DOCSLIB.ORG

Family Sanctioned Child Kuchaya Mapoto (Cohabitation) in Zimbabwe: Lived Experiences of Young People As Child Cohabiters

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Family Sanctioned Child Kuchaya Mapoto (Cohabitation) in Zimbabwe: Lived Experiences of Young People As Child Cohabiters UNIVERSITY OF KWAZULU-NATAL Family sanctioned child kuchaya mapoto (cohabitation) in Zimbabwe: Lived experiences of young people as child cohabiters. Submitted in accordance with the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Social Work By THOMAS GUMBO Discipline of Social Work College of Humanities School of Applied Human Sciences Supervisor: Dr. Maud Mthembu 08 January 2020 DECLARATION PLAGIARISM I, Thomas Gumbo, do hereby state that: i. The research reported in this thesis, except where otherwise indicated, is my original research; ii. It has not been submitted for any degree or examination at any other university; iii. It does not contain other persons’ data, pictures, graphs or other information, unless specifically acknowledged as being sourced from other persons; iv. It does not contain other persons’ writing, unless specifically acknowledged as being sourced from other researchers. v. It does not contain text, graphics or tables copied and pasted from the internet, unless specifically acknowledged, and the source being detailed in the dissertation and in the relevant reference section. ______________________________ THOMAS GUMBO Student number: 210549952 08 January 2020 As candidate supervisor, I hereby approve this thesis for submission Dr. MAUD MTHEMBU _________________________________ 08 January 2020 DEDICATION First and foremost, I would like to dedicate this dissertation to God Almighty, who is the Alpha and Omega of my life. I would also like to dedicate this dissertation to my late mother, Tecla Zhoya, who could not live to see her son graduate with his doctorate. I know she is looking down proudly. I also want to dedicate this dissertation to all those children in Zimbabwe who are in forced child cohabitation unions. ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This dissertation would not have been completed without the immense support from various individuals, and I would like to take this opportunity to express my sincere gratitude and appreciation to these exceptional individuals. First and foremost, I would like to take this opportunity to thank my dedicated supervisor Dr. Maud Mthembu for your constant support, encouragement, patience, guidance, and your immense commitment, which was second to none. You made me believe that this dissertation would eventually be completed even in times when I felt overly overwhelmed and many times felt like giving up. Still, you continually assured me that it could be done, and with that may God richly bless every aspect of your life. Special gratitude goes to Professor Camel Matthias for the guidance, encouragement, and support in the initial write up of this thesis. A special hearty thank you to my dear brother Archford Kubvoruno (Baba Nathaniel and Noah) for your unwavering continued support financially, emotionally, and socially and for taking the time to proofread this dissertation and not forgetting to also thank my special Amaiguru Mai Noah for your unwavering reassurance, support, and prayers. I would also like to thank my Father C. Gumbo for his constant support throughout my studies and for valuing education and seeing it as the key to success. I want to also thank my Mother M. Tasara, for the support and prayers throughout the Ph.D. I would also like to take this opportunity to thank Nyarai Masamba for being my number one cheerleader and an important outlet for me to vent on my dissertation struggles. You always had the right words to encourage me whenever I felt like giving up. You are special in my life. I would also like to acknowledge my siblings for their encouragement and support, and I love you. I want to thank my Sekuru (Mitchell Chiviru), who always made sure he offered support and assistance when I need it. To the participants and the gatekeepers, I would like to thank you for making this study possible. I would also like to thank Ayanda Ntuli for always being there to help with the administrative side of this journey. iii To my friends and colleagues Patrick Nyamaruze, Dr. Shumba, T.K Mathathu, Hillary Muguto, Pumla Nomfele, Mai Zambuko, and others I could not mention with names thank you very much for your assistance and support throughout this study. I would also like to thank the dedicated individuals in the School of Social Work for your support and encouragement throughout this research. This dissertation would not have been completed without the help and support from the key informants, research assistants and, most importantly, the participants who participated in this study. From the bottom of my heart, thank you very much for your immense contribution to this study. iv Abstract Even though the phenomenon of child cohabitation is becoming widespread in Zimbabwe, very little is known about the drivers and the lived experiences of children cohabiting. Child cohabitation infringes on the fundamental rights of children that include the right to education, health, personal development, and undermines the best interests of the children involved in such a union. The study aimed to gain an in-depth understanding of the experiences of young people as child cohabiters in Zimbabwe. It is essential to highlight that all the young people who participated in this study started cohabiting when they were still children. The thesis strived to answer the following research questions (1) what are the lived experiences of young people as child cohabiters in Zimbabwe? (2) What are the drivers and consequences of kuchaya mapoto union amongst children in Zimbabwe? (3) What are the perceptions and views of parents concerning kuchaya mapoto unions involving children in Zimbabwe? (4) What are the intervention strategies to curb kuchaya mapoto unions in Zimbabwe? The study adopted a qualitative research design positioned within the interpretivist paradigm. Data was collected from a sample of 9 young people between the ages of 18-22 who explored their experiences as child cohabiters, 10 parents with children who are cohabiting, two social workers with experience working with children, one teacher, and one religious leader from the community of Dzivarasekwa. Data were analysed using both the thematic content analysis and discourse analysis. The findings indicated that young people do not cohabit willingly. Poverty, cultural beliefs, and practices when teenagers fall pregnant underline the decision for parents to enforce cohabitation as a precursor for future marriage. However, cohabitation undermines the health, and educational rights of young people, undermining their care and protection. The findings further demonstrated that the burden of managing parental responsibilities was overwhelming because of being young and inexperienced. Hence, it was difficult for the young male participants to provide for their families, which forced them to do strenuous odd jobs to be able to take responsibility for their families' upkeep. The young female participants, on the other hand, felt exploited and abused because they were forced to do all the household chores in their in-laws’ household. Feelings of powerlessness, helplessness, and regret contributed immensely to mental health issues for the young people. Apart from the challenges that the participants experienced as child cohabitors, some of the participants demonstrated resilience and a sense of agency not to remain as victims of their v circumstances. These young people are taking care of their children and providing for them without adequate support from their respective families. Deconstructing the notion that teenage mothers and fathers are not capable of stepping up and taking responsibility for their children. They demonstrated that they were able to rise above dominant discourses that not only marginalize and disempower them but sees them as irresponsible individuals who are not capable of taking care of their children. The recommendations include the need for parents to monitor and supervise their children and be involved extensively in their lives. Additionally, the school and the community play an essential role in the reduction of teenage pregnancy, which was a significant contributor to child cohabitation in this current study. Hence, the need to create effective after school programmes such as sports clubs, scripture union clubs, debate clubs, and writing clubs in communities is important because these can provide a safe environment for children to be nurtured and disciplined. Teenagers are having sex, hence the distribution and availability of condoms in schools in Zimbabwe is critical in reducing the high rate of teenage pregnancy. Prioritising support for school-drop out is important, and the Zimbabwe government should put in place tangible mechanisms that support school re-entry for teenage girls that drop out of school due to pregnancy. Lastly, aligning laws relevant to children with the Constitution of Zimbabwe is fundamental in the protection of children from the repercussions of child cohabitation. Key Words: Child cohabitation, teenage pregnancy, cultural beliefs, exploitation, resilience, parental responsibilities, social stigma, school drop-out, mental health. vi ACRONYMS ACRWC African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome AU African Union CEDAW Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination against Women HIV Human Immune Virus STIs Sexually Transmitted Infections UNCRC United Nations Convention on the Rights of Children UNICEF United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund WHO World Health Organization ZESN Zimbabwe Electoral
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Poverty in the Gwai Forest Reserve, Zimbabwe: 1880–1953." Global Environment 1 (2008): 146–75
    Full citation: Kwashirai, Vimbai Chaumba. "Poverty in the Gwai Forest Reserve, Zimbabwe: 1880–1953." Global Environment 1 (2008): 146–75. http://www.environmentandsociety.org/node/4222. First published: http://www.globalenvironment.it. Rights: All rights reserved. Made available on the Environment & Society Portal for nonprofit educational purposes only, courtesy of Gabriella Corona, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche / National Research Council of Italy (CNR), and XL edizioni s.a.s. Poverty in the Gwai Forest Reserve, Zimbabwe: 1880-1953* Vimbai Chaumba Kwashirai ntroduction h e subject of poverty in Zimbabwe’s forest sector has not received any scrutiny so far in the existing his- torical literature. h is study examines the problem of poverty in the Gwai Forest Reserve (GFR) of North- Western Matabeleland, Zimbabwe, from 1880-1953. h e region was endowed with the largest commercial I and most important indigenous hardwood forests in the country, and indeed in the whole of Southern Africa. h e Nde- bele people call these forests gusu. h ey are also known as “Zambezi teak woodland” or “Baikiea forests”. Specii cally, the present study explores the signii cance of forest rules and regulations in causing poverty among Africans. I argue that white forest oi cials in the GFR were ruthless in controlling African access to land and forest products like timber, i rewood and grass. I also show that, in cahoots with commercial timber loggers, foresters exploited Africans resi- dent in the forest zone under appalling working conditions of over- work and low wages. h e interests of foresters and timber merchants on one hand, and those of the Native Department, on the other, clashed over Africans and forestry resources, fracturing colonial state power as settlers, oi cials and imperial scientists often failed to resolve dif erences between economic sectors, departments and individuals within the colony.
    [Show full text]
  • Perceptions of Women's Freedom of Movement in the Avenues
    PERCEPTIONS OF WOMEN’S FREEDOM OF MOVEMENT IN THE AVENUES SUBURB IN ZIMBABWE BY RUTENDO JUNIOR MATANGA Submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS in the subject DEVELOPMENT STUDIES at the UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AFRICA SUPERVISOR: PROFESSOR S.A. D. KAMGA 17 September 2018 bijoux DECLARATION Name: Rutendo Junior Matanga Student number: 58 558233 Degree: Master of Arts in Development Studies Exact wording of the title of the dissertation as appearing on the copies submitted for examination: “Perceptions of women’s freedom of movement in the Avenues Suburb in Zimbabwe” . ……… I declare that the above is my own work and that all the sources that I have used or quoted have been indicated and acknowledged by means of complete references. I further declare that I submitted the thesis to originality checking software. The result summary is attached. I further declare that I have not previously submitted this work, or part of it for examination at Unisa for another qualification or at any other higher education institution. 17 / 09 / 18 SIGNATURE DATE bijoux ABSTRACT This study explores perceptions of women’s freedom of movement since the 27 May 2015 Constitutional Court ruling CCZ 15/15, outlawing arbitrary arrests of women after dusk on grounds of loitering with intent to solicit for prostitution, focusing on Zimbabwe’s Avenues community. It traces issues surrounding women’s mobility under patriarchy since colonialism which through the 1960 Vagrancy Act marked the inception of its legal regulation premising stereotypic arrests by state agents. Guided by Pragmatic and Feminist philosophy the researcher adopts a Mixed Method Strategy to gather new knowledge on the complex issue.
    [Show full text]
  • INDEPENDENCE SHONA NOVELS and SHORT STORIES By
    DEVIANCE AND MORALISATION AS PORTRAYED IN SELECTED POST- INDEPENDENCE SHONA NOVELS AND SHORT STORIES By WELLINGTON WASOSA Submitted in accordance to the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF LITERATURE AND PHILOSOPHY in the subject of AFRICAN LANGUAGES at the UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AFRICA PROMOTER: PROFESSOR D.E.MUTASA CO-PROMOTER: PROFESSOR I.MUWATI NOVEMBER 2014 DECLARATION Student Number 5082-612-3 I, Wellington Wasosa, declare that Deviance and Moralisation in Selected Post- Independence Shona Novels and Short Stories is my work and that the sources used or quoted have been indicated by means of complete references. Signature: _______________________ Date: 18 February 2015 i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS There are a number of individuals and institutions I salute for their worthwhile contributions in the process of undertaking the research. First and foremost, my sincere gratitude goes to my supervisors Professor D.E.Mutasa and Professor I. Muwati for their constructive criticism and encouragement especially when the chips were down throughout the entire period of undertaking this research. I also owe my gratitude to the University of South Africa for granting me a bursary that enabled me to pursue this research. I am also indebted to current and former colleagues at Great Zimbabwe University in the Departments of African Languages and Literature, Curriculum Studies and Sociology for the support which came in various forms including engaging in intuitive deliberations and being selfless in providing helpful literature since the period of inception of the proposal. The same gratitude goes to some colleagues in the Department of African Languages and Literature at the University of Zimbabwe.
    [Show full text]
  • Collaboration and Conflict in Transnationally-Dispersed
    Syracuse University SURFACE Dissertations - ALL SURFACE December 2017 Collaboration and Conflict in rT ansnationally-Dispersed Zimbabwean Families William John Suk Syracuse University Follow this and additional works at: https://surface.syr.edu/etd Part of the Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Suk, William John, "Collaboration and Conflict in rT ansnationally-Dispersed Zimbabwean Families" (2017). Dissertations - ALL. 822. https://surface.syr.edu/etd/822 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the SURFACE at SURFACE. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations - ALL by an authorized administrator of SURFACE. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Abstract Approximately one quarter of Zimbabwean adults left their country of birth during the past twenty years. These sojourners are increasingly dispersed as tightening immigration regimes in preferred destinations and fluctuating global opportunities lead them to places with fewer historical links to Zimbabwe. This dispersive process fractures many families between multiple international locations. Nevertheless, the idea of family remains centrally important to diasporans, who work with relatives around the world to care for children and elders, to acquire important documents like passports, and to prepare for an eventual return home. Following from performative and relational theorizations of kinship, this dissertation argues that collaborative projects are crucibles in which families are forged and reconfigured. This exploration of how dispersion shapes family life deploys three analytical lenses: history, space and technology. Contemporary journeys are historically linked to a century of dispossession and labor-migration in Southern Africa. Colonial governments used onerous “bioinformational regimes” to subjugate Africans and profit from their labor.
    [Show full text]
  • Factors That Influence the Increase of Prostitution in Bulawayo's Business
    IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science (IOSR-JHSS) Volume 19, Issue 6, Ver. IV (Jun. 2014), PP 65-74 e-ISSN: 2279-0837, p-ISSN: 2279-0845. www.iosrjournals.org Factors That Influence the Increase of Prostitution in Bulawayo’s Business Centre Printah Printer Nkala Department of Counselling at Zimbabwe Open University. P. O. Box 3550. Bulawayo. Zimbabwe. Abstact: The study sought to assess the factors that influence the increase of prostitution in Bulawayo’s Business Centre. It is generally noted that many young women married or unmarried, employed and unemployed, including teenagers of between 13 to17 years are involved in prostitution. It is observed that there many brothels, bars and hotels that attract quite a number of young women. The government’s efforts initiated in curtailing the rate of prostitution through criminalising commercial sex-work by arresting and detaining those suspected of loitering or soliciting for clients seems to have failed. A Mixed Methods Approach which combines quantitative and qualitative paradigms was adopted. Due to the clandestine operation of prostitutes, the exact size could not be ascertained; however, a sample of 25 respondents was used in the study which was selected through snowballing sampling technique. The findings revealed that Zimbabwe’s dire economic situation has forced many young women into prostitution. The majority of the prostitutes were also found to be drug and alcohol abusers. The study also revealed that the enforcement agents were the main prostitute-abusers who arrested women walking in the streets at night on suspicion of loitering or soliciting for commercial sex- work. The increase of women involved in prostituting activitiesin a country that criminalises the phenomenon indicates that the country is not addressing the problem but the symptom.
    [Show full text]
  • Faculty of Arts
    FACULTY OF ARTS DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY APPROVAL FORM The undersigned certify that they have supervised IREEN CHIROZVA’S dissertation entitled; CHILD PROSTITUTION IN SHAMVA IN ZIMBABWE (2000-2016). Submitted in partial Fulfilment of the requirements for the Bachelor of Arts Honors Degree in History. …………………………… ………………………… Supervisor …………………………… …………………………. Department Chairperson ……………………………. ………………………….. External Supervisor 1 RELEASE FORM NAME OF STUDENT Chirozva Ireen DISSERTATION TITLE Child Prostitution in Shamva in Zimbabwe. (200 (2000-2016) DEGREE TITLE Bachelor of Arts Honors Degree in History YEAR THIS DEGREE GRANTED 2016 Permission is thereby granted to the Midlands State University Library to produce single copies of this dissertation and to lend or sell such copies for private, scholarly or scientific research purpose only. The author reserves other publication rights and neither the dissertation nor extensive extracts from it may be printed or otherwise reproduced without the author‟s written permission. SIGNED …………………………………………… PERMANENT ADDRESS 254 MBIZI STREET Wadzanai, Shamva DATE May 2016 2 DECLARATION FORM I, Ireen Chirozva declare that this study is my own work and has not been submitted before any degree or examination in the university. I also declare that all sources I have used and I have quoted have been indicated and acknowledged as complete references. I authorize that the dissertation will be used for scholarly research and for academic purposes only. Chirozva Ireen Signature……………………….. 3 Dedication I dedicate this research work to my late mother and beloved father, my siblings Nyasha, Rumbi, Tendai and Mukudzei who continued encouraging and supporting me. 4 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank the Almighty God presenting me with this opportunity to embark on this research project.
    [Show full text]
  • Pioneers, Settlers, Aliens, Exiles: the Decolonisation of White Identity In
    Pioneers, Settlers, Aliens, Exiles J. L. Fisher Pioneers, Settlers, Aliens, Exiles The decolonisation of white identity in Zimbabwe J. L. Fisher THE AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY E P R E S S E P R E S S Published by ANU E Press The Australian National University Canberra ACT 0200, Australia Email: [email protected] This title is also available online at: http://epress.anu.edu.au/pioneers_citation.html National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry Author: Fisher, J. L. (Josephine Lucy) Title: Pioneers, settlers, aliens, exiles : the decolonisation of white identity in Zimbabwe / J. L. Fisher. ISBN: 9781921666148 (pbk.) 9781921666155 (pdf) Notes: Bibliography. Subjects: Decolonization--Zimbabwe. Whites--Zimbabwe. Zimbabwe--Politics and government--1980- Zimbabwe--Race relations. Dewey Number: 320.96891 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. Cover design and layout by ANU E Press Printed by University Printing Services, ANU This edition © 2010 ANU E Press Contents Abbreviations. ix Preface . xi 1 ..Introduction. 1 2 ..Zimbabwe’s.discourse.of.national.reconciliation . 27 3 ..Re-inscribing.the.national.landscape. 55 4 ..Zimbabwe’s.narrative.of.national.rebirth. 79 5 ..Decolonising.settler.citizenship. 103 6 ..The.mobilisation.of.indigeneity. 131 7 ..The.loss.of.certainty. 173 8 ..Zimbabwe’s.governance.and.land.reform.crises—a.postscript.201
    [Show full text]
  • Causes of Prostitution in Zimbabwe a Case Study of the Hauna Growth Point, Mutasa District
    CAUSES OF PROSTITUTION IN ZIMBABWE A CASE STUDY OF THE HAUNA GROWTH POINT, MUTASA DISTRICT BY RUMBIDZAI NHEWEYEMBWA (B1024862) SUPERVISOR MR D. J CHISVO A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE BACHELOR OF SCIENCE HONOURS DEGREE IN SOCIAL WORK, DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WORK, FACULTY OF SCIENCE EDUCATION BINDURA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE EDUCATION i ii RELEASE FORM TITLE OF PROJECT: Investigation into the causes of prostitution in Zimbabwe. PROGRAMME: Bachelor of Science Honours Degree in Social Work. YEAR GRANTED: 2013 Permission is hereby granted to the Bindura University Library to produce single copies of this project and to lend or sell such copies for private, scholarly or scientific research purposes only. The author reserves other publication rights and neither the project nor extensive extracts from it may be printed or otherwise reproduced without the author‟s written permission. SIGNED: …………………………………......................... PERMANENT ADDRESS: 1/131 Montgomery Drive Prospect Waterfalls Harare. DATE: 14 June 2013 iii APPROVAL FORM The undersigned certify that they have read and recommended to the Bindura University for acceptance; a project entitled “Causes of prostitution in Zimbabwe. A Case Study of Hauna Growth Point Mutasa District”, submitted by Nheweyembwa Rumbidzai in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Bachelor of Science Honours Degree in Social Work. ………………………………………… …………………………… SUPERVISOR DATE ……………………………………….. ……………………………… CHAIRMAN DATE ………………………………………. ……………………………... STUDENT DATE iv DEDICATION This dissertation is dedicated to my loving husband and my pastor Rev. Olsen Mhako, thank you for being my best friend and my pillar of strength, I love you always. v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Firstly I would like to thank the Lord God Almighty, the Lion of the tribe of Judah, Jehovah El-shaddai for taking me thus far and enabling me to complete this research.
    [Show full text]
  • Family Planning in Rhodesia and Zimbabwe
    A matter of difference? Family planning and gendered discourses on sexuality and reproductive decision-making among Black and White Zimbabweans Ph. D. Dissertation Ane M. Ørbø Kirkegaard Department of Peace and Development Research Göteborg University A matter of difference? Family planning and gendered discourses on sexuality and reproductive decision-making among Black and White Zimbabweans © Ane M. Ørbø Kirkegaard Ph.D. Dissertation Department of peace and development research, Göteborg University (PADRIGU) Box 700, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden ISBN: 91 87 380 609 Key index words: (title), Rhodesia, Zimbabwe, fertility, reproductive behaviour, reproductive decision-making, gender, population policy, racialised sexuality, HIV/Aids, family planning, feminism, Africa, discourse, masculinity, patriarchy, contraception. Front page illustration: Family planning poster on the door of a village bottle store, Eastern Zimbabwe, 1995 (photo: Ane M. Ørbø Kirkegaard) Layout of front page: Silje Ørbø Kirkegaard, AD Printed by Kompendiet, Göteborg, 2004 Typeset: Palatino 10 2 A mysterious marriage Once upon a time There was a boy and a girl Forced to leave their home by armed robbers. The boy was Independence The girl was Freedom. While fighting back, they got married. After the big war they went back home. Everybody prepared for the wedding. Drinks and food abounded, Even the disabled felt able. The whole village gathered waiting. Freedom and Independence Were more popular than Jesus. Independence came But Freedom was not there. An old woman saw Freedom’s shadow passing, Walking through the crowd, Freedom to the gate. All the same, they celebrated for Independence. Independence is now a senior bachelor Some people still talk about him Many others take no notice A lot still say it was a fake marriage.
    [Show full text]
  • The African E-Journals Project Has Digitized Full Text of Articles of Eleven Social Science and Humanities Journals
    The African e-Journals Project has digitized full text of articles of eleven social science and humanities journals. This item is from the digital archive maintained by Michigan State University Library. Find more at: http://digital.lib.msu.edu/projects/africanjournals/ Available through a partnership with Scroll down to read the article. Journal of Social Development in Africa (1997), 12,2, 75-89 Prostitutes: Vendors of Another Type * VICfOR N MUZVIDZIW A** ABSTRACT Urban prostitution in Zimbabwe dates back over a century to the rise of colonial towns. In Zimbabwe employment opportunities in the settler towns attracted male migrants. Due to low wages and the provision of bachelor accommodation in towns, men generally left their families in the rural village. Most lived like single men, often divorced or rejected by their kin (van Onselen, 1976). For those women who migrated independently to town, the only viable occupation was prostitution. Despite the fact that prostitution was never legal during the colonial period and despite attempts to control it by using Vagrants Act, it thrived and still thrives. Prostitution remains largely as a 'hanging-on' strategy. This article explores prostitution in one of Zimbabwe' major towns - Masvingo - and demonstrates prostitutes' life situations, motivations and future plans. Their social and working lives, self-definition of their sex worker status, relationships with other prostitutes, the kinds of social networks they establish, their clients, incomes and expenditure patterns are some of the issues raised in this article. The impact of ESAP on prostitution, urban adjustments and coping mechanisms, are also discussed. Introduction A small minority of Masvingo women are in the business of selling sex, as a means of supporting their households.
    [Show full text]
  • 3.0 Sexuality in Zimbabwe – (Overview)
    Master Thesis A History of Debates on Sexuality in Zimbabwe Author Rumbidzai Maunze Academic degree aspired Master (MA) Vienna, 2009 Studienkennzahl: A 067 805 Studienrichtung: Global Studies - A European Perspective Advisor: Dr. Birgit Englert Rumbidzai Maunze A History of Debates on Sexuality in Zimbabwe Lebenslauf Rumbidzai Maunze Parkstraße 17 D- 80339 München Tel. +49 / 89 / 27272379 Mobil: +49 / 179 9838584 E-Mail: [email protected] geb. am 19. Oktober 1984 in Harare, Simbabwe Staatsbürgerin von Simbabwe Studium & Schule 10/2007-10/2008 Universität Wien Studiengang: Global Studies derzeit Magister-Arbeit (bis Ende April 2009) angestrebter Abschluss: Master of Arts in Global Studies 10/2006-07/2007 Universität Leipzig Studiengang: Global Studies 09/2003-06/2006 Jacobs University, Bremen Studiengang: Integrated Social Science Abschluss: Bachelor of Arts 08/1997-05/2003 SOS Hermann Gmeiner International College (SOS-HGIC), Tema, Ghana Abschluss: - Cambridge International General Certifcate of Secondary Education - International Baccalaureate Praktika 08/2008-10/2008 SOS Kinderdörfer weltweit Hermann Gmeiner Fonds Deutschland e.V., München Mitarbeit in der Abteilung „Projektinformation“ Aufgaben: Recherche, Datenbankpflege (u.a. Arbeit mit SAP), Editieren von Texten für das Intranet 06/2006-08/2006 Forschungsstelle für Europäisches Umweltrecht (Research Centre for European Environmental 2 Rumbidzai Maunze A History of Debates on Sexuality in Zimbabwe Law), Universität Bremen, Bremen Mitarbeit bei dem Projekt “Responsible Business:
    [Show full text]
  • Employment, Unemployment and Informality in Zimbabwe: Concepts and Data for Coherent Policy-Making
    Employment, unemployment and informality in Zimbabwe: Concepts and data for coherent policy-making Issues Paper No. 32 and Integration Working Paper No. 90 Malte Luebker* ILO Sub-Regional Office for Southern Africa (SRO-Harare) Harare, Zimbabwe and Policy Integration and Statistics Department International Labour Office Geneva, Switzerland July 2008 * Research for this paper was carried out in collaboration with the Central Statistical Office, Harare, Zimbabwe. Working papers are preliminary documents circulated to stimulate discussion and obtain comments. Copyright © International Labour Organization 2008 First published 2008 Publications of the International Labour Office enjoy copyright under Protocol 2 of the Universal Copyright Convention. Nevertheless, short excerpts from them may be reproduced without authorization, on condition that the source is indicated. For rights of reproduction or translation, application should be made to the ILO Publications (Rights and Permissions), International Labour Office, CH-1211 Geneva 22, Switzerland, or by email: [email protected]. The International Labour Office welcomes such applications. Libraries, institutions and other users registered with reproduction rights organizations may make copies in accordance with the licences issued to them for this purpose. Visit www.ifrro.org to find the reproduction rights organization in your country. ILO Cataloguing in Publication Data Luebker, Malte Employment, unemployment and informality in Zimbabwe : concepts and data for coherent policy-making / Malte
    [Show full text]