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Some Neglected History of North Carolina, Being an Account of The

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Some Neglected History of North Carolina, Being an Account of The SOME NEGLECTED HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA —5.-."»%«^ %,i, ii-.:. A PLAN of tKe Camp ami Battle of Alamance, tlaeitf 'May 777/ Between the Provincials of NortK Carolina Commanded By His ExceUency Govcrnw- TRYON and the Rebels who /fyled themselves Re^uUtors Surveyd aad Draww By C.J.SanlWr FRONTISPIECE Explanation a.CtAvi& stvitun C.Artiilcry J.Oratig«Div?» cCwrttrct Div." t.NewHai\ov«r dW g.JoHnson Div<^' b-Bolts Div.»- l-OnslawDiv-"- K.'Ra.-ageis. I.LigKt Hone m. Enemy n Eiumyl) Camp, By permission of Mr. Marshall DeLancey Haywood V,:;''- A PLAN o{ the. Camp and Battle of AlaraAnce^tKcitf "May 777/ Between the Provincialo of NortK Carolina Commaudccl By His Excellency Govcrnoi* TKYON and the Rebels whoJlyW themselves Rctful&tors Surveys and DT«wn By C.J.Sanlmcr DeLancey Haywood By permission 0/ Mr. Marshall FRONTISriECE SOME NEGLECTED HIS- TORY OF NORTH CAROLINA BEING AN ACCOUNT OF THE REVOLUTION OF THE REGULATORS AND OF THE BATTLE OF ALAMANCE, THE FIRST BATTLE OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION BY WILLIAM EDWARD FITCH, M.D. FIRST LIEUT. MED. RES. CORPS, U. S. A. Author "Some Things the Colony of North Carolina Did and Did First in the Founding of English-SpeakingAmer- iea," The Origin, Rise and Downfall of the State of Franklin, Under Her First and Only Governor, John Sevier; Member of the Connecticut Society of the Cincinnati ; the New York Society of the Founders and Patriots of America; the New York Society of Colonial Wars, and the Washington Continental Guard. SECOND EDITION (Copyrighted) P3 O published^y"§he author 325 WESW^145f5 STREET NEW §PR© CITY d DEDICATED Hon. JOSEPH M. MOREHEAD In acknowledgment of his consummate wisdom as a states- man, his valor as a soldier, his incorruptible integrity and his researches in the history and causes of the Revolution of the Regulators, unsurpassed by any w^riter; and General JULIAN SHAKESPERE CARR Because of his love for the "Old North State," his venera- tion for her heroes who bled at Alamance, his success as a model man, his philanthropy and loftiness of character. ILLUSTRATIONS PAGE. A Plan of the Battle of Alamance Frontispiece. Stamp Act Riot at Newberne in 1765 Facing 36 " Front View of Tryon's Palace 44 Husband Tossing the "Taxes" on the Table " Before the Governor 52 " Portrait of Edmund Fanning 176 " Regulator Battle-ground 208 Armorial Seal and Signature of Gov. William " Tryon 214 " Battle of Alamance 218 " Execution of James Pugh 248 " The First Liberty Bell 260 " IMonument to the Battle of Alamance 262 ; CONTENTS PREFACE INTRODUCTORY CHAPTER I Early Settlers Inherited Liberty-loving Spirits Which Their Fathers and Forbears of Old Fought for with Cromwell on English Soil; the Province of North Carolina from 1735 to 1740; Unlawful Taxes and Oppressive Government; Want of a Cir- culating Medium; William Tryon Commissioned Governor, 1764; Passage of the Stamp Act, 1765; Arrival of the Sloops "Diligence" and "Viper" Governor Tryon's Barbecue; Duel of Simpson and Whitehurst ; Boston Tea Party ; the Building of the Governor's Palace at Newberne and Description of the Edifice 33 CHAPTER II Harmon Husband, Member of General Assembly from Orange County; His Arrest While Attending Meeting of General Assembly; Governor Tryon's Proclamation to Weaken Organization of the Reg- ulators ; the Causes Leading to the Confederation of the Regulators ; Proofs That the Regulators Were Justifiable in Their Acts and That They Had Just Cause for Grievances ; the Royal Governor's Re- ports to Lord Dartmouth; Convention of Regula- tors and County Officers at Mrs. Steele's Inn at Salisbury on March 7, 1771 ; Governor Tryon's Let- ter to Maurice Moore Pertaining to This Meeting; Unequal Representation of Western Counties as Compared with Eastern Counties ; the Atticus Let- ter; the Sheriff of Orange County Sells "Home- spun" Dress at Auction from a Poor Woman's Back for Her Husband's Taxes 47 ;; 10 Contents CHAPTER III Early Immigrants to North Carolina; Tryon De- nounces Harmon Husband as a "Blatant Dema- gogue ;" Husband a Prisoner of Edmund Fanning His Friendship with Benjamin Franklin; "Sermon ;" on Asses Parentage and Early Life ; Location and Estates on Deep River; the Organization of the Regulators in April, 1767; Petition of Regulators to Governor and General Assembly; Regulators Go to Court; Copies of Cases as Disposed of at Hills- borough Court; Regulators Enter the Temple of Justice and Take Out Lawyers and Court Ofificials and Whip Them on Court-house Green ; They Com- pel Edmund Fanning to Plead Law Before a "Mock" Judge; Take Him Out and Whip Him, Then Destroy His Furniture and Burn His Home Fanning's Nativity and Education ; Lord Gran- ville's Land Agents and Their Frauds; Unlawful Taxes and Extortionate Charges ; Rednap Howell —His Nativity, Doggerel Poems, and Teachings as a Regulator; Preparations to Resist Further Op- pression and Extortion 103 CHAPTER IV Tryon's Preparations for War and Orders to General Waddell ; the Cabarrus "Black Boys" Cap- ture a Convoy; General Waddell Receives This In- formation and Sends Dispatches to Tryon ; Breaks Camp and Marches Eastward ; Met by a Company of Regulators and Forced to Retreat ; Tryon Re- ceives Waddell's Dispatches ; Marches Toward Haw River ; Regulators Send Petition to Tyron, Praying for an Audience; Transcript from Tryon's Journal; Regulators' Needs; Alamance Battle- ground; Seymour Whiting's Poem; Battle of Ala- mance ; Tryon's Advance ; Battle Fought on Planta- tion of Capt. Michael Holt ; Strength of Governor's Army ; Harmon Husband Flees ; Dr. Caldwell and Others Visit Tryon's Camp in Behalf of the Regula- tors ; They Present Second Petition ; Tryon's Procla- mation ; the Battle Begins ; the Governor Kills Mr. Robt. Thompson ; Tryon's White Flag ; Tryon's Army Retreats ; Second White Flag ; Tryon Rallies His Men and Leads a Charge ; His Army Victorious ; Prisoners Taken ; Tryon Orders Battle-field Set on ;; Contents 11 Fire ; Losses and Captures ; Execution of Few, Mes- ser, and Pugh, Other Prisoners in Chains 185 CHAPTER V After the Battle Tryon Begins His March of'De- vastation ; Husband's Estates His First Stop Burns and Lays Waste His Property and Crops; Personal Mention of Husband and Family; His Implication in the Whiskey Riot in Pennsylvania; Tryon Marches Through the Jersey Settlements, Pillaging with Fire and Sword; in Camp at Reedy Creek; Joined by Waddell June 4; Combined Army Marches to the Moravian Settlements ; Celebration of King's Birthday; General Waddell Ordered to March Westward and Subdue and Enforce Submis- sion of Regulators in Rowan and Adjoining Coun- ties ; Governor Begins His March Toward Hills- borough ; in Camp at Guilford Court House ; His Proclamation Outlawing Certain Regulators; Breaks Camp and Marches to Hillsborough ; Pris- oners Tried and Condemned ; his Personal Super- vision of the Gallows and Details of Execution; Dr. Caldwell Comforts Condemned Men ; Place of Execution ; Pugh as a Man and Patriot ; Robert Matear and Governor's Enmity for Him ; Captain Messer ; Captain Merrill and His Talk While on the Scaffold : 233 CHAPTER VI Tryon Receives Commission as Governor of the Province of New York; During Trial of Prisoners He Leaves Hillsborough ; Goes into Camp at Stony Creek; Next Morning His Farewell to His Officers and Army; Returns to His Palace at Newberne and Embarks for New York; Josiah Martin, the New Governor ; Blood Shed at Alamance Battle-ground the Graves of Patriots ; the "Flower of Freedom" Which Sprang Therefrom ; Monument to the Regu- lators that Fell at Alamance ; the Monument Asso- ciation; Rev. Daniel Albright Long; Distinguished Guests in Attendance ; the First "Liberty Bell" in America; the First Battle of the American Revolu- tion ; the First Declaration of Independence at Char- lotte; the Mecklenburg Declaration, May 20, 1775.. 257 PREFACE North Carolinians have for decades past been interested to an unusual degree in the Provincial and Colonial history of the "Old North State." A growing taste for history and antiquities has become apparent in our history, as has been mani- fested in various quarters by some of the gifted sons of the Old North State diving among the records and searching the traditions of the past for incidents and subjects worthy of patriotic commemoration. No State in the Union can present a wider or more diversified field for historical inquiry than North Carolina. On her shores the first settle- ment of English colonists in America was estab- lished; within her borders the first resistance to British authority was organized; by her people the first battle of the American Revolution was fought; and the first actual declaration of inde- pendence was made, and some of the most bril- liant and important transactions of the Revolu- tionary period took place upon her soil. The "Battle of Alamance" and the tyrannical oppression and extortion preceding this most important event in our provincial history is of great moment to all liberty-loving North Carolin- ians. Recorded instances of oppression and ex- tortion at the hands of all public officers, from 14 Preface the chief magistrate down to the sheriffs, when no longer endurable called forth the spirit of suc- cessful resistance which culminated in taking up arms against the officers of the Crown. But in the study of the events before us—the causes leading up to the "War of the Regulators," the "Battle of Alamance," the first battle of the Am- erican Revolution—we see the colonists (Regula- tors) wearing a heavy yoke of British oppression, which they were attempting to throw off by means of arbitration, and when failing in this, although without an army, no ammunition, not or- ganized, with no General to lead them in battle, unused to military tactics, but firmly and unitedly asserting their rights, and in their defense boldly stepping forth to meet a well-organized and prop- erly-officered army led by Tryon, Governor-Gen- eral of the Province of North Carolina.
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