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Origins of the Virginia Southside, 1703-1753 : a Social and Economic Study

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Origins of the Virginia Southside, 1703-1753 : a Social and Economic Study W&M ScholarWorks Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects 1972 Origins of the Virginia Southside, 1703-1753 : a social and economic study Michael Lee Nicholls College of William & Mary - Arts & Sciences Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd Part of the History Commons Recommended Citation Nicholls, Michael Lee, "Origins of the Virginia Southside, 1703-1753 : a social and economic study" (1972). Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects. Paper 1539623660. https://dx.doi.org/doi:10.21220/s2-vygg-2v47 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS This dissertation was produced from a microfilm copy of the original document. While the most advanced technological means to photograph and reproduce this document have been used, the quality is heavily dependent upon the quality of the original submitted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help you understand markings or patterns which may appear on this reproduction. 1. The sign or "target" for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is "Missing Page{s)". If it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting thru an image and duplicating adjacent pages.to insure you complete continuity. 2. When an image on the film is obliterated with a large round black mark, it is an indication that the photographer suspected that the copy may have moved during exposure and thus cause a blurred image. You will find a good image of the page in the adjacent frame. 3. When a map, drawing or chart, etc., was part of the material being photographed the photographer followed a definite method in "sectioning" the material. It is customary to begin photoing at the upper left hand corner of a large sheet and to continue photoing from left to right in equal sections with a small overlap. If necessary, sectioning is continued again — beginning below the first row and continuing on until complete. 4. The majority of users indicate that the textual content is of greatest value, however, a somewhat higher quality reproduction could be made from "photographs" if essential to the understanding of the dissertation. Silver prints of "photographs" may be ordered at additional charge by writing the Order Department, giving the catalog number, title, author and specific pages you wish reproduced. University Microfilms 300 North Zeeb Road Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106 A Xerox Education Company Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. NICHOLLS, Michael Lee, 1944- ORIGINS OF THE VIRGINIA SOUTHSIDE, 1703-1753: A SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC STUDY. The College of William and Mary in Virginia, Ph.D., 1972 History, modem University Microfilms, A XEROX Company,Ann Arbor, Michigan © 1972 Hichael Lee Nicholls ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. ORIGINS OF TEE VIRGINIA SOUTHSIDE, 1703-1753* A SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC STUDY A Dissertation Presented to The Faculty of the Department of History The College of William and Mary in Virginia In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy fey Michael L. Nicholls 1972 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. APPROVAL SHEET This dissertation, is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy- Approved , May 1972 Richard B. Sherman / IjlaP tv - t Thad W. Tate W. W. Abbot ii Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. PLEASE NOTE: Some pages may have Indistinct print. Filmed as received. University Microfilms, A Xerox Education Company Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ACKNOWLEDGMENTS .................................... iv LIST OF TABLES ................ vi LIST OF GBAPHS AND CHARTS ............................ vii LIST OF M A P S ....................................... viii ABSTRACT ......................................... ix CHAPTER I. APPROACHING THE SOUTHSIDE............... 2 1. The Southsi&e: Problems, Issues, Method ................. 2 2. The Southsides 1703-1753 ....... 12 CHAPTER II. THE EXPANSION OF THE SOUTHSIDE.......... 28 CHAPTER III. TAKING UP THE L A N D .................. 56 CHAPTER IV. SOUTHSIDE SOCIETY ....................... 110 CHAPTER V. THE ECONOMIC LIFE OF THE SOUTHSIDE .... 172 CHAPTER VI. CONCLUSION.............................. 2l6 APPENDIX A ............................... 224- APPENDIX B ............................................226 BIBLIOGRAPHY.......................................... 232 iii Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The process of completing this dissertation has in­ debted me to many different people for their kind help. The resources and help given by the Besearch Department of Colonial Williamsburg under Dr. Edward M. Biley and es­ pecially that of Harold Gill is most appreciated. I am also indebted to Colonial Williamsburg Foundation for a Summer Besearch Grant in 1970 which speeded my research. Die staff of the Manuscripts Division of the Virginia State Library, notably Donald Morecock, were more than help­ ful in handling the constant borrowing of microfilm. Mrs. Sarah Eckhaus of the William and Mary Computer center listened patiently, gave of her time and office space, and wrote the computer programs used in this study. I am also indebted to the readers of this study, John E. Selby, ✓ Bichard 3. Sherman, Thad W. Tate and W. W. Abbot, for their helpful and useful criticisms and their verbal contri­ butions while the study was progressing. My greatest academic debt, however, is to Professor Bichard Maxwell Brown who suggested the topic of the Southside. His direction, criticisms, proddings, and encouragements and the amazing speed with which he returned chapters are the Iv Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. envy of my colleagues, and worthy of my greatest thanks. Last, hut most importantly, I am indebted to Linda whose kind, understanding, and selfless attitudes and ways, hastened the completion of this dissertation. Now that it is done she can truly feel liberated. v Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. LIST OF TABLES Table Page 1. Numerical Distribution of Patents Over Five Year Periods .........................4-1 2. Southside Tithables 1703-1755 . .-........... 4-4- 3. Keans of First Acquiring L a n d .................. 66 4-. Users of the Patent Process .............. 70 5. Size Distribution of Southside Land Patents 1703-1753 80 6 . Distribution of Southside Land Patents by County 1703-1753 ............. 82 7. Land Sales of Samuel Cobbs 174-2-174-8 ...... 93 8 . Land Sales in Brunswick County August 174-6-August 174-7 .......... 95 9. Land Sales in Lunenburg County August 174-6-August 174-7................... 96 10. Land Sales in Amelia County- August 174-6-August 174-7................... 98 11. First Purchases of Lunenburg County Tithables 1750 100 12. Slaves Held by Mobile and Nonmobile Resident Tithables in Amelia County in 1736 113 13. Tithable Slave Distribution Among Resident Tithepayers ......... 203 14-. Tithable Slave Distribution Among Nonresident Owners ..................... 205 vi Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. LIST OF GBAPHS AND CHABTS Graph Page 1. Virginia Population 1690-1760 ............ , 42 Chart 1. Southside County Formation, 1703-175^ . 40 2. Distribution of Evaluated Inventoried W e a l t h ........................ 125 3. Distribution of Tithable Slaves ............ 127 4. Distribution of Tithables Among Selfpaying Besident Tithables .... 130 5. Distribution of L a n d ................... 134 vii Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. LIST OF MAPS Page Southside Virginia in 1750 ............. 5 Virginia Sources of Southside White Population c. 1730-50 ..................... 48 viii Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. ABSTRACT The Southside is usually defined as the area of Virginia lying south of the James River and east of the Blue Ridge Mountains and has the reputation of being the Old Dominion's section that is most like the Deep South. This study is concerned with the piedmont portion of the Southside contained within the boundaries of the original Prince George County created in 1703. Based on an intensive use of the local records and assisted by a computer, this investigation details the process and pace of the extension of white settlement into the Southside in the half century following 1703. The Southside had a very slow growth and expansion during the first third of the century. However, by about 1740 the population of the Southside began to increase at a very rapid rate.
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