Henry Shapiro Papers

A Finding Aid to the Collection in the Library of Congress

Manuscript Division, Library of Congress Washington, D.C. 2007 Revised 2010 April

Contact information: http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.mss/mss.contact

Additional search options available at: http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.mss/eadmss.ms003072

LC Online Catalog record: http://lccn.loc.gov/mm95082704

Prepared by Michael Spangler with the assistance of Donnelly Lancaster, Lisa Madison, and Karen Spicher Revised and expanded by Nicholas Newlin Collection Summary Title: Henry Shapiro Papers Span Dates: 1920-1992 Bulk Dates: (bulk 1931-1973) ID No.: MSS82704 Creator: Shapiro, Henry, 1906-1991 Extent: 51,500 items ; 151 containers plus 1 oversize ; 61.8 linear feet Language: Collection material in English Location: Manuscript Division, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. Summary: Journalist. Correspondence, wire service reports, reference files, speeches and writings, and personal files pertaining to Henry Shapiro's career and writings as chief correspondent in the Moscow bureau of United Press International from the 1930s to the 1970s.

Selected Search Terms The following terms have been used to index the description of this collection in the Library's online catalog. They are grouped by name of person or organization, by subject or location, and by occupation and listed alphabetically therein. People Brezhnev, Leonid Ilʹich, 1906-1982. Castro, Fidel, 1926- Ceaușescu, Nicolae. Cronkite, Walter. Walter Cronkite papers. Daniloff, Nicholas, 1934- --Correspondence. Khrushchev, Nikita Sergeevich, 1894-1971. Kádár, János, 1912- Lyons, Eugene, 1898-1985. Eugene Lyons papers. Shapiro, Henry, 1906-1991. Shapiro, Henry, 1906-1991. L.U.R.S.S. après Staline. 1954. Stalin, Joseph, 1879-1953. Organizations United Press International. Subjects Aeronautics--Soviet Union. Agriculture--Soviet Union. Civil rights. Cold War. Education. Elections--Soviet Union. Espionage--Soviet Union. Foreign correspondents--Russia (Federation)--Moscow. International relations. Jews--Migrations. Jews--Soviet Union. Science--Soviet Union. Trials--Soviet Union. Vietnam War, 1961-1975. Places China--Foreign relations--Soviet Union. Cuba--Foreign relations--Soviet Union. Soviet Union--Economic conditions.

Henry Shapiro Papers 2 Soviet Union--Foreign relations--China. Soviet Union--Foreign relations--Cuba. Soviet Union--Foreign relations--United States. Soviet Union--Foreign relations. Soviet Union--History--German occupation, 1941-1944. Soviet Union--History. Soviet Union--Politics and government. Soviet Union--Social conditions. Soviet Union--Social life and customs. United States--Foreign relations--Soviet Union. Occupations Journalists.

Administrative Information Provenance The papers of Henry Shapiro, journalist and Moscow correspondent, were given to the Library of Congress in 1994, 1996, and 1998 by his wife, Ludmilla Shapiro. Processing History The papers of Henry Shapiro were arranged and described in 1995. Additional material received between 1996 and 1998 was incorporated into the collection in 2000 and 2007. Additional Guides A description of the Shapiro Papers appears in Library of Congress Acquisitions: Manuscript Division, 1994-1995, pp. 38-39. Transfers Sound recordings of interviews and lectures have been transferred to the Library's Motion Picture, Broadcasting, and Recorded Sound Division where they are identified as part of this collection. Copyright Status Copyright in the unpublished writings of Henry Shapiro in these papers is reserved. Consult a reference librarian in the Manuscript Division for further information. Access and Restrictions The papers of Henry Shapiro are open to research. Researchers are advised to contact the Manuscript Reading Room prior to visiting. Many collections are stored off-site and advance notice is needed to retrieve these items for research use. Preferred Citation Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: Container number, Henry Shapiro Papers, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.

Biographical Note Date Event 1906, Apr. 19 Born, Vaslui, Romania

1920 Emigrated to United States

Henry Shapiro Papers 3 1928 Naturalized United States citizen

1929 A.B., College of the City of New York, New York, N.Y.

1932 J.D., Harvard University Law School, Cambridge, Mass.

1933 Studied at Moscow Law Institute, Moscow, USSR

1934-1937 Moscow correspondent, New York Herald Tribune, Morning Post of London, and Reuters of London

1937-1973 Chief correspondent and manager of Moscow bureau, United Press International

1937 Married Ludmilla Nikitina

1942 First American correspondent to file an eyewitness report from the Battle of Stalingrad

1953 First westerner to report Joseph Stalin's death

1954 Published L'U.R.S.S. après Staline (n.p.: Gallimard. 254 pp.)

1955 Nieman Fellow, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass.

1962-1963 Visiting lecturer, University of California, Berkeley, Calif.

1973 Retired from United Press International and moved to Madison, Wis.

1973-1979 Kemper K. Knapp professor and adjunct professor, University of Wisconsin School of Journalism, Madison, Wis.

1991, Apr. 4 Died, Madison, Wis.

Scope and Content Note The papers of Henry Shapiro (1906-1991) span the years 1920-1992 with most of the material concentrated between 1931 and 1973. The collection focuses principally on Shapiro's long career as United Press International's chief Moscow correspondent and bureau manager. Present during the regimes of Joseph Stalin, Nikita Khrushchev, and Leonid Brezhnev, Shapiro reported on a range of issues pertaining to Soviet society as well as many of the major events which shaped East/ West relations during this period. The papers include wire service reports, reference files, correspondence, articles, lectures, a memoir, notes, and personal files organized in five series: Personal File, United Press International (UPI) Moscow Bureau, Speeches and Writings File, Additions, and Oversize. The collection includes English and Russian language material. The Personal File provides a biographical profile of Shapiro based on correspondence, scrapbooks, clippings, photographs, and other material. Correspondence in the series is primarily with friends and colleagues concerning visits and travel plans. Other letters pertain to arrangements for lectures and issues related to publishing Shapiro's articles. The scrapbooks include material pertaining to his entire career as well as numerous felicitations on his retirement in 1973. Shapiro's files from the United Press International Moscow Bureau constitute the heart of the collection. Shortly after arriving in Moscow in 1933 and briefly studying Soviet law, Shapiro became a correspondent for Reuters of London and the New York Herald Tribune. In 1937 he was hired by UPI and was appointed manager of its Moscow bureau in 1939. He

Henry Shapiro Papers 4 retained that position until his retirement in 1973, concluding an unusually long career in a world capital in which foreign correspondents typically had much shorter periods of duty. The Administrative File of the Moscow Bureau series reflects the organizational and financial aspects of the bureau documented in correspondence and memoranda regarding assignments, arrangements for interviews, and communications with other UPI offices and personnel. The file also includes financial records and contracts with Soviet personnel. The Reference File includes Russian language newspaper clippings, printed matter, notes, and wire service reports pertaining to virtually every aspect of Soviet life and society. Because contact with many typical news sources was not available to Western reporters, Soviet newspapers and magazines were an important source of supplemental information and background material. Whitman Bassow, a UPI Moscow correspondent in the 1950s, notes in his book The Moscow Correspondents that "the key to comprehensive reporting was always the clipping file from the Soviet press and magazines and notes compiled by reporters." * Notable and extensive material in the Reference File pertains to agriculture, trials during the 1930s, biographies, Jews and Jewish emigration from the Soviet Union, elections, espionage, and the regime of Nikita Khrushchev. Foreign relations are documented by considerable material regarding Soviet relations with the United States and China. Files pertaining to China contain many reports on the deterioration of Sino-Soviet relations during the early 1960s. * Bassow, Whitman, The Moscow Correspondents (New York: W. Morrow, c.1988), 299. The Wire Service Reports in the UPI series were filed by the Moscow Bureau from 1931 to 1971. Although there are numerous gaps, the reports provide a comprehensive account of the Soviet Union during that time. The reports were often rewritten and shortened by editors in the United States, adding to the historical significance of the copies retained by Shapiro. There are a few incoming cable and telegraph messages from UPI's New York office from 1946 to 1948, but the file is primarily composed of the Moscow bureau's outgoing stories. Eugene Lyons, a predecessor of Shapiro's at UPI and an early Soviet sympathizer who left the Soviet Union in disillusionment in 1934, wrote many of the reports from 1931 to 1933. Reports from the mid-1930s cover social and economic conditions, foreign policy, political struggles, scientific advances, and aeronautical achievements. Events leading up to Germany's invasion of Russia are chronicled from 1939 through the summer of 1941. Reports are absent for 1942-1945, but resume in 1946 with many written by Walter Cronkite, who served as a UPI correspondent from 1946 to 1948. Shapiro was one of the few American reporters who remained in Moscow as the Cold War intensified during the late 1940s and early 1950s. Reports during the 1950s and 1960s are fairly complete and reflect the heightened tensions between the USSR and the United States. Prominent topics during this period include the rise and fall of Nikita Khrushchev, internal Soviet politics, the breakdown of relations with China, Fidel Castro and Cuba, the exploration of outer space, economic and domestic policies, Leonid Brezhnev's ascent to power, and the Viet Nam conflict. The Speeches and Writings File contains drafts and printed copies of Shapiro's articles and drafts and newspaper serializations of his book, L'U.R.S.S. après Staline. Also included are interviews with Nikita Khrushchev (1957), Hungary's János Kádár (1966), and Nicolae Ceausescu (1972). After retiring from UPI, Shapiro continued to travel and lecture on the Soviet Union, and his files contain lecture notes and other related material. Other files include notes on détente, politics, and ideology, and a transcript of Shapiro's memoir recorded by the American Jewish Committee. Addition I supplements the collection with correspondence, reference files, wire service reports, and speeches and writings files. The correspondence is composed chiefly of personal letters from professional colleagues and friends, including journalist Nicholas Daniloff during the early 1980s, and copies of some of Shapiro's letters. Reference files contain background material pertaining to Russian leaders, civil rights, education, and international incidents. The speeches and writings file includes draft articles, book projects, interviews, and material related to Shapiro's lecture schedule. Wire service reports relate primarily to relations between the United States and the Soviet Union during the 1960s. Noteooks in Addition II include handwritten notes from press conferences and interviews with Soviet officials as well as observations on conditions in the Soviet Union.

Organization of the Papers The collection is arranged in five series: • Personal File, 1939-1992 • United Press International, Moscow Bureau, 1920-1973

Henry Shapiro Papers 5 • Speeches and Writings File, 1937-1987 • Additions, 1931-1990 • Oversize, 1954

Henry Shapiro Papers 6 Description of Series

Container Series BOX 1-3 Personal File, 1939-1992 Correspondence, biographical material, clippings, photographs, scrapbooks, and miscellany. Arranged alphabetically by topic or type of material and chronologically therein.

BOX 4-133 United Press International, Moscow Bureau, 1920-1973

BOX 4-5 Administrative File, 1954-1973 Correspondence, financial records, and newsletters. Arranged alphabetically by type of material and chronologically therein.

BOX 6-25 Reference File, 1920-1973 Clippings, printed matter, notes, wire service reports, and miscellany. Arranged alphabetically by topic.

BOX 26-133 Wire Service Reports, 1931-1971 Copies of cables and telegrams. Organized by month and year as filed by Shapiro.

BOX 134-138 Speeches and Writings File, 1937-1987 Articles, book, interviews, lectures, memoir, and notes. Arranged alphabetically by type of material and chronologically therein.

BOX 139-148 Additions, 1931-1990 Two additions containing correspondence, notebooks, reference files, speeches and writings, wire service reports, photographs, personal file, and miscellany. Arranged by addition and alphabetically by type of material or topic therein.

BOX OV 1 Oversize, 1954 Newspaper serializations of Shapiro's book, L'U.R.S.S. après Staline. Arranged and described according to the series, containers, and folders from which the items were removed.

Henry Shapiro Papers 7 Container List

Container Contents

BOX 1-3 Personal File, 1939-1992 Correspondence, biographical material, clippings, photographs, scrapbooks, and miscellany. Arranged alphabetically by topic or type of material and chronologically therein.

BOX 1 Art collection, 1973-1984, undated Biographical material, 1960-1991, undated Calling cards, undated Clippings, 1944-1992, undated (2 folders) Contracts, 1954, 1972 Correspondence 1942-1972 (8 folders) BOX 2 1973-1992, undated (6 folders) Invitations, 1962-1977, undated (2 folders) Korotich, Vitaly, 1977, 1987, undated BOX 3 Miscellany, 1960-1974 (2 folders) Photographs, 1954-1981, undated (4 folders) Scrapbooks, 1939-1973 (4 folders) Solzhenitsyn, Aleksandr, in the United States, 1975, undated

BOX 4-133 United Press International, Moscow Bureau, 1920-1973

BOX 4-5 Administrative File, 1954-1973 Correspondence, financial records, and newsletters. Arranged alphabetically by type of material and chronologically therein.

BOX 4 Contracts with Soviet personnel, 1966-1969, undated Correspondence 1954-1969 (9 folders) BOX 5 1970-1973, undated (3 folders) Financial records, 1966-1971, undated (4 folders) Internal newsletters, 1957-1973, undated (2 folders)

Henry Shapiro Papers 8 United Press International, Moscow Bureau, 1920-1973 Container Contents

BOX 6-25 Reference File, 1920-1973 Clippings, printed matter, notes, wire service reports, and miscellany. Arranged alphabetically by topic.

BOX 6 Abortion, 1936-1937, undated Aeronautics Civil, 1937-1938, undated Defense, 1935 Dirigibles, 1931-1935, undated Long-distance flights, 1933-1937, undated Osoaviakhim (Society for Air and Chemical Defense), 1935-1936, undated Parachutes, 1937, undated Sports, 1935-1936, undated Stratosphere, 1934-1938, undated Agricultural exhibition, 1939, undated Agriculture Collective farms, 1930-1937, undated Cotton, 1935-1939, undated Crops, 1935 Flax, 1931-1937, undated General, 1927-1953, undated (6 folders) BOX 7 (2 folders) Grain, 1931, undated Livestock, 1932-1938, undated Alcohol, 1937, undated Alimony, 1935-1936 Amenities, 1937, undated Anglo-American School, Moscow, 1934-1935 Animals and birds, 1954-1970 Architecture, 1934-1937, undated Arctic regions General, 1934-1939, undated Northeast passage, 1933-1934, undated Armed forces, 1930-1947, undated (3 folders) Art, 1930-1957, undated Artels, 1935, undated "A" miscellaneous, 1934-1935, undated BOX 8 Baltic Sea, 1939-1944 Bazaars, 1932-1937 Bibliographies, 1930-1931, undated Biographies Architects, 1937, undated Armed forces, 1935-1938, undated Chubar, Vlas Yakovlevich, undated Engineers, 1937-1938, undated

Henry Shapiro Papers 9 United Press International, Moscow Bureau, 1920-1973 Container Contents

Industrialists, 1937-1938, undated Kaganovitch, Lazar M. and Maria, 1933-1940, undated Kalinin, Mikhail Ivanovitch, 1935-1940, undated Khrushchev, Nikita See Container 17, same heading Miscellaneous, 1932-1948, undated (4 folders) Molotov, Vyacheslav M., and Polina Semenova Zhemchujina, 1938-1940, undated People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs (NKVD), 1937-1938, undated BOX 9 Politicians, 1937-1940, undated Pushkin, Aleksandr S., undated Scientists, 1937-1941, undated Stalin, Joseph See Container 21, same heading Trotsky, Leon See Container 23, same heading Tukhachevski, Mikhail, 1935 Voroshilov, Kliment Yefremovitch, 1935-1941, undated Women, 1932-1947, undated Birth rate, 1937 Bureaucracy, 1932-1937 "B" miscellaneous, 1935-1936, undated Cable and telephone rates, 1935, undated Census, 1937-1939, undated Children, 1930-1935, undated Citizens' rights, undated Communist International, 1928-1937, undated Communist party Central Committee Plenum, 1937-1938, undated (2 folders) General, 1933-1967, undated Competition under socialism, 1935, undated Comsomols, 1937, undated Constitution, 1936-1937, undated Crime, 1934-1961, undated Cultural development, 1934, undated "C" miscellaneous, 1931-1935, undated Distinguished visitors, 1931-1938 "D" miscellaneous, 1931-1935, undated Editorials in Soviet press, 1935 BOX 10 Elections, 1954-1968, undated Electrification, 1931-1938, 1967, undated Espionage General, 1955-1971, undated Powers, Francis Gary, 1960-1965 Expulsions, 1956-1970, undated "E" miscellaneous, 1930-1937, 1960 Family, 1934-1969, undated (2 folders) Fashion, 1936-1966, undated

Henry Shapiro Papers 10 United Press International, Moscow Bureau, 1920-1973 Container Contents

Finance General, 1931-1938, 1957-1961, undated Internal loans, 1931-1938, undated Five Year Plans First, 1933 BOX 11 Third, 1937-1939, undated General, 1956-1960, undated Food, 1955-1967, undated Food industry, 1931-1937 Forced labor, undated Foreign aid, 1956-1967, undated Foreign relations Abyssinia See Container 13, Ethiopia Afghanistan, 1929-1948, undated Albania, 1945-1949, undated Belgium, 1941-1949, undated China Chinese polemics, 1963-1964, undated Clippings, 1927-1972, undated (4 folders) Communist party, 1963-1964, undated "Daily Review of Soviet Press," 1955-1964 (2 folders) BOX 12 Expulsion of Chinese diplomats, 1963 Miscellany, 1954-1964, undated Negotiations in Moscow, 1963 Sinkiang Province, 1934-1935, undated Soviet strategy, 1963-1964, undated Wire service reports, circa 1930s, 1956-1973, undated (10 folders) BOX 13 Council of Ministers of Foreign Affairs, 1937-1949, undated Czechoslovakia, 1930-1937 Ethiopia (Abyssinia), 1930-1935 France, 1931-1937, undated General, 1937-1970, undated (3 folders) Germany Berlin, 1945-1949 General, 1930-1935, 1947, undated German-Japanese Pact, 1936-1937 Great Britain, 1931-1939 India, 1930, 1967, undated (2 folders) Italy, 1930-1931, undated Japan, 1930-1939, undated For additional material see same container, German-Japanese Pact League of Nations, 1931-1934, undated

Henry Shapiro Papers 11 United Press International, Moscow Bureau, 1920-1973 Container Contents

Manchuria, 1931-1932 BOX 14 Miscellaneous countries, 1931-1947, undated Mongolia, 1935-1937, undated Romania, 1931-1935, 1965, undated (2 folders) Spain, 1937, undated Turkey, 1931-1937, undated United States Americans in the Soviet Union, 1935-1937, undated Communist Party of America, 1931-1937 Davies, Joseph E., 1937-1938, undated Diplomacy, 1920-1947, undated (3 folders) Diplomatic recognition, 1933, undated General, 1940-1969, undated (3 folders) Meshlauk, Valery I., Vice Chairman, Supreme Economic Council, interview, 1931-1932 BOX 15 Soviet press coverage, 1933-1937, undated Trade, 1931-1937, undated Foreign trade, 1931-1938, undated Furnishings, 1954-1957 "F" miscellaneous, 1935, 1946, undated Geology, 1937 Government structure, 1934-1937, undated Graft, 1956-1957, undated "G" miscellaneous, 1932-1968 Health, 1935-1937 History, 1937-1938, 1954-1971, undated (2 folders) Holidays General, 1956-1969, undated May Day, 1935 Housing, 1931-1970 "H" miscellaneous, 1935-1937, 1970, undated Ideology, 1956-1972 See also Container 138, same heading BOX 16 Industry Foreign specialists, 1930-1931 General, 1935-1968 Heavy, 1931-1937 Light, 1935-1937 Stalin Steel Works at Magnitogorsk, 1931-1938, undated Inheritance, 1937, undated Inventions, 1931-1936, undated Jews For additional material see Container 136, University of Wisconsin Birobidzhan, USSR, 1934-1937, undated

Henry Shapiro Papers 12 United Press International, Moscow Bureau, 1920-1973 Container Contents

Emigration, 1972, undated (2 folders) General, 1935-1973, undated (4 folders) Journalists Hughes, Alice, 1933 Lyons, Eugene, 1932-1933, undated BOX 17 Khrushchev, Nikita Clippings, 1956-1964, undated (2 folders) Miscellany, 1954-1964 Wire service reports, 1958-1973, undated (6 folders) Kremlin, 1935-1937, undated "K" miscellaneous, 1931-1935, undated Law, 1935-1970, undated (2 folders) Leningrad, USSR, 1935 Libraries, 1934-1935, undated BOX 18 Literature, 1931-1945, undated Marxism, Leninism, and Stalinism, 1931-1937, undated Medicine, 1954-1965, undated Metallurgy, 1939-1947, undated Mineral resources General, 1945-1947 Gold and silver, 1931-1937, undated Moscow, USSR General, 1930-1947, undated (3 folders) Subway, 1934-1937 Motion pictures, 1931-1939, undated (2 folders) Municipal construction, 1945-1947 Music, 1930-1938, undated "M" miscellaneous, 1930-1935, 1958, undated BOX 19 Natural resources Fish, 1937, undated General, 1934-1962, undated Rubber, 1932-1941, undated Timber, 1931-1937, 1966-1967, undated "N" miscellaneous, 1930-1937 Parks, 1931-1935 Personalities, 1946, undated Pioneers, undated Police, 1955-1966, undated Politburo, 1929-1932, undated Political appointments, 1937-1938, undated

Henry Shapiro Papers 13 United Press International, Moscow Bureau, 1920-1973 Container Contents

Politodels Population, 1930-1936, 1972 Psychology, 1930-1965 Publishing, 1937-1938, undated Purges, undated For additional material see Containers 22-23, Trials "P" miscellaneous, 1931-1937, 1960 Radio, 1931-1937, undated Railroads Chinese Eastern Railway, 1931-1934, undated General, 1930-1939, undated Rasputin, Grigori E., death, undated Religion Antireligion campaigns, 1930-1938, undated (2 folders) General, 1931-1969, undated (2 folders) BOX 20 (4 folders) Icons, 1930-1932 Jews See Container 16, same heading Repatriation, 1954-1964, undated Roads, 1936-1938 Russian Far East, 1936-1938, undated "R" miscellaneous, 1930-1937 Science Experiments, 1933-1938, undated General, 1946-1947, 1960, undated (2 folders) Outer space, 1969-1972 Priorities, 1930, 1949-1951, undated (2 folders) Soviet Academy of Sciences, 1935-1938, undated BOX 21 Siberia, 1933-1972, undated Slogans, 1934-1935 Social insurance, 1937-1939 Socialists, 1956, 1965 Soviet autonomous republics Bashkiria, 1941-1948 Karelia, 1932-1937 Kirgizstan, 1937-1938 Soviet republics Armenia, 1931-1937, undated Belarus, 1942-1950, undated Georgia, 1937, 1946-1947, undated Kazakhstan, 1934-1938, undated Tajikistan, 1930-1934 Turkestan, 1930-1934, undated Ukraine, 1937-1939, undated

Henry Shapiro Papers 14 United Press International, Moscow Bureau, 1920-1973 Container Contents

Uzbekistan, 1930-1938 Speeches, 1932-1947 Sports, 1933-1947, undated (3 folders) Stalin, Joseph General, 1930-1947, undated Interview by Roy W. Howard, 1936 Speeches, 1931-1939 BOX 22 Standard of living, 1931-1937, undated Supreme Soviet of the USSR Elections and candidates, 1945-1950 (3 folders) General, 1938, undated "S" miscellaneous, 1935-1937, undated Stalingrad, USSR, 1931, undated Taxes, 1935-1937 Textiles, 1937-1939 Theater Bolshoi Theater, 1934-1938, undated General, 1930-1938, undated (2 folders) Mei, Lan-fang, undated Meyerhold, Vsevolod E., 1937, undated Moscow Art Theater, 1937-1938, undated Shakespeare, William, performed in the Soviet Union, 1935, undated Trade unions, 1934-1938, undated Trials Bukharin, Nikolai, 1938, undated (2 folders) BOX 23 Khabarovsk, USSR, trials, 1949-1950 Mensheviks, 1931 Miscellaneous, 1935-1954, undated Ramsin, Leonid, 1930-1932 Rightist-Trotskyist Bloc Clippings, 1937-1940, undated (2 folders) Wire service reports, 1936-1938 (2 folders) Zinoviev, Grigorii, and Lev Kamenev, 1936 Trotsky, Leon, 1929-1937 "T" miscellaneous, 1931-1939 "U-V" miscellaneous, 1930-1939 Wages, 1931-1938, undated Water transportation General, 1934-1939, undated Moscow-Volga Canal, 1935-1937, undated Women

Henry Shapiro Papers 15 United Press International, Moscow Bureau, 1920-1973 Container Contents

General, 1930-1938, undated Maternity, 1935-1936, undated Matrimony, 1947-1949, undated BOX 24 World War II, 1960-1970, undated (2 folders) "Wrecking," subversive activities, 1937, undated "W" miscellaneous, 1934-1939 "Y" miscellaneous, 1935-1937 Unidentified Clippings, 1931-1973, undated (7 folders) BOX 25 (2 folders) Russian documents, undated Russian printed matter, 1959-1973, undated

BOX 26-133 Wire Service Reports, 1931-1971 Copies of cables and telegrams. Organized by month and year as filed by Shapiro.

BOX 26 Incoming messages 1946, Nov. circa 1946, Jan.-circa1948, Dec. (4 folders) 1947 Jan.-May (6 folders) BOX 27 June-Sept. (3 folders) 1948, Jan.-Apr. (3 folders) Outgoing 1931, Jan.-Dec. (9 folders) BOX 28 circa 1931, Jan.-circa 1933, Dec. (12 folders) BOX 29 1932, Jan.-1933, Oct. (17 folders) BOX 30 1935, Dec.-1938, Dec. (14 folders) 1939 Jan.-Mar. (3 folders) BOX 31 Apr.-Dec. (12 folders) BOX 32 1940, Jan.-1941, Aug. (10 folders) circa 1941 (2 folders)

Henry Shapiro Papers 16 United Press International, Moscow Bureau, 1920-1973 Container Contents

BOX 33 circa 1946, Jan.-circa 1948, Dec. (12 folders) BOX 34 1946, Oct.-Dec. (12 folders) BOX 35 1947 Jan.-Feb. (5 folders) Mar.-Apr. (8 folders) BOX 36 (12 folders) BOX 37 (8 folders) May (3 folders) BOX 38 June-Nov. (12 folders) BOX 39 Dec. (4 folders) 1948 Jan.-Mar. (8 folders) BOX 40 Apr.-July (9 folders) Aug. (3 folders) BOX 41 (3 folders) Sept.-Nov. (8 folders) BOX 42 Dec. (2 folders) 1949 Jan.-Feb. (7 folders) BOX 43 Mar.-May (14 folders) BOX 44 June-Sept. (13 folders) BOX 45 Oct.-Dec. (11 folders) BOX 46 1950, Jan.-Mar. (12 folders) BOX 47 1952 Feb.-Aug. (14 folders) BOX 48 Sept.-Dec. (8 folders) 1953, Nov. 1954

Henry Shapiro Papers 17 United Press International, Moscow Bureau, 1920-1973 Container Contents

Jan.-Mar. (4 folders) BOX 49 Apr.-Dec. (9 folders) 1955 Jan.-Sept. (7 folders) BOX 50 Oct.-Dec. (7 folders) 1956, Aug. (4 folders) 1957 May (2 folders) BOX 51 June-Oct. (10 folders) BOX 52 1961 Aug., Nov. (12 folders) BOX 53 Dec. (5 folders) 1962 May-June (6 folders) BOX 54 July-Aug. (14 folders) BOX 55 Sept. (8 folders) 1963 Jan. (6 folders) BOX 56 Feb.-Apr. (12 folders) BOX 57 May-June (11 folders) BOX 58 July (14 folders) BOX 59 Aug., Oct. (12 folders) BOX 60 Nov. (12 folders) BOX 61 Dec. (15 folders) BOX 62 1964 Jan. (11 folders) Feb. (3 folders)

Henry Shapiro Papers 18 United Press International, Moscow Bureau, 1920-1973 Container Contents

BOX 63 (5 folders) Mar. (11 folders) BOX 64 Apr., June-July (16 folders) Aug. (4 folders) BOX 65 (2 folders) 1965 Jan. (13 folders) BOX 66 (4 folders) Feb. (11 folders) BOX 67 (9 folders) Mar. (7 folders) BOX 68 (12 folders) Apr. (2 folders) BOX 69 (14 folders) BOX 70 May (16 folders) BOX 71 June (10 folders) July (3 folders) BOX 72 (12 folders) Aug. (3 folders) BOX 73 (8 folders) Dec. (5 folders) BOX 74 1966 Jan. (15 folders) BOX 75 Feb. (12 folders) BOX 76 Mar. (12 folders) BOX 77 Apr.-June (13 folders) BOX 78 July (11 folders) BOX 79 (4 folders) Aug. (8 folders) BOX 80 (10 folders)

Henry Shapiro Papers 19 United Press International, Moscow Bureau, 1920-1973 Container Contents

Sept. (8 folders) BOX 81 (12 folders) Oct. (4 folders) BOX 82 (16 folders) BOX 83 Nov. (13 folders) BOX 84 (5 folders) Dec. (7 folders) BOX 85 (15 folders) BOX 86 1967 Jan. (13 folders) BOX 87 (7 folders) Feb. (7 folders) BOX 88 (10 folders) Mar. (5 folders) BOX 89 (15 folders) BOX 90 (2 folders) Apr. (13 folders) BOX 91 (8 folders) May (6 folders) BOX 92 (14 folders) BOX 93 (2 folders) June (13 folders) BOX 94 (13 folders) BOX 95 July (12 folders) BOX 96 (6 folders) Aug. (11 folders) BOX 97 Sept. (14 folders) BOX 98 (3 folders) Oct. (10 folders) BOX 99 (9 folders) Nov. (5 folders) BOX 100 (5 folders) Dec. (9 folders)

Henry Shapiro Papers 20 United Press International, Moscow Bureau, 1920-1973 Container Contents

BOX 101 (3 folders) 1968 Jan. (9 folders) BOX 102 (4 folders) Feb. (8 folders) BOX 103 Mar. (10 folders) BOX 104 Apr. (12 folders) BOX 105 May (10 folders) BOX 106 June (12 folders) BOX 107 July (10 folders) BOX 108 (5 folders) Aug. (6 folders) BOX 109 (8 folders) Sept. (3 folders) BOX 110 (7 folders) Oct. (5 folders) BOX 111 (5 folders) Nov. (5 folders) BOX 112 (4 folders) Dec. (7 folders) BOX 113 1969 Jan. (11 folders) BOX 114 Feb. (7 folders) Mar. (3 folders) BOX 115 (4 folders) Apr. (7 folders) BOX 116 May-June (12 folders) BOX 117 July (7 folders) Aug. (3 folders)

Henry Shapiro Papers 21 United Press International, Moscow Bureau, 1920-1973 Container Contents

BOX 118 (3 folders) Sept. (6 folders) Oct. (4 folders) BOX 119 (5 folders) Nov. (6 folders) BOX 120 Dec. (6 folders) 1970 Jan. (6 folders) BOX 121 Feb.-Mar. (12 folders) BOX 122 Apr. (9 folders) BOX 123 May (6 folders) June (4 folders) BOX 124 (4 folders) July (8 folders) BOX 125 Aug.-Sept. (12 folders) BOX 126 Oct. (8 folders) Nov. (2 folders) BOX 127 (3 folders) Dec. (6 folders) 1971 Jan. (3 folders) BOX 128 (3 folders) Feb.-Mar. (10 folders) BOX 129 Apr.-May (13 folders) BOX 130 June-July (11 folders) BOX 131 Aug.-Oct. (11 folders) BOX 132 Undated (9 folders)

Henry Shapiro Papers 22 United Press International, Moscow Bureau, 1920-1973 Container Contents

BOX 133 (9 folders)

BOX 134-138 Speeches and Writings File, 1937-1987 Articles, book, interviews, lectures, memoir, and notes. Arranged alphabetically by type of material and chronologically therein.

BOX 134 Articles Drafts, 1947-1985, undated (14 folders) BOX 135 Printed, 1947-1987, undated (9 folders) Book, L'U.R.S.S. après Staline Drafts, 1954 (3 folders) Posters, undated Serializations, 1954 See also Oversize (5 folders) BOX 136 Fragments, 1974, undated (2 folders) Interviews, 1957-1978, undated (3 folders) Lectures Clippings, 1946-1977, undated Engagements Creighton University, Omaha, Nebr., 1983 Milwaukee Journal, Milwaukee, Wis., 1974 University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, 1980-1984 University of Miami, Miami, Fla., 1975 University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis., 1965-1978 (2 folders) Programs and announcements, 1944-1983, undated (2 folders) BOX 137 Questions, 1944 Notes, 1974-1985, undated (3 folders) Memoir, 1977-1978 (2 folders) BOX 138 Notes Détente, undated Economy, undated Ideology, undated See also Container 15, same heading Miscellaneous, undated (2 folders) Politics, undated Various countries, undated Writings by others, 1937-1973, undated (2 folders)

Henry Shapiro Papers 23 Speeches and Writings File, 1937-1987 Container Contents

Unidentified, 1958-1972, undated (2 folders)

BOX 139 Addition I Correspondence, 1942-1990, undated (16 folders) BOX 140 Miscellany, 1943-1977, undated (2 folders) Nieman Foundation for Journalism, 1948, 1954, undated Personal file, 1953-1983, undated Photographs and drawing, 1963-1979, undated BOX 141 Reference file Art, literature, and theater, 1953, undated Beriia, L. P., 1953, undated Bulganin, Nikolay A. Clippings, 1955-1958, undated Miscellany, 1955-1963 (3 folders) China, 1962-1963 (3 folders) Civil rights, 1936-1953, undated Education Clippings, 1954-1967, undated Miscellany, 1954-1967, undated (2 folders) Espionage, 1965-1969, undated Germany Berlin conference, 1945 Defeat, 1945 Great Britain, visit of Nikita Khrushchev and Nikolay A. Bulganin, 1956 BOX 142 International incidents Industry, 1956-1966 Clippings, 1954-1967 Miscellany, 1959-1969, undated Jews, 1937-1939, undated Kosygin, Aleksey N., 1955-1968, undated (2 folders) Maritime commerce, 1961-1969, undated Miscellany Articles and reports, 1938-1954, 1972, undated (3 folders) Clippings, 1945-1979, undated

Henry Shapiro Papers 24 Additions, 1931-1990 Container Contents

Wire service reports, 1933-1969, undated (2 folders) Molotov, Vyacheslav M. Clippings, 1955-1968, undated Miscellany, 1954-1969, undated Poland, 1945, undated BOX 143 Stalin, Joseph Clippings, 1931-1961, undated (6 folders) Miscellany, 1948, 1955-1970, undated (2 folders) Zhukov, Georgii K., 1955-1956, 1969 BOX 144 Speeches and writings file Articles Drafts, 1955-1984, undated (6 folders) Printed, 1942-1984, undated (2 folders) Books Memoirs, correspondence and notes, 1942-1973, undated Miscellany, 1948-1963, undated Project with Arthur Goodfriend, drafts, undated (3 folders) BOX 145 L'U.R.S.S. après Staline, drafts, 1954 (4 folders) Interviews By Shapiro, 1957-1972, undated (2 folders) With Shapiro, 1946-1984, undated (2 folders) Lectures, arrangements and clippings 1944-1966 (3 folders) BOX 146 1970-1985, undated (9 folders) Letter to the editor, 1979 Notes, undated (3 folders) Reviews, 1947, undated Unidentified and fragmentary 1985-1986, undated BOX 147 Undated (2 folders) Television contract negotiations with USSR, 1961-1969, undated (3 folders) Wire service reports

Henry Shapiro Papers 25 Additions, 1931-1990 Container Contents

1947, 1963-1972, undated (9 folders) BOX 148 Undated (11 folders) BOX 149 Addition II Speeches and writings file Notebooks 1941-1948 circa 1960-circa 1969 (2 folders) circa 1970-circa 1979 (1 folder) BOX 150 (1 folder) Undated (1 folder) BOX 151 (1 folder)

BOX OV 1 Speeches and Writings File Book, L'U.R.S.S. après Staline Serializations, 1954 (Container 135)

Henry Shapiro Papers 26