PastSearch Newsletter Issue 102: June 2021

Welcome to PastSearch Newsletter

You can find a downloadable version at www.pastsearch-archaeo-history.co.uk

May Round Up...... 1 York: The Story of its Walls May Round Up Bars and Castles – The Normans (part 5)……….....2 St. John’s Dance……..……6 This Month in History...... 7 British Monarchs ...... 8 HOSM Local History Society...... 10 Palace Community Dig & Howdenshire Archaeological Society …………………………11 Managed to get out and complete a site in Holme-on Spalding Moor Picture This...... 12 area, unfortunately after another few days of rain, so very soggy. Just For Fun...... 12 Thankfully the machine driver was able to scrape the slop away to Just for Fun make a route through for me between the seven trenches. Answers...... 13 Dates for Diary…………..13 Although Holme-on Spalding Moor parish has a lot of archaeology, PastSearch YouTube there were only land drains encountered in these trenches, which must Channel………………..…13 have been blocked, considering the amount of surface water. What’s Been in the News...... 14 Adverts...... 15 Zoom Talks this month looked at the 1984 Fire, which completed the series of three talks. Also the history of British coins, from the Celtic Potins (c.80BC), through the centuries, noting the new introductions and those taken out of circulation to the 20th century and decimalization.

For June and July Zoom Talks see ‘Dates for Diary’ on page 13 and Adverts on pages 15-18.

Or go directly to the PastSeach Eventbrite page to find all the talks as they are added. https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/d/online/pastsearch/

1 York: The Story of its Walls, Bars and Castles T P Cooper (1904)

The Normans (Part 5) – The King’s Fishpool (Part 2):

“The large expanse of water in succeeding years became an important royal fishery. With the increasingly rigid rules of ecclesiasticism, as to fasting and abstinence from flesh meat, the supply of fish as an article of diet became a very important matter. Frequently the regal owners of the pond made presents to their favourite courtiers, , and abbots of the bream, pike, and other fish for which the locality became celebrated. Many of these gifts are recorded on the Close Rolls. In 1221 the Sheriff of Yorkshire, by a mandate from the King, presented to Walter de Gray, , as from his royal master, ten bream (Breimas) from ‘vivario de fosse.’ In 1228 the Archbishop received another fift of thirty bream. The King, in August, 1256, ordered the Sheriff ‘to let the Friars Preachers, Toft Green, have six pike out of the royal stew of Fosse, for the occasion of the Provincial Chapters of the Order held at York in that year.’ Under a like order, sixty bream were given to the Abbot of Fountains in 1229. On the 20th of August, 1285, instructions were given to the Sheriff ‘to cause Master Geoffrey de Aspehale, master of the Hospital of St. Leonard’s, York, to have in the water of the Fosse, twenty-four bream, of the King’s gift.’ These are typical presents of fish from the King’s Pool. Many such could be enumerated, but these few will help to show the value of the water as a royal stew.

The men who were employed I the fisheries of the Ouse and the regal waters of the Fosse would of course reside in the vicinity, and seem to have given the name of their occupation to the street, Fishergate.

The custodians of the Fosse were appointed by the King, and held the office under the Sheriff of the County, who paid them their wages, and the amount was allowed in that official’s account at the Exchequer. As each new sheriff took office he was authorised by writ to pay the stipend of the keeper of the fishery. Many of these documents are entered on the Close and Patent Rolls, from which we have been able to compile a long list of custodians. Particulars of the earliest keepers traceable are given herewith……..

Grant (on the 5th May, 1280) to Henry le Esqueler (‘Squeler’ in the marginal title), during good behaviour of the bailiwick of the custody of the gate of York Castle and the custody of the prison of the said castle, with the custody of the water of Fosse there, if the custody of the prison and water aforesaid belong to the said Baliwick, and he is to receive as much as other keepers. By the King on the information of Anthony Bek and brother William de Faversham.

The custody of the Castle gate and prison was not always held in conjumction with the keepership of the Fosse. These offices, in later times, were kept distinct and held by separate persons whose names are recorded, with the amount they were paid as wages. Some of the keepers were royal pensioners, and others wealthy persons whose duties were perfomed by deputy.

On January 20, 1312, an order was given to the Sheriff ‘to pay to Richard de Alverton and William de Castelay, keeper of the King’s fishpond (vivarii) of Fosse, their wages , to wit, 2d daily each, together with the arrears of the same since the sheriff’s appointment. By the King on the information of Edmund de Malo Lacu, Steward of the Household.’

Eight years later we find the keepership had changed hands and the wages show a substantial increase. The Sheriff, on January 22, 1320, was instructed ‘to pay to Oliver de Sambuce, yeoman of the king’s chamber, the arrears of his wages as keeper of the King’s pond of Fosse, the custody whereof the King granted to him for life, on 6th November, in the 12th year of his reign, receiving therefore 6d a day from the Sheriff of Yorkshire, and to continue to pay the same.’

One of the duties of the keepers was to detect and arrest trespassers, or poachers, of the King’s fish. It will be seen from the following extract from the Patent Rolls that a Thomas de Warthill, a trespasser, was a person of some estate: ‘Appointment (June 7, 1293) of Master Henry de Neuwerk, , to the

2 custody of Alice, late the wife of Gilbert, de Luda, and her lands, until Thomas de Warthill, who was appointed to the custody until she should become sane, and who is now in York gaol for trespasses in the King’s stew of Fosse, has done the king’s pleasure for the said trespasses.’

The custodians of this great fishpond had peculiar privileges. In the King’s name they claimed the exclusive right of a narrow strip of land around the entire circuit of the lake. The bounds of the pool which were of considerable extent, were from time to time surveyed and set forth in various inquisitions.

In rugged days of old, when ‘might was right,’ it was considered proper –

‘That they should take who have the power, and they should keep who can.’

This grasping spirit was occasionally manifested by the all-powerful sheriffs, who unscrupulously, under the slightest pretext, appropriated lands verging upo the brink of the pond. Robert de Crepping, who was Sheriff of the Coundt, from April 22, 150 to Easter. 1253, appears to have gained an unenviable notoriety in such practices.

One arm of the pool extended between Layerthorpe and Hull Road, at its extremity Tang Hall Beck flowed into the fishpond. Certain meadows, belonging to the Hospital of St. Nicholas, and others in the possession of the Prebend of Fridaythorpe, pertaining to his Hall of Tang, and bordering the Fosse, were unlawfully seized and occupied by Sheriff Crepping.

The Master and Brethren of the hospital complained to the King of the injustice of Crepping’s purpresture. The following judicial inquiries of the subject are printed in vol. i: Yorkshire Inquisition, Yorkshire Archaeological Journal, but it will be seen that the aggrieved monks, after the proverbial delays of the law, received little amends for the loss they had sustained.

By writ dated at Windsor, 17 July, 3rd Edward I. (1275), the following inquisition was taken with respect to an alleged encroachment upon the lands of the hospital:

‘The King sent to Gwychard de Charrum and William de Northburgh, that whereas it was shown on behalf of the Master and Brethren of the Hospital of St. Nicholas, York, that one carucate of land and one acre and a half of meadow in the suburb of the City of York, were provided for the support of the lepers coming to the hospital by the ancestors of the King, and confirmed by them, and that they and their predecessors had peacefully held the land and meadow from the time when they were first enfeoffed, until Robert de Creooinge, sometime Sheriff of Yorkshire, in the late King Henry’s time, ejected them unjustly amd without judgement, so that the meadow had been withheld by him and other Sheriffs of Yorkshire for twenty years, to the no mean damage of the said Master and Brethren and their manifest disinhersion – Now Robert de Creppinge, called by the said Gwychard and William, says that while he was Sheriff of Yorkshire, he saw that the acre and a half of meadow abutted the King’s vivary, of Fosse, so that at every inundation of water the meadow was covered; and because he saw that if the King should wish to move his mills, then beneath the Castle, and to raise the head of his vivary, that meadow would be under water every hour of the year. He believed, as some of the Wapentake of Bulmere gave him to understand, that the meadow appertained to the King, and for that reason he seized it into the King’s hand and held it so long as he was Sheriff of the County, and all Sheriff’s up to now have done the same.

‘Inquisition is made by men as well of the City as of the suburb (suburbio) of the same, namely, by the oath of Walter de Grymston, John Verdenel, William de Malton, William de Roston, Peter Wlading, Alexander Tailor (cissoris), Nicholas son of Hugh, Thomas de Nafferton, Simon Everard, John de Dalton, William Lon (le Lung), and Thomas Clerk (clerici), who say upon their oath that the said carucate of land and the meadow are not, and never were, of ancient demesne of the crown; nor were they ever farmed at the King’s Exchequer. They say that the Empress Maud, formerly Queen of England, bought the carucate of land and the meadow, and gave them to the said Hospital and Brethren on this condition – that they would for ever find for all the lepers coming to that Hospital, on the eve of SS. Peter and Paul (28th June), the victuals underwritten, that is to say: bread and ale, mullet (muluellum) with butter, salmon when it could be had, and cheese. By this service and by no other do they hold that land and meadow.

3 ‘Asked whether the meadow appertains to the carucate of land, they say it is so. They say also that the carucate of land is worth every year six marcs and a half, and the meadow every year one marc.’

The King, who was not satisfied with the above decision, requested a second inquisition, which was held in the same year of his reign.

‘Inquisition made between King on the one part, and the Master and Brethren of the Hospital of St. Nicholas, York, of the other part, by Walter (de Grymeston), of York, William de Melton of the same, Alexander Tailor (cissorem) of the same, William Long (longum) of the same, Thomas de Nafferton of the same, William de Roston of the same, Robert son of Benedict of Hewrde, John Neubonde of the same, Peter de Dicton of the same, and William de Wyuestowe. They say that the good Queen of England, Maud, gave to the Master and Brethren of the said Hospital, one carucate of land with one acre and a half of meadow in the fields of the subub of the City of York – which gift was confirmed by King Stephen – to feed all the lepers of the County of York, coming thither by custom on the eve of the Appostles Peter and Paul, for the souls of all their ancestors and successors; and they were seisin of the meadow aforesaid from the time of the said good Queen Maud up to the second time that Robert de Creppinge was Sheriff of Yorkshire, when he disseised them thereof, and held it for the use of his own horses; and so every Sheriff, one after the other, has withheld it. The meadow is worth by the year half a marc; and the disseisin has continued for twenty years.’

The Sheriff of Yorkshire, escheator in the same county, received fron the King and ‘order (dated 27th April, 1276) to cause the brethren of St. Nicholas’s Hospital, York, to have again seisin of 1½ acres of meadow in the suburbs of York near the King’s fishpond, as the King learns by inquisition taken by Guyschard de Charron and William de Norbury that the said 1½ acres are not and were not of the ancient demesne of the Crown, and were never arrented at the Exchequer, which 1½ acres were taken into the King’s hands for this reason, but that the Empress Matilda, sometime Queen of England, bought a carucate of land and the meadow aforesaid and gave them to the hospital and brethren on condition that the brethren should find for ever the following victuals for all lepers coming to the hospital on the eve of SS. Peter and Paul, to wit bread, ale, a mulvel with butter, salmon when in season, and cheese.’

The Prebend of Fridaythorpe or Tange, learning of the success of the Master of St. Nicholas, would fourthwith renew his suit, as his complaint was also the subject of an inquisition.

The writ directed to Thomas de Normanville, the King’s Steward beyond Trent, and given by the hand of Master Thomeas Beke at Westminster, 13 May, 7th year Edward I. (1279) – Recites that Master Thomas de Hedon, Canon of York, complained that, whereas five acres of meadow between Layrthorpe and Tange appertain to his prebend in Tange, and all his predecessors, Canons of that prebend, were in possession of the same as of right, Robert de Creppinge, formerly Sheriff of Yorkshire, by taking that meadow into the late King’s hand, unjustly disseised John de Gayteham his (Thomas) immediate predecessor, and the now Sheriff still detains it. The King to be certified the truth of the matter.

‘Inquisition made at York, before Thomas de Normanville, on the morrow of the Apostles Peter and Paul, 7 Edward (30 June, 1269), concerning five acres of meadow with the appurtenances between Leyrthorpe and Tange, belonging to the prebend of Master Thomas dde Hedon, Canon of York, by the jurors under-written, voz.: by William de Holteby, Robert de Bulforde, Richard de Waxande, Nicholas de Rivers (de Riper’) Paulin de Lyllinge, William Burdoun, knights, Thomas de Vespount, Peter de Evercewyke, Robert de Yolton, William de Thouthorpe, John de Stoleton, and Richard son of Hugh of the same, who say by their oath that all the predecessors of the said Thomas, Canons of the said prebend, as in right thereof, were in possession of the meadow until Robert de Creppinge, formerly Sheriff of the County, took it into the hand of the late King Henry, and unjustly disseised John de Geytham, the last predecessor of Thomas; and so that the disseisin has continued since from Sheriff to Sheriff until now.

The said Robert took the meadow into the hand of King Henry for his own convenience in order to feed his own horses, and for that reason he appropriated to the King as much soil as was flooded yearly by the Fosse. When during the year the Fosse rises, then a boat of York Castle and the men of the Sheriff for the time being can come and go by water, and at will mow grass, one foot of the mower being in the boat and the

4 other upon the land. When the water goes down, the soil remains to the prebend, and that meadow is worth in all issues by the year, ten shillings.’

The results of this inquiry was sent to the King, but fifteen months elapsed before Thomas of Hedon was allowed to have possession of his land, the surrender is authorised by Patent, which is entered on the Rolls under the date of 27th September 1280.

PastSearch

5 Outbreak of St. John’s Dance in Aachen

On 24 June 1374 an outbreak of St. John’s Dance in Aachen, Holy Roman Empire (modern-day Germany) was began. People in the streets suddenly started to ‘dance’ uncontrollably and unable to stop, reaching the point of total exhaustion.

Hundreds of people would jump, leap and twitch for days, but this phenomenon did not just happen in Aachen, within weeks it had spread to the Netherlands and France.

This was also not the first time it had happened, the earliest known events occurred in the 7th century, and there were a number of outbreaks until the 17th century, when it suddenly stopped.

Not all events have recorded that music was involved but in the 1020’s in Bernburg, Germany, 18 peasants began singing and dancing around a church, disturbing the Christmas Eve service.

Wikepedia

The ‘Pied Piper of Hamlin’ legend may be, or may have been inspired by, an episode in 1237 when a large group of children travelling from Erfurt to Arnstadt, in Germany (approx 12miles (20km) were jumping and dancing on the whole journey.

Another large incident happened in Strasbourg, Holy Roman Empire (modern-day France) in July 1518. Beginning with one woman, Frau Troffea, others gradually joined her, and the city authorities provided a stage and hired musicians hoping it would bring this bizarre crisis to an end. Instead it escalated the situation and up to 400 people are thought to have been involved with the dancing continuing for several weeks.

It is not certain what caused these outbreaks. There have been several theories: Religious beliefs of the person(s) being possessed by devils. Dancing cult rituals and poisoning from mold growing on stalks of damp rye, causing hallucinations and shaking.

Currently, researchers tend to believe the bizarre outbreaks were examples of mass psychogenic illness triggered by fear and depression. The manias of 1374 and 1518 had followed periods of devastating famine, crop failures and the spread of diseases. Anxiety and guilt together with a deep superstition, that God was punishing them for their wrongdoing, may have made people susceptible to this peculiar involuntary state.

The dancing mania appears to have completely died out by the mid-17th century!!

References used: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dancing_mania https://www.europeana.eu/en/blog/st-johns-dance-why-cant-they-stop-dancing

6 This Month in History (June)

Below, is at least one event for each day of this month from around the world.

Links for more information about each of these events can be found by visiting the relevant page on the PastSearch website.

You can also find out about other events which have happened in history for each day of the year.

Start your search by using this link: http://pastsearch-archaeo-history.co.uk/on-this-day/

Date Year Country Event 1 1773 South Africa Wolraad Woltenmade died whilst rescuing sailors from D Jonge Thomas shipwreck. 2 1832 YORK First case of cholera reported in York. 3 1943 USA Zoot Suit Riots began. 4 2012 UK Elizabeth II’s Diamond Jubilee Concert held outside Buckingham Palace. 5 1283 Italy Battle of the Gulf of Naples (War of the Sicilian Vespers). 6 1859 Australia Queensland established as separate colony from New South Wales. 7 1948 Czechoslovakia Edvard Beněs resigned as President. 8 1959 USA “Missile Mail” delivery attempted from USS Barbero. 9 1538 England Halesowen Abbey surrendered during Dissolution of the Monasteries. 10 1786 China Dam on Dadu River, Sichuan province, collapsed, 1000,000 killed. 11 1903 Serbia King Alexander I & Queen Draga assassinated. 12 1648 England Siege of Colchester began (Second English Civil War). 13 2009 Iran Iranian Presidential Election Protest began. 14 1907 Norway Women given partial right to vote. 15 1312 Hungary Battle of Rozgony. 16 632 Persian Empire Yazdegerd III became Shah. 17 1579 America Sir Francis Drake claimed Nova Albion for England. 18 1908 Brazil First 781 Japanese immigrants arrived in Santos aboard ship Kasato- Maru. 19 1988 Italy Pope John Paul II canonized 117 Vietnamese Martyrs. 20 1631 Ireland Baltimore village attacked by Algerian pirates 21 1877 USA 10 Irish immigrants (Molly Maguires) hanged for murder. 22 2015 Afghanistan Kabul Parliament Attack, 6 killed. 23 1794 Russia Catherine II granted Jews permission to settle in Kiev. 24 109 Roman Empire Construction of Aqua Traiana started. 25 1243 Rome Sinibaldo Fieschi became Pope Innocent IV. 26 1945 USA United Nations Charter signed in San Francisco. 27 1977 Djibouti Independence from France. 28 1880 Australia Ned Kelly captured. 29 1444 Albania Battle of Torvioll (Ottoman Wars in Europe). 30 1860 UK Oxford Evolution Debate.

7 British Monarchs – William IV

Name: King William IV Full Name: William Henry Born: August 21, 1765 at Buckingham Palace Parents: George III and Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz House of: Hanover Ascended to the throne: June 26, 1830 aged 64 years Crowned: September 8, 1831 at Westminster Abbey Married: Adelaide, daughter of Duke of Saxe-Meinigen Children: Four none of whom survived infancy, plus several illegitimate by Dorothy Jordan Died: June 20, 1837 at Windsor Castle, aged 71 years, 9 months, and 28 days Buried at: Windsor Reigned for: 6 years, 11 months, and 24 days Succeeded by: his niece Victoria Wikipedia William was the third son of George III and therefore not expected to become king. He joined the Royal Navy at the age of 13, and saw service at the Battle of Cape St. Vincent against the Spanish on 6 January 1780 and in New York during the American War of Independence. Whilst in America, there was plot to kidnap him which had been approved by George Washington, but the information was leaked and did not happen.. He was later stationed in the West Indies under Horatio Nelson, and left active service in 1790 as a Rear Admiral.

William was became Duke of Clarence and from 1791 lived with Dorothea Bland, an Irish actress known as ‘Mrs Jordan’. They lived together for 20 years, having 5 sons and 5 daughters given the surname Fitzclarence.

In 1817 Princess Charlotte, his niece, died, making him now heir to the throne. A wife was now chosen for him, Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen, they married in 1818, having five children, who were either stillborn or did not live more than a few months.

William became King at the age of 64,on 26 June 1830, following the death of his brother, George IV. The coronation was on 8 September 1831 at Westminster Abbey. Wikipedia In 1831 a new London Bridge was opened over the River Thames, alongside and replacing the old bridge, which had existed since 1209, and was demolished in 1832. The new bridge was designed by John Rennie and work began in 1824, with the foundation stone laid on 15 June 1825. This bridge was found to be sinking in the 1920’s and the decision was made to replace it. The Modern London Bridge was built between 1967 and 1972, and the Rennie bridge was sold and Wikipedia reconstructed at Lake Havasu City, Arizona, USA.

In late 1831 the second Cholera Pandemic reached Great Britain, thought to have started in 1826 in India. The disease would travel through Europe, China and Japan till 1837, killing over 200,000.

On 7 June 1832 the First Reform Act received Royal Assent. It abolished tiny districts, gave representation to cities, gave the vote to small landowners, tenant farmers, shopkeepers, householders who paid a yearly rental of £10 or more, and some lodgers. Only qualifying men were able to vote; the Act introduced the first explicit statutory bar to women voting, by defining a voter as a male person.

Following years of campaigning by Quakers such as William Wilberforce the Slavery Abolition Act received Royal Assent on 28 August 1832 and commenced through most of the British Empire on 1 August

8 1834, although in practical terms, only slaves below the age of six were freed in the colonies. Former slaves over the age of six were re-designated as "apprentices", and their servitude was abolished in two stages: the first set of apprenticeships came to an end on 1 August 1838, while the final apprenticeships were scheduled to cease on 1 August 1840. There were still some exemptions which were finally eliminated in 1843.

Also in 1833 a Factory Act was passed prohibiting children aged under nine from work in factories, and reducing the working hours of women and older children.

On 14 August 1834 a Poor Law Act received Royal Assent, it was intended to reduce the cost of poor relief and address abuses of the old system, by enabling a new system, under which relief would only be given in workhouses, and conditions in workhouses would be such as to deter any but PastSearch the truly destitute from applying for relief.

Also in 1834 six agricultural labourers from Tolpuddle, Dorset were convicted of swearing a secret oath as members of the Friendly Society of Agricultural Labourers. They were transported to Australia but pardoned two years later after protests from sympathisers and returned to England between 1837 and 1839.

On 16 October 1834 most of the Palace of Westminster was destroyed by a fire, caused by the burning of small wooden tally sticks which had been used as part of the accounting procedures of the Exchequer until 1826. The sticks were disposed of carelessly in the two furnaces under the House of Lords, which caused a chimney fire in the two flues that ran under the floor of the Lords' chamber and up through Wikipedia the walls.

On 9 September 1835 the Municipal Corporation Act received Royal Assent, and commenced 1 January 1836, requiring members of town councils to be elected by ratepayers and councils to publish their financial accounts. Also in 1836 The Births, Marriages and Deaths Act was passed on 17 February, making it compulsory to register all births, marriages, and deaths.

Charles Dickens published his second book ‘Oliver Twist’ as a serial from 1837 to 1839, starting with chapters 1 and 2 in February 1837. It was released as a three-volume book in 1838, before the serialisation ended.

Wikipedia

William IV died 20 June 1837 at Windsor Castle aged 71, his niece Victoria succeeded him.

References used: https://www.britroyals.com/kings.asp?id=william4 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_IV https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Cape_St._Vincent_(1780) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adelaide_of_Saxe-Meiningen https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/London_Bridge#%22New%22_London_Bridge_(1831%E2%80%931967) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1826%E2%80%931837_cholera_pandemic https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reform_Act_1832 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slavery_Abolition_Act_1833 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Factory_Acts#Labour_of_Children,_etc.,_in_Factories_Act_1833_(Althorp's_Act) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tolpuddle_Martyrs https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burning_of_Parliament https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Municipal_Corporations_Act_1835 https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1836_(33)_Registration_of_Births_%26c._A_bill_for_registering_Births_Deaths_and_Marriages_i n_England https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oliver_Twist

9 HOSM Local History Society

Meetings are held on the 3rd Monday of each month at the Social Club, next door to the Village Hall, High Street.

Start time 7.00pm

Price £2.00

It is hoped that meetings can be held again from summer 2021 and as soon as a decision is made a programme will be added to this page again. Until then I will concentrate on updated information regarding the Website etc.

Website

You can visit the HOSM Local History Society website at https://www.hosmhistory.org

Timeline:

More births for 1749 and 1750 have now been added

HOSM Enclosure Award:

There is also the HOSM Enclosure Award page – lands assigned to Thomas Belt, Joseph Berry , John Blanshard (Blanchard) and William Battle now added.

Both useful for those tracing their family trees.

10 Bishops Palace Community Dig & Howdenshire Archaeological Society

Festival of Archaeology 2021 – Bishops Palace Display

PastSearch/Bishops Palace Community Dig PastSearch

With the post-excavation work almost completed and as part of the Festival of Archaeology 2021, Howden Civic Society and Howdenshire Archaeological Society are organising a day at the Shire Hall, Howden, for volunteers who worked on the site, Howden residents and visitors to find out about the excavations at Bishops Palace in 2018 and 2019.

This will be on 31 July 2021 between 10am and 4pm.

There will also be an opportunity to view some of the artefacts and find out how the discoveries have helped interpret more about this important former building in Howden.

PastSearch/Bishops Palace Community Dig

Howdenshire Archaeological Society will also have information about the Shiptonthorpe dig which was undertaken in April this year. Also sites they are currently researching and hope to be able to organise future Community Digs.

PastSearch/HAS

Keep up to date with their Facebook page https://www.facebook.com/search/top?q=howdenshire%20archaeological%20society

11 Picture This Just For Fun

Colin the digging hamster is hiding on one of the pages in this newsletter, can you find him?

PastSearch Word Maker 35 Stonegate, York Having 15th century origins 35 Stonegate is known to have been a bookshop since Summer 1682, and in the doorway, hangs a Bible with this date. Scribble Pad In 1873 it became the home and workshop of stained artist John Ward Knowles and his son, From 1874 he started the ambitious refurbishment of the house.

The decorative glazed tiles ‘below’ the front windows have the date 18AD7. The current windows appear to be later, as they obscure some of the decorative tiles and date.

The building is now Grade II* Listed.

Where is this?

Answers on p.13

PastSearch

Answer in Issue 103

12 Just for Fun Answers

5 Letters: Muser, Mures, Serum 4 Letters: Mure, Mums, Ruse, Muse, Mems, User, Suer, Sure, Emus, Rues, Rems, Rums 3 Letters: Rum, Ser, Sue, Sum, Umm, Use, Rue, Res, Mem, Emu, Ers, Mum, Mus, Ems, Rem

Find Colin on page 18

Dates for Your Diary

June July 1 June CBAY Fireside Chat - ConservationWork 9 July PastSearch Zoom Talk – Clues Above the Mags Felter, Senior Conservator, YAT, Eyeline, 7pm (see advert p.17). 7.30pm https://www.cba-yorkshire.org.uk/cba- yorkshire-fireside-chats-series-4/ 8 June PastSearch Zoom Talk – 19th Century 26 July PastSearch Zoom Talk – 13th Century Lendal, York, 7pm (see advert p.15). York Mayors, 7pm (see advert p.18). 15 CBAY Fireside Chat – Petuaria Revisited 31 July Bishops Palace Display – Shire Hall, June Peter Halkon & Martin Credland, 7.30pm Howden, 10am – 4pm. Part of Festival of https://www.cba-yorkshire.org.uk/cba- Archaeology 2021 (see 11). yorkshire-fireside-chats-series-4/ 25 PastSearch Zoom Talk – Trial & June Executions of York, 7pm (see advert p.16).

29 CBAY Fireside Chat – Geoarchaeology, June Ehren Smith, 7.30pm https://www.cba-yorkshire.org.uk/cba- yorkshire-fireside-chats-series-4/

With the current Covid 19 restrictions, please check if on site events are still able to go ahead. If you know of any Society/Club meetings which have now started up or any live events, either on site or by Zoom etc please send details to Karen at [email protected] so that they can be included in this section.

PastSearch YouTube Channel PastSearch now has a YouTube Channel. Currently short videos for events which have happened in York are being added for various days of the week. Please take a look by going to https://www.youtube.com/user/pastsearch and press subscribe so that you can see the latest videos as they are added.

13 What’s Been in the News These articles were shared on Facebook during the last month. To see similar articles as they come into the news please follow PastSearch on Facebook. https://www.facebook.com/PastSearch-109488651355/

Council receives £1m to enhance key Melting Glacier Reveals First World War maritime heritage site Cave Shelter

“Further exploration works on an ancient blockhouse in Hull, commissioned by Henry “A cave shelter in Mount Scorluzzo housed 20 VIII, are set to take place thanks to a successful Austrian soldiers in the war, and has now funding bid. revealed food, dishes, jackets, and other items. Hull City Council has been awarded the first phase of £1m of funding from Highways A total of 300 objects were found as a result of England to deliver a programme of the melt, with straw mattresses, coins, helmets, archaeological works to conserve and tell the ammunition, bottles, tins, and even newspapers story of a 16th century fortress. forming the newly found collection.”

Read more at: Read more at: https://www.hullccnews.co.uk/24/05/2021/coun https://www.independent.co.uk/climate- cil-receives-1m-to-enhance-key-maritime- change/news/melting-glacier-stelvio-pass-italy- heritage- ww1-b1842360.html site/?fbclid=IwAR1dhEpHfHG96cmJVwr6QHa DJHZUz- 8kCkbn4P6cuEWGBCdtFmPmdeHM2_o

Stratford's Roman past revealed Researchers discover the world’s first truly modern submarine – deep under the English Channel

“The finds include three early Roman brooches dating back to the 1st century AD and a large “British divers and a US–based naval historian number of pottery shards. have succeeded in discovering the world’s first truly modern submarine – at the bottom of the The excavation has been taking place for more English Channel three miles off the coast of than a month, with most activity taking place Devon.” close to the Ridgeway.”

Read more at: Read more at: https://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/ar https://www.stratford- chaeology/submarine-d1-devon-ww1- herald.com/news/stratfords-roman-past- b1847088.html revealed-9201095/

14 Zoom Talk – 19th Century Lendal, York 8 June 2021, 7.00pm

Tickets can be booked from the Eventbrite Website at: https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/19th-century-lendal-york-registration-152813612629

15 Zoom Talk – Trial & Executions, York 25 June 2021, 7.00pm

Tickets can be booked from the Eventbrite Website at: https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/trial-and-executions-in-york-registration-152814621647

16 Zoom Talk – Clues Above the Eyeline 9 July 2021, 7.00pm

Tickets can be booked from the Eventbrite Website at: https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/clues-above-the-eyeline-registration-156393754931

17 Zoom Talk – 13th Century York Mayors 26 July 2021, 7.00pm

Tickets can be booked from the Eventbrite Website at: https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/the-mayors-of-13th-century-york-registration-156394240383

18 Visit the PastSearch Website

Have you visited the PastSearch Website? Here you will find information on the archaeological services, talks and workshops available from PastSearch.

There are also reports, newsletters and other pdf files to download for free.

Go to http://pastsearch-archaeo-history.co.uk/ Or access on mobile phone by scanning

Follow PastSearch on Facebook and Twitter

https://www.facebook.com/PastSearch- 109488651355/

https://twitter.com/PastSearch

PastSearch Presentations

19 There are currently 40 Illustrated Talks available which can be booked by groups and societies, and the list keeps growing!! NOW AVAILABE AS ZOOM PRESENTATIONS

1948 Plan for York 19th century Blake Street York A1079 – York to Pocklington A1079 – Pocklington to Market Weighton Archaeology Along the A63 Asselby Area Beverley Area Bottles Castles of East Yorkshire Clifford’s Tower Clues above the Eye-line Clues at Foot Level Coins Eboracum to York Fires of York Minster (in 3 parts) Forest of Galtres Iron Age Settlements in East Yorkshire Lendal Bridge Life of an Archaeologist Maps of East Yorkshire Market Weighton Area Moated Sites of East Yorkshire Petuaria to Brough Pocklington Area Restoration of York Walls Roman York Rowntree Family & York Stratigraphy & Archaeological Dating Methods The Iron Age The Medieval Period The Romans The Vikings Toys Found in Archaeology Trials & Executions at York Viking York Walk around York Walls Welham Bridge York Through Eyes of Historians York Railway

More details at: http://pastsearch-archaeo-history.co.uk/illustrated-talks/ Each Talk is £50 (travelling expenses may be charged in some cases)

You can book your talk at: [email protected] or ring Karen on 07811 877 469.

Archaeological Services

20 http://pastsearch-archaeo-history.co.uk/archaeological-services/

PastSearch offers archaeological services including Heritage Statements, Written Scheme of Investigations, Watching Briefs and Evaluations, working in the North Yorkshire and East Riding.

With 30 years of local knowledge, PastSearch aims to provide a reliable and flexible service regarding small and medium sized projects, including private and commercial developments. We also aim to keep costs to the client at a reasonable rate whilst maintaining professional standards.

CAD Illustration service also available.

For more information please email: [email protected] or ring Karen on 07811 877 469.

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