CENTER FOR THE PERFORMING ARTS AT PENN STATE ONSTAGE Don Lee, The Banff Centre Banff The Don Lee, Today’s performance is sponsored by

Gay D. Dunne and James H. Dunne

Community Advisory Council The Community Advisory Council is dedicated to strengthening the relationship between the Center for the Performing Arts and the community. Council members participate in a range of activities in support of this objective.

Nancy VanLandingham, chair Mary Ellen Litzinger Lam Hood, vice chair Bonnie Marshall Pieter Ouwehand William Asbury Melinda Stearns Patricia Best Susan Steinberg Lynn Sidehamer Brown Lillian Upcraft Philip Burlingame Pat Williams Alfred Jones Jr. Nina Woskob Deb Latta Eileen Leibowitz student representative Ellie Lewis Jesse Scott Christine Lichtig CENTER FOR THE PERFORMING ARTS AT PENN STATE

presents Tafelmusik Baroque Orchestra Jeanne Lamon, director The Galileo Project: Music of the Spheres

Conceived, programmed, and scripted by Alison Mackay

Glenn Davidson, production designer Marshall Pynkoski, stage director John Percy, astronomical consultant Shaun Smyth, narrator

7:30 p.m. Wednesday, November 5, 2014 Schwab Auditorium

The performance includes one intermission.

This presentation is a component of the Center for the Performing Arts Classical Music Project. With support from The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, the proj- ect provides opportunities to engage students, faculty, and the community with classical music artists and programs. Marica Tacconi, Penn State professor of musicology and Carrie Jackson, Penn State associate professor of German and linguistics, provide faculty leadership for the curriculum and academic components of the grant project.

sponsors Gay D. Dunne and James H. Dunne

support provided by Nina C. Brown Endowment

media sponsor WPSU

The Center for the Performing Arts at Penn State receives state arts funding support through a grant from the Pennsylvania Council on the Arts, a state agency funded by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, and the National Endowment for the Arts, a federal agency. PROGRAM The Galileo Project: Music of the Spheres The Harmony of the Spheres I Antonio Vivaldi (1678–1741) Allegro—Largo Concerto for 2 violins in A Major, Op. 3, No. 5

Music from Phaeton Jean-Baptiste Lully (1632–1687) Overture Suite des quatre saisons (Dances for the four seasons) Entrée des furies (Entrance of the furies) Chaconne

Music from the Time of Galileo Claudio Monteverdi (1567–1643) Ritornello from Orfeo Ciaccona after Zefiro torna

Tarquinio Merula (1595–1665) Ciaccona

Michelangelo Galilei (1575–1631) Toccata for solo lute from Il primo libro d’intavolatura di liuto

Biagio Marini (1594–1663) Passacaglia Claudio Monteverdi (1567–1643) Moresca from Orfeo

INTERMISSION Henry Purcell (1659–1695) Song Tune “See, even Night herself is here” from Fairy Queen Rondeau from Abdelazer

The Dresden Festival of the Planets Jean-Philippe Rameau (1683–1764) “Entrée de Jupiter (Entrance of Jupiter)” from Hippolyte et Aricie

George Frideric Handel (1685–1759) Allegro from Concerto grosso in D Major, Op. 3, No. 6

Jean-Philippe Rameau (1683–1764) “Entrée de Venus (Entrance of Venus)” from Les surprises de l’Amour

Georg Philipp Telemann (1681–1767) Allegro from Concerto for 4 violins in D Major

Jan Dismas Zelenka (1679–1745) Adagio ma non troppo from Sonata in F Major, ZWV 181/1

Jean-Philippe Rameau (1683–1764) “Entrée de Mercure (Entrance of Mercury)” from Platée

Jean-Baptiste Lully (1632–1687) “Air pour les suivants de Saturne (Air for the followers of Saturn)” from Phaeton

Silvius Leopold Weiss (1687–1750) Allegro from Concerto for lute in C Major

Anonymous, 18th century “The Astronomer’s Drinking Song” The Harmony of the Spheres II

Johann Sebastian Bach (1685–1750) Sinfonia “Wie schön leuchtet der Morgenstern (How Bright Appears the Morning Star)” after BWV 1 Sinfonia after BWV 29 Ancient civilizations depended on an The Galileo Project: awareness of the natural world for their livelihood and survival, and enjoyed Music of the Spheres an intimate relationship with the daily, BY ALISON MACKAY monthly, and yearly patterns of the The Galileo Project: Music of the Spheres night sky. The Greeks and Romans iden- was created by Tafelmusik Baroque tified characters in their mythological Orchestra in 2009, in honor of the stories with planets and stars, giving International Year of Astronomy and them names that are still used today. In the 400th anniversary of Galileo’s devel- Ovid’s story of Phaeton, the impetuous opment and use of the astronomical son of the sun god Apollo, the minutes, telescope. hours, days, and seasons are personified as denizens of the palace of the sun. The performance uses music, words, and images to explore the artistic, At Versailles, the French “Sun King” cultural, and scientific world in which Louis XIV, created his own palace of the seventeenth- and eighteenth-century sun, a building that strongly reflected astronomers lived and worked. the cosmology of the ancient world in its statuary and decoration. Jean- In sixteenth-century Florence, Italy, Baptiste Lully, the resident composer at the house of lutenist and composer the Palace of Versailles, wrote some of Vincenzo Galilei was a fertile breeding his most magnificent music for his opera ground for important innovations in the Phaeton. We include excerpts from the realms of music and science. Vincenzo’s opera in the concert as an example of experiments with the expressive power the cultural inheritance that the world of of accompanied solo song influenced baroque music received from the obser- the creation of opera as a musical form, vations of ancient stargazers. and the style of music that we now describe as baroque. The first important opera, Claudio Mon- teverdi’s Orfeo, was composed in 1607 Vincenzo also conducted repeated trials and published in Venice in 1609—the under controlled conditions with lute year Galileo travelled from Padua to strings to find the mathematical formu- Venice—to offer his newly created tele- las that express the relationships among scope as a gift to the Venetian Doge. length, tension, and musical pitch. He Monteverdi and Galileo were exact con- is thought to have been assisted by temporaries and near the end of their his oldest son, Galileo Galilei, a bril- lives, Galileo arranged for Monteverdi liant young teacher of mathematics to procure a beautiful Cremonese violin who went on to apply his expertise to (probably built by Nicolo Amati) for his world-changing discoveries about the nephew Alberto Galilei. Alberto was the universe. son of Galileo’s brother Michelangelo, who composed the lute solo in the Galileo inherited his spirit of scientific first half of the program. Monteverdi, inquiry and a love of playing the lute Tarquinio Merula, and Biagio Marini from his father. It seems fitting that a were the most important composers in musical tribute honors the astronomer, Galileo’s world and Tafelmusik presents whose intellectual and artistic vitality some of their most beautiful works as a stemmed from a place where music backdrop to his own account of his dis- and science intersected. Performances covery of the moons of Jupiter and the of The Galileo Project have brought events that followed. Tafelmusik into contact with scientists, stargazers, and music lovers in many In spite of the efforts of the inquisition diverse communities around the world. to suppress Galileo’s discoveries and writings, his influence was soon felt throughout Europe and the telescope was adopted as a tool for astronomi- for his reconstruction of Weiss’s Lute cal research. English astronomer, Isaac Concerto in C Major. All that survives of Newton, was born within a year of the original is the solo lute part; the title Galileo’s death and was buried in 1727 page confirms that two violins, viola, in Westminster Abbey near the tomb and violoncello accompanied the lute. of Henry Purcell. This period saw the Harris composed the missing parts. establishment of a Royal Observatory in Greenwich, Newton’s own creation of The program begins and ends with the reflecting telescope, his discoveries reflections on the ancient concept of about the properties of refracted light, the music of the spheres, created by a and his development of the principles of heavenly ensemble of planets and stars universal gravitation. making music together as they move through space. The concert’s opening Newton used the musical analogy of a speech from The Merchant of Venice seven-note scale to explain the seven contains Lorenzo’s beautiful expression colors of the rainbow, but unlike Gali- of this idea: “There’s not the smallest leo, he does not appear to have been a orb which thou behold’st but in his music lover. After attending a concert by motion like an angel sings, still quiring George Frideric Handel, he complained to the young-eyed cherubins.” that there was nothing to admire except the elasticity of his fingers. The subject was treated extensively in Harmonices Mundi (The Harmony of the Handel created more of a sensation World, 1619) by Johannes Kepler, who when he traveled from his adopted used the formulas from his laws of plan- country of England to his homeland of etary motion to derive musical intervals Germany, in order to play at a glittering and short melodies associated with royal wedding celebration in September each planet. We perform these short 1719. It was a month-long Festival of the tunes on their own, and then weave Planets in Dresden featuring numer- them into the chorale tune “Wie Schön ous operas, balls, outdoor events, and Leuchtet der Morgenstern (How Bright concerts in honor of each of the known Appears the Morning Star).” planets: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn. Uranus was not This is followed by music adapted from included; it was discovered in 1781 by opening sinfonia of Johann Sebastian oboist, organist, composer, and amateur Bach’s cantata of the same name, astronomer, Sir William Herschel who, BWV 1, and from the opening sinfonia like Handel, had moved to England from of Bach’s Cantata BWV 29. Tafelmusik Hanover. Herschel also built the largest chose Bach’s works to end the concert and finest telescopes of his day, cata- because each speaks profoundly and logued nebulae, and discovered infrared eloquently of what lies at the heart of radiation with the help of his musician the International Year of Astronomy— sister Caroline, the discoverer of several a celebration of the wonders of the comets. cosmos and the achievements of the human spirit. There are detailed archives of the musical events at the 1719 Festival of the Planets. Handel and Georg Philipp ©Alison Mackay / Tafelmusik 2012 Telemann—who was living in Frankfurt at the time—joined the renowned musi- cians employed by Augustus the Strong in Dresden, including double bass player Jan Dismas Zelenka and lutenist Silvius Leopold Weiss. Tafelmusik presents excerpts by all four composers. The orchestra is grateful to Lucas Harris Sian Richards

TAFELMUSIK BAROQUE ORCHESTRA Hailed as “one of the world’s top baroque orchestras” by Gramophone magazine, Tafelmusik Baroque Orchestra was founded in 1979 by Kenneth Solway and Susan Graves, and has been under the inspired leadership of Music Director and Concert- master Jeanne Lamon since 1981. At the heart of Tafelmusik is a group of talented and dynamic permanent members, each of whom is a specialist in historical per- formance practice. Delighting audiences worldwide for more than three decades, Toronto-based Tafelmusik reaches millions of people through its touring, critically acclaimed recordings, broadcasts, new media, and artistic community partnerships. The vitality of Tafelmusik’s vision clearly resonates with its audiences in Toronto, where the orchestra performs more than fifty concerts each year for a passionate and dedicated following. Tafelmusik maintains a strong presence both nationally and on the world stage, performing in more than 350 cities in 32 countries.

Tafelmusik has released over seventy-five CDs on the Analekta, Sony Classical, CBC Records, BMG Classics, Hyperion, and Collegium labels, and has been awarded numerous international recording prizes, including nine JUNO Awards. In 2012 Tafelmusik announced the creation of its own label, Tafelmusik Media, and has released a number of new and past recordings including live-performance CDs of Handel Messiah and Beethoven Eroica Symphony, and DVDs of three of Tafelmusik’s most popular performance events: Sing-Along Messiah and Alison Mackay’s The Galileo Project and House of Dreams.

The Galileo Project premiered in Banff and Toronto in January 2009, and has toured across Canada, United States, Mexico, Malaysia, China, Japan, South Korea, Australia, and New Zealand. The orchestra was honored by the International Astronomical Union, which named an asteroid after Tafelmusik in recognition of the project.

Visit www.tafelmusik.org for more information. ORCHESTRA

Violin Jeanne Lamon, Patricia Ahern, Thomas Georgi, Aisslinn Nosky, Christopher Verrette, Julia Wedman, Cristina Zacharias

Viola Patrick G. Jordan, Stefano Marcocchi

Violoncello Christina Mahler, Allen Whear

Double Bass Alison Mackay

Oboe John Abberger, Marco Cera

Bassoon Dominic Teresi

Lute/Guitar Lucas Harris

Harpsichord Olivier Fortin

Technical Director Glenn Davidson

Lighting Director Raha Javanfar

Production Assistant C. J. Astronomo

Tour and Stage Manager Beth Anderson B IOGRAPHIES JEANNE LAMON multi-media shows for The Toronto Since 1981, Jeanne Lamon has been Consort: The Da Vinci Codex, The music director of Tafelmusik Baroque Ambassadors, and A Woman’s Orchestra and has been praised by Life. This season sees the launch critics in Europe and North America of two new programs created by for her strong musical leadership. Mackay: Paris Confidential, with She won numerous awards, including Toronto Consort, and J. S. Bach: The honorary Doctorates of Letters from Circle of Creation, with Tafelmusik. Mount Saint Vincent Universities and the University of Toronto; and SHAUN SMYTH the prestigious Molson Prize from Actor Shaun Smyth is honored to the Canada Council for the Arts. have been part of The Galileo Project In 2000, Lamon was appointed a since its initial development at The member of the Order of Canada Banff Centre and has performed and in 2014, to the Order of Ontario. this program on tour in Canada, Lamon is in demand as guest direc- the United States, Australia, and tor of symphony orchestras in North New Zealand. Smyth works across America and abroad. She is pas- Canada in both theatre and film and sionate about teaching emerging has more than seventy-four film artists and is adjunct professor at and television credits. He has been the University of Toronto. In June nominated for four Betty Mitchell 2014, Lamon stepped down as full- and Dora Mavor Moore Awards for time music director of Tafelmusik, in acting, and is the recipient of two order to devote more time to teach- Tyrone Guthrie Awards. Highlights ing, guest directing, and pursuing of his work include Playing with Fire: various hobbies. She will continue to The Theo Fleury Story, for which he work with Tafelmusik as chief artistic won a Betty Mitchell Award for best advisor until a new music director is performance and the Calgary Critics appointed. Award; One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest, for which he was nominated for ALISON MACKAY a Betty Mitchell Award for best actor; Alison Mackay has played the violone The Glass Menagerie, Rock ‘n’ Roll, Of and double bass with Tafelmusik Mice and Men, Trainspotting; and two since 1979. She has been active in the seasons performing at the Stratford creation of cross-cultural and multi- Shakespeare Festival (Canada). disciplinary projects for the orches- His most recent television credits tra, including The Four Seasons, a include The Witches of East End, Cycle of the Sun; Metamorphosis; Almost Human, Once Upon a Time in Chariots of Fire; Bach in Leipzig; Wonderland, The Killing, and FRINGE. House of Dreams; and The Galileo Smyth earned a B.F.A. in acting from Project. Her musical tale of adven- the University of Alberta. He is a ture The Quest for Arundo Donax native of Glasgow, Scotland, and was was awarded the 2006 JUNO award raised in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. for Children’s Recording of the Year. She has also created three THE GALILEO PROJECT: MUSIC OF THE SPHERES IMAGE CREDITS We are deeply grateful to Alan Dyer for making a stunning collection of his images available for this concert, and to the Canadian Planetarium Consortium for the use of its Galileo animations.

1. Hubble Ultra Deep Field Flythrough: NASA, ESA, and F. Summers (STScI) 2. Full Moon: Alan Dyer 3. Owl and Night Sky: A. Dyer

Palace of the Sun montage 4. A Perfect Storm of Turbulent Gases: ESA/NASA/Jeff Hester (Arizona State University) 5. Light and Shadow in the Carina Nebula: NASA/ESA, The Hubble Heritage Team (AURA/STScI) 6. Giant “Twisters” in the Lagoon Nebula: A. Caulet (ST-ECF, ESA) and NASA 7. The Eagle Nebula: J. Hester & Paul Scowen (Arizona State University), NASA/ESA 8. New Stars Shed Light on the Past: NASA, ESA, and The Hubble Heritage Team, STScI-ESA/HUBBLE Collaboration 9. Demise in Ice and Fire: ESA/NASA and Albert Zijlstra 10. Orion in Miniature: NASA, ESA, M. Robberto (STScI/ESA), and The Hubble Space Telescope Orion Treasury Project Team 11. Starburst Galaxy Messier 82: NASA, ESA, and The Hubble Heritage Team (AURA/ STScI)J. Gallagher (University of Wisconsin), M. Mountain (STScI) and P. Puxley (NSF) 12. Hubble’s Sharpest View of the Orion Nebula: NASA, ESA, M. Robberto (STScI/ESA), and The Hubble Space Orion Treasury Project Team 13. Journey to the Centre of the Sun: ESA/Hubble (M. Kornmesser & L. L. Christensen) 14. Venus and Moon: A. Dyer 15. Summer Solstice Twilight: A. Dyer 16. Big Dipper over Castle Mountain: A. Dyer 17. Orion’s Belt: A. Dyer 18. Orion over Lake Louise: A. Dyer 19. Great Balls of Fire: Yves Grosdidier (Université de Montréal and Observatoire de Strasbourg), Anthony Moffat (Université de Montréal), Gilles Joncas (Université Laval), Agnes Acker (Observatoire de Strasbourg), and NASA/ESA 20. Zooming on the Veil Nebula: ESA/Hubble (M. Kornmesser and L. L. Christensen), NOAO, Akira Fujii 21. Red Giant Sun: ESA/Hubble (M. Kornmesser and L. L. Christensen) 22. Star Cluster: ESA/Hubble (M. Kornmesser and L. L. Christensen) 23. Comet Hale-Bopp: A. Dyer 24. Comet Hale-Bopp and Owl: A. Dyer 25. Comet McNaught: A. Dyer 26. Clock Face, San Marco Venice: iStockphoto 27. Glowing Eye of Nebula NGC 6751: NASA/ESA, The Hubble Heritage Team (AURA/ STScI) 28. Eye Looking through Lens: Ben Chaisson 29. Moon Page Video: Canadian Planetarium Consortium 30. Central Milky Way: A. Dyer 31. Orion M42: A. Dyer 32. Galileo Moon Page Video: Canadian Planetarium Consortium 33. Jupiter and Moons: A. Dyer 34. Rare Triple Eclispe on Jupiter: NASA, ESA, and E Karkoschka (University of Arizona) 35. Kepler’s Supernova Remnant: NASA, ESA, The Hubble Heritage Team (AURA/STScI) 36. Double Star Cluster: NASA, ESA, and Martino Romaniello (European Southern Observatory, Germany) 37. Full Moon: A. Dyer 38. Last Quarter Moon: A. Dyer 39. Portrait of Galileo, Justus Sustermans, 1631: Art Resource 40. Zooming in on Orion: ESA/Hubble, Rob Gendler, and A. Fujii 41. Triangulum Galaxy: Stuart Heggie 42. Intermission Image—Pismus 24: ESA/Hubble and Jesús Maz Apellániz (Instituto de astrofisica de Andalucia, Spain) 43. Wide Field View of the Perseus Constellation: A. Fujii 44. Orion Rising: A. Dyer 45. Earth Rotating: ESA/Hubble (M. Kornmesser and L. L. Christensen) 46. Crab Nebula: NASA, ESA, and Allison Loll/J. Hester (Arizona State University) Acknowledgement: Davide De Martin (ESA/Hubble) 47. Portrait of Isaac Newton: Art Resource 48. Complete View of Jupiter with Auroras: John Clarke (University of Michigan) and NASA/ESA 49. Red Spots on Jupiter: NASA, ESA, M. Wong, and I. de Pater (University of California, Berkeley) 50. Hubble Monitors Jupiter: NASA/ESA, The Hubble Heritage Team Acknowledgement: H. Weaver (The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory), and A. Simon-Miller (NASA/GSFC) 51. Transit of Mercury: A. Dyer 52. Venus Cloud Tops: L. Esposito (University of Colorado, Boulder) and NASA/ESA 53. Saturn in Natural Colours: Hubble Heritage Team (AURA/STScI/NASA/ESA) 54. A Zoom into the Heart of Comet Holmes: A. Fujii, A. Dyer, NASA, ESA, and H. Weaver (The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory) 55. Extreme Star Cluster: NASA, ESA, and The Hubble Heritage Team (STScI/AURA), ESA/Hubble Collaboration 56. Nicolaus Copernicus: B. Chaisson 57. Galileo Galilei: B. Chaisson 58. Isaac Newton: B. Chaisson 59. Johannes Kepler: B. Chaisson 60. Venus Rising in Winter Sky: A. Dyer

Final Image Sequence 61. Ghost Head Nebula: ESA, NASA, and Mohammad Heydari-Malayeri (Observatoire de Paris, France) 62. Stellar Fireworks: NASA, ESA, A. Aloisi (STScI/ESA), and The Hubble Heritage Team (STScI/AURA) ESA/Hubble Collaboration 63. Eta Carinae: J. Hester (Arizona State University), NASA/ESA 64. Cassiopeia: NASA, ESA, and The Hubble Heritage Team (STScI/AURA) ESA/Hubble Collaboration. Acknowledgement: Robert A. Fesen (Dartmouth College) and James Long (ESA/Hubble) 65. Monoceratis: NASA, The Hubble Heritage Team (AURA/STscI), and ESA 66. Nebula NGC 2392: NASA, ESA, Andrew Fruchter (STScI), and The Early Release Observations Team (STScI and ST-ECF) 67. Uncovering the Veil Nebula: NASA, ESA, and The Hubble Heritage Team (STScI/AURA) ESA/Hubble Collaboration. Acknowledgement: J. Hester (Arizona State University)

Final Video Sequence 68. Zoom on Pismis 24-1: Credit: Akira Fujii, Digitized Sky Survey 2, Robert Gendler and Martin Pugh (www.robgendlerastropics.com), www.astroworks.com, and ESA/Hubble 69. Galaxy: ESA/Hubble (M. Kornmesser and L. L. Christensen) 70. Star Cluster: ESA/Hubble (M. Kornmesser and L. L. Christensen) 71. Final Image—Pinwheel Galaxy: ESA and NASA 72. Post-Concert Image—Galaxy NGC 253: Carnegie Institution of Washington

Abbreviations ESA European Space Agency NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration STScI Space Telescope Science Institute AURA Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy ST-ECF Space Telescope—European Coordinating Facility NSF National Science Foundation NOAO National Optical Astronomy Observatory GSFC Goddard Space Flight Center

1 5 8 Front cover photos: 1. Regina Carter © 2010 Rahav Segev/ Photopass.com 2. Cirque Alfonse in Timber! Frederic Barrette 3. Joshua Roman © Tina Su 4. MAMMA MIA! 2 9 MAMMA MIA! North American Tour © 2013 Kevin Thomas Garcia 5. Brian Stokes Mitchell © Richard Termine 6. Takács Quartet © Ellen Appel 7. Aspen Santa Fe Ballet 3 6 10 Rosalie O’Connor 8. BASETRACK Live 9. Tafelmusik Baroque Orchestra in The Galileo Project Glenn Davidson 10. SpokFrevo Orquestra 11. Ani Kavafian, Chamber Music 4 7 11 Society of Lincoln Center Bernard Midich Bold listings represent members who Members increased their donations by 10 percent The Center for the Performing Arts recognizes the following members or more this season. Be Bold! Contact for their support. For information on the membership program or Dave Shaffer, assistant director for how you may contribute to the Center for the Performing Arts, please special programs, at 814-863-1167. contact Dave Shaffer at 814-863-1167 or [email protected].

Leadership Encore Amy Greenberg and Richard Doyle Bill and Connie Hayes Circle Circle Steven L. Herb and Sara Willoughby-Herb $3,000 and more $1,000 to $1,999 Nancy L. Herron Lam and Lina Hood Lynn Sidehamer Brown Grace M. Bardine Cindy and Al Jones Mimi U. Barash Coppersmith Mary and Hu Barnes Chick King Marty and Joan Duff Philip and Susan Burlingame James and Bonnie Knapp Blake and Linda Gall Edda and Francis G. Gentry James and Barbara Korner Robert and Helen Harvey Richard B. Gidez John and Michelle Mason Bob and Sonia Hufnagel Judith Albrecht and Denny Gioia Patrick W. and Susan N. Morse Richard and Sally Kalin David and Margaret Gray Marcia and Bill Newton Dan and Peggy Hall LeKander Michael P. Johnson and Steve and Anne Pfeiffenberger Barbara Palmer Maureen Mulderig Jack and Sue Poremba Dotty and Paul Rigby Stan and Debra Latta Patricia Hawbaker Quinlivan Louis P. Silverman and Benson and Christine Lichtig Andy and Kelly Renfrew Veronica A. 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mission The Center for the Performing Arts provides a context, through artistic connections, to the human experience. By bringing artists and audiences together we spark discovery of passion, inspira- tion, and inner truths. We are a motivator for creative thinking and examination of our relationship with the world.