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June 11, 2021 the Honorable Xavier Becerra Secretary Department of Health and Human Services 200 Independence Ave S.W. Washingto
June 11, 2021 The Honorable Xavier Becerra Secretary Department of Health and Human Services 200 Independence Ave S.W. Washington, D.C. 20201 The Honorable Francis Collins, M.D., Ph.D. Director National Institutes of Health 9000 Rockville Pike Rockville, MD 20892 Dear Secretary Becerra and Director Collins, Pursuant to 5 U.S.C. § 2954 we, as members of the United States Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs, write to request documents regarding the National Institutes of Health’s (NIH) handling of the COVID-19 pandemic. The recent release of approximately 4,000 pages of NIH email communications and other documents from early 2020 has raised serious questions about NIH’s handling of COVID-19. Between June 1and June 4, 2021, the news media and public interest groups released approximately 4,000 pages of NIH emails and other documents these organizations received pursuant to Freedom of Information Act requests.1 These documents, though heavily redacted, have shed new light on NIH’s awareness of the virus’ origins in the early stages of the COVID- 19 pandemic. In a January 9, 2020 email, Dr. David Morens, Senior Scientific Advisor to Dr. Fauci, emailed Dr. Peter Daszak, President of EcoHealth Alliance, asking for “any inside info on this new coronavirus that isn’t yet in the public domain[.]”2 In a January 27, 2020 reply, Dr. Daszak emailed Dr. Morens, with the subject line: “Wuhan novel coronavirus – NIAID’s role in bat-origin Covs” and stated: 1 See Damian Paletta and Yasmeen Abutaleb, Anthony Fauci’s pandemic emails: -
Senado Federal
Reunião de: 06/05/2021 Notas Taquigráficas - Comissões SENADO FEDERAL SENADO FEDERAL SECRETARIA-GERAL DA MESA SECRETARIA DE REGISTRO E REDAÇÃO PARLAMENTAR REUNIÃO 06/05/2021 - 5ª - CPI da Pandemia O SR. PRESIDENTE (Omar Aziz. PSD - AM. Fala da Presidência.) – Bom dia! Havendo número regimental, declaro aberta a 5ª Reunião da Comissão Parlamentar de Inquérito criada pelos Requerimentos 1.371 e 1.372, de 2021, para apurar as ações e omissões do Governo Federal no enfrentamento da pandemia da Covid-19, bem como as cometidas por administradores públicos federais, estaduais e municipais no trato com a coisa pública, durante a vigência da calamidade originada pela pandemia do coronavírus. A presente reunião destina-se às oitivas dos Srs. Marcelo Queiroga, Ministro da Saúde, e Antonio Barra Torres, Presidente da Anvisa. E há ainda requerimentos em pauta para apreciação. Eu quero comunicar: os Requerimentos aprovados nºs 139 a 143, de autoria do Senador Ciro Nogueira, mencionavam informações de Municípios de até 200 mil habitantes. Há um erro material, uma vez que a referência será somente a Municípios a partir de 200 mil habitantes. Nesse sentido, a Secretaria fará a devida retificação nesses requerimentos. Eu vou aguardar a chegada do... Ministro, por favor, desculpa. (Pausa.) Eu vou aguardar a chegada do Relator para que a gente inicie os trabalhos. Pois não? O SR. RANDOLFE RODRIGUES (Bloco Parlamentar Senado Independente/REDE - AP. Pela ordem.) – Estou com o Senador Tasso na linha, ele está pedindo uma questão de ordem antes de iniciar os trabalhos. O SR. PRESIDENTE (Omar Aziz. PSD - AM) – Pois não. O SR. -
The Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Virus: a Twenty-Year Journey of Narratives and (In)Secure Landscapes
The Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Virus: a twenty-year journey of narratives and (in)secure landscapes Philip Rolly Egert Dissertation submitted to the faculty of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy In Science, Technology, and Society Barbara L. Allen (Chair) Daniel Breslau Bernice L. Hausman David C. Tomblin March 18, 2016 Falls Church, Virginia Keywords: H5N1, HPAI, highly pathogenic avian influenza virus, pandemic, social justice, bioterrorism, bioethics, biopower, tacit knowledge, dual-use dilemma, dual-use research of concern, emerging infectious disease Copyright Philip R. Egert The Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Virus: a twenty-year journey of narratives and (in)secure landscapes Philip Rolly Egert ABSTRACT This dissertation is comprised of two manuscripts that explore various contestations and representations of knowledge about the highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1virus. In the first manuscript, I explore three narratives that have been produced to describe the 20-year journey of the virus. The journey begins in 1996 when the virus was a singular localized animal virus but then over the next 20 years multiplied its ontological status through a (de)stabilized global network of science and politics that promoted both fears of contagion and politics of otherness. Written by and for powerful actors and institutions in the global North, the narratives focused on technical solutions and outbreak fears. In doing so, the narratives produced policies and practices of biopower that obscured alternative considerations for equity, social justice, and wellbeing for the marginalized groups most directly affected by the H5N1 virus. -
Medical JOUR
RHODE ISLAND M EDiCAL J ournal ZOOM – It’s a Match! Virtual National Match Day is largest on record See page 75 R SPECIAL SECTION, PART II BIOMEDICAL/TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH in RI GUEST EDITORS: JAMES PADBURY, MD; BONGSUP CHO, PhD ApRiL 2021 VOLUME 104 • NUMBER 3 iSSN 2327-2228 REINVENTING WHAT YOU EXPECT FROM A MEDICAL PROFESSIONAL LIABILITY PROVIDER. With Coverys, you can reduce the distractions that come between diagnosis and outcomes. By leveraging claims data and analytics plus innovative educational resources, we’re helping doctors and administrators reduce distractions and focus on improving clinical, operational, and financial outcomes.Visit coverys.com Insurance products issued by ProSelect® Insurance Company (NE, NAIC 10638) and Preferred Professional Insurance Company® (NE, NAIC 36234). RHODE ISLAND M EDICAL J OURNAL 15 Translational Research: The Time is Now JAMES F. PADBURY, MD BONGSUP P. CHO, PhD GUEST EDITORS James F. Padbury, MD Bongsup Cho, PhD 17 The Time is NOW: Filling the Gaps in Treatment of Opioid-Exposed Infants: A Prospective, Pragmatic, Randomized Control Drug Trial ADAM J. CZYNSKI, DO; ABBOT R. LAPTOOK, MD 22 COBRE on Opioid and Overdose: A Collaborative Research-Based Center Addressing the Crises in Rhode Island and Beyond TRACI C. GREEN, PhD, MSc; ELIANA KAPLOWITZ, BA; KIRSTEN LANGDON, PhD; JACLYN M.W. HUGHTO, PhD, MPH; WILLIAM C. GOEDEL, PhD; ADAM J. CZYNSKI, DO; GAYLE FRASER, BS; JOSIAH RICH, MD, MPH 27 Brown University COBRE Center for Addiction and Disease Risk Exacerbation PETER M. MONTI, PhD; JENNIFER W. TIDEY, PhD; JASJIT S. AHLUWALIA, MD 32 The Center of Biomedical Research Excellence (COBRE) for Perinatal Biology – Accomplishments, Impact, and Long-term Results SUNIL K. -
Análise Da Imunogenicidade De Uma Vacina De DNA Codificando Epitopos CD4 Promíscuos E Conservados Do HIV-1 Em Camundongos BALB
SUSAN PEREIRA RIBEIRO Análise da imunogenicidade de uma vacina de DNA codificando epitopos CD4 promíscuos e conservados do HIV-1 em camundongos BALB/c e transgênicos para moléculas de HLA classe II Tese apresentada à Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo para obtenção do título de Doutor em Ciências Programa de: Alergia e Imunopatologia Orientador: Prof. Dr. Edecio Cunha-Neto São Paulo 2010 SUSAN PEREIRA RIBEIRO Análise da imunogenicidade de uma vacina de DNA codificando epitopos CD4 promíscuos e conservados do HIV-1 em camundongos BALB/c e transgênicos para moléculas de HLA classe II Tese apresentada à Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo para obtenção do título de Doutor em Ciências Programa de: Alergia e Imunopatologia Orientador: Prof. Dr. Edecio Cunha-Neto São Paulo 2010 Dados Internacionais de Catalogação na Publicação (CIP) Preparada pela Biblioteca da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo reprodução autorizada pelo autor Ribeiro, Susan Pereira Análise da imunogenicidade de uma vacina de DNA codificando epitopos CD4 promíscuos e conservados do HIV-1 em camundongos BALC/c e transgênicos para moléculas de HLA classe II / Susan Pereira Ribeiro. -- São Paulo, 2010. Tese(doutorado)--Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo. Programa de Alergia e Imunopatologia. Orientador: Prof. Dr. Edecio Cunha-Neto. Descritores: 1.Vacinas contra HIV 2.Epitopos de linfócito T 3.Linfócitos T CD4-positivos 4.Camundongos transgênicos 5.Diversidade genética 6.Cobertura vacinal 7.Antígenos HLA 8.Vacinas de DNA 9.HIV 10.AIDS USP/FM/DBD-314/10 Eu gostaria de dedicar esta tese aos meus pais, Cláudio e Rosana, aos meus irmãos Daniel, Vivian, Guilherme e Sarah, à minha filha Helena e à minha sobrinha Carolina, pela presença efetiva em cada passo de minha jornada e pela torcida incansável e incessante. -
Peter Daszak IPBES Scoping for the Nexus Assessment: Health
IPBES Scoping for the Nexus Assessment: Health & Linkages Peter Daszak [email protected] The focus for this session Three thematic areas: 1. Biodiversity & health 2. Global environmental change & health 3. Food, water & health Your suggestions on: • Scope of the assessment • Questions to address Post-2020 Biodiversity Framework and Global Goals . Aichi Biodiversity Targets, particularly: • Target 14. Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services . Sustainable Development Goals, e.g.: • 3. Health; • 6. Clean Water and Sanitation; • 13. Climate Action; • 14. Aquatic Ecosystems; • 15. Terrestrial Ecosystems; • 17. Partnerships . Global Health Security Agenda (Prevent, Detect, Respond) . Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030 • Bangkok Principles for implementation of health aspects One Health approach • Health of people, wildlife, livestock, environment • Impact of human-mediated global environmental change on health across all sectors Biodiversity’s Health Services Pharmaceuticals • Penicillin (fungus); Digitalis (foxglove plant); Quinine and quinidine (Peruvian Cinchona tree); Morphine and codeine (poppies); Taxol (Pacific Yew tree) Welfare • Link between good mental health and open spaces, biodiversity, forests/parks • Outdoor activity linked to overall fitness and lack of disease • Dietary diversity and nutritional health Protection against disease • Lower risk emerging diseases from undisturbed intact forest Honey Bee Declines in U.S.A. Biodiversity loss & health Intact Forest Residential Urban Culex mosquitoes prefer -
ISSUE #9 from the Red Patriot Show Some Articles May Require Subscriptions
J E u l y H 1 T 4 The News t Red R eport h The People • The Right Way , ' 2 1 ISSUE #9 from The Red Patriot Show Some articles may require subscriptions CHINESE-MADE COVID-19 VACCINE RECIPIENTS WON’T COUNT AS VACCINATED: SINGAPORE The Epoch Times Singapore’s health agency said that individuals who have received the Chinese-made COVID-19 vaccine won’t count as being vaccinated. BIDEN ADMIN TO GO “The national vaccination numbers reflect only those vaccinated under the national vaccination program,” the country’s Ministry of ‘DOOR-TO-DOOR’ TO Health said on Tuesday. “Currently, this only includes those vaccinated VACCINATE PEOPLE with the Moderna COVID-19 and Pfizer-BioNTech/Comirnaty vaccines.” America's C itizen Press COVID-19 is the disease caused by the CCP (Chinese Communist Party) virus, otherwise known as the coronavirus. President Joe Biden’s administration plans to go door-to-door to vaccinate people against COVID-19. The city-state’s health officials said there is inadequate efficacy data for “Now we need to go to community-by-community, neighborhood- the Sinovac COVID-19 vaccine, namely against the Delta strain. The by-neighborhood, and oft-times door-to-door, literally knocking variant has become the most prevalent COVID-19 strain in the country. on doors,” said Biden. Watch Biden threaten to send government officials to your door to make you take an OPTIONAL vaccine. WATCH BIDEN While answering a question, Biden appeared to lose his train STRUGGLE TO of thought and completely SPEAK YET forget the name Osama Bin Laden for about five to six AGAIN seconds. -
Trial Draws Fire After They Have Been Diluted Away
IN FOCUS NEWS groups, who make the case that Montagnier ETTY G now supports their crazy views,” says John EE/ Moore, an AIDS virologist at Cornell Univer- NAM sity in New York. Montagnier says that AIDS W. MC W. denialist groups misrepresent his thinking. The autism trial enters a new area of contro- versy. The Infectious Disease Society of America have reviewed long-duration antibiotic treat- ments in Lyme disease, and concluded in April that the “inherent risks of long-term antibiotic therapy were not justified by clinical benefit”. Montagnier acknowledges that safety concerns exist, but argues that opposition to long anti- biotic treatments can also be “dogma”. The trials will need to be cleared with the relevant ethics and regulatory bodies, he notes, and will include careful precautions and surveillance. “Expert physicians have learned to avoid side effects and to choose the right regimen,” he says. Another element of the trial is also attract- ing scepticism. Besides screening the children Luc Montagnier, co-discoverer of HIV, is no stranger to controversy. for pathogens with conventional DNA-ampli- fication techniques, the researchers will use a MEDICINE diagnostic test based on the controversial idea championed by the late French scientist Jacques Benveniste, who claimed that water can retain the memory of substances it contained even Trial draws fire after they have been diluted away. Studies have failed to confirm the claim, but Montagnier thinks that the ‘memory’ structures in the water Nobel laureate to test link between autism and infection. can resonate with low-frequency electromag- netic signals, which he hopes can be transmit- BY DECLAN BUTLER Ann Arbor, says that the trials are “not main- ted over the Internet. -
Lessons from COVID-19 to Help Prevent Future Pandemics
China CDC Weekly Commentary Lessons from COVID-19 to Help Prevent Future Pandemics Peter Daszak# In just over 12 months since it was first discovered, that allow diseases like COVID-19 to spread globally coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused over within days or weeks (4). Understanding these 100 million confirmed cases and more than 2.2 million patterns, provides the elements of a prevention deaths. Its impact on our global economy has been strategy. staggering and likely to be in the tens of trillions of The first step in any battle is to know your enemy, dollars by the time vaccines are fully deployed (1). and in this case identify the size of the threat and COVID-19 has caused significant hardship, mortality, where it’s coming from. Given that viruses are the and morbidity across the world, from the lockdowns predominant group of pathogens and that most viral experienced by the citizens of Wuhan in early 2020, zoonoses are acquired from mammalian hosts, we through to the waves of case spikes in European, North repeatedly sampled two species of mammals (a fruit bat American, and other countries. Pandemics of this scale and primate) and conducted the same viral discovery are rare, and many have called COVID-19 a once-in-a- protocol on each sample. Using data on the rate of century pandemic, but our research suggests that they discovery of new strains compared to repeat findings, are increasing in frequency, driven by a rise in the we were able to estimate the unknown diversity of animal-to-human pathogen spillover events that viruses in all mammal species — around 1.6 million usually cause them (2). -
Lesson Learned from Emerging Infectious Diseases: Are We Ready for the Next Pandemic?
Lesson Learned from Emerging Infectious Diseases: Are We Ready for the Next Pandemic? Ching Man Chan, Jenny (2nd year Mphil) Supervisor: Dr. Martin Chan Joint Graduate Seminar Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, CUHK 13th December, 2018 1 What are Emerging Infectious Diseases? Why does it matters? Emerging Infectious Diseases (EIDs) Definition Increasing frequency to describe the appearance of 1. An unrecognised infection 2. A previously recognised infection → to a new ecological niche/geographical zone → significant change in pathogenicity Facts o Infectious diseases are continuously emerging o Majority of human emerging infectious diseases are zoonoses o Those that are not zoonoses have zoonotic origins o Globalisation and human invasiveness → emergence opportunities (Howard and Fletcher, Emeging Microbes and Infections, 2012; van Doorn, Medicine (Abingdon), 2014) Severity of Emerging Infectious Diseases (Bean et al. Nature Reviews Immunology, 2013) List of Blueprint Priority Diseases 2018 o Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) o Ebola virus disease and Marburg virus disease o Lassa fever o Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) o Nipah and henipaviral diseases o Rift Valley fever (RVF) o Zika o Disease X Why most of them are viral diseases? Where do they come from and how they evolve to infect human? Mutation Rate V.S. Genome Size (Gago et al. Science, 2009) Many of the viruses are UNKNOWN (Dr Peter Daszak’s talk on “The beginning of an end to the Pandemic Era”, Uppsala Health Summit, 2017) Emergence of Zoonoses (Wolfe, Dunavan and Diamond. Nature, 2007) Multiple Species Barrier to become Zoonotic (Bean et al. -
The Hunt for Coronavirus Carriers
Feature ILLUSTRATION BY DAVID PARKINS DAVID BY ILLUSTRATION t was the news Sophie Gryseels had been dreading for months. Almost a year into the pandemic, a seemingly healthy wild mink tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 in Utah. No free-roaming animal was known to have caught the virus before, although research- ers had been watching for this closely. “It’s THE HUNT FOR happened,” wrote Gryseels, an evolution- Iary biologist at the University of Antwerp, Belgium, in an e-mail to her colleagues. Ever since the coronavirus started spreading around the world, scientists have worried that it could leap from people into wild animals. If CORONAVIRUS so, it might lurk in various species, possibly mutate and then resurge in humans even after the pandemic has subsided. That would bring the tale of SARS-CoV-2 full circle, because wild animals probably brought it to humans in the first place. Strong evidence suggests that the virus originated in horseshoe CARRIERS bats (Rhinolophus spp.), possibly hitching a ride on other animals before infecting people1. In the To prevent future outbreaks, scientists current stage of the pandemic, with hundreds of thousands of confirmed COVID-19 infections are studying how the coronavirus leaps every day, people are still driving transmission from humans to animals — and back again. of SARS-CoV-2. But years from now, when com- munity spread has been suppressed, a reservoir By Smriti Mallapaty of SARS-CoV-2 in free-roaming animals could become a recalcitrant source of new flare-ups. Wild animals are not the only ones to have drawn scrutiny. -
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus in Bats, Saudi Arabia
The Study Middle East In October 2012 and April 2013, three agencies col- lected samples from bats in regions where MERS cases had Respiratory been identified (Figure 1). The agencies are the Ministry of Health of Saudi Arabia, the Center for Infection and Im- Syndrome munity of Columbia University, and EcoHealth Alliance. Coronavirus in During the October investigation, the team inter- viewed the family of an index case-patient in Bisha and Bats, Saudi Arabia collected samples from bats <12 km from his home, in an abandoned date palm orchard, and <1 km from his place Ziad A. Memish, Nischay Mishra, of employment, a hardware store that fronted a garden and Kevin J. Olival, Shamsudeen F. Fagbo, date palm orchard. Although neither family members nor Vishal Kapoor, Jonathan H. Epstein, employees recalled seeing bats, the team observed roosting Rafat AlHakeem, Mushabab Al Asmari, bats and guano in abandoned wells and ruins within 12 km Ariful Islam, Amit Kapoor, Thomas Briese, of his home and insectivorous bats at dusk in the garden Peter Daszak, Abdullah A. Al Rabeeah, behind his store. Over 3 weeks, 96 bats representing 7 spe- and W. Ian Lipkin cies (Rhinopoma hardwickii, Rhinopoma microphyllum, Taphozous perforatus, Pipistrellus kuhlii, Eptesicus bot- The source of human infection with Middle East respi- tae, Eidolon helvum, and Rosettus aegyptiacus) were cap- ratory syndrome coronavirus remains unknown. Molecular investigation indicated that bats in Saudi Arabia are infected tured in mist nets and harp traps, then released after visual with several alphacoronaviruses and betacoronaviruses. speciation and collection of morphometric measurements; Virus from 1 bat showed 100% nucleotide identity to virus wing punch biopsy samples; blood; throat swab samples; from the human index case-patient.