DOCSLIB.ORG

Resort Morphology: Chinese Applications

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Resort Morphology: Chinese Applications Resort Morphology: Chinese Applications by Jia Liu A thesis presented to the University of Waterloo in fulfillment of the thesis requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Geography Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, 2008 ©Jia Liu 2008 Library and Archives Bibliothèque et Canada Archives Canada Published Heritage Direction du Branch Patrimoine de l’édition 395 Wellington Street 395, rue Wellington Ottawa ON K1A 0N4 Ottawa ON K1A 0N4 Canada Canada Your file Votre référence ISBN: 978-0-494-55535-4 Our file Notre référence ISBN: 978-0-494-55535-4 NOTICE: VIS The author has granted a non- L’auteur a accordé une licence non exclusive exclusive license allowing Library and permettant à la Bibliothèque et Archives Archives Canada to reproduce, Canada de reproduire, publier, archiver, publish, archive, preserve, conserve, sauvegarder, conserver, transmettre au public communicate to the public by par télécommunication ou par l’Internet, prêter, telecommunication or on the Internet, distribuer et vendre des thèses partout dans le loan, distribute and sell theses monde, à des fins commerciales ou autres, sur worldwide, for commercial or non- support microforme, papier, électronique et/ou commercial purposes, in microform, autres formats. paper, electronic and/or any other formats. The author retains copyright L’auteur conserve la propriété du droit d’auteur ownership and moral rights in this et des droits moraux qui protège cette thèse. Ni thesis. Neither the thesis nor la thèse ni des extraits substantiels de celle-ci substantial extracts from it may be ne doivent être imprimés ou autrement printed or otherwise reproduced reproduits sans son autorisation. without the author’s permission. In compliance with the Canadian Conformément à la loi canadienne sur la Privacy Act some supporting forms protection de la vie privée, quelques may have been removed from this formulaires secondaires ont été enlevés de thesis. cette thèse. While these forms may be included Bien que ces formulaires aient inclus dans in the document page count, their la pagination, il n’y aura aucun contenu removal does not represent any loss manquant. of content from the thesis. AUTHOR'S DECLARATION I hereby declare that I am the sole author of this thesis. This is a true copy of the thesis, including any required final revisions, as accepted by my examiners. I understand that my thesis may be made electronically available to the public. ii Abstract This paper adopts a geographical perspective to understand the conceptual and theoretical issues of resort morphology. Resort morphology refers to “the forms and associated functions of a destination area and their development”. Resort towns are differentiated from other urban areas in terms of morphology because of their functional emphasis on tourism. The literature reflects the significant interest of European geographers in the morphological study of coastal resort towns. However, limited attention has been given to resort morphology in developing countries. It is argued that the complex of contextual factors that influence the morphological character of resorts needs to be considered and, furthermore, there is a great need to develop a systematic approach for investigating resort morphology. Based on a review of literature, this paper first introduces the contributions and implications of related research to the understanding of resort morphology: study of resort evolution, the Recreational Business District, urban morphology, and Geographic Information System (GIS) applications. Then, the situation of China is addressed because there is a striking contrast between the rate of change and increasing complexity of Chinese resorts and the very limited amount of studies from either western or Chinese scholars. A quantitative-qualitative mixed research approach is introduced to understand transitional resort morphology in China. It involves classifying land uses, building a descriptive and explanatory framework, creating form- function maps, and the analysis of morphological characteristics. Two study areas are selected for detailed examination: a coastal resort town, Sanya and a lake-based resort town, Wuxi. Morphological changes associated with key contextual factors influencing tourism and recreational development are analyzed in these places. A comparative discussion of Sanya and Wuxi indicates similarities between their development patterns of resort morphology and their present morphological features but significant differences in terms of history, evolutionary process, tourism resources, location and level of economic development. It is less helpful simply to define models applicable to distinct Chinese water-based resort towns than to identify similarities among them. Rules for resort study in the Chinese context are recommended and the characteristics of morphological transformation in a typical water-based resort town are summarized in view of resort development patterns. iii It is indicated that the morphology of a typical water-based resort cluster can be in large part a function of its recreational hinterlands (urban areas), and whether it is well-planned or more naturally developed. Finally, the relationships between contextual factors, tourism development, and resort evolution and resort morphology are interpreted in the context of Chinese water-based resort towns. The significance of morphological research on current as well as past resort structure for future planning and conservation activities is indicated. A systematic approach, which combines the morphological method, the functional method and the evolutionary method, is suggested to study resort morphology. By using resort evolution theory, it is indicated that resort morphology can be clearly identified and explored within a conceptual framework. This study also shows that GIS techniques are highly applicable in the study of resort morphology. This study indicates that water-based resort morphology in China is presently characterized by intensive land use and dense development, fast settlement expansion associated with growing vacation property development, and a generally clustered pattern of accommodation. Tourism planning in China has developed procedures and strategies with little consideration for the historical process. Therefore, this study has implications for making reasonable development strategies and efficiently implemented policies and plans. Academically, resort morphology is clarified in both Chinese and Western contexts. Also, common characteristics of Chinese water-based resort towns are summarized and phenomena generated from western studies are tested in the Chinese cases. Key Words: resort morphology, Chinese water-based resort towns, Sanya, Wuxi, GIS application iv Acknowledgements The journey of a doctoral study brings one into contact with many travelling companions. It becomes so clear in retrospect how many people have given me a hand in such a journey. I owe thanks to those who provided directions, who helped with the load, and those who shared the path. First and foremost, I sincerely appreciate my advisor, Dr. Geoffrey Wall, who gave me wide latitude to pursue questions in the study of resort morphology. His perspective and knowledge helped me to focus on my goals and overcome the challenges throughout this journey. Another advisor of mine, Professor Peter Deadman, has my utmost thanks for his great suggestions and comments on GIS applications in this research. Each of my committee members provided constructive critiques in the dissertation research process. Thanks to Professor Douglas Dudycha, Professor Bryan Smale and Professor Robert Feick for their kindness, direct help and thoughtful comments. Especially, I owe thanks to my advisors, Professor Dudycha and Professor Smale, who gave me great comments on my comprehensive examination and provided their support since the very beginning of this journey. The University of Waterloo was supportive financially throughout this journey and I appreciate the research assistantships, teaching assistantships and scholarships that kept me afloat financially. I own gratitude to my Master’s advisor, Professor Zhang Jie in Nanjing University, who gave me comments and support throughout this journey and helped me greatly in my field survey in China. I want to especially thank Wang Yang, who helped me very much with the field survey in Hainan Province. I express my deep gratitude to people and organizations in Jiangsu and Hainan, China. I was helped at various points with the field survey by Liu Tanghua, Zhong Jing, Sun Mingfang, You Jiong, Feng Songpan, Cai Junshan in Wuxi and Hao Shuwen, Huang Yan, Wen He, Li Bo, Zheng Gang and Cai Shidong in Sanya. I want to express my sincere appreciation to friends in Waterloo, particularly Dianne Pawlowski and Gloria Ichim who contributed a great deal in the proofreading of my research papers. Finally, I want to especially thank my family, who gave me uncountable love. To my dearest mum and dad, only with their enduring understanding and endless support could I follow the twisting path through study and work. v Table of Contents List of Figures.............................................................................................................................x List of Tables............................................................................................................................xii Chapter 1 Introduction ................................................................................................................1
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Phony Colonee These Motels Contained Colonial- Themed Architecture, Featuring Red Brick Facades, Cupolas Or Turret Crowned Roofs
    n the eyes of some, it is as tacky as a plastic pink flamingo on a front lawn in a trailer park. To others, it is a fun, if idealized, throwback to a better Itime. However you view it, there is no doubt it is one of the Garden State’s somewhat underappreciated influences on the world of architecture. Known as Doo-Wop, it found a unique expression that came of age along with a generation of New Jerseyans in the motels of Wildwoods. The Wildwoods You wouldn’t know it to look at it today, but New Jersey’s Wildwoods were once, indeed, a tangle of wild woods. They sit on a six mile long barrier island near the southern tip of the state at Exit 4 on the Garden State Parkway. When one says “The Wildwoods,” they refer collectively to three separate municipalities: North Wildwood, Wildwood, and Wildwood Crest. They were founded by developers between 1880 and 1905, notably including Frederick Swope and his Five Mile Beach Improvement Company, Philip Pontius Baker and his Wildwood Beach Improvement Company, and John Burk with the Holly Beach Improvement Company. All saw the It might be hard to believe now, but The Wildwoods are named island’s potential in terms of the ideal summer resort, or “Cottage Colony.” after woods that were indeed The small fishing village of Anglesea was the first to be founded in 1880, wild. Note the tree in the followed by Wildwood in 1890. In 1906, Anglesea was then repackaged as foreground bent to grow into a letter “W”! the island’s first specifically resort town and renamed North Wildwood.
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogenetic Diversity of Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria In
    Arch Microbiol (2008) 190:19–28 DOI 10.1007/s00203-008-0359-5 ORIGINAL PAPER Phylogenetic diversity of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in mangrove sediments assessed by PCR–denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis Yanying Zhang Æ Junde Dong Æ Zhihao Yang Æ Si Zhang Æ Youshao Wang Received: 26 July 2007 / Revised: 28 February 2008 / Accepted: 3 March 2008 / Published online: 18 March 2008 Ó Springer-Verlag 2008 Abstract Culture-independent PCR–denaturing gradient were used in phylogenetic reconstructions. Most sequences gel electrophoresis (DGGE) was employed to assess the were from Proteobacteria, e.g. a, c, b, d-subdivisions, and composition of diazotroph species from the sediments of characterized by sequences of members of genera Azoto- three mangrove ecosystem sites in Sanya, Hainan Island, bacter, Desulfuromonas, Sphingomonas, Geobacter, China. A strategy of removing humic acids prior to DNA Pseudomonas, Bradyrhizobium and Derxia. These results extraction was conducted, then total community DNA was significantly expand our knowledge of the nitrogen-fixing extracted using the soil DNA kit successfully for nifH PCR bacterial diversity of the mangrove environment. amplification, which simplified the current procedure and resulted in good DGGE profiles. The results revealed a Keywords Mangrove sediments Á novel nitrogen-fixing bacterial profile and fundamental Nitrogen-fixing bacteria Á diazotrophic biodiversity in mangrove sediments, as Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis Á reflected by the numerous bands present DGGE patterns. Multivariate analysis Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) revealed that the sediments organic carbon concentration and available soil potassium accounted for a significant amount of the Introduction variability in the nitrogen-fixing bacterial community composition. The predominant DGGE bands were Mangrove communities are recognized as highly produc- sequenced, yielding 31 different nifH sequences, which tive ecosystems that provide large quantities of organic matter to adjacent coastal waters (Holguin et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Deua National Park
    AUSTRALIA THE AUSTRALIAN c A, ER SPELEOLOGICAL QUARTERLY ~ II No.IIO 1986 II Registered by Australia Post Publication Number NBQ 5116 HEHBKR SOCIETIES & ASSOCIATED ORGANISATIONS COUNCIL HEHBKRS ACT: Canberra Speleological Society 18 Arabana St Aranda ACT 2614 Capital Territory Caving Group PO Box 638 Woden ACT 2606 National University Caving Club c/-Sports Union Australian National university ACT 2600 NSW: Baptist Caving Association 90 Parkes St Helensburg NSW 2508 Blue Mountains Speleological Club PO Box37 Glenbrook NSW 2773 Endeavour Caving & Recreational Club PO Box 63 Miranda NSW 2228 Highland Caving Group PO Box 154 Liverpool NSW 2170 Hills Speoleology Club PO Box 198 Baulkharn Hills NSW 2153 Illawarra Speleological Society PO Box 94 Unanderra NSW 2526 Kempsey Speleological Society 27 River St Kempsey NSW 2440 Macquarie University Caving Group c/-Sports Association Macquarie Uni Nth Ryde NSW 211 3 Metropolitan Speleological Society PO Box 2376 Nth Parramatta NSW 2151 Newcastle And Hunter Valley Speleological Society PO Box 15 Broadrneadow NSW 2292 NSW Institute Of Technology Speleological Society c/-The Union PO Box 123 Broadway NSW 2007 Orange Speleological Society PO Box 752 Orange NSW 2800 RAN Caving Association c/- 30 Douglas Ave Nth Epping NSW 2121 Sydney University Speleological Society Box 35 The Union Sydney University NSW 2006 University Of NSW Speleological Society Box 17 The Union UNSW Kensington NSW 2033 QUEENSLAND: Central Queensland Speleological Society PO Box 538 Rockhampton Qld 4700 University Of Queensland Speleological
    [Show full text]
  • Three Perfect Days
    No matter how many passport stamps you’ve collected, visiting Costa Rica presents a challenge. What seems so small and straightforward on paper—a traveler-friendly nation that’s dwarfed by West Virginia—feels larger than life once you’re on the ground. The seas on either side are separated by rugged mountain ranges, complete with fire-spitting volcanoes and mist-shrouded cloud forests. And the country’s dozen or so distinct ecological zones— which are heavily protected and together account for 5 percent of the world’s biodiversity, including jaguars, sloths, and more than 1,200 species of butterfly—are also home to an abundance of microclimates, each of which has little regard for your plans. It excites the imagination, but also forces hard decisions: Absorb the culture of bustling San José, spy on treetop monkeys on Volcán Arenal, or dive into the cobalt-blue Pacific on Guanacaste’s Gold Coast? You’ll be in a rush to do it all, but remember to slow down. It’s only then that you’ll discover the state of being known as pura Three vida—the true source of Costa Rica’s wealth. Perfect Days Costa Rica By Peter Koch Photography by Matthew Johnson 56 57 56-69_HEMI1019_3PD_3_R1.indd 56 06/09/2019 10:11 56-69_HEMI1019_3PD_3_R1.indd 57 06/09/2019 10:11 DAY 11,260-foot-tall volcano, loom- original intent was to give all with embroidered first com- ing over the skyline. San José is Costa Ricans access to high- munion dresses, Technicolor perched at 3,845 feet above sea brow culture; admission was floral displays, and growers of level, in the mountain-fringed just one colón.
    [Show full text]
  • Multiple Stressors in the Coastal Ocean
    PICES Annual Meeting, Oct. 16, 2013, Nanaimo, Canada Multiple stressors in the coastal ocean Minhan Dai (戴民汉) Collaborators: JW Liu, WP Jing, XH Guo, ZQ Yin 近海海洋环境科学国家重点实验室（厦门大学） State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science (Xiamen University) Overview • Ocean Acidification (OA): Another CO2 problem has emerged– yet coastal ocean more complex • Coastal ecosystems under multiple forcings: temp rising + O2 decline+ acidification within a similar time frame • Need consider the hydrodynamics: e.g., Upwelling/Submarine Groundwater Discharge • OA observation system & multidisciplinary researches essential and consider the multiple stressors at a system level Outline • Coastal Ocean Acidification • Multiple stressors in the Coastal Ocean • Concluding Remarks Ocean Acidification: another CO2 problem: increase in [H+] or drawdown of pH When CO2 invades sea water: - • [HCO3 ]increases 2- • [CO3 ]decreases From PMEL • Ω decreases + + - pH = -log (H ) = -log gH{H } • a small part of HCO3 CaCO3 saturation state: formed dissociates into 2+ 2- + = [Ca ][CO3 ]/Ksp’, carbonates + H (“ocean a > 1 ~supersaturated acidification”) Calcification rate vs. arag in coral reef systems Shamberger et al. (2011) Why Coastal Ocean? • A unique physical- biogeochemical ecosystem links the land and the open ocean but vulnerable • Boundary processes across the land-margin and margin-ocean are key drivers • Characterized by complex circulations, abundant river/groundwater input, dynamic sediment boundary and high productivity: large gradients chemically and biologically An updated province –based global shelf air-sea CO2 flux: ~ 0.36 pg/yr Dai et al., GRL, 2013 Coastal ocean mitigates more CO2 than the open ocean pH dynamics in different marine systems Hofmann et al. (2011) High- Frequency Dynamics of Ocean pH: A Multi-Ecosystem Comparison.
    [Show full text]
  • Interim Report L 2010 an INTERN 2010 a TIONAL AIRPO R T C OM P a N Y LIMITED 海 南 美蘭國際機場股份有限 公 司 Interim R Eport
    HAINAN MEI 中 期 報 告 Interim Report L 2010 AN INTERN 2010 A TIONAL AIRPO R T C OM P A N Y LIMITED 海 南 美蘭國際機場股份有限 公 司 Interim R eport 海南美蘭國際機場股份有限公司 20 海南美蘭國際機場股份有限公司 10 HAINAN MEILAN INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT COMPANY LIMITED 中期報告 HAINAN MEILAN INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT COMPANY LIMITED (於中華人民共和國註冊成立之股份有限公司) (A joint stock company incorporated in the People’s Republic of China with limited liability) 股份代號 : 0357 Stock Code : 0357 Contents Corporate Information 2 Financial Highlights 3 Management Discussion and Analysis 4 Other Information 12 Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet 17 Condensed Consolidated Income Statement 19 Condensed Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income 20 Condensed Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity 21 Condensed Consolidated Cash Flow Statement 22 Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Information 23 Interim Report 2010 Hainan Meilan International Airport Company Limited 1 Corporate Information Chinese Name Legal Address and Head Office 海南美蘭國際機場股份有限公司 Meilan Airport Complex Haikou City English Name Hainan Province, the PRC Hainan Meilan International Airport Company Limited Place of Business in Hong Kong 28/F, Bank of East Asia Harbour View Centre Company Website 56 Gloucester Road www.mlairport.com Wanchai, Hong Kong Executive Directors Legal Adviser Zhao Yahui, Chairman MORRISON & FOERSTER Liang Jun 33/F, Edinburgh Tower Xing Xihong The Landmark Non-executive Directors 15 Queen’s Road, Central Hu Wentai, Vice Chairman Hong Kong Zhang Han’an International Auditors Chan Nap Kee, Joseph PricewaterhouseCoopers Yan Xiang 22/F, Prince’s Building Independent Non-executive Directors Central, Hong Kong Xu Bailing PRC Auditors Fung Ching, Simon Zon Zun Certified Public Accountants George F.
    [Show full text]
  • Report Template Normal Planning Appeal
    Inspector’s Report 300440-17 Development The construction of a single storey discount foodstore (to include off licence use). The development includes the erection of signage. The proposed development will be served by 112 no. car parking spaces with vehicular/pedestrian access will be provided from the Strand Road. The proposed development includes the construction of a single storey ESB sub station, lighting, all landscaping, boundary treatment and site development works. Location Strand Road, Tramore, County Waterford. Planning Authority Waterford City and County Council. Planning Authority Reg. Ref. 17/697. Applicant Aldi Stores Ltd. Type of Application Permission. Planning Authority Decision Refusal of permission. ABP300440-17 Inspector’s Report Page 1 of 35 Type of Appeal First Party Appellant Aldi Stores Ltd. Observer Leefield Ltd. Date of Site Inspection 21st August 2018. Inspector Derek Daly. ABP300440-17 Inspector’s Report Page 2 of 35 1.0 Site Location and Description 1.1. The appeal site is within the built up area of the town of Tramore in relative close proximity to both the town centre and the beachfront. The site is currently vacant with no active use on the site. 1.2. The site has a stated area of 1.02 hectares and is irregular in configuration. The site has road frontage onto Strand Road to the south and southwest. The site also incorporates a roadway off Strand Road referred to as Crescent Road which loops in a semi circular manner around the rear of a number of properties fronting onto Strand Road. This roadway provides access for the site.
    [Show full text]
  • Spatial-Temporal Characteristics of Chlorophyll a Concentration in the Sanya Bay of China
    2010 Second lIT A International Conference on Geoscience and Remote Sensing Spatial-temporal characteristics of chlorophyll a concentration in the Sanya Bay of China C. Y. Shen P. Shi, Q. G. Xing, S. Z. Liang, M. J. Li South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, J. D. Dong e-mail:[email protected] South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China Abstract-The present study investigated the spatial­ With the rapid development of the tourism, industry and temporal characteristics of chlorophyll a (chi-a) fishery, Sanya Bay is facing ecological problem. Study concentration in Sanya Bay by shipboard survey data at 12 showed that parts of the sea area have been polluted in stations from 2006 to 2008, and discussed the relationship different degrees, and some of them were very serious, between chl-a distribution and influential factors using such as the estuary and the harbor [8]. Researches have MOD[S sea surface temperature (SST), sea surface wind been carried out about the biology resource and ecology (SSW) and rainwater runoff data. Results showed that the environment in Sanya Bay [1,6,9,10-13]. However, here is chl-a concentration in Sanya Bay ranged from 0.30 to 13.58 3 lacking of longtime variability of chl-a and it's correlative mg'm- , the average concentration and standard deviation 3 3 factors. The main aim of the present study was to (SD) were 1.49 mg'm- and 1.74 mg'm- respectively.
    [Show full text]
  • Draft 8380, Cave and Karst Resources Handbook
    BLM Manuals are available online at web.blm.gov/internal/wo-500/directives/dir-hdbk/hdbk-dir.html Suggested citation: Bureau of Land Management. 2015. Cave and Karst Resources Management. BLM Manual H-8380-1. *Denver, Colorado. ## Sheet H - 8380 CAVE AND KARST RESOURCES MANAGEMENT HANDBOOK Table of Contents Chapter 1: Introduction ....................................................................................................................... iii I. Handbook Summary ........................................................................................................................................................... 1 Chapter 1: Introduction ...................................................................................................................................................... 1 Chapter 2: Significant Cave Identification and Designation ........................................................................................ 1 Chapter 3: Resource Planning ........................................................................................................................................... 1 Chapter 4: Integrating Surface and Subsurface Resources ........................................................................................... 1 Chapter 5: Implementation Strategies .............................................................................................................................. 1 II. Purpose and Need for Cave/Karst Resources Management .....................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • 5D3N HAINAN ISLAND by LION AIR – STARTING JAKARTA CHENESE NEW YEAR Code
    5D3N HAINAN ISLAND by LION AIR – STARTING JAKARTA CHENESE NEW YEAR Code : Day 1 JAKARTA– HAIKOU (-) Hari ini Anda akan berkumpul di Bandara Soekarno-Hatta untuk melakukan perjalanan menuju kota Haikou. Setibanya anda akan diantar ke hotel untuk beristirahat. Hotel : Hotel *4/ Setaraf Day 2 HAIKOU – WENCHANG (MP/MS/MM) BUS Setelah sarapan anda akan diajak mengunjungi Qilou Arcade Old Streets, yang dibangun pada akhir dinasti Song. Setelah itu Mengunjungi Mission Hills New Town yang merupakan area baru untuk penduduk lokal dan wisatawan dapat berbelanja. Perjalanan dilanjutkan menuju Latex dan Yangshengtang. Setelah itu Anda diantar ke hotel untuk beristirahat. Optional Tour : 1. Night Cruise on Sanya Bay = RMB 230 / Pax 2. Night Cruise Perahu Naga (youngle) on Sanya Bay = RMB 245 / Pax Hotel : Hotel *4/ Setaraf Day 3 WENCHANG – LINGSHUI - SANYA (MP/MS/MM) BUS (ARCADE OLD STREET) HARI 3 WENCHANG – LINGSHUI - SANYA (MP/MS/MM) BUS (ARCADE OLD STREET) Setelah sarapan Pagi, Anda akan diajak mengunjungi Desa Bali, sebuah desa dengan arsitektur bernuansa Bali yang ada di Xinglong. Kemudian mengunjungi Yetian Minority Nationality Village untuk melihat uniknya kehidupan suku minoritas Li dan Miao di Hainan. Perjalanan dilanjutkan menuju Jewelry Shop dan bermalam di kota Sanya. Optional Tour : 1. Las Vegas Show = RMB 270 / Pax 2. Romantix Show = RMB 320 / Pax Hotel : Hotel *4/ Setaraf Day 4 SANYA – HAIKOU ( MP/MS/MM) BUS Setelah sarapan pagi, Anda diajak mengunjungi Dadong Sea, kemudian melewati Giant Tree Hotel. Dilanjutkan berbelanja di toko Bamboo Charcoal dan Fish Oil. Selanjutnya perjalanan dilanjutkan menuju Phoenix Hill Park, dimana Anda dapat melihat pemandangan Kota Sanya dari atas bukit.
    [Show full text]
  • National Speleologi'c-Al Society
    Bulletin Number Five NATIONAL SPELEOLOGI'C-AL SOCIETY n this Issue: CAVES IN WORLD HISTORY . B ~ BERT MORGAN THE GEM OF CAVES' . .. .. • B DALE WHITE CA VE FAUN A, with Recent Additions to the Lit ture Bl J. A. FOWLER CAT ALOG OF THE SOCIETY LJBR R . B)' ROBERT S. BRAY OCTOBER, 1943 PRJ E 1.0 0 . ------------------------------------------- .-'~ BULLETIN OF THE NATIONAL SPELEOLOGICAL SOCIETY Issue Number Five October, 1943 750 Copies. 64 Pages Published sporadically by THE NATIONAL SPELEOLOGICAL SOCIETY, 510 Scar Building, Washington, D. c., ac $1.00 per copy. Copyrighc, 1943, by THE NATIONAL SPELEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. EDITOR: DON BLOCH 5606 Sonoma Road, Bethesda-14, Maryland ASSOCIATE EDITORS: ROBERT BRAY WILLIAM J. STEPHENSON J. S. PETRIE OFFICERS AND COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN *WM. ]. STEPHENSON J. S. PETR'IE *LEROY FOOTE F. DURR President Vice·Prcsidet1l & Secretary Treasurer Pina~iaJ Sect'eIM"J 7108 Prospect Avenue 400 S. Glebe Road R. D. 3 2005 Kansas Avenue Richmond, Va. Arlin-glon, Va. Waterbury, Conn. Richmond, Va. Archeology Fauna Hydrology Programs &. Activities FLOYD BARLOGA JAMES FOWLER DR. WM. M. MCGILL DR. JAMES BENN 202·8 Lee Boulevard 6420 14th Street 6 Wayside Place, University U. S. Nat. Museum Arlington, Va. Washington, D . C. Charlottesville, Va. Washington, D. C. Bibliography &. Library Finance Mapping PubliCity *ROBERT BRAY *l.EROY FOOTB GBORGE CRABB *·Lou KLBWEJ.t R. F. D. 2 R. F. D. 3 P. O. Box 791 Toledo Blade Herndon, Va. Waterbury, Conn. Blacksburg, Va. Toledo, Ohio BuIletin &. Publications Folklore Metnbership DON BLOCH "'CLAY PERRY SAM ALLBN RECORDS 5606 Sonoma Road East Acres 1226 Wel.Jesley Avenue *FLORENCE WHITLI!Y Deorhesda, Md.
    [Show full text]
  • Celebration Worthy: a Lunar New Year Vacation in Sanya
    Voyage / SANYA, CHINA Celebration Worthy: A Lunar New Year Vacation in Sanya Words Snigdha Bhowmick The Chinese New Year is just around the corner and we must all be planning a holiday to celebrate it. How about heading to Right Streets of Sanya during China’s only tropical region and its favourite the Chinese New Year beach destination, Hainan? It is better to celebrations is often head over to Hainan a few days before the decorated with standout festive Chinese New Year season hits home. lanterns As the spring breeze starts to rustle Bottom through the Palm leaves, residents of the A line up on lanterns Phoenix Island, a man-made archipelago and Chinese New Year decorations adorning the just off the mainland set up for the New Year entrances of local shop with 2020 being the Year of the Rat. As soon as visitors get down to the street level, they can expect to find all the buildings adorned with lanterns of varying colours. Now these lanterns are something of a Chinese specialty. Found in every corner of the city during the new year, they are sold at street shops found in most of the shopping complexes. Abounding in colours of Crimson, Gold, Red and Yellow, they are decorated with animal motifs and geometric designs. All in all, they are always prudent to take a few back home. As the New Year comes closer, the streets start bustling with activity. Multiple street art pops up in areas, especially the Quilou Street as locals fill the streets finishing up their shopping over the holiday season.
    [Show full text]