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Tourism Development in Greek Insular and Coastal Areas: Sociocultural Changes and Crucial Policy Issues
Tourism Development in Greek Insular and Coastal Areas: Sociocultural Changes and Crucial Policy Issues Paris Tsartas University of the Aegean, Michalon 8, 82100 Chios, Greece The paperanalyses two issuesthat have characterised tourism development inGreek insularand coastalareas in theperiod 1970–2000. The firstissue concerns the socioeco- nomic and culturalchanges that have taken place in theseareas and ledto rapid– and usuallyunplanned –tourismdevelopment. The secondissue consists of thepolicies for tourismand tourismdevelopment atlocal,regional and nationallevel. The analysis focuseson therole of thefamily, social mobility issues,the social role of specific groups, and consequencesfor the manners, customs and traditionsof thelocal popula- tion.It also examines the views and reactionsof localcommunities regarding tourism and tourists.There is consideration of thenew productive structuresin theseareas, including thedowngrading of agriculture,the dependence of many economicsectors on tourism,and thelarge increase in multi-activityand theblack economy. Another focusis on thecharacteristics of masstourism, and on therelated problems and criti- cismsof currenttourism policies. These issues contributed to amodel of tourism development thatintegrates the productive, environmental and culturalcharacteristics of eachregion. Finally, the procedures and problemsencountered in sustainabledevel- opment programmes aiming at protecting the environment are considered. Social and Cultural Changes Brought About by Tourism Development in the Period 1970–2000 The analysishere focuseson three mainareas where these changesare observed:sociocultural life, productionand communication. It should be noted thata large proportionof all empirical studies of changesbrought aboutby tourism development in Greece have been of coastal and insular areas. Social and cultural changes in the social structure The mostsignificant of these changesconcern the family andits role in the new ‘urbanised’social structure, social mobility and the choicesof important groups, such as young people and women. -
The Primal Greece : Between Dream and Archaeology
The primal Greece : between dream and archaeology Introduction The Aegean civilisations in the French National Archaeological Museum « This unusual form […] reveals an unknown Greece within Greece […] as solemn, profound and colossal as the other is radiant, light and considered; […] all here meets the reputation of the Atrids and brings back the horror of the Achaean fables », wrote on 1830 in front of the walls of Mycenae, the traveller Edgard Quinet, who was passionate about Greek tragedies. Like other travellers before him, he was aware of approaching the memory of an unknown past, of a primal Greece, but he would never have believed that this Greece dated from prehistoric times. It will be the end of the 19th century before the pioneers of archaeology reveal to the world the first civilisations of the Aegean. The « Museum of National Antiquities» played then a key role, spreading the knowledge about these fabulous finds. Here, as well as in the Louvre, the public has been able to meet the Aegean civilisations. The Comparative Archaeology department had a big display case entirely dedicated to them. The exhibition invites visitors back to this era of endless possibilities in order to experience this great archaeological adventure. Birth of a state, birth of an archaeology As soon as it becomes independent (1832), Greece is concerned with preserving its antiquities and creates an Archaeological Service (1834). Shortly afterwards, Ephemeris Archaiologike, the first Greek archaeological review, is founded, at the same time as the Archaeological Society at Athens. The French School at Athens is founded in 1846 in order to promote the study of antiquities, and is followed by a German study Institute in 1874; many other countries will follow the example of France and Germany. -
Northern Gothic: Werner Haftmann's German
documenta studies #11 December 2020 NANNE BUURMAN Northern Gothic: Werner Haftmann’s German Lessons, or A Ghost (Hi)Story of Abstraction This essay by the documenta and exhibition scholar Nanne Buurman I See documenta: Curating the History of the Present, ed. by Nanne Buurman and Dorothee Richter, special traces the discursive tropes of nationalist art history in narratives on issue, OnCurating, no. 13 (June 2017). German pre- and postwar modernism. In Buurman’s “Ghost (Hi)Story of Abstraction” we encounter specters from the past who swept their connections to Nazism under the rug after 1945, but could not get rid of them. She shows how they haunt art history, theory, the German feuilleton, and even the critical German postwar literature. The editor of documenta studies, which we founded together with Carina Herring and Ina Wudtke in 2018, follows these ghosts from the history of German art and probes historical continuities across the decades flanking World War II, which she brings to the fore even where they still remain implicit. Buurman, who also coedited the volume documenta: Curating the History of the Present (2017),I thus uses her own contribution to documenta studies to call attention to the ongoing relevance of these historical issues for our contemporary practices. Let’s consider the Nazi exhibition of so-called Degenerate Art, presented in various German cities between 1937 and 1941, which is often regarded as documenta’s negative foil. To briefly recall the facts: The exhibition brought together more than 650 works by important artists of its time, with the sole aim of stigmatizing them and placing them in the context of the Nazis’ antisemitic racial ideology. -
Greek Tourism and Economic Crisis in Historical Perspective: the Case of Travel Agencies, Interwar Years
Greek tourism and economic crisis in historical perspective: The case of travel agencies, interwar years Abstract The interwar years may be considered as a key period for Greek tourism. Prepaid packages, group carriage, larger hotel and travel firms and finally, state policies signified the transition to modern tourist practices and opened the way to the mass tourism phase after the Second World War. The period under examination has had an ambiguous benchmark, however, in terms of the degree of negative impacts. Undoubtedly the aftermath of the world economic crisis and the following bankruptcy of the Greek state affected all economic activities. Statistics as well as personal business archives reveal the extent of the consequences on Greek tourism and its transition-growth procedure. In the current paper, travel business is examined. More specifically, the types of organisations, motives of entrepreneurship, strategy and management patterns at the time of crisis, are related to the ability of surpassing the problems and to their continuity. The paper suggests that the economic implications were a challenge for Greek tourism and travel business that overcame the problems, in the long term. The private sector tried to exploit the favouring circumstances and the dynamism that followed but this was not the case for the public sector. Introduction Mediterranean economies increasingly rely on tourism revenue; for Greece tourism is considered the main economic activity. Lately, while a deep depression has set in the country, political and economic analysts’ discussion, has focused on tourism and its possibilities to help the economy confront the negative effects of the crisis. A retrospective glance on previous crises may generate interesting observations about policies and strategies to overcome depressions. -
Tourism in Greece!
Tourism in Greece! Semiramis Ampatzoglou Konstantina Vlachou Greece is more preferable for tourists during the summer season because this period of time allows you to enjoy the finest things in our country. Most tourists visit Greece to discover our great history and culture as well as to have fun and relax in our beautiful islands! Greece has a great variety of things you can do and, the most important is that, it even satisfies the most demanding tourists…! Now, let’s show you some places you should definitely visit! Museums The Acropolis Museum: The Acropolis Museum is an archaeological museum focused on the findings of the archaeological site of the Acropolis of Athens. The Archeological Museum of Delphi: The Archaeological Museum of Delphi, one of the most important in Greece, exhibits the history of the Delphic sanctuary, site of the most famous ancient Greek oracle. The National Gallery: The gallery exhibitions are mainly focused on post-Byzantine Greek Art. The gallery owns and exhibits also an extensive collection of European artists. Particularly valuable is the collection of paintings from the Renaissance. Museums The Acropolis Museum The National Gallery of Athens The Archeological Museum of Delphi Monuments The Parthenon: The Parthenon is a temple on the Athenian Acropolis, Greece, dedicated to the goddess Athena, whom the people of Athens considered their patron. The Panathenaic Stadium: The Panathenaic Stadium is located on the site of an ancient stadium and for many centuries hosted games in which naked male athletes competed in track events, athletic championships as we would call them today. The Temple of Olympian Zeus: The Temple of Olympian Zeus is a colossal ruined temple in the centre of the Greek capital Athens that was dedicated to Zeus, king of the Olympian gods. -
Editor's Note
Editor’s Note Dear readers, Although Bauhaus is relevant throughout history, this German school of art remains an open issue in art, architecture, design, and communication, addressing the following question: To what extent is Bauhaus even possible nowadays? Thus, this was our question for the Art Style Magazine's Bauhaus Special Edition. Therefore, in an attempt to showcase some of the most important issues so our readers can attain a broad notion of this German school's legacy, our Editorial Team has been working diligently and participated in several significant events, talks, round tables, and exhibitions. The opening festival and construction of the Bauhaus Museum in Weimar, for example, offered a great view of the importance of the Bauhaus. Above all, in the sense of arts and crafts in connection with industry, this school outlined a relationship of teaching design from product development, consumption to the changes of living together. Recently, the so-called "Fishfilet scandal" – an attempt to prevent a live event by a German rock band – was an important facet in the discussion that the Bauhaus still plays a significant role in the political scene. As artists and politicians said, the ban on concerts means a "terrifying history" for Bauhaus-Dessau. A month ago, we heard news from a round table, and artistic interventions under the title "How political is the Bauhaus?". These talks had taken place in the Haus der Kulturen der Welt (House of World Cultures) in Berlin on January 19, 2019. It was part of the opening festival of Bauhaus's centenary and supported by the Senate Department for Culture and Europe. -
Development of a Cycle-Tourism Strategy in Greece Based on the Preferences of Potential Cycle-Tourists
sustainability Article Development of a Cycle-Tourism Strategy in Greece Based on the Preferences of Potential Cycle-Tourists Efthimios Bakogiannis 1, Thanos Vlastos 1, Konstantinos Athanasopoulos 1, Georgia Christodoulopoulou 1, Christos Karolemeas 1 , Charalampos Kyriakidis 1,*, Maria-Stella Noutsou 2, Trisevgeni Papagerasimou-Klironomou 1, Maria Siti 1, Ismini Stroumpou 2, Avgi Vassi 1, Stefanos Tsigdinos 1 and Eleftheria Tzika 1 1 Department of Geography and Regional Planning, School of Rural and Surveying Engineering, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), 9, H. Polytechniou Str., Zographou Campus, 15780 Athens, Greece; [email protected] (E.B.); [email protected] (T.V.); [email protected] (K.A.); [email protected] (G.C.); [email protected] (C.K.); [email protected] (T.P.-K.); [email protected] (M.S.); [email protected] (A.V.); [email protected] (S.T.); [email protected] (E.T.) 2 AETHON Engineering Consultants P.C., 10678,Athens, Greece; [email protected] (M.-S.N.); [email protected] (I.S.) * Correspondence: [email protected] or [email protected]; Tel.: +30-210-772-11-53 Received: 25 February 2020; Accepted: 17 March 2020; Published: 19 March 2020 Abstract: Cycle-tourism seems to be an emerging touristic model in many countries, including Greece. Although the infrastructure is limited, entrepreneurship can support the development of such tourism sector, as cycle-tourists have specific needs to be met during an excursion. Thus, it would be helpful if stores that meet specific prerequisites could be certificated as cycle-friendly companies. In order for such certification to be developed, it is necessary for those parameters to be defined. -
Tourism and Income in Greece: a Market Solution to the Debt Crisis1
Athens Journal of Tourism - Volume 4, Issue 2 – Pages 97-110 Tourism and Income in Greece: A Market Solution to the Debt Crisis1 By Henry Thompson The tourism industry is showing increased income due to specialization and trade offers Greece the solution to its sovereign debt crisis. Opening the economy to investment and competition, not only in tourism but across all sectors, would raise income and relieve the burden of paying the government debt. This paper assesses the potential of tourism to lead the transformation of Greece into a competitive economy.1 Tourism has steadily grown in Greece over recent decades due to rising incomes worldwide, declining travel cost, and steady investment by the industry. Tourism is showing that moving toward a competitive market economy could raise income and relieve the taxpayer burden of government debt. The present paper evaluates the expanding tourism industry and its potential to influence the rest of the economy. Tourism is an expanding global industry critical to economic growth in a number of countries. The literature on tourism and growth documents this potential especially among developing countries. The situation of Greece is different in that it is a developed country in the European Union. Greece faces a number of well known structural challenges based on the inefficient legal system, archaic labor laws, restricted international investment, burdensome income and sales tax rates, a weak property tax system, and corrupt government. While the tourism industry has the potential to continue raising income, more critically it illustrates the gains from open market competition, specialization, and trade. The first section presents a brief history of the debt crisis in Greece followed by sections on the tourism sector, its relation to the economy, and macroeconomic issues related to tourism. -
Travel Business History in Greece: Entrepreneurial and Financial Practices
Travel business history in Greece: entrepreneurial and financial practices Abstract The current draft paper is a part of an ongoing research in the context of my dissertation regarding the history of tourism and especially the evolution of travel business in Greece since the late 19th century. The information gathered, is mainly primary, and was drawn from the historical Greek press, travel guides, archives of people whose families ran travel enterprises in the past, and archives of public services such as the National Tourism Organization. Tourism-oriented policies were developed in Greece later than in other European countries; important steps were made during the interwar years and after the Second World War. During the pre-First World War era, the private tourism sector was the main driving force of changes in traveling. Travel agencies’ role was of overwhelming importance; Thomas Cook’s agencies changed completely the concept of traveling with the introduction and gradual expansion of pre-paid traveling packages. During the interwar years government intervention started; It then accelerated after the Second World War. Keywords: Tourism, travel agencies, entrepreneurship, finance, public policies Early entrepreneurial and financial practices in the business of travel During the mid-nineteenth century the prevailing circumstances in Greece did not favor a systematic tourism development. The country was preoccupied with efforts to stabilize its political system. In the late 19th century railway transport and road networks were still inadequate1. In the 1880’s Greece under the leadership of Charilaos Trikoupis begun sustained effort for economic development. The improvement of communications and transport was central in these efforts. -
Tourism in Greece 2020 U L B
Travel, Excursions & Sightseeing Tourism in Greece 2020 U L B S O N O K Y M / l e t o c e r G The National Herald T H D E L N A AT ER IONAL H www.thenationalherald.com 2 SPECIAL EDITION JANUARY 2020 Tourism in Greece 2020 THE NATIONAL HERALD ❙ “Greece is a good place for rebirths” Judith Martin Welcome to The National Herald’s first special insert (of many) of 2020! HIS YEAR, we have decided to jumpstart the new urning on summer vacation plans. The Travel Show is To those who have not visited Greece, it is known for Make your decade with an insert focused on various tourist one of the most comprehensive in North America – at - being the birthplace of democracy, the creation of the destinations throughout Greece. We know that as tracting more than 35K attendees and hosting over 750 Olympic Games, and for its unique and historical archi - summer plans winter (finally) sets in here on the east coast of exhibits related to trade and consumer travel. The show tecture. But it is so much more than that. Even the littlest Tthe United States, we Greeks living abroad can’t help it is the ultimate travel and tourism event and aims to pro - moments in Greece have the capacity to fill all your sen - when our minds wander off to our favorite beaches, vil - mote all aspects of tourism worldwide – including local ses at one time. As Henry Miller said, “it takes a lifetime now and lages, and sunsets in the motherland. -
'A Collage of Globalization' in Documenta 11'S Exhibition
‘A Collage of Globalization’ in Documenta 11’s Exhibition Catalogue Antigoni Memou The 11th issue of Documenta — the recurring international exhibition of contemporary art that has been held in Kassel, Germany since 1955 — was conceived as a critical space, within which contemporary art and its relationship to postcolonialism and globalization could be problematized. Its sheer scale preceded any previous issues of Documenta: it took place over eighteen months from March 2001 to September 2002, was curated by Okwui Enwezor and five co-curators — Carlos Basualdo, Ute Meta Bauer, Susanne Ghez, Sarat Maharaj and Octavio Zaya — and consisted of five platforms staged in different world cities. The first four platforms were devised as community-based public discussions and workshops with film and video programmes in Vienna, Berlin, New Delhi, St Lucia, and Lagos, while the fifth one — the exhibition — took place in Kassel. These five themed platforms allowed eighty international contributors across many different disciplines to debate the challenges of contemporary democracy, issues of truth, reconciliation and justice, postcolonial cultural formations and global megacities.1 The primary aims underpinning all five platforms — despite the diversity and complexity of discourses and the range of artistic practices included — were to challenge Documenta’s Western-centrism, both in the spatial and in the cultural-historical sense, and to question universalizing conceptions of cultural and artistic modernity. Enwezor took the 9/11 events in New York as a starting point for rethinking an alternative postcolonial world, positing ‘Ground Zero’ as a symbolic site of 1 These discursive loci that preceded the exhibition in Kassel brought together a great number of collaborators, institutions and foundations, and were perceived as an integral part of the exhibition, rather than as supplementary or complimentary to it. -
People on Both Sides of the Aegean Sea. Did the Achaeans And
BULLETIN OF THE MIDDLE EASTERN CULTURE CENTER IN JAPAN General Editor: H. I. H. Prince Takahito Mikasa Vol. IV 1991 OTTO HARRASSOWITZ • WIESBADEN ESSAYS ON ANCIENT ANATOLIAN AND SYRIAN STUDIES IN THE 2ND AND IST MILLENNIUM B.C. Edited by H. I. H. Prince Takahito Mikasa 1991 OTTO HARRASSOWITZ • WIESBADEN The Bulletin of the Middle Eastern Culture Center in Japan is published by Otto Harrassowitz on behalf of the Middle Eastern Culture Center in Japan. Editorial Board General Editor: H.I.H. Prince Takahito Mikasa Associate Editors: Prof. Tsugio Mikami Prof. Masao Mori Prof. Morio Ohno Assistant Editors: Yukiya Onodera (Northwest Semitic Studies) Mutsuo Kawatoko (Islamic Studies) Sachihiro Omura (Anatolian Studies) Die Deutsche Bibliothek - CIP-Einheitsaufnahme Essays on Ancient Anatolian and Syrian studies in the 2nd and Ist millennium B.C. / ed. by Prince Takahito Mikasa. - Wiesbaden : Harrassowitz, 1991 (Bulletin of the Middle Eastern Culture Center in Japan ; Vol. 4) ISBN 3-447-03138-7 NE: Mikasa, Takahito <Prinz> [Hrsg.]; Chükintö-bunka-sentä <Tökyö>: Bulletin of the . © 1991 Otto Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden This work, including all of its parts, is protected by Copyright. Any use beyond the limits of Copyright law without the permission of the publisher is forbidden and subject to penalty. This applies particularly to reproductions, translations, microfilms and storage and processing in electronic Systems. Printed on acidfree paper. Manufactured by MZ-Verlagsdruckerei GmbH, 8940 Memmingen Printed in Germany ISSN 0177-1647 CONTENTS PREFACE