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Pembagian Waris Pada Komunitas Tamil Muslim Di Kota Medan

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Pembagian Waris Pada Komunitas Tamil Muslim Di Kota Medan PEMBAGIAN WARIS PADA KOMUNITAS TAMIL MUSLIM DI KOTA MEDAN TESIS Oleh MUMTAZHA AMIN 147011016/M.Kn FAKULTAS HUKUM UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2016 Universitas Sumatera Utara PEMBAGIAN WARIS PADA KOMUNITAS TAMIL MUSLIM DI KOTA MEDAN TESIS Diajukan Untuk Memperoleh Gelar Magister Kenotariatan Pada Program Studi Magister Kenotariatan Fakultas Hukum Universitas Sumatera Utara Oleh MUMTAZHA AMIN 147011016/M.Kn FAKULTAS HUKUM UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2016 Universitas Sumatera Utara Judul Tesis : PEMBAGIAN WARIS PADA KOMUNITAS TAMIL MUSLIM DI KOTA MEDAN Nama Mahasiswa : MUMTAZHA AMIN NomorPokok : 147011016 Program Studi : Kenotariatan Menyetujui Komisi Pembimbing (Dr. Edy Ikhsan, SH, MA) Pembimbing Pembimbing (Dr. T. Keizerina Devi A, SH, CN, MHum) (Dr.Utary Maharany Barus, SH, MHum) Ketua Program Studi, Dekan, (Prof.Dr.Muhammad Yamin,SH,MS,CN) (Prof.Dr.Budiman Ginting,SH,MHum) Tanggal lulus : 16 Juni 2016 Universitas Sumatera Utara Telah diuji pada Tanggal : 16 Juni 2016 PANITIA PENGUJI TESIS Ketua : Dr. Edy Ikhsan, SH, MA Anggota : 1. Dr. T. Keizerina Devi A, SH, CN, MHum 2. Dr. Utary Maharany Barus, SH, MHum 3. Prof. Dr. Muhammad Yamin, SH, MS, CN 4. Dr. Rosnidar Sembiring, SH, MHum Universitas Sumatera Utara SURAT PERNYATAAN Saya yang bertanda tangan dibawah ini : Nama : MUMTAZHA AMIN Nim : 147011016 Program Studi : Magister Kenotariatan FH USU Judul Tesis : PEMBAGIAN WARIS PADA KOMUNITAS TAMIL MUSLIM DI KOTA MEDAN Dengan ini menyatakan bahwa Tesis yang saya buat adalah asli karya saya sendiri bukan Plagiat, apabila dikemudian hari diketahui Tesis saya tersebut Plagiat karena kesalahan saya sendiri, maka saya bersedia diberi sanksi apapun oleh Program Studi Magister Kenotariatan FH USU dan saya tidak akan menuntut pihak manapun atas perbuatan saya tersebut. Demikianlah surat pernyataan ini saya buat dengan sebenarnya dan dalam keadaan sehat. Medan, Yang membuat Pernyataan Nama : MUMTAZHA AMIN Nim : 147011016 Universitas Sumatera Utara ABSTRAK Komunitas Tamil Muslim adalah kumpulan populasi orang Tamil atau orang- orang keturunan Tamil yang beragama Islam. Komunitas Tamil Muslim memiliki sistem kekerabatan, perkawinan, dan kewarisan yang masih dipengaruhi oleh corak kebudayaan asli mereka. Mengingat komunitas Tamil Muslim ini sudah beragama Islam maka semestinya berlaku hukum Islam, namun persentuhan budaya dalam menentukan hukum sangat berpengaruh. Dalam penelitian ini dirumuskan permasalahan antara lain bagaimana sistem kewarisan yang digunakan, bagaimana pengaruh hukum waris Islam, dan faktor-faktor apa sajakah yang menghambat penyelesaian waris dalam pembagian waris pada komunitas Tamil Muslim di Kota Medan. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif dan empiris, dimana pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan kajian sosiolegal research atau sebuah kajian hukum dengan mengoptimalkan bahan hukum normatif dan data primer. Terkait jenis data terakhir, data umumnya diperoleh melalui penggalian data informan yang berasal dari ahli waris terkait kasus yang diambil, pada akhirnya analisis data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif, kesimpulan ditarik secara metode deduktif untuk kemudian disajikan dalam bentuk deskriptif. Dari hasil penelitian diketahui dan dapat dijelaskan bahwa sistem kewarisan yang digunakan oleh komunitas Tamil Muslim adalah sistem kewarisan mayorat laki- laki yang mana pada sistem ini sepeninggal pewaris atau yang berarti waris terbuka, yang berhak secara penuh mengambil tanggung jawab atas memimpin, menguasai, dan mengatur harta warisan ialah hanya anak laki-laki tertua. Hukum waris Islam memberikan pengaruh dalam hal penentuan penggolongan ahli waris dan penentuan porsi antara ahli waris laki-laki dan perempuan. Pengaruh hukum waris Islam dalam pembagian waris pada Komunitas Tamil Muslim ini timbul dikarenakan adanya faktor agama dan faktor pendidikan sebagai faktor-faktor yang paling mempengaruhi pilihan hukum yang digunakan seseorang. Faktor-faktor yang menghambat penyelesaian waris pada komunitas Tamil Muslim dapat dibedakan menjadi faktor internal dan faktor eksternal. Faktor internal terdiri dari sistem kekeluargaan komunitas Tamil Muslim yang cenderung tertutup, pilihan hukum yang ditentukan para ahli waris dalam pembagian waris yang tidak konsekuen, dan adanya kontrol yang dominan dari abang tertua. Adapun Faktor eksternal ialah karena pengaruh lingkungan sosial yang terbatas, dan minimnya sosialisasi tentang hukum kewarisan Islam. Kata Kunci : Hukum Waris Islam , Pembagian Waris, Komunitas Tamil Muslim, Pilihan Hukum. i Universitas Sumatera Utara ABSTRACT Tamil Moslem community is a group of Indian Tamils who are Moslems. They have kinship, wedlock, and inheritance which are influenced by their own original culture. Since they become Moslems, they have to comply with the Islamic law. However, it seems that acculturation plays an important role in creating law. The problems of the research were as follows: how about the inheritance system, how about its influence, and what factors which impede the settlement of dispute in inheritance in it its distribution in the Tamil Moslem community in Medan. The research used normative empirical method. The data were gathered by performing sociological research or s judicial research by optimizing judicial normative materials and primary data which were obtained from the informants who were related to the heirs of the inheritance case. The gathered data were analyzed by using qualitatively and the conclusion was drawn deductively and presented descriptively. The result of the research shows that the inheritance system used by the Tamil Moslem community in Medan is male inheritance system in which the oldest man in the family has the right to lead, control, and organize the inheritance. The Islamic inheritance law has its influence in the Tamil Moslems on determining the classification of heirs and the portion between male heirs and female heirs. This influence is caused by religious and educational factors which influence someone in adopting a certain law. The inhibiting factors in settling the dispute in inheritance in Tamil Moslem community in Medan are internal and external factors. Internal factors include consanguinity system in the Tamil Moslem community which tends to be secluded, law which is determined by the heirs in distributing inheritance is not consistent, and dominant control by the oldest brother. External factors include the influence of limited social environment and lack of socialization about the Islamic law. Keywords: Islamic Inheritance Law, Distribution of Inheritance, Tamil Moslem Community, Choice of Law ii Universitas Sumatera Utara KATA PENGANTAR Bismillahirrahmanirrahim..... Puji dan syukur Alhamdulillah kehadirat Allah SWT atas limpahan rahmat dan karunia-Nya penulisan tesis yang berjudul “Pembagian Waris Pada Komunitas Tamil Muslim di Kota Medan” ini telah dapat diselesaikan. Salawat dan salam kepada junjungan Rasulullah Muhammad SAW. Penulisan tesis ini merupakan salah satu persyaratan untuk memperoleh gelar Magister Kenotariatan (M.Kn) pada Fakultas Hukum Universitas Sumatera Utara. Dalam penulisan tesis ini banyak pihak yang telah memberikan bantuan serta dukungan baik berupa waktu, kesempatan, perhatian, arahan, saran-saran, dan ilmu yang berharga sehingga penulisan tesis ini dapat penulis selesaikan. Oleh karenanya ucapan terima kasih secara khusus, ucapan terima kasih dan penghormatan yang tidak tehingga kepada Bapak Dr. Edy Ikhsan, S.H., M.A., Ibu Dr. T. Keizerina Devi Azwar, S.H., C.N., M.Hum., dan Ibu Dr. Utary Maharani Barus, S.H., M.Hum. selaku Komisi Pembimbing penulis yang telah berkenan membantu banyak dalam memperbaiki tesis ini. Selanjutnya ucapan terima kasih penulis sebesar-besarnya kepada : 1. Bapak Prof. Dr. Runtung, S.H., M.Hum., selaku Rektor Universitas Sumatera Utara. 2. Bapak Prof. Dr. Budiman Ginting, S.H., M.Hum., selaku Dekan Fakultas Hukum Universitas Sumatera Utara, atas segenap ilmu yang bermanfaat yang telah disampaikan kepada penulis. iii Universitas Sumatera Utara 3. Bapak Prof. Dr. Muhammad Yamin, S.H., M.S., C.N., selaku Ketua Program Studi Magister Kenotariatan Fakultas Hukum Universitas Sumatera Utara, atas dukungan dalam pemilihan judul tesis ini dan arahan-arahan yang sangat berharga dalam penyelesaian tesis ini, serta terima kasih atas segenap ilmu yang bermanfaat yang telah disampaikan semasa proses perkuliahan. 4. Ibu Dr. T. Keizerina Devi Azwar, S.H., C.N., M.Hum., selaku Sekretaris Program Studi Magister Kenotariatan Fakultas Hukum Universitas Sumatera Utara, atas dukungan dalam pemilihan judul tesis ini dan arahan-arahan yang sangat berharga dalam penyelesaian tesis ini, serta terima kasih atas segenap ilmu yang bermanfaat yang telah disampaikan semasa proses perkuliahan. 5. Bapak, Ibu Dosen pada Program Studi Magister Kenotariatan Fakultas Hukum Universitas Sumatera Utara, atas segenap ilmu yang bermanfaat yang telah disampaikan semasa proses perkuliahan. 6. Seluruh Staff Akademik pada Program Studi Magister Kenotariatan Fakultas Hukum Universitas Sumatera Utara, yang telah banyak memberikan perhatian dan bantuan kepada penulis baik semasa perkuliahan maupun semasa menyelesaikan tesis ini. 7. Motivator terbesar, orang-orang yang paling berharga dalam hidup penulis, yang tidak henti-hentinya memberikan dukungan materil maupun imateril, cinta kasih, dan doa. Terima kasih yang tiada terhingga kepada Ammi Hj. Aneezah Saleh, Appa H. Muhammad Amin Maricar, Adik-adik penulis Muhammad Shaik Zakaria, Shulthanah
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