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Geometric Design Guidelines for Suburban High-Speed Curb and Gutter Roadways

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Geometric Design Guidelines for Suburban High-Speed Curb and Gutter Roadways Technical Report Documentation Page I. Report No. I 2. Government Accession No. 3. Recipient's Catalog No. FHWA!fX-95/1347-IF 4. Title and Subtitle 5. Report Date GEOMElRIC DESIGN GUIDELINES FOR SUBURBAN HIGH-SPEED CURB August 1994 AND GUTIER ROADWAYS Revised: May 1995 6. Performing Organization Code 7. Author( s) 8. Performing Organization Report No. Daniel B. Fambro, R. Lewis Nowlin, Steven P. Warren, Krista A. Lienau, John M. Mounce, Roger P. Bligh, King K. Mak, and Hayes E. Ross Research Report 134 7 -1 F 9. Performing Organization Name and Address 10. WorkUnitNo. Texas Transportation Institute The Texas A&M University System College Station, Texas 77843-3135 11. Contract or Grant No. Study No. 0-1347 12. Sponsoring Agency Name and Address 13. Type of Report and Period Covered Texas Department of Transportation Final: Research and Technology Transfer Office September 1992-August 1994 P. 0. Box 5080 14. Sponsoring Agency Code Austin, Texas 78763-5080 15. Supplementary Notes Research performed in cooperation with the Texas Department of Transportation and the U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration. Research Study Title: Design Criteria For Suburban High-Speed Curb and Gutter Sections 16. Abstract The objective of this study was the development of geometric design guidelines for suburban, high-speed curb and gutter roadways. Design elements that were addressed included design speed, alignment, cross section, drainage, driveways, and sight distance. Safety studies, operational studies and clear zone studies were conducted. Field data collection sites for the studies were selected from various areas throughout the state of Texas. The safety studies analyzed the safety effects of high-speed curb and gutter roadway sections through accident rates, accident severities, and accident characteristic frequencies. The operational studies included a study concerning shoulder requirements and two-way left-tum lane (TWL TL) requirements. The clear zone study was conducted to determine the most · appropriate and cost-beneficial clear zone width requirements for suburban high-speed curb and gutter sections. The resultant guidelines were based on the input from a panel of experts and the results of several safety, operational, and computer simulation studies. They were prepared in a fonnat such that they can be inserted into the current edition of TxDOT' s Design Manual. The geometric design criteria for suburban highways were prepared in both English and metric units. Adoption of these guidelines should result in a consistent, safe and defensible set of geometric design guidelines for suburban high-speed curb and gutter roadways. 17. Keywords 18. Distribution Statement No restrictions. This document is available to the public Design Criteria, Suburban, High-Speed, Curb and Gutter, through NTIS: Accidents, Shoulder, TWL TL, Clear Zone National Technical Information Service 5285 Port Royal Road Springfield, Virginia 22161 19. Security Classif.( of this report) 20. Security Classif.(ofthis page) 21. No. of Pages I 22. Price Unclassified I Unclassified 253 Form DOT F 1700.7 (8-72) Reproduction of completed page authorized GEOMETRIC DESIGN GUIDELINES FOR SUBURBAN HIGH-SPEED CURB AND GUTTER ROADWAYS by Daniel B. Fambro, P.E. Associate Research Engineer, Texas Transportation Institute Associate Professor, TAMU Department of Civil Engineering R. Lewis Nowlin, Research Assistant Texas Transportation Institute Steven P. Warren, P.E., Engineer II Texas Department of Transportation Krista A Lienau, Research Assistant Texas Transportation Institute John M. Mounce, P .E., Research Engineer Texas Transportation Institute Roger P. Bligh, Engineering Research Associate Texas Transportation Institute King K. Mak, P.E., Research Engineer Texas Transportation Institute Hayes E. Ross, P .E., Research Engineer Texas Transportation Institute Research Report 134 7-1 F Research Study Number 0-134 7 Research Study Title: Design Criteria for Suburban High-Speed Curb and Gutter Sections Sponsored by the Texas Department of Transportation In Cooperation with U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration August 1994 Revised: May 1995 TEXAS TRANSPORTATION INSTITUTE The Texas A&M University System College Station, Texas 77843-3135 IMPLEMENTATION STATEMENT This study developed geometric design guidelines for suburban high-speed curb and gutter roadways in response to a void in current design policies. These guidelines were based on the results of several safety, operational, and computer simulation studies. They have been prepared in a format such that they can be inserted into the current edition of the TxDOT Design Manual. Both English and metric versions of the guidelines are included as appendices to this report. Adoption of these guidelines should result in a consistent, safe, and defensible set of geometric design criteria for suburban high-speed curb and gutter roadways. There are no costs associated with implementing the results of this research. Pagev DISCLAIMER The contents of this report reflect the views of the authors, who are responsible for the opinions, findings, and conclusions presented herein. The contents do not necessarily reflect the official views or policies of the Texas Department of Transportation or the Federal Highway Administration. This report does not constitute a standard, specification, or regulation and is NOT INTENDED FOR CONSTRUCTION, BIDDING, OR PERMIT PURPOSES. The engineer in charge was Daniel B. Fambro, P.E. No. 47535. Page vii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The research reported herein was performed by the Texas Transportation Institute as part of a study entitled "Geometric Design Standards for Suburban High-Speed Curb and Gutter Roadways" and was sponsored by the Texas Department of Transportation in cooperation with the U. S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration. Daniel B. Fambro, P.E. No. 47535 (Texas), of the Texas Transportation Institute, served as the research supervisor, and Bill Crumley, P.E., of the Texas Department of Transportation's Brownwood District, served as the research project director. The authors wish to acknowledge the technical contributions and constructive suggestions of the research project's technical committee that met several times in Austin: Tom Beeman and Terry McCoy of the Design Division, Rick Collins of the Traffic Operations Division, Mark Read of the Amarillo District, Richard Skopic of the Tyler District, Craig Warren of the El Paso District, and Bob Musselman of the Federal Highway Administration. We would like to thank the district engineers and their staffs for responding to our survey, helping identify potential study sites, and providing additional information whenever it was needed. The authors also wish to acknowledge the contributions of the research assistants and student technicians at the Texas Transportation Institute who helped collect, reduce, and analyze the data for this report. Specifically, we would like to thank Lee Anne Shull and Melinda Butts for their contributions in preparing the :final report. Page viii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page LIST OF FIGURES . xii LIST OF TABLES .......................................................... xiii SUMMARY ................................................................ xv 1.0 INTRODUCTION ......................................................... 1 1.1 PROBLEM STATEMENT ............................................. 2 1.2 OBJECTIVES ....................................................... 3 1.3 REPORT ORGANIZATION ............................................ 3 2.0 BACKGROUND .......................................................... 5 2.1 INTRODUCTION .................................................... 5 2.2 GEOMETRIC DESIGN PROCEDURE ................................... 5 2.2.1 Traffic Characteristics .......................................... 5 2.2.2 Speed Characteristics .......................................... 6 2.3 GEOMETRIC DESIGN ELEMENTS ..................................... 7 2.3.1 Alignment ................................................... 8 2.3 .2 Cross Section ................................................ 9 2.3.3 Curbs ...................................................... 12 2.4 SAFETY OF DESIGN AND OPERATIONAL FEATURES .................. 13 2.4.1 Medians .................................................... 13 2.4.2 Pavement and Shoulder Width .................................. 14 2.4.3 Access Control .............................................. 14 2.4.4 Traffic Volumes ............................................. 15 2.4.5 Roadside Features ............................................ 15 2.5 CLEAR ZONE CONCEPT ............................................ 16 2.6 CURRENT GEOMETRIC DESIGN PRACTICES ......................... 17 2. 7 TRAFFIC CONFLICTS TECHNIQUE .................................. 20 3.0 SAFETY STUDIES ....................................................... 23 3.1 STUDY DESIGN .................................................... 23 3 .1.1 Site Selection ............................................... 24 3 .1.2 Data Collection .............................................. 25 3.2 ACCIDENT RATES ................................................. 26 3.2.1 Average Daily Traffic ......................................... 29 3 .2.2 Site Configuration and Driveway Density ......................... 30 3.3 ACCIDENT SEVERITIES ............................................ 32 3.4 ACCIDENT CHARACTERISTIC FREQUENCIES ........................ 32 3.4.1 Visibility ..................................................
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