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Summary of Sensory Team Manager Duties
Link to thesis website Chapter 6 Competing speech communities Chapter 6 Competing speech communities The final chapter of this section focuses on the evolution of folk tradition, and the new spaces created for performance, within the Celto-Cornish movement through the latter half of the twentieth century to the current era of festival culture and Pan- Celticism. It makes the case that the Celto-Cornish movement and the folk revival that arrived in Cornwall in the sixties represent different speech communities, which competed for ownership of oral folk tradition and the authenticity it represented. It must be also be recognised that there is a third speech community with a stake in the celebration of tradition, the local community within which it takes place. One outcome of these competing speech communities is the way in which the same folk phenomena will be used to express quite different identities. The Padstow May Day festivities for example are a celebration that firstly represents a sense of the towns community1 and secondly a Celto-Cornish tradition2 but at the same time is used as an icon by the English Folk Dance And Song Society.3 Underlying this discussion, however, must be the recognition that identity is chaotically unique for each individual and each group of individuals, all of which are at the centre of a “complex web of being”.4 In order to pursue this argument it is first necessary to revisit and examine more closely what is meant by a speech community and how this might affect performance and meaning within oral folk tradition. -
BRENDAN Mcmahon Folklore, Loss, and Social Change in Nineteenth
Folklore, Loss, and Social Change in Nineteenth Century Cornwall BRENDAN McMAHON Introduction: the historical context The nineteenth century was a period of unprecedented social and economic change, at least in France and England. From France emerged the possibility of political transformation, which was to have profound historical consequences, and from England the no less momentous possibility of industrial transformation, forces which combined to create a triumphant liberal capitalism, which consolidated and extended its power in the latter half of the century.1 Britain, where much of this process began, was of course a scene of unprecedented social and industrial change at this time. Between 1831 and 1901 the population increased by ten percent in each decade, and cities grew disproportionately: when Victoria came to the throne only five towns in England and Wales had a population of more than 100,000; by the end of the reign, there were twenty three.2 Cornwall too was transformed: the population increased from 192,000 to 322,000, though it fell during the last three decades of the century due to recession and emigration, as we shall see.3 Cornish people played a big part in the transformation of Britain, and the wider world, and it would be hard to imagine the Industrial Revolution without Humphry Davy, Richard Trevithick, and the countless Cornish engineers and miners who made the wheels turn, everywhere from Mexico to South Australia.4 The landscape itself was changed forever. At the beginning of the century Cornwall was the world’s biggest copper producer, and technological innovation caused both copper and tin production to soar; old mines were re-opened and between 1800 and 1837 the number of workings rose from seventy five to over 200. -
"Bringin' the Dunkey Down from the Carn:” Cornu-English in Context
“Bringin’ the Dunkey Down from the Carn:” Cornu-English in Context 1549-2005 – A Provisional Analysis Alan M. Kent (Open University, United Kingdom) 1. Introduction They do tell ’ow Jan ’ad a lil dunkey an kept’n spragged out up Carnmenellis; everybody knawed there was only furze an browse up there, so somebody said to Jan, “Ere. Jan. ’Ow ee come kaype yer dunkey up Carnmenellis? There edn much for’n aate up there, you.” “No,” said Jan. “Edn much for’n aate you – but ee got some ’ansome view!” (Tan- gye 1995: 19f.) In the three previous volumes of The Celtic Englishes, there has been com- paratively little discussion of Cornu-English. Aside from some perceptive re- marks from Payton, in a chapter mainly devoted to the ideology of the Cornish Language Revival (1997: 100-122), no new significant scholarship has emerged. My purpose in this chapter is to offer provisional corrective – metaphorically, bringing Jan’s dunkey down from the Carn – and offer a reassessment of the state of Cornu-English speech and writing within a historical context from 1549 – roughly the period that the English language began to rapidly replace Cornish in the territory of Cornwall, through its subsequent development as the primary linguistic group, to an examination of its current status. I write as an observer and commentator, but also a practitioner of Cornu-English writing. The section quoted at the start of this chapter is from a typical Cornu-English story titled “The Wrasslin’ Match” by Michael Tangye, a prize-winning story in the Dialect Prose competition from the 1994 Cornish Gorseth,1 yet we note that narratives such as this, are for the most part, relatively unchanged from their nineteenth-century counterparts. -
A Brief History of the Cornish Language, Its Revival and Its Current Status Siarl Ferdinand University of Wales Trinity Saint David
e-Keltoi: Journal of Interdisciplinary Celtic Studies Volume 2 Cultural Survival Article 6 12-2-2013 A Brief History of the Cornish Language, its Revival and its Current Status Siarl Ferdinand University of Wales Trinity Saint David Follow this and additional works at: https://dc.uwm.edu/ekeltoi Part of the Celtic Studies Commons, English Language and Literature Commons, Folklore Commons, History Commons, History of Art, Architecture, and Archaeology Commons, Linguistics Commons, and the Theatre History Commons Recommended Citation Ferdinand, Siarl (2013) "A Brief History of the Cornish Language, its Revival and its Current Status," e-Keltoi: Journal of Interdisciplinary Celtic Studies: Vol. 2 , Article 6. Available at: https://dc.uwm.edu/ekeltoi/vol2/iss1/6 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by UWM Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in e-Keltoi: Journal of Interdisciplinary Celtic Studies by an authorized administrator of UWM Digital Commons. For more information, please contact open- [email protected]. A Brief History of the Cornish Language, its Revival and its Current Status Siarl Ferdinand, University of Wales Trinity Saint David Abstract Despite being dormant during the nineteenth century, the Cornish language has been recently recognised by the British Government as a living regional language after a long period of revival. The first part of this paper discusses the history of traditional Cornish and the reasons for its decline and dismissal. The second part offers an overview of the revival movement since its beginnings in 1904 and analyses the current situation of the language in all possible domains. -
White Paper for Culture Economic Opportunity with Cultural Excellence
White Paper for culture Economic opportunity with cultural excellence October 2012 We believe that it is the combination of our vibrant cultural offer and outstanding natural environment that gives Cornwall a distinctive edge and an international profile. Contents Pagee 4. Foreword Cllr Joan Symoons Page 6. Foreword Cornish languagee version PaPage 8. 1. Introduction Page 9. 2. Context 2.1 The case for culu ture 2.2 Definition and scope Paage 13.3 2.3 What we already have 3. Culturaltural invenvesstmmenentt 3.1 Areas of focus 3.2 Goalls 3.3 Outcomes and impactts PaPagee 18.8 3.4 Financing 4. Generating ideas, creating the annual action plan and securing investment 4.4 1 Genen raratting ideas Page 20. 4.2 Seecuring investmt ent 5. Research and evaluation Page 21. 5. Action plan 2012/2013 White Paper for Culture 2012 3 Foreword GREEN PAPER CULTUREFOR Cllr Joan Symons Reflections on the Green Paper The broad defi nition of culture didn’t relate In 2010 Cornwall Council published a Green to the proposed actions. Paper for Culture. This consultation document We are now specifi c about which areas of set out a range of ideas for supporting the cultural activity fall within this programme cultural sector over the next fi ve years. and have identifi ed those areas that are being We received over 350 responses and were supported elsewhere in the Council and by the delighted by their quality and quantity. I Cornwall Cultural Partnership. would like to thank all those who contributed; We are also now specifi c about which broad it demonstrated to us the commitment and investments and opportunities we will passion for culture that exists across Cornwall. -
Tam Kernewek for More Materials
Tam Kernewek “ A bit of Cornish” Volume 32 Issue 4 Winter 2014 CORNWALL – MEXICO LINKS In October representatives of the Redruth—Real del Monte Twinning Association visited in Mexico for twelve days at the time of the 6th International Paste Festival. Many interesting events took place during their time there, and fascinating connections were made. Particularly significant connections were created between schools in the Redruth area and the schools in Real del Monte. Association secretary and Redruth Town councilor Deborah Reeve indicated that creating links of this kind was one of the aims of Twinning Association when it was formed at the beginning of this year. Prior to the visit to Mexico a connection had already been made between Treleigh Primary school and an equiva- lent school in Real del Monte. The delegation also carried with them letters of introduction from Illogan and St. Day & Carharrack primary schools and Cornwall College. Mrs. Reeve visited several schools while in Mexico and was overwhelmed by the enthusiasm of the local school children who immediately came forward with ideas, letters and e-mails to make the most of the links. Before returning home she was given a tour of the facilities of Magattzi School by head teacher David Ortiz Licona. Upon return to Redruth members of the Twinning Association met with Redruth School head teacher Craig Mar- tin and six children from the year 7 Spanish class. Letters from students at Magattzi were delivered and a commitment was made to begin this exciting connection. Ian Thomas (vice chair), Redruth School head teacher Craig Mar- tin, Deborah Reeve (secretary Redruth-Real del Monte Twinning Association), Manny Hernandez (chairman of the Twinning Asso- ciation) and year seven Spanish pupils celebrate the new link. -
Cornwall a Celtic Nation Author(S): Henry Jenner Source: the Celtic Review, Vol
Cornwall a Celtic Nation Author(s): Henry Jenner Source: The Celtic Review, Vol. 1, No. 3 (Jan., 1905), pp. 234-246 Published by: Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/30069809 Accessed: 24-12-2015 01:23 UTC Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at http://www.jstor.org/page/ info/about/policies/terms.jsp JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. http://www.jstor.org This content downloaded from 138.253.100.121 on Thu, 24 Dec 2015 01:23:14 UTC All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions 234 THE CELTIC REVIEW CORNWALL A CELTIC NATION1 HENRYJENNER THE history of Cornwall proves it to have been a separate nation in the past-separate from England on the one side and from the rest of Celtia on the other, ever since the progress of the Saxon conquest separated the Britons into different nationalities. No doubt the Cornish on occasions joined with Cambria and Armorica under one leader against their common enemy. They did this under their own Arthur in the sixth century, and under Rhodri Molwynog of Gwy- nedd and Ivor map Alan of Brittany in the eighth century; but these were temporary military emperors, and Cornwall continued to be governed by its own kings, Constantine ap Cador, Conan, Gerrans, Teuder, Blederic, Duniert, Hoel, and the rest, until Athelstan in 935 drove the Cornish out of Devon and set the Tamar for their boundary. -
Celtic Cornwall … Exploring Identity
Celtic Cornwall (Exploring Identity) By Chris Dunkerley - Cornish Bard (Kevrenor), CyC Associate of the Institute of Cornish Studies, Cornish rep. to Celtic Council Of Australia (in NSW) Hon. Secretary of the Cornish Association of NSW INTRODUCTION CELTIC? CORNWALL? SOME ELEMENTS OF IDENTITY - Popular Consciousness - Constitution - History & Landscape - Mining - Language - Music, Song and Dance - Food - Some Customs - Gorseth KERNOW BYS VYKKEN ______________________________________________________________________________ Introduction Celtic Cornwall? Is this a title than can be given to my little ancestral land by the sea in north west Europe? There have been competing views about what constitutes Celtic Cornwall. As Amy Hale stated in an article; “During the course of the (Cornish) Revival too much time and energy has been spent justifying Cornwall’s Celticity!”…. One asks, why was there any doubt?” To which I am tempted to reply – ‘who cares? .. we know we are the Celtic Cornish so let’s get on with life!’ But given that you have probably come expecting a workshop on the very subject I had better restrain myself. In essence today I will seek to explore with you the dual nature of being Cornish - that of the context in which one exists, and a continuing Celtic identity which largely comes from within. Along the way I will heavily draw heavily on others who are more learned than me, look at some elements such as language, and we may also have some fun. It is worth looking first in depth at the two words that make up the title of this workshop. Celtic? Whenever and wherever the term Celtic is used, it seems to mean something different! There is part of me that says, ‘well that’s very Celtic’! I am sure we all hold a different picture in our minds. -
Orthographies and Ideologies in Revived Cornish
Orthographies and ideologies in revived Cornish Merryn Sophie Davies-Deacon MA by research University of York Language and Linguistic Science September 2016 Abstract While orthography development involves detailed linguistic work, it is particularly subject to non-linguistic influences, including beliefs relating to group identity, as well as political context and the level of available state support. This thesis investigates the development of orthographies for Cornish, a minority language spoken in the UK. Cornish is a revived language: while it is now used by several hundred people, it underwent language death in the early modern era, with the result that no one orthography ever came to take precedence naturally. During the revival, a number of orthographies have been created, following different principles. This thesis begins by giving an account of the development of these different orthographies, focusing on the context in which this took place and how contextual factors affected their implementation and reception. Following this, the situation of Cornish is compared to that of Breton, its closest linguistic neighbour and a minority language which has experienced revitalisation, and the creation of multiple orthographies, over the same period. Factors affecting both languages are identified, reinforcing the importance of certain contextual influences. After this, materials related to both languages, including language policy, examinations, and learning resources, are investigated in order to determine the extent to which they acknowledge the multiplicity of orthographies in Cornish and Breton. The results of this investigation indicate that while a certain orthography appears to have been established as a standard in the case of Breton, this cannot be said for Cornish, despite significant amounts of language planning work in this domain in recent years. -
Broadhurst, K. Cornish Language
h t t p s : / / d o i . o r g / 1 0 . 4 7 9 6 7 / Q H K F 3 7 9 1 N O V E M B E R 2 0 2 0 V O L U M E 6 T H E D E A T H A N D S U B S E Q U E N T R E V I V A L O F T H E C O R N I S H L A N G U A G E Kensa Broadhurst University of Exeter Abstract Cornish is the vernacular language of Cornwall, the most South-Western part of Great Britain. It is widely believed the language died out in the eighteenth century with the death of Dolly Pentreath, the so-called last speaker of the language. What caused the language to become extinct, and why do minority languages fall into disuse? After the subsequent Cornish language revival at the beginning of the twentieth century, what lessons can the language community learn from linguists who have researched language extinction and revival? I. Introduction po dres dispresyans heb dyskans. Gwell My a vynnsa skrifa a-dro dhe’m hwithrans yw gans nebes tus kewsel an yeth rann yn kever mernans yethow yn ollgemmyn vrassa rag achesonyow politek po erbysek, ha mernans an yeth Gernewek yn ha wosa termyn hir an poblans a dhalleth arbennek. Yn ow breus vy yma meur a dhe dhos ha bos diwyethek. Rag an nessa dhyskansow rag an gemeneth henedhow gwella yw kewsel an yeth rann kernewegoryon dhe dhyski dhyworth fatel vrassa hepken ha wortiwedh, an yeth wra hedhi mernans an yethow. -
Articles Assessment
Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities – Assessment of the Articles Article & Description From the Explanatory Report Achievements to date Proposed actions Article 1 The main purpose of Article 1 is to specify that the The Cornish are now recognised as a A plaque to celebrate The protection of national minorities and protection of national minorities, which forms an national minority within the UK as Cornish Minority Status of the rights and freedoms of persons integral part of the protection of human rights, does described in the Framework Convention being recognised belonging to those minorities forms an not fall within the reserved domain of States. The for the Protection of National Minorities. integral part of the international statement that this protection "forms an integral part of This follows an extensive campaign over protection of human rights, and as such the international protection of human rights" does not a long number of years by many falls within the scope of international co- confer any competence to interpret the present committed individuals and organisations, operation Framework Convention on the organs established by supported by Cornwall Council and the the ECHR. former County Council. 31. The article refers to the protection of national minorities as such and of the rights and freedoms of persons belonging to such minorities. This distinction and the difference in wording make it clear that no collective rights of national minorities are envisaged (see also the commentary to Article 3). The Parties do however recognise that protection of a national minority can be achieved through protection of the rights of individuals belonging to such a minority. -
Employing Cornish Cultures for Community Resilience
Employing Cornish Cultures for Community Resilience. Submitted by Neil Patrick Martyn Kennedy to the University of Exeter as a thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Cornish Studies. Submitted in February 2013. This thesis is available for the library use on the understanding that it is copyright material and that no quotation from the thesis may be published without proper acknowledgement. I certify that all material in this thesis which is not my own work has been identified and that no material has previously been submitted and approved for the award of a degree by this or any other university. Signature: …………………………………….. 1 Abstract. Employing Cornish Cultures for Community Resilience. Can cultural distinctiveness be used to strengthen community bonds, boost morale and equip and motivate people socially and economically? Using the witness of people in Cornwall and comparative experiences, this discussion combines a review of how cultures are commodified and portrayed with reflections on well-being and ‘emotional prosperity’.1 Cornwall is a relatively poor European region with a cultural identity that inspires an established ethno-cultural movement and is the symbolic basis of community awareness and aspiration, as well as the subject of contested identities and representations. At the heart of this is an array of cultures that is identified as Cornish, including a distinct post-industrial inheritance, the Cornish Language and Celtic Revivalism. Cultural difference has long been a resource for cultural industries and tourism and discussion of using culture for regeneration has accordingly concentrated almost exclusively on these sectors but an emergent ‘regional distinctiveness agenda’ is beginning to present Cornish cultures as an asset for use in branding and marketing other sectors.