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County Drought Contingency Plan Garissa County

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County Drought Contingency Plan Garissa County E U COUNTY GOVERNMENT OF GARISSA NDMA COUNTY DROUGHT CONTINGENCY PLAN GARISSA COUNTY FEBRUARY 2014 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I wish to acknowledge the efforts of the technical departments who compiled this document. These are • National drought management authority • Agriculture • Livestock • Water • Education • Heath and nutrition • Conflict and peace building • Kenya Red Cross Society I appreciate the efforts and support in planning, undertaking and preparing this documents by the following partners The county Government of Garissa African development solution -ADESSO Veterinary San Frontieres – BELGIUM The success of this work depends upon both the collective and individual representation these stakeholders availed to the preparation of the county drought contingency plan. Dr. Mohamed keinan County Drought Coordinator National Drought Management Authority- Garissa i LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS NDMA- National Drought Management Authority ASAL – Arid and Semi Arid Lands CP- Contingency Plan CSG- County Steering Group DMC- Drought Management Cycle DS – Drought Scenarios KFSSG – Kenya food Security Steering Group MOA- Ministry of Agriculture CG – County Government MOE- Ministry of Education MOLD-Ministry of Livestock Development MOH- Ministry of Health MOW&I – Ministry of Water and Irrigation NG- national Government CTK – Crisis Tool Kit NDCF – National Drought Contingency Fund CDC – County Drought Coordinator CDRO – County Drought Response Officer CRO – County Resilience Officer CO – Chief Officer SOP- Standard operating Procedures DCF- Drought Contingency Fund M&E- Monitoring and Evaluation ii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The arid and semi-arid lands (ASALs) of Kenya make up more than 80 per cent of the country’s land mass, and are home to more than 30 per cent of the population and nearly half its livestock. Nomadic pastoralism, the predominant livelihood in the ASALs, is the only form of productive land use through periods of poor and erratic rains; indeed, it may be difficult to conceive another livelihood more suited to this environment despite instance where alternative/complementary livelihood are often mentioned.. Drought is a common phenomenon in Kenya, particularly in the Asal counties .its occurrence increases with the increased variability caused by climate change. Given its slow onset, drought can be predicted, managed and should never turn into famine, hence the need to develop this comprehensive drought contingency plan for Garissa county., The development of this strategic and sustainable responses in this plan involved participation of various stakeholders including representative from all the sub-counties .the plan has six sections namely livestock,agriculture,education water ,conflict and health/nutrition .the county stakeholders have developed this county drought contingency plan to assist individuals and organizations through a process of identifying specific actions in each drought phase that can be taken to reduce drought risks. The first chapter of this Drought contingency Plan provides general overview of the county. Chapter two to seven discusses each sector in details per livelihood zone. For each sector, the following key areas are systematically covered: an overview of the sector, drought scenario, drought indicators, intervention plans and finally intervention budgets for each drought stage. The document also highlights standard operating procedures (SOP) in the face of a drought event as contained in NDMA’s response manual. Thank you County drought coordinator NDMA GARISSA iii Contents ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................................................................. I EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................ III CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................... 1 1.1 County profile .................................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Demographic data ............................................................................................................ 1 1.3 Administrative Units And Population Per Sub County And Divisions ........................... 2 1.4 Livestock and livestock population ............................................................................... 2 CHAPTER TWO: METHODOLOGY .............................................................................................................. 4 2.1 Contingency Planning and Drought Cycle Management................................................. 4 2.2 Drought Early Warning Phase Classification .................................................................. 5 2.2.1ENVIRONMANTAL INDICATORS ................................................................................. 6 2.3 Measuring Socio-Economic Effects ................................................................................ 7 2.4 Methodology to Establish Early Warning Phase Classification ...................................... 9 CHAPTER THREE: CONTEXT ANALYSIS .................................................................................................... 13 Overview .............................................................................................................................. 13 3.1 Livelihood zones ............................................................................................................ 13 3.2 Wealth Breakdown for the Reference Year (2011-2012) .............................................. 28 3.3 Source of food for the Reference Year (2011-12) ......................................................... 28 3.4 Source of Cash for the Reference Year(2011-2012) ...................................................... 29 3.5 Expenditure Patterns for the Reference Year (2011-2012)............................................ 30 CHAPTER 4: SECTOR INTERVENTIONS .................................................................................................... 31 4.1 Livestock Sector............................................................................................................. 31 4.2 Health and Nutrition Sector ........................................................................................... 56 4.3 Water Sector................................................................................................................... 69 4.4 Agriculture Sector .......................................................................................................... 78 4.5 Education Sector ............................................................................................................ 92 4.6 Social Protection .......................................................................................................... 104 4.7 Conflict and Security Sector ........................................................................................ 108 CHAPTER FIVE: OVERALL MANAGEMENT AND COORDINATION .......................................................... 118 5.1 Standard Operating Procedures.................................................................................... 118 5.2 Response Taskforces/ Working groups ....................................................................... 118 CHAPTER SIX: PROCEDURES FOR DISBURSEMENT OF DROUGHT CONTINGENCY FUND....................... 128 6.1 Drought Contingency Fund (DCF) Business Process .................................................. 128 6.2 Drought Contingency Process................................................................................ 130 6.3 Early Warning Process ........................................................................................... 131 iv 6.4 Funds Requisitioning and Disbursement Process .................................................. 132 6.5 Fund Reporting Process ......................................................................................... 133 6.6 Proposed Drought Contingency processes Linkages ............................................. 134 3.0 ANNEXES ...................................................................................................................................... 135 v CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION Recurrent drought has been a common phenomenon in Garissa County for the last two decades. The loss caused by drought supersedes all other hazards combined with livelihood destruction being the main effect and environmental degradation continuing. During high stress periods, the natural resource base (water, pasture) becomes insufficient to support large numbers of livestock’s. This has forced several pastoralists to relocate livestock to the costal ranches thus increasing cost of production. This coupled with lack of any appreciable harvesting of food crops in this arid county leads to food shortages, malnutrition, poor health and high mortality rates of people during drought. Recovery from drought is a significant challenge because the impact of drought leaves household assets critically depleted. Hence, the need exists for a strategic long-term, pro-active approach for drought management to increase the resilience levels of communities in the target areas and to promote early response to drought in order to minimise the losses of household assets. This contingency plan for Garissa County is designed to allow early response to drought events in order to minimise depletion of household assets
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