Gothic Beyond Architecture: Manchester’S Collegiate Church
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Church Building Terms What Do Narthex and Nave Mean? Our Church Building Terms Explained a Virtual Class Prepared by Charles E.DICKSON,Ph.D
Welcome to OUR 4th VIRTUAL GSP class. Church Building Terms What Do Narthex and Nave Mean? Our Church Building Terms Explained A Virtual Class Prepared by Charles E.DICKSON,Ph.D. Lord Jesus Christ, may our church be a temple of your presence and a house of prayer. Be always near us when we seek you in this place. Draw us to you, when we come alone and when we come with others, to find comfort and wisdom, to be supported and strengthened, to rejoice and give thanks. May it be here, Lord Christ, that we are made one with you and with one another, so that our lives are sustained and sanctified for your service. Amen. HISTORY OF CHURCH BUILDINGS The Bible's authors never thought of the church as a building. To early Christians the word “church” referred to the act of assembling together rather than to the building itself. As long as the Roman government did not did not recognize and protect Christian places of worship, Christians of the first centuries met in Jewish places of worship, in privately owned houses, at grave sites of saints and loved ones, and even outdoors. In Rome, there are indications that early Christians met in other public spaces such as warehouses or apartment buildings. The domus ecclesiae or house church was a large private house--not just the home of an extended family, its slaves, and employees--but also the household’s place of business. Such a house could accommodate congregations of about 100-150 people. 3rd-century house church in Dura-Europos, in what is now Syria CHURCH BUILDINGS In the second half of the 3rd century, Christians began to construct their first halls for worship (aula ecclesiae). -
Pevsner's Architectural Glossary
Glossary pages new extra text:Layout 1 10/9/10 16:22 Page 1 PEVSNER’S ARCHITECTURAL GLOSSARY Glossary pages new extra text:Layout 1 10/9/10 16:22 Page 2 Nikolaus and Lola Pevsner, Hampton Court, in the gardens by Wren's east front, probably c. Glossary pages new extra text:Layout 1 10/9/10 16:22 Page 3 PEVSNER’S ARCHITECTURAL GLOSSARY Yale University Press New Haven and London Glossary pages new extra text:Layout 1 10/9/10 16:22 Page 4 Temple Street, New Haven Bedford Square, London www.pevsner.co.uk www.lookingatbuildings.org.uk www.yalebooks.co.uk www.yalebooks.com for Published by Yale University Press Copyright © Yale University, Printed by T.J. International, Padstow Set in Monotype Plantin All rights reserved. This book may not be reproduced in whole or in part, in any form (beyond that copying permitted by Sections and of the U.S. Copyright Law and except by reviewers for the public press), without written permission from the publishers Glossary pages new extra text:Layout 1 10/9/10 16:22 Page 5 CONTENTS GLOSSARY Glossary pages new extra text:Layout 1 10/9/10 16:22 Page 6 FOREWORD The first volumes of Nikolaus Pevsner’s Buildings of England series appeared in .The intention was to make available, county by county, a comprehensive guide to the notable architecture of every period from prehistory to the present day. Building types, details and other features that would not necessarily be familiar to the general reader were explained in a compact glossary, which in the first editions extended to some terms. -
Pick of the Churches
Pick of the Churches The East of England is famous for its superb collection of churches. They are one of the nation's great treasures. Introduction There are hundreds of churches in the region. Every village has one, some villages have two, and sometimes a lonely church in a field is the only indication that a village existed there at all. Many of these churches have foundations going right back to the dawn of Christianity, during the four centuries of Roman occupation from AD43. Each would claim to be the best - and indeed, all have one or many splendid and redeeming features, from ornate gilt encrusted screens to an ancient font. The history of England is accurately reflected in our churches - if only as a tantalising glimpse of the really creative years between the 1100's to the 1400's. From these years, come the four great features which are particularly associated with the region. - Round Towers - unique and distinctive, they evolved in the 11th C. due to the lack and supply of large local building stone. - Hammerbeam Roofs - wide, brave and ornate, and sometimes strewn with angels. Just lay on the floor and look up! - Flint Flushwork - beautiful patterns made by splitting flints to expose a hard, shiny surface, and then setting them in the wall. Often it is used to decorate towers, porches and parapets. - Seven Sacrament Fonts - ancient and splendid, with each panel illustrating in turn Baptism, Confirmation, Mass, Penance, Extreme Unction, Ordination and Matrimony. Bedfordshire Ampthill - tomb of Richard Nicholls (first governor of Long Island USA), including cannonball which killed him. -
GPR Survey: the Nave
The Ground Penetrating Radar survey in the Nave of Reading Abbey Church John Mullaney (December 2016) The West End The anomalous GPR lines at the west end of the nave of the Abbey church. When we first saw the GPR findings we were surprised to see the results at the west end of the nave (in the Forbury) which Stratascan classified as probably archaeology feature(s) –possibly related to the Abbey. — light blue on the map. I have marked these with two black arrows. probably archaeology feature –possibly related to the Abbey First of all it should be noted that these may be connected with some features totally unrelated to the Abbey. For instance they could be part of the defence system constructed during the 17th century Civil War. They may be footings of one of the walls that we know surrounded the late 18th century school next to the Inner Gateway (Jane Austen’s school). It is possible that they are part of the foundations for some buildings, such as the greenhouses, that appear to have been erected in the Forbury botanic gardens during the second half of the 19th century. However I have looked into the possibility that they may in fact be related to the Abbey; in other words whether there may be some explanation for their existence as part of the Abbey. I must emphasise that any one, or none, of the above may be the explanation and without intrusive archaeology or the discovery of some documentation relating to them, it is unlikely that we will ever know what they truly represent. -
Archivolt the Continuous Molding Framing an Arch. in Romanesque Or Gothic Architecture, One of the Series of Concentric Bands Framing the Tympanum
archivolt The continuous molding framing an arch. In Romanesque or Gothic architecture, one of the series of concentric bands framing the tympanum. baptistery In Christian architecture, the building used for baptism, usually situated next to a church. barrel vault A masonry roof or ceiling constructed on the arch principle. A barrel or tunnel vault, semicylindrical in crosssection, is in effect a deep arch or an uninterrupted series of arches, one behind the other, over an oblong space. A quadrant vault is a halfbarrel vault. A groin or cross vault is formed at the point at which two barrel vaults intersect at right angles. In a ribbed vault, there is a framework of ribs or arches under the intersections of the vaulting sections. A sexpartite vault is a vault whose ribs divide the vault into six compartments. A fan vault is a vault characteristic of English Perpendicular Gothic, in which radiating ribs form a fanlike pattern. bestiary A collection of illustrations of real and imaginary animals. campanile A bell tower of a church, usually, but not always, freestanding. cathedra Latin, “seat.” See cathedral. cathedral A bishop's church. The word derives from cathedra, referring to the bishop’s seat. cloister A monastery courtyard, usually with covered walks or ambulatories along its sides. compound pier A pier with a group, or cluster, of attached shafts, or responds, especially characteristic of Gothic architecture. Crusades In medieval Europe, armed pilgrimages aimed at recapturing the Holy Land from the Muslims. crypt A vaulted space under part of a building, wholly or partly underground; in churches, normally the portion under an apse or a chevet. -
Music in the Cathedral Quarter
Manchester Cathedral Spring 2015 MUSIC IN THE CATHEDRAL QUARTER BBC LIVE EASTER SUNDAY SERVICE SONGS OF PRAISE ART ‘THE GOOD THIEF’ BY LOUIS SMITH EXHIBITION - LADY MARGARET BEAUFORT: FROM PAWN TO PLAYER EVENTS, WALKS, TALKS AND TOURS 3 Contents Introduction 3 Introduction Manchester 1421 Henry V, King of England signed the charter granting permission to build a collegiate church on the site of the parish church of St Mary’s. The church was established with a warden, eight 4 Music in the Cathedral Quarter fellows, four singing clerks and six choristers. The living quarters were on the site where Chetham’s Library now stands. The church was dedicated to St Mary, St George and St Denys. Manchester 1847 8 Events Queen Victoria is on the throne and the town is dominating the global cotton trade. There is a huge growth in population as people are drawn to the new factories and mills. A new Church of England Diocese of Manchester is formed and the church is raised to cathedral status. 10 Easter at Manchester Cathedral Manchester Cathedral 2015 This Grade 1 listed masterpiece has survived King Henry VIII’s Reformation and an Elizabethan spy; 12 Spring Walks and Tours heard one of the first public speeches to decry the world slave trade and lived the Industrial Revolution first hand. The stones of this church tell the story of its city. Services take place daily in the medieval quire as they have for nearly 600 years. This is a working cathedral, not a museum. Throughout the year you will find conferences and services; thought-provoking 14 Art at Manchester Cathedral conversations and Sunday sermons; an award-winning volunteer scheme and bands raising the roof. -
Fan Vaults After the English Gothic
Gloucester Cathedral cloister walk, slideshare.net/michae FAN lasanda/gloucester- cathedral2 VAULTS King’s College Chapel, quora.com/Are-there-any- buildings-with-fanned-vaulting-outside-of-the-US- Bath Abbey, quillcards.com/blog/bath-abbey/ UK-and-Canada Citation: K. Bagi (2018): Mechanics of Masonry Structures. Course handouts, Department of Structural Mechanics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics The images in this file may be subjected to copyright. In case of any question or problem, do not hesitate to contact Prof. K. Bagi, [email protected] . THIS LECTURE Definition Preliminaries to fan vaulting Reminder on the membrane solution Beginning of fan vaulting Constructional issues jointed masonry versus rib-and-panel system pendants roofing variations to the groundplan variations to the spandrel geometry the generator curve geometry Decline of fan vaulting; Fan vaults after the English Gothic Questions 2 / 43 DEFINITION When: Late Gothic; between the middle of XIVth – middle of XVIth century Where: in England only! (?? baltic examples ??) Definition: The shell is a surface of revolution: a smooth arc, concave from below, is rotated about a vertical axis being on the outer side. Bath Abbey, Vertical main ribs have identical shape, devizesdays.blogspot.com/2013/11/st-andrews- and are arranged at equal angles. school-sings-in-bath-abbey.html Between the conoids, a distinct spandrel panel is placed. The ribs are perpendicular to the surface. 3 / 43 DEFINITION Main components: + often applied: upfill in the vaulting -
The Building of Cardinal College, Oxford by J
The Building of Cardinal College, Oxford By J. G. MILNE and JOHN H. HARVEY 1. DEAN HIGDON'S DAYBOOK N 1928 President Allen drew attention to a chest half full of crumpled I papers which formerly stood in the Old Bursary at Corpus. It was emptied, and the contents proved to be a miscellaneous collection of documents mainly dating from the 16th and early 17th centuries, none later than 1642. They were generally of the class that might have been lying about in a bursary at that time-accounts, memoranda and letters-and the explanation that most readily suggested itself was that they had been used as packing when some objects were stowed away in the chest and left there when those objects were removed. If this explanation is accepted, those objects were probably the more valuable items of the college plate, the whole of which was surrendered to Charles I in that year, like that of all the other colleges in Oxford; but some articles were redeemed by a cash payment and then disappeared from sight until conditions became more secure.1 Amongst these documents there were some few whose presence in the college seemed accidental in the sense that they had no obvious connection with any college business; and one of these has proved on investigation to be of considerable interest. I t is a tattered and mouse-nibbled book of thirty-two leaves containing building accounts, with a cover made out of two leaves of a psalter and strips of manuscript. It is endorsed on the first page in the hand of Brian Twyne ' An imperfect booke of the expenses of the buildinge of C.C.C. -
Culross Abbey
Property in Care (PIC) ID: PIC0 20 Designations: Scheduled Monument (SM13334) Taken into State care: 1913 (Guardianship) Last reviewed: 2011 HISTORIC ENVIRONMENT SCOTLAND STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE CULROSS ABBEY We continually revise our Statements of Significance, so they may vary in length, format and level of detail. While every effort is made to keep them up to date, they should not be considered a definitive or final assessment of our properties. Historic Environment Scotland – Scottish Charity No. SC045925 Principal Office: Longmore House, Salisbury Place, Edinburgh EH9 1SH Historic Environment Scotland – Scottish Charity No. SC045925 Principal Office: Longmore House, Salisbury Place, Edinburgh EH9 1SH CULROSS ABBEY SYNOPSIS The monument comprises the ruins of the former Cistercian abbey of St Mary and St Serf at Culross. It was founded in the 13th century by Malcolm, Earl of Fife, as a daughter-house of Kinloss. After the Protestant Reformation (1560), the east end of the monastic church became the parish church of Culross. The structures in care comprise the south wall of the nave, the cloister garth, the surviving southern half of the cloister's west range and the lower parts of the east and south ranges. The 17th-century manse now occupies the NW corner of the cloister, with the garth forming the manse’s garden. The east end of the abbey church is not in state care but continues in use as a parish church. CHARACTER OF THE MONUMENT Historical Overview: 6th century - tradition holds that Culross is the site of an early Christian community headed by St Serf, and of which St Kentigern was a member. -
How the Middle Ages Were Built: Exuberance to Crisis, 1300-1408 Transcript
How the Middle Ages were Built: Exuberance to Crisis, 1300-1408 Transcript Date: Wednesday, 23 March 2011 - 6:00PM Location: Museum of London Gresham Lecture, Wednesday 23 March 2011 How the Middle Ages were built: Exuberance to Crisis, 1300-1408 Professor Simon Thurley The title of my lectures this year is God, Caesar and Robin Hood. We saw in my first lecture that to understand Saxon and Norman building we needed to understand the contemporary obsession with Rome (that’s the Caesar!). Then in my second lecture I talked about God and the invention of gothic, an architectural style designed to bring man into proximity with an earthly representation of heaven. In my second two lectures, tonight and on April 13th, I want to move on to Robin Hood, perhaps a more surprising emblem for English building endeavour, but one which, when I have finished, I hope you will agree, captures the extraordinary richness of English building in the period 1300 to 1520. But tonight I will deal with the first half - the extraordinary century that started in 1300. Thirteenth century England was rich and populous but by 1300 it had peaked. The century that followed brought a lot of bad news. Underlying many of the problems was a very modern concern – climate change. Between 1290 and 1375 the British climate became instable and unpredictable, there were a series of wet summers which prevented crops from ripening, rotted seed in the ground and nurtured pests and disease. There was costal flooding inundating thousands of acres, while torrential rain made thousands more unusable. -
The Story of Architecture
A/ft CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY FINE ARTS LIBRARY CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY 924 062 545 193 Production Note Cornell University Library pro- duced this volume to replace the irreparably deteriorated original. It was scanned using Xerox soft- ware and equipment at 600 dots per inch resolution and com- pressed prior to storage using CCITT Group 4 compression. The digital data were used to create Cornell's replacement volume on paper that meets the ANSI Stand- ard Z39. 48-1984. The production of this volume was supported in part by the Commission on Pres- ervation and Access and the Xerox Corporation. Digital file copy- right by Cornell University Library 1992. Cornell University Library The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/cletails/cu31924062545193 o o I I < y 5 o < A. O u < 3 w s H > ua: S O Q J H HE STORY OF ARCHITECTURE: AN OUTLINE OF THE STYLES IN T ALL COUNTRIES • « « * BY CHARLES THOMPSON MATHEWS, M. A. FELLOW OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS AUTHOR OF THE RENAISSANCE UNDER THE VALOIS NEW YORK D. APPLETON AND COMPANY 1896 Copyright, 1896, By D. APPLETON AND COMPANY. INTRODUCTORY. Architecture, like philosophy, dates from the morning of the mind's history. Primitive man found Nature beautiful to look at, wet and uncomfortable to live in; a shelter became the first desideratum; and hence arose " the most useful of the fine arts, and the finest of the useful arts." Its history, however, does not begin until the thought of beauty had insinuated itself into the mind of the builder. -
The Church That Is Now Bristol Cathedral Was Originally An
Bristol Cathedral – architectural overview Jon Cannon – Keeper of the Fabric Overview This paper briefly sets out the history of Bristol Cathedral, by summarising the key events and figures which have shaped its past, and by identifying the main architectural and artistic features of interest. Bristol cathedral is the seat of the bishop of Bristol and the heart of a diocese which, today, includes Bristol, and much of south Gloucestershire and northern Wiltshire, including Swindon. It stands on a site which has been sacred for a thousand years or more. Ancient origins The cathedral originated as an abbey on the edge of what was, in the twelfth century, a prosperous and growing merchant town. The knoll on which it stands appears to already have already been the site of a holy place: the cult of St Jordan, the legend of which, only attested in the fourteenth century, takes the story of site back to St Augustine of Canterbury and the earliest days of English Christianity, and the survival of a magnificent eleventh-century sculpted stone, now in the cathedral, is proof that a church of some kind predated the abbey. Foundation of the abbey began in 1140. Large portions of the resulting church – especially the remarkable chapter house -- survive to this day. The monastery was a daughter house of the Augustinian abbey of St- Victor in Paris though almost nothing is known of its earliest canons. For the next four hundred years it was, while never of dominant significance in the town, by some distance its largest religious institution, as well as being the most important Victorine house in England (and one of the wealthiest Augustinian houses of any kind).