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Damage Prevention in the Transportation Environment

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Damage Prevention in the Transportation Environment ' PUBLICATIONS A11107 nfilSl v., ^^Z- a NBS SPECIAL PUBLICATION (0 652 Q U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE/National Bureau of Standards Damage Prevention in the Transportation Environment MFPG 34th Meeting QC IGQ ,U57 652 1933 G.2 NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS The National Bureau of Standards' was established by an act of Congress on March 3, 1901. The Bureau's overall goal is to strengthen and advance the Nation's science and technology and facilitate their effective application for public benefit. To this end, the Bureau conducts research and provides: (1) a basis for the Nation's physical measurement system, (2) scientific and technological services for industry and government, (3) a technical basis for equity in trade, and (4) technical services to promote public safety. The Bureau's technical work is per- formed by the National Measurement Laboratory, the National Engineering Laboratory, and the Institute for Computer Sciences and Technology. THE NATIONAL MEASUREMENT LABORATORY provides the national system of physical and chemical and materials measurement; coordinates the system with measurement systems of other nations and furnishes essential services leading to accurate and uniform physical and chemical measurement throughout the Nation's scientific community, industry, and commerce; conducts materials research leading to improved methods of measurement, standards, and data on the properties of materials needed by industry, commerce, educational institutions, and Government; provides advisory and research services to other Government agencies; develops, produces, and distributes Standard Reference Materials; and provides calibration services. The Laboratory consists of the following centers: Absolute Physical Quantities^ — Radiation Research — Chemical Physics — Analytical Chemistry — Materials Science THE NATIONAL ENGINEERING LABORATORY provides technology and technical ser- vices to the public and private sectors to address national needs and to solve national problems; conducts research in engineering and applied science in support of these efforts; builds and maintains competence in the necessary disciplines required to carry out this research and technical service; develops engineering data and measurement capabilities; provides engineering measurement traceability services; develops test methods and proposes engineering standards and code changes; develops and proposes new engineering pracfices; and develops and improves mechanisms to transfer results of its research to the ultimate user. The Laboratory consists of the following centers: Applied Mathematics — Electronics and Electrical Engineering^ — Manufacturing Engineering — Building Technology — Fire Research — Chemical Engineering^ THE INSTITUTE FOR COMPUTER SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY conducts research and provides scientific and technical services to aid Federal agencies in the selection, acquisition, application, and use of computer technology to improve effectiveness and economy in Government operations in accordance with Public Law 89-306 (40 U.S.C. 759), relevant Executive Orders, and other directives; carries out this mission by managing the Federal Information Processing Standards Program, developing Federal ADP standards guidelines, and managing Federal participation in ADP voluntary standardization activities; provides scientific and technological advisory services and assistance to Federal agencies; and provides the technical foundation for computer-related policies of the Federal Government. The Institute consists of the following centers: Programming Science and Technology — Computer Systems Engineering. 'Headquarters and Laboratories at Gaithersburg, MD, unless otherwise noted; mailing address Washington, DC 20234. ^Some divisions within the center are located at Boulder, CO 80303. HATIONAI. BOTEAU OF STANDARDS I.I2nAJ!Y 1983 JJ" 11^ . MAY 31 Damage Prevention in the ^^^^ Transportation Environment ^ Proceedings of the 34th Meeting of the Mechanical Failures Prevention Group held at the National Bureau of Standards, Gaithersburg, Maryland, October 21-23, 1981 - - Edited by: T. Robert Shives Fracture and Deformation Division Center for Materials Science National Measurement Laboratory National Bureau of Standards Washington, DC 20234 This meeting was sponsored jointly by NBS and the: Office of Naval Research .S. Department of the Navy Arlington, VA 22217 Naval Air Systems Command U.S. Department of the Navy Washington, DC 20360 National Aeronautics and Space Administration Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, MD 20771 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, Malcolm Baldrige, Secretary NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS, Ernest Ambler, Director Issued April 1983 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 83-600521 National Bureau of Standards Special Publication 652 Natl. Bur. Stand. (U.S.), Spec. Publ. 652, 349 pages (April 1983) CODEN: XNBSAV U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON: 1983 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402 Price $8.00 (Add 25 percent for other than U.S. mailing) PREFACE The 34th Meeting of the Mechanical Failures Prevention Group was held October 21-23, 1981 at the National Bureau of Standards in Gai thersburg, Maryland. The program was organized by the MFPG Technical Committee on Design under the chairmanship of Jesse E. Stern of Trident Engineering Associates. Where possible, the papers in these proceedings are presented as submitted by the authors in the form of camera ready copy. Limited editorial changes, some retyping, and some photographic reduc- tion were required. Support of the National Bureau of Standards, the Office of Naval Research, the Naval Air Systems Command, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration is gratefully acknowledged. 'Appreciation is expressed to Kathy Stang of the NBS National Measurement Laboratory for handling financial matters and to Sara Torrence and Greta Pignone of the NBS Public Information Division for the meeting and hotel arrangements. T. Robert Shives Executive Secretary, MFPG Fracture and Deformation Division National Bureau of Standards nr TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE SESSION I: PACKAGING FOR THE TRANSPORTATION ENVIRONMENT 1. Allocating Loss and Damage to the Railroad Transport Cycle Vetev J. Wong 2. Export Packing in the Marine Environment J. P. Colletti 3. Packaging Software for Shipment and Storage B. D. Winn, W, D. Downing and S. B. Crumi*ine . 4. Packaging for the Transportation Environment W. Dunoan Godshdll SESSION II: RESEARCH IN THE RAILROAD INDUSTRY 1. Improved Suspension Designs and Their Influence on Freight Car Dynamics P. V, RamaChandran and M. M. ElMadany 2. Development of Small Scale Impact Simulation Techniques (Abstract only) J. Chen and N. G. Dagalakis 3. A Method to Detect and Monitor Crack in Bridge Structures Jackson C. S. Yang and Manfred A. Eirt 4. Railroad Long-Term Maintenance-of-Way Planning Technique Development Program A. Gross 5. Analytical Investigation of Lading Responses from Various Pulse Shapes V!. P. ManoSj J. C. Shang and J, B. Raidt 6. System for Train Accident Reduction - DOT STAR J. J, Richardson IV s SESSION III: RESEARCH IN THE RAILROAD INDUSTRY (continued) 1. Freight Car Response Analysis and Test Evaluation Model (PRATE) Claire L, Orth and George Kaahadourian 2. The Accident Performance of Tank Car Safeguards William G. Meeker 3. Rail Tank Car Impacts David M. Dancer 4. A Locomotive Evaluator - New Research Capability Through Simulation J. V. Mirdbella SESSION IV: DAMAGE PREVENTION IN THE RAILROAD INDUSTRY 1. Designing for Damage Prevention in the Railroad Tank Car Industry Es A. Phillips 2. Performance Testing to Reduce Loss and Damage William A. Vidkerman and W. D. Godshall 3. Field Measurement of the Fatigue Loading Environment for Railroad Freight Equipment (Abstract only) W. Sneed and A. M, Zarembski SESSION V: DESIGNING FOR TRANSPORTATION OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS (NUCLEAR MATERIALS AND WASTES) 1. Truck and Rail Shock and Vibration Environments During Normal Transport G. H. LamoreaiiXj A. A. Tmjillo and C. F. Magnuson 2. The Nature of Transportation Accidents Involving Radioactive Material Packagings E. L. Emerson and J. D. McClure 3. Perceived Safety of Transporting Hazardous Material R. T. Reese and E. W. Shepherd 4. Analysis, Scale Modeling, and Full-Scale Testing of Shipping Containers for Radioactive Materials E. Richard Yoshimura and M. Huerta 5. Response of Radioactive Material Waste Drums to Accident Environments R. A, Mai/j G. H, LamoreauXj L. E. Romesherg and H. R. Yoshimura 6. Design of Packaging for Transporting Transuranic Contaminated Wastes L. E. Romesherg^ S. H. Sutherland^ G. E. Lamoreaux and R. G. Eakes SESSION VI: HIGHWAYS 1. Planning to Prevent Failure in the Transportation of Hazardous Materials E, J. Cantitli and Dino Rossini Z. Cargo Ride Evaluation on a Road Simulator C. R. Forton 3. Highway Design and Maintenance for Tomorrow's Traffic B. M. McCarthy 4. The Failure of Manhole Covers on Tank Trailers During Rollover R. D. Ervin APPENDIX Attendance List for the 34th MFPG Meeting MFPG Publications VI ABSTRACT These proceedings consist of 27 submitted entries (25 papers and 2 abstracts) from the 34th Meeting of the Mechanical Failures Prevention Group which was held at the National Bureau of Standards, Gai thersburg, Maryland, October 21-23, 1981. The subject of the symposium was damage prevention in the transportation environment. Areas of special emphasis included packaging for the transportation environment, research in the railroad industry, damage prevention
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