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Counter-Terrorism 1 Counter-Terrorism
Counter-terrorism 1 Counter-terrorism WARNING: Article could not be rendered - ouputting plain text. Potential causes of the problem are: (a) a bug in the pdf-writer software (b) problematic Mediawiki markup (c) table is too wide United States Coast GuardCoast Guard on counter-terrorism patrol in Upper New York Bay. Verrazano-Narrows Bridge in distance spanning The Narrows between Brooklyn (left) and Staten Island (right).TerrorismDefinitions of terrorismDefinitionsHistory of terrorismHistoryList of terrorist incidentsIncidents Counter-terrorism (also spelled counterterrorism) incorporates the practices, Military tacticstactics, techniques, and strategies that governments, militarymilitaries, police departments and corporations adopt to attack terrorist threats and/or acts, both real and imputed.The tactic of terrorism is available to insurgencyinsurgents and governments. Not all insurgents use Fearterror as a tactic, and some choose not to use it because other tactics work better for them in a particular context. Individuals, such as Timothy McVeigh, may also engage in terrorist acts such as the Oklahoma City bombing. If the terrorism is part of a broader insurgency, counter-terrorism may also form a part of a counter-insurgency doctrine, but political, economic, and other measures may focus more on the insurgency than the specific acts of terror. Foreign internal defense (FID) is a term used for programs either to suppress insurgency, or reduce the conditions under which insurgency could develop. Counter-terrorism includes both the detection of potential acts and the response to related events. PlanningUnited States Customs and Border Protection officers, fully armed and armored for a counter-terrorism operationMost counter-terrorism strategies involve an increase in standard police and domestic intelligence. -
Malaysia, September 2006
Library of Congress – Federal Research Division Country Profile: Malaysia, September 2006 COUNTRY PROFILE: MALAYSIA September 2006 COUNTRY Formal Name: Malaysia. Short Form: Malaysia. Term for Citizen(s): Malaysian(s). Capital: Since 1999 Putrajaya (25 kilometers south of Kuala Lumpur) Click to Enlarge Image has been the administrative capital and seat of government. Parliament still meets in Kuala Lumpur, but most ministries are located in Putrajaya. Major Cities: Kuala Lumpur is the only city with a population greater than 1 million persons (1,305,792 according to the most recent census in 2000). Other major cities include Johor Bahru (642,944), Ipoh (536,832), and Klang (626,699). Independence: Peninsular Malaysia attained independence as the Federation of Malaya on August 31, 1957. Later, two states on the island of Borneo—Sabah and Sarawak—joined the federation to form Malaysia on September 16, 1963. Public Holidays: Many public holidays are observed only in particular states, and the dates of Hindu and Islamic holidays vary because they are based on lunar calendars. The following holidays are observed nationwide: Hari Raya Haji (Feast of the Sacrifice, movable date); Chinese New Year (movable set of three days in January and February); Muharram (Islamic New Year, movable date); Mouloud (Prophet Muhammad’s Birthday, movable date); Labour Day (May 1); Vesak Day (movable date in May); Official Birthday of His Majesty the Yang di-Pertuan Agong (June 5); National Day (August 31); Deepavali (Diwali, movable set of five days in October and November); Hari Raya Puasa (end of Ramadan, movable date); and Christmas Day (December 25). Flag: Fourteen alternating red and white horizontal stripes of equal width, representing equal membership in the Federation of Malaysia, which is composed of 13 states and the federal government. -
Sabah REDD+ Roadmap Is a Guidance to Press Forward the REDD+ Implementation in the State, in Line with the National Development
Study on Economics of River Basin Management for Sustainable Development on Biodiversity and Ecosystems Conservation in Sabah (SDBEC) Final Report Contents P The roject for Develop for roject Chapter 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Background of the Study .............................................................................................. 1 1.2 Objectives of the Study ................................................................................................ 1 1.3 Detailed Work Plan ...................................................................................................... 1 ing 1.4 Implementation Schedule ............................................................................................. 3 Inclusive 1.5 Expected Outputs ......................................................................................................... 4 Government for for Government Chapter 2 Rural Development and poverty in Sabah ........................................................... 5 2.1 Poverty in Sabah and Malaysia .................................................................................... 5 2.2 Policy and Institution for Rural Development and Poverty Eradication in Sabah ............................................................................................................................ 7 2.3 Issues in the Rural Development and Poverty Alleviation from Perspective of Bangladesh in Corporation City Biodiversity -
A Rapid Assessment on the Trade in Marine Turtles in Indonesia, Malaysia and Viet Nam Lalita Gomez Kanitha Krishnasamy Stealthc4 \ Dreamstime \ Stealthc4
NOVEMBER 2019 A Rapid Assessment on the Trade in Marine Turtles in Indonesia, Malaysia and Viet Nam Lalita Gomez Kanitha Krishnasamy stealthc4 \ dreamstime stealthc4 \ TRAFFIC REPORT A Rapid Assessment on the Trade in Marine Turtles in Indonesia, Malaysia and Viet Nam TRAFFIC is a leading non-governmental organisation working globally on trade in wild animals and plants in the context of both biodiversity conservation and sustainable development. Reprod uction of material appearing in this report requires written permission from the publisher. \dreamstime stealthc4 The designations of geographical entities in this publication, and the presentation of the material, do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of TRAFFIC or its supporting organisations con- cern ing the legal status of any country, territory, or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Published by TRAFFIC, Southeast Asia Regional Ofce, Suite 12A-01, Level 12A, Tower 1, Wisma AmFirst, Jalan Stadium SS 7/15, 47301 Kelana Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia Telephone : (603) 7880 3940 Fax : (603) 7882 0171 © TRAFFIC 2019. Copyright of material published in this report is vested in TRAFFIC. ISBN no: 978-983-3393-85-5 UK Registered Charity No. 1076722 Suggested citation: Gomez, L. and Krishnasamy, K. (2019). A Rapid Assessment on the Trade in Marine stealthc4 \dreamstime stealthc4 Turtles in Indonesia, Malaysia and Viet Nam. TRAFFIC. Petaling Jaya, Malaysia. Green Sea Turtle Chelonia mydas © Willyambradberry/ Dreamstime.com Design by Faril Izzadi Mohd Noor This communication has been produced under contract to CITES and with the fnancial assistance of the European Union. -
Europe Report, Nr. 153: Pan-Albanianism
PAN-ALBANIANISM: HOW BIG A THREAT TO BALKAN STABILITY? 25 February 2004 Europe Report N°153 Tirana/Brussels TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS................................................. i I. INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................... 1 A. THE BURDENS OF HISTORY...................................................................................................2 B. AFTER THE FALL: CHAOS AND NEW ASPIRATIONS................................................................4 II. THE RISE AND FALL OF THE ANA......................................................................... 7 III. ALBANIA: THE VIEW FROM TIRANA.................................................................. 11 IV. KOSOVO: INTERNAL DIVISIONS ......................................................................... 14 V. MACEDONIA: SHOULD WE STAY OR SHOULD WE GO? ............................... 17 VI. MONTENEGRO, SOUTHERN SERBIA AND GREECE....................................... 20 A. ALL QUIET ON THE WESTERN FRONT?................................................................................20 B. THE PRESEVO VALLEY IN SOUTHERN SERBIA....................................................................22 C. THE GREEK QUESTION........................................................................................................24 VII. EMIGRES, IDENTITY AND THE POWER OF DEMOGRAPHICS ................... 25 A. THE DIASPORA: POLITICS AND CRIME.................................................................................25 -
Counter Terrorist Trends and Analysis Volume 6, Issue 1 Jan/Feb 2014
Counter Terrorist Trends and Analysis Volume 6, Issue 1 Jan/Feb 2014 Annual Threat Assessment SOUTHEAST ASIA Myanmar, Thailand, Indonesia, Philippines, Malaysia and Singapore SOUTH ASIA Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka EAST AND CENTRAL ASIA China and Central Asia MIDDLE EAST AND AFRICA Syria, Iraq, Yemen, Egypt, Libya and Somalia INTERNATIONAL CENTER FOR POLITICAL VIOLENCE AND TERRORISM RESEARCH S. RAJARATNAM SCHOOL OF INTERNATIONAL STUDIES NANYANG TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY 2 ANNUAL THREAT ASSESSMENT Terrorism and Political Violence in 2013 Southeast Asia peace talks were held in January 2014. Iraq, too, remains besieged by sectarian violence and constant attacks. In Yemen, Southeast Asia has seen some of its insurgencies and conflicts multiple insurgencies and a robust threat from Al Qaeda in the diminish while others have continued unabated. In Thailand, the Arabian Peninsula have hampered an already difficult political restive south continued to see violence in 2013 while Bangkok transition. In Egypt, Morsi’s ouster has seen protests continuing witnessed a political crisis with protests against the government to plague the country while the military attempts another turning violent. In Myanmar, reforms have moved forward but political transition. Libya, meanwhile, faces a persistent security communal violence continues to plague the country and has challenge in its southern border region and the success of its evolved from targeting Rohingyas towards Muslim minority transition after Gaddafi will depend on the militias which communities in general. Indonesia continues to face a potent deposed the former dictator giving up their arms. In Somalia, threat from radicalization and concern has emerged over the al-Shabaab has intensified its campaign against the role its “hard” counterterrorist approach is playing in fueling government in the wake of a hardline faction emerging further extremism. -
CBD Sixth National Report
SIXTH NATIONAL REPORT OF MALAYSIA to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) December 2019 i Contents List of Figures ............................................................................................................................................... iv List of Tables ................................................................................................................................................ vi List of Acronyms ........................................................................................................................................... vi Foreword ..................................................................................................................................................... vii Preamble ....................................................................................................................................................... 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................................................................. 3 CHAPTER 1: UPDATED COUNTRY BIODIVERSITY PROFILE AND COUNTRY CONTEXT ................................... 1 1.1 Malaysia as a Megadiverse Country .................................................................................................... 2 1.2 Major pressures and factors to biodiversity loss ................................................................................. 3 1.3 Implementation of the National Policy on Biological Diversity 2016-2025 ........................................ -
Status of Coral Reefs in Malaysia, 2011
Reef Check Malaysia Bhd (783440-X) Status of Coral Reefs in Malaysia, 2011 Reef Check Malaysia Saving Our Reefs Research, Education, Conservation Reef Check Malaysia Bhd (783440-X) Contents Page Executive Summary 1. Introduction 1 2. Reef Check 2 2.1 Background 2 2.2 Survey Methodology 2 2.3 Survey Sites 3 3. 2011 Survey Results & Analysis 4 3.1 Status of Coral Reefs in Malaysia 2011 4 3.2 Comparison Between Peninsular Malaysia and East Malaysia 9 3.3 Status of Coral Reefs on Islands/Regions in Malaysia 11 4. Challenges and Recommendations 23 4.1 General Recommendations 23 4.2 Peninsular Malaysia 23 4.3 East Malaysia 25 4.4 Improving Management Through Monitoring 25 5. The Broader Picture: Building Coral Reef Resilience 27 Acknowledgements 28 References 29 Appendix 1 30 Saving Our Reefs Research, Education, Conservation Reef Check Malaysia Bhd (783440-X) Executive Summary 1. A total of 100 Reef Check surveys were completed in 2011, 52 in Peninsular Malaysia and 48 in East Malaysia, a slight increase on 2010. The surveys are a continuation of a successful National Reef Check Survey Programme that has now run for five years. 2. The surveys were carried out by volunteers trained and certified in the global standard Reef Check method. Nearly 50 people were trained in 2011, adding to the base of volunteers who are participating in Reef Check Malaysia’s programmes. 10% of trainees were officers of the Department of Marine Parks Malaysia, reflecting growing interest from the Government in further improving management of Malaysia’s coral reefs. -
Government Transformation Programme the Roadmap Diterbitkan Pada 28 Januari 2010
Government Transformation Programme The Roadmap Diterbitkan pada 28 Januari 2010 ©Hak cipta Unit Pengurusan Prestasi dan Pelaksanaan (PEMANDU), Jabatan Perdana Menteri Hak cipta terpelihara, tiada mana-mana bahagian daripada buku ini boleh diterbitkan semula, disimpan untuk pengeluaran atau ditukar kepada apa-apa bentuk dengan sebarang cara sekalipun tanpa izin daripada penerbit. Diterbit oleh: Unit Pengurusan Prestasi Dan Pelaksanaan (PEMANDU) Jabatan Perdana Menteri Aras 3, Blok Barat, Pusat Pentadbiran Kerajaan Persekutuan 62502 Putrajaya Tel: 03-8881 0128 Fax: 03-8881 0118 Email: [email protected] Laman Web: www.transformation.gov.my Dicetak oleh: Percetakan Nasional Malaysia Berhad (PNMB) Jalan Chan Sow Lin 50554 Kuala Lumpur Tel: 03-9236 6895 Fax: 03-9222 4773 Email: [email protected] Laman Web: www.printnasional.com.my Government Transformation Programme The Roadmap Foreword It is clear that Malaysia has achieved much as a young nation. We have made significant strides in eradicating hardcore poverty, we have developed a diversified economic base, increased the quality of life of the average citizen and created a progressive civil service which embraces change. But it is also clear that we face significant challenges to achieve the ambitious goals of Vision 2020, by the year 2020. I am confident that this Government Transformation Programme (GTP) Roadmap is what we need to help chart our path towards Vision 2020. It details a bold and unprecedented programme to begin to transform the Government and to renew the Government’s focus on delivering services to the rakyat. The scope of this GTP is broad, and will encompass every Ministry within government. -
The Globalization of Chinese Food ANTHROPOLOGY of ASIA SERIES Series Editor: Grant Evans, University Ofhong Kong
The Globalization of Chinese Food ANTHROPOLOGY OF ASIA SERIES Series Editor: Grant Evans, University ofHong Kong Asia today is one ofthe most dynamic regions ofthe world. The previously predominant image of 'timeless peasants' has given way to the image of fast-paced business people, mass consumerism and high-rise urban conglomerations. Yet much discourse remains entrenched in the polarities of 'East vs. West', 'Tradition vs. Change'. This series hopes to provide a forum for anthropological studies which break with such polarities. It will publish titles dealing with cosmopolitanism, cultural identity, representa tions, arts and performance. The complexities of urban Asia, its elites, its political rituals, and its families will also be explored. Dangerous Blood, Refined Souls Death Rituals among the Chinese in Singapore Tong Chee Kiong Folk Art Potters ofJapan Beyond an Anthropology of Aesthetics Brian Moeran Hong Kong The Anthropology of a Chinese Metropolis Edited by Grant Evans and Maria Tam Anthropology and Colonialism in Asia and Oceania Jan van Bremen and Akitoshi Shimizu Japanese Bosses, Chinese Workers Power and Control in a Hong Kong Megastore WOng Heung wah The Legend ofthe Golden Boat Regulation, Trade and Traders in the Borderlands of Laos, Thailand, China and Burma Andrew walker Cultural Crisis and Social Memory Politics of the Past in the Thai World Edited by Shigeharu Tanabe and Charles R Keyes The Globalization of Chinese Food Edited by David Y. H. Wu and Sidney C. H. Cheung The Globalization of Chinese Food Edited by David Y. H. Wu and Sidney C. H. Cheung UNIVERSITY OF HAWAI'I PRESS HONOLULU Editorial Matter © 2002 David Y. -
399 International Court of Justice Case Between Indonesia And
International Court of Justice Case between Indonesia and Malaysia Concerning Sovereignty over Pulau Ligitan and Pulau Sipadan Introduction On 2 November 1998 Indonesia and Malaysia jointly seised the International Court of Justice (ICJ) of their dispute concerning sovereignty over the islands of Pulau Ligitan and Pulau Sipadan in the Celebes Sea.' They did so by notifying the Court of a Special Agreement between the two states, signed in Kuala Lumpur on 31 May 1997 and which entered into force on 14 May 1998 upon the exchange of ratifying instruments. In the Special Agreement, the two parties request the Court "to determine on the basis of the treaties, agreements and other evidence furnished by [the two parties], whether sovereignty over Pulau Ligitan and Pulau Sipadan belongs to the Republic of Indonesia or Malaysia". The parties expressed the wish to settle their dispute "in the spirit of friendly relations existing between [them] as enunciated in the 1976 Treaty of Amity and Co-operation in Southeast Asia" and declared in advance that they will "accept the Judgement of the Court given pursuant to [the] Special Agreement as final and binding upon them." On 10 November 1998 the ICJ made an Order' fixing the time limits for the respective initial pleadings in the case as follows: 2 November 1999 for the filing by each of the parties of a Memorial; and 2 March 2000 for the filing of the counter-memorials. By this order the Court also reserved subsequent procedure on this case for future decision. In fixing the time limits for the initial written pleadings, the Court took account and applied the wishes expressed by the two parties in Article 3, paragraph 2 of their Special Agreement wherein they provided that the written pleadings should consist of: 1 International Court of Justice, Press Communique 98/35, 2 November 1998. -
Tentera Diraja Sulu Dan Pencerobohan Lahad Datu, 2013
Akademika 87(3), Oktober 2017:17-31 https://doi.org/10.17576/akad-2017-8703-02 Aktor Bukan Negara dan Keselamatan Nasional di Malaysia: Tentera Diraja Sulu dan Pencerobohan Lahad Datu, 2013 Non-State Actor and National Security in Malaysia: The Royal Sulu Army and the Lahad Datu Intrusion, 2013 Ramli Dollah & Zainus Sagi Khusyairy Pangkas ABSTRAK Sejak mencapai kemerdekaan, Malaysia berhadapan beberapa bentuk ancaman keselamatan seperti ancaman Komunis, konfrontasi Indonesia, tuntutan Filipina ke atas Sabah dan sebagainya. Namun, era pasca Perang Dingin berlaku perubahan dalam memahami keselamatan di mana ancaman keselamatan nasional banyak disumbangkan oleh aktor-aktor bukan negara, misalnya kumpulan pengganas. Oleh itu, makalah ini membincangkan mengenai insiden pencerobohan oleh kumpulan yang dikenali sebagai Tentera Diraja Sulu (RSA) di Tanduo pada 2013. Pencerobohan ini memberikan gambaran bahawa aktor bukan negara juga mampu memberikan ancaman keselamatan yang sangat besar kepada keselamatan nasional. Malahan insiden ini menunjukkan bahawa ancaman yang ditimbulkan oleh kumpulan ini adalah lebih besar daripada ancaman yang ditimbulkan oleh elemen-elemen keselamatan tradisional yang menekankan kepentingan aktor negara dan penggunaan ketenteraan oleh negara lain seperti yang difahami dalam kajian keselamatan. Dalam menjelaskan bagaimana ancaman ini dilihat sebagai salah satu ancaman yang serius kepada keselamatan negara, beberapa indikator akan digunakan; pertama, cara kerajaan bertindak menangani ancaman ini; kedua, jumlah kematian yang disebabkan oleh RSA; ketiga, panik dan ketakutan dalam kalangan pasukan keselamatan dan masyarakat; dan keempat, jumlah wang yang diperuntukkan untuk menangani masalah ini. Artikel ini berhujah bahawa ancaman yang ditimbulkan oleh kumpulan ini menunjukkan dengan jelas bagaimana aktor bukan negara juga memberikan implikasi yang besar kepada keselamatan nasional di Malaysia.