Biophysics of Cadherin Interactions and Junction Assembly Omer Shafraz Iowa State University
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ARVC-Variants.Pdf
Updated gene list responsible for ARVC/D pathology Subtype Gene Location Reference ARVC1 TGFB3 14q24.3 Beffagna G, Occhi G, Nava A, et al. Regulatory mutations in transforming growth factor-beta3 gene cause arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy type 1. Cardiovasc Res. 2005;65:366–73. ARVC2 RYR2 1q43 Tiso N, Stephan DA, Nava A, et al. Identification of mutations in the cardiac ryanodine receptor gene in families affected with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy type 2 (ARVD2). Hum Mol Genet. 2001;10:189–94. ARVC3 Unknown 14q12-q22 Severini GM, Krajinovic M, Pinamonti B, et al. A new locus for arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia on the long arm of chromosome 14. Genomics. 1996;31:193–200. ARVC4 TTN 2q32.1-q32.3 Taylor M, Graw S, Sinagra G, et al. Genetic variation in titin in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy-overlap syndromes. Circulation. 2011;124:876–85. ARVC5 TMEM43 3p25.1 Merner ND, Hodgkinson KA, Haywood AF, et al. Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy type 5 is a fully penetrant, lethal arrhythmic disorder caused by a missense mutation in the TMEM43 gene. Am J Hum Genet. 2008;82:809–21. ARVC6 Unknown 10p14-p12 Li D, Ahmad F, Gardner MJ, et al. The locus of a novel gene responsible for arrhythmogenic right- ventricular dysplasia characterized by early onset and high penetrance maps to chromosome 10p12-p14. Am J Hum Genet. 2000;66:148–56. ARVC7 DES 2q35 Klauke B, Kossmann S, Gaertner A, et al. De novo desmin-mutation N116S is associated with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. Hum Mol Genet. 2010;19:4595–607. -
Supplementary Table 1: Adhesion Genes Data Set
Supplementary Table 1: Adhesion genes data set PROBE Entrez Gene ID Celera Gene ID Gene_Symbol Gene_Name 160832 1 hCG201364.3 A1BG alpha-1-B glycoprotein 223658 1 hCG201364.3 A1BG alpha-1-B glycoprotein 212988 102 hCG40040.3 ADAM10 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 10 133411 4185 hCG28232.2 ADAM11 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 11 110695 8038 hCG40937.4 ADAM12 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 12 (meltrin alpha) 195222 8038 hCG40937.4 ADAM12 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 12 (meltrin alpha) 165344 8751 hCG20021.3 ADAM15 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 15 (metargidin) 189065 6868 null ADAM17 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17 (tumor necrosis factor, alpha, converting enzyme) 108119 8728 hCG15398.4 ADAM19 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 19 (meltrin beta) 117763 8748 hCG20675.3 ADAM20 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 20 126448 8747 hCG1785634.2 ADAM21 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 21 208981 8747 hCG1785634.2|hCG2042897 ADAM21 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 21 180903 53616 hCG17212.4 ADAM22 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 22 177272 8745 hCG1811623.1 ADAM23 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 23 102384 10863 hCG1818505.1 ADAM28 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 28 119968 11086 hCG1786734.2 ADAM29 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 29 205542 11085 hCG1997196.1 ADAM30 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 30 148417 80332 hCG39255.4 ADAM33 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 33 140492 8756 hCG1789002.2 ADAM7 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 7 122603 101 hCG1816947.1 ADAM8 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 8 183965 8754 hCG1996391 ADAM9 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 9 (meltrin gamma) 129974 27299 hCG15447.3 ADAMDEC1 ADAM-like, -
Cell Adhesion Molecules in Normal Skin and Melanoma
biomolecules Review Cell Adhesion Molecules in Normal Skin and Melanoma Cian D’Arcy and Christina Kiel * Systems Biology Ireland & UCD Charles Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +353-1-716-6344 Abstract: Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) of the cadherin, integrin, immunoglobulin, and selectin protein families are indispensable for the formation and maintenance of multicellular tissues, espe- cially epithelia. In the epidermis, they are involved in cell–cell contacts and in cellular interactions with the extracellular matrix (ECM), thereby contributing to the structural integrity and barrier for- mation of the skin. Bulk and single cell RNA sequencing data show that >170 CAMs are expressed in the healthy human skin, with high expression levels in melanocytes, keratinocytes, endothelial, and smooth muscle cells. Alterations in expression levels of CAMs are involved in melanoma propagation, interaction with the microenvironment, and metastasis. Recent mechanistic analyses together with protein and gene expression data provide a better picture of the role of CAMs in the context of skin physiology and melanoma. Here, we review progress in the field and discuss molecular mechanisms in light of gene expression profiles, including recent single cell RNA expression information. We highlight key adhesion molecules in melanoma, which can guide the identification of pathways and Citation: D’Arcy, C.; Kiel, C. Cell strategies for novel anti-melanoma therapies. Adhesion Molecules in Normal Skin and Melanoma. Biomolecules 2021, 11, Keywords: cadherins; GTEx consortium; Human Protein Atlas; integrins; melanocytes; single cell 1213. https://doi.org/10.3390/ RNA sequencing; selectins; tumour microenvironment biom11081213 Academic Editor: Sang-Han Lee 1. -
Desmoglein 3 Anchors Telogen Hair in the Follicle
Journal of Cell Science 111, 2529-2537 (1998) 2529 Printed in Great Britain © The Company of Biologists Limited 1998 JCS3800 Desmoglein 3 anchors telogen hair in the follicle Peter J. Koch, M. G. Mahoney, George Cotsarelis, Kyle Rothenberger, Robert M. Lavker and John R. Stanley* Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, 211 CRB, 415 Curie Blvd, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA *Author for correspondence (e-mail: [email protected]) Accepted 6 July; published on WWW 13 August 1998 SUMMARY Little is known about the function of desmosomes in the (acantholysis) between the cells surrounding the telogen normal structure and function of hair. Therefore, it was club and the basal layer of the outer root sheath epithelium. surprising that mice without desmoglein 3 (the autoantigen Electron microscopy revealed ‘half-desmosomes’ at the in pemphigus vulgaris) not only developed mucous plasma membranes of acantholytic cells. Similar membrane and skin lesions like pemphigus patients, but acantholytic histology and ultrastructural findings have also developed hair loss. Analysis of this phenotype been previously reported in skin and mucous membrane indicated that hair was normal through the first growth lesions of DSG3−/− mice and pemphigus vulgaris patients. phase (‘follicular neogenesis’). Around day 20, however, Immunoperoxidase staining with an antibody raised when the hair follicles entered the resting phase of the hair against mouse desmoglein 3 showed intense staining on the growth cycle (telogen), mice with a targeted disruption of cell surface of keratinocytes surrounding the telogen hair the desmoglein 3 gene (DSG3−/−) lost hair in a wave-like club in normal mice. -
Desmoglein 3 Promotes Cancer Cell Migration and Invasion by Regulating Activator Protein 1 and Protein Kinase C-Dependent-Ezrin Activation
Oncogene (2014) 33, 2363–2374 & 2014 Macmillan Publishers Limited All rights reserved 0950-9232/14 www.nature.com/onc ORIGINAL ARTICLE Desmoglein 3 promotes cancer cell migration and invasion by regulating activator protein 1 and protein kinase C-dependent-Ezrin activation L Brown1, A Waseem1, IN Cruz2, J Szary1, E Gunic1, T Mannan1, M Unadkat1, M Yang2, F Valderrama3,EAO0Toole4 and H Wan1 Desmoglein 3 (Dsg3), the pemphigus vulgaris antigen, has recently been shown to be upregulated in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and has been identified as a good tumor-specific marker for clinical staging of cervical sentinel lymph nodes in head and neck SCC. However, little is known about its biological function in cancer. The actin-binding protein Ezrin and the activator protein 1 (AP-1) transcription factor are implicated in cancer progression and metastasis. Here, we report that Dsg3 regulates the activity of c-Jun/AP-1 as well as protein kinase C (PKC)-mediated phosphorylation of Ezrin-Thr567, which contributes to the accelerated motility of cancer cells. Ectopic expression of Dsg3 in cancer cell lines caused enhanced phosphorylation at Ezrin-Thr567 with concomitant augmented membrane protrusions, cell spreading and invasive phenotype. We showed that Dsg3 formed a complex with Ezrin at the plasma membrane that was required for its proper function of interacting with F-actin and CD44 as Dsg3 knockdown impaired these associations. The increased Ezrin phosphorylation in Dsg3-overexpressing cells could be abrogated substantially by various pharmacological inhibitors for Ser/Thr kinases, including PKC and Rho kinase that are known to activate Ezrin. Furthermore, a marked increase in c-Jun S63 phosphorylation, among others, was found in Dsg3-overexpressing cells and the activation of c-Jun/AP-1 was further supported by a luciferase reporter assay. -
Mouse Anti-Human Desmoglein-3 (EC2 Domain) Monoclonal Antibody, Clone QWC39 (CABT-L2646) This Product Is for Research Use Only and Is Not Intended for Diagnostic Use
Mouse Anti-Human desmoglein-3 (EC2 domain) monoclonal antibody, clone QWC39 (CABT-L2646) This product is for research use only and is not intended for diagnostic use. PRODUCT INFORMATION Product Overview Recombinant monoclonal antibody to desmoglein-3. Variable regions (i.e. specificity) from the EBV transformed human B cell clone QWC39. Made by immortalizing IgG-expressing B cells from Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) patients. Specificity This antibody specifically recognizes a conformational epitope in the EC2 domain of human desmoglein-3 (DSG). This antibody was isolated as a human IgG4 from a patient with mucocutaneous pemphigus vulgaris. This antibody has in vitro and in vivo pathogenic activity, as assessed in a keratinocyte dissociation assay and by the formation of microscopic blisters in newborn mice. This antibody crossreacts with murine DSG-3. Immunogen Desmoglein-3 Isotype IgG1, κ Source/Host Mouse Species Reactivity Human Clone QWC39 Purification Protein A affinity purified Conjugate Unconjugated Applications IA Format Liquid Concentration 1 mg/ml Size 200 ug; 1 mg Buffer PBS Preservative See individual product datasheet Storage Store at -20 or -70°C upon receipt. Divide antibody into aliquots prior usage. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles. Ship Wet ice 45-1 Ramsey Road, Shirley, NY 11967, USA Email: [email protected] Tel: 1-631-624-4882 Fax: 1-631-938-8221 1 © Creative Diagnostics All Rights Reserved Warnings For research use only and not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. BACKGROUND Introduction Desmosomes are cell-cell junctions between epithelial, myocardial, and certain other cell types. Desmoglein 3 is a calcium-binding transmembrane glycoprotein component of desmosomes in vertebrate epithelial cells. -
Mapping Transmembrane Binding Partners for E-Cadherin Ectodomains
Mapping transmembrane binding partners for E-cadherin ectodomains Omer Shafraza, Bin Xieb, Soichiro Yamadaa, and Sanjeevi Sivasankara,b,1 aDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616; and bBiophysics Graduate Group, University of California, Davis, CA 95616 Edited by Barry Honig, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, and approved October 28, 2020 (received for review May 22, 2020) We combine proximity labeling and single molecule binding assays proteins that directly interact with a transmembrane bait would to discover transmembrane protein interactions in cells. We first be positioned in close proximity to both the bait’s ectodomain screen for candidate binding partners by tagging the extracellular and cytoplasmic regions. Consequently, if the proximity-based and cytoplasmic regions of a “bait” protein with BioID biotin ligase labeling enzyme was fused to both the bait’s extracellular and and identify proximal proteins that are biotin tagged on both their cytoplasmic regions, identifying transmembrane proteins that extracellular and intracellular regions. We then test direct binding are biotinylated in both regions would enable us to narrow interactions between proximal proteins and the bait, using single down the list of possible binding partners for subsequent AFM molecule atomic force microscope binding assays. Using this ap- binding measurements. Furthermore, an integrated extracellu- proach, we identify binding partners for the extracellular region lar and cytoplasmic BioID measurement would significantly of E-cadherin, an essential cell–cell adhesion protein. We show that increase the precision of the screen by dramatically reducing the desmosomal proteins desmoglein-2 and desmocollin-3, the focal the number of false positive hits. -
Datasheet: VMA00092KT Product Details
Datasheet: VMA00092KT Description: DESMOGLEIN 2 ANTIBODY WITH CONTROL LYSATE Specificity: DESMOGLEIN 2 Format: Purified Product Type: PrecisionAb™ Monoclonal Clone: 10D2 Isotype: IgG1 Quantity: 2 Westerns Product Details Applications This product has been reported to work in the following applications. This information is derived from testing within our laboratories, peer-reviewed publications or personal communications from the originators. Please refer to references indicated for further information. For general protocol recommendations, please visit www.bio-rad-antibodies.com/protocols. Yes No Not Determined Suggested Dilution Western Blotting 1/1000 PrecisionAb antibodies have been extensively validated for the western blot application. The antibody has been validated at the suggested dilution. Where this product has not been tested for use in a particular technique this does not necessarily exclude its use in such procedures. Further optimization may be required dependant on sample type. Target Species Human Product Form Purified IgG - liquid Preparation 20μl Mouse monoclonal antibody purified by affinity chromatography on Protein A from tissue culture supernatant Buffer Solution Phosphate buffered saline Preservative 0.09% Sodium Azide (NaN ) Stabilisers 3 Immunogen Recombinant fusion protein fragment consisting of amino acids 37-164 of desmoglein 2 which consists of the entire extracellular domain and a portion of the proregion. External Database UniProt: Links Q14126 Related reagents Entrez Gene: 1829 DSG2 Related reagents Synonyms CDHF5 Page 1 of 3 Specificity Mouse anti Human desmoglein 2 recognizes desmoglein 2, a member of the desmoglein family. Desmosomes are cell-cell junctions between epithelial, myocardial, and certain other cell types. Currently, four desmoglein subfamily members have been identified and all are members of the cadherin cell adhesion molecule superfamily. -
Staphylococcal Exfoliative Toxin B Specifically Cleaves Desmoglein 1
Staphylococcal Exfoliative Toxin B Speci®cally Cleaves Desmoglein 1 Masayuki Amagai, Takayuki Yamaguchi,* Yasushi Hanakawa,² Koji Nishifuji, Motoyuki Sugai,* and John R. Stanley² Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; *Department of Bacteriology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan; ²Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, U.S.A. Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome and its loca- ing of desmoglein 1, but not that of desmoglein 3, lized form, bullous impetigo, show super®cial epi- was abolished when cryosections of normal human dermal blister formation caused by exfoliative toxin skin were incubated with exfoliative toxin B, sug- A or B produced by Staphylococcus aureus. Recently gesting that living cells were not necessary for exfo- we have demonstrated that exfoliative toxin A specif- liative toxin B cleavage of desmoglein 1. Finally, ically cleaves desmoglein 1, a desmosomal adhesion in vitro incubation of the recombinant extracellular molecule, that when inactivated results in blisters. In domains of desmoglein 1 and desmoglein 3 with this study we determine the target molecule for exfo- exfoliative toxin B demonstrated that both mouse liative toxin B. Exfoliative toxin B injected in neo- and human desmoglein 1, but not desmoglein 3, natal mice caused super®cial epidermal blisters, were directly cleaved by exfoliative toxin B in a abolished cell surface staining of desmoglein 1, and dose-dependent fashion. These ®ndings demonstrate degraded desmoglein 1 without affecting desmoglein that exfoliative toxin A and exfoliative toxin B cause 3 or E-cadherin. When adenovirus-transduced blister formation in staphylococcal scalded skin syn- cultured keratinocytes expressing exogenous mouse drome and bullous impetigo by identical molecular desmoglein 1 or desmoglein 3 were incubated with pathophysiologic mechanisms. -
Pulmonary Neuroendocrine
ORIGINAL RESEARCH published: 30 August 2021 doi: 10.3389/fonc.2021.645623 Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Neoplasms Overexpressing Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Mechanical Barriers Genes Lack Immune-Suppressive Response and Present an Edited by: Paul Takam Kamga, Increased Risk of Metastasis Universite´ de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, France Tabatha Gutierrez Prieto 1*, Camila Machado Baldavira 1, Juliana Machado-Rugolo 1,2, Reviewed by: Cec´ılia Farhat 1, Eloisa Helena Ribeiro Olivieri 3, Vanessa Karen de Sa´ 3, ´ Tamas Zombori, Eduardo Caetano Abilio da Silva 4, Marcelo Luiz Balancin 1, Alexandre Muxfeldt Ab´Saber 1, University of Szeged, Hungary Teresa Yae Takagaki 5, Vladmir Cla´ udio Cordeiro de Lima 6,7 and Vera Luiza Capelozzi 1* Ryota Kurimoto, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1 Department of Pathology, University of São Paulo Medical School (USP), São Paulo, Brazil, 2 Health Technology Japan Assessment Center (NATS), Clinical Hospital (HCFMB), Medical School of São Paulo State University (UNESP), Helmut H. Popper, Botucatu, Brazil, 3 International Center of Research/CIPE, AC Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil, Medical University of Graz, Austria 4 Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil, 5 Division of Pneumology, *Correspondence: Instituto do Corac¸ão (Incor), Medical School of University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, 6 Oncology, Rede D’Or São Paulo, Tabatha Gutierrez Prieto São Paulo, Brazil, 7 Department of Clinical Oncology, Instituto do Caˆ ncer do Estado -
Restoration of Desmosomal Junction Protein Expression and Inhibition Of
MOLECULAR AND CLINICAL ONCOLOGY 3: 171-178, 2015 Restoration of desmosomal junction protein expression and inhibition of H3K9‑specifichistone demethylase activity by cytostatic proline‑rich polypeptide‑1 leads to suppression of tumorigenic potential in human chondrosarcoma cells KARINA GALOIAN1, AMIR QURESHI1, GINA WIDEROFF1 and H.T. TEMPLE2 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery; 2University of Miami Tissue Bank Division, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA Received September 18, 2014; Accepted October 8, 2014 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2014.445 Abstract. Disruption of cell-cell junctions and the concomi- and inhibits H3K9 demethylase activity, contributing to the tant loss of polarity, downregulation of tumor-suppressive suppression of tumorigenic potential in chondrosarcoma cells. adherens junctions and desmosomes represent hallmark phenotypes for several different cancer cells. Moreover, a Introduction variety of evidence supports the argument that these two common phenotypes of cancer cells directly contribute to Chondrosarcoma is a highly aggressive bone cancer of tumorigenesis. In this study, we aimed to determine the status mesenchymal origin, which is resistant to chemo- and radia- of intercellular junction proteins expression in JJ012 human tion therapies, leaving surgical resection as the only option. malignant chondrosarcoma cells and investigate the effect Metastatic spread of malignant cells eventually develops of the antitumorigenic cytokine, proline-rich polypeptide-1 following surgical resection. The malignant progression to (PRP-1) on their expression. The cell junction pathway array chondrosarcoma has been suggested to involve a degree of data indicated downregulation of desmosomal proteins, mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET) and it has been such as desmoglein (1,428-fold), desmoplakin (620-fold) and demonstrated in an in vitro model that chondrosarcoma cells plakoglobin (442-fold). -
Desmoglein 3 Amino-Terminal Adhesive Interface of Mouse
The Journal of Immunology Induction of Pemphigus Phenotype by a Mouse Monoclonal Antibody Against the Amino-Terminal Adhesive Interface of Desmoglein 31 Kazuyuki Tsunoda,*† Takayuki Ota,* Miyo Aoki,* Taketo Yamada,‡ Tetsuo Nagai,† Taneaki Nakagawa,† Shigeo Koyasu,§ Takeji Nishikawa,* and Masayuki Amagai2* Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is a life-threatening autoimmune blistering disease that is caused by IgG autoantibodies against the cadherin-type adhesion molecule desmoglein (Dsg)3. Previously, we have generated an active mouse model for PV by adoptive transfer of Dsg3؊/؊ splenocytes. In this study, we isolated eight AK series, anti-Dsg3 IgG mAbs from the PV mouse model, and examined their pathogenic activities in induction of blister formation. Intraperitoneal inoculation of the AK23 hybridoma, but not the other AK hybridomas, induced the virtually identical phenotype to that of PV model mice or Dsg3؊/؊ mice with typical histology of PV. Epitope mapping with domain-swapped and point-mutated Dsg1/Dsg3 molecules revealed that AK23 recognized a calcium-dependent conformational epitope on Dsg3, which consisted of the V3, K7, P8, and D59 Dsg3-specific residues that formed the adhesive interface between juxtaposed Dsg, as predicted by the crystal structure. The epitopes of the mAbs that failed to show apparent pathogenic activity were mapped in the middle to carboxyl-terminal extracellular region of Dsg3, where no direct intermolecular interaction was predicted. These findings demonstrate the pathogenic heterogeneity among anti-Dsg3 IgG Abs due to their epitopes, and suggest the direct inhibition of adhesive interaction of Dsg as an initial molecular event of blister formation in pemphigus. The Journal of Immunology, 2003, 170: 2170–2178.