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Comparison of the Opinions of Citizens and Professional Soccer Players About Betting and Match Fixing

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Comparison of the Opinions of Citizens and Professional Soccer Players About Betting and Match Fixing International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences 8(4): 110-116, 2020 http://www.hrpub.org DOI: 10.13189/saj.2020.080402 Comparison of the Opinions of Citizens and Professional Soccer Players about Betting and Match Fixing Faruk Salih Şeker1,*, Mehmet Şahin2 1School of Applied Sciences, Istanbul Ayvansaray University of Istanbul, Turkish Republic 2School of Sports Science Faculty, Istanbul Gedik University of Istanbul, Turkish Republic Received April 20, 2020; Revised July 3, 2020; Accepted July 20, 2020 Cite This Paper in the following Citation Styles (a): [1] Faruk Salih Şeker, Mehmet Şahin , "Comparison of the Opinions of Citizens and Professional Soccer Players about Betting and Match Fixing," International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, Vol. 8, No. 4, pp. 110-116, 2020. DOI: 10.13189/saj.2020.080402. (b): Faruk Salih Şeker, Mehmet Şahin (2020). Comparison of the Opinions of Citizens and Professional Soccer Players about Betting and Match Fixing. International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 8(4), 110-116. DOI: 10.13189/saj.2020.080402. Copyright©2020 by authors, all rights reserved. Authors agree that this article remains permanently open access under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 International License Abstract The aim of this study is to compare the Keywords Betting, Match Fixing, Professional Soccer impacts of match fixing on citizens who play the betting Player, Citizen game İddaa and professional soccer players. More specifically, how match fixing related to betting is Note: The data of the citizens used in this study are taken affecting social morality. Sports is a part of social morality from Faruk Salih Şeker’s the master thesis of “The and one of the sub-aims of this study is to evaluate the Communal Effects of Bet Match Fixing in Football”. chaotic interactions that emerge from the mixing of the sports and betting, and the betting and match fixing. Survey methodology was used. The research universe consisted of betting game players and professional footballers in Turkey. Betters playing the İddaa betting game in İddaa 1. Introduction dealers located in the cities of 2010-2011 Turkish Super This study was conducted to investigate how match League soccer teams and professional soccer players were fixing in football affects society morally and financially. considered as the target audience. A total of 1637 İddaa For this purpose, 1637 citizens were surveyed with betting citizens and 115 professional soccer players took coincidence method from 13 cities in which 2010-2011 part in the survey. In the questionnaire with 26 questions, Spor Toto Super League games were played. Also, 115 four questions are intended to examine the biographical professional soccer players who played in 2010-2011 Spor features, four are intended to examine the characteristics of Toto Super League and Turkey Bank Asia 1st League were playing the İddaa game, and the remaining 18 are intended surveyed. In the questionnaire with 26 questions, four to examine the effects on social morality. The questions questions are intended to examine the biographical features, were asked to the people who played İddaa game without and four are intended to examine the characteristics of any biographical distinction. As a result, both betters and playing the İddaa game, and the remaining 18 are intended soccer players agree that match fixing in soccer quickly to examine the effects on social morality. These questions directed “those who want to make easy money” towards were applied to the people who played İddaa game without the betting industry. While citizens were indecisive about any biographical distinction. The difficulties we the opinion “professional soccer players are extremely encountered when we started to work, the longing for uncomfortable with match fixing”, soccer players agreed sports ethics, ambivalent attitude of people from all walks with it. The difference on this opinion between citizens and of sports even though everyone knows that something is soccer players is statistically significant. wrong has led us to conduct such a study. International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences 8(4): 110-116, 2020 111 For centuries, there have been people seeking unfair parties, match fixing as a favor, match fixing with referees profits. One of the places where unfair earnings have been (bribery), match fixing without profit, and match fixing achieved has been the sports industry in general and the with the participation of non-sports elements [7,8]. soccer industry in particular. People have searched for corrupted ways to make money from this game in order to earn a lot of money with little effort. No adjective has 2. Materials and Method prevented this corruption. Managers, technical staff, footballers, sponsors and even fans who fell in love with In this research, the survey technique, one of the the colors of their teams are included in this dirty game [1]. quantitative research methods, was used. All participants The first live betting company of the world Bettson was voluntarily participated in this research [9]. The study was founded in Malta in 2001. It is a Swedish based company designed to examine the social effects of the match fixing and opened its first branch in Sweden. Betsson entered the scandal, which shook Europe, in our country and the Turkish market in 2004. The company has received the reaction it created by comparing the opinions of the betting game players and professional footballers. A questionnaire support of European banks and its stocks have been sold on was prepared to gather data for this purpose. Survey the stock exchange in Stockholm [2]. instrument was made in consultation with the expert Even though there are no written sources, it is known advisors who are Professor Dr. Mustafa SAATÇİ, Assoc. that illegal bets in Turkey have started with animal owners Prof. Dr. Hakan ÖNER and Asst. Prof. Dr. Hülya ŞAHİN. who participated in cruel bloodsports such as camel The pre-test and post-tests of the questionnaire were fighting, dog fighting and cock fighting. The first legal implemented to 50 students playing İddaa game in the betting game was played in 26 March 1960. Ulvi Yenal, School of Sport. There is one-week interval between President of the Football Federation in that period, was pretest and posttest implementation. Validity and quoted saying “Betting is not common gambling. It is a reliability of the instrument were tested. prediction and information based competition. It increases 1637 citizens were surveyed with coincidence method enthusiasm for football. In addition, the necessary revenue from 13 cities in which 2010-2011 Spor Toto Super League is obtained for sports facilities. In this way, new facilities games were played. These cities are İstanbul, Trabzon, and new fields are built. It is an opportunity for a larger Eskişehir, Sivas, Bursa, Ankara, Gaziantep, Kayseri, audience to engage in sports.”[3]. Karabük, Mersin, Ordu, Antalya, Manisa and Samsun. As the amount of money unfairly earned through illegal Those playing İddaa game were seen as the target audience. ways increased, it attracted the attention of states, and A questionnaire was implemented to people in the places gambling, namely betting, changed its name to “betting where the IDDAA game was played. İddia shops in 13 game” by legal means. Betting games, which have evolved provinces were chosen from the busiest and shop owners with the development of technology from the past to the accepted the survey implementations. Surveys have been present, have been played under the auspices of the state in implemented from morning to evening in each shop on order to transfer the earnings from illegal betting games to Fridays or Saturdays, the days when the game was played the state treasury until the procurement in 2019. Yıldırım the most. It was applied to people who volunteered to Demirören, the chairman of the group that won the bidding participate in the survey in the İddia Shops. And random for the procurement, had been the president of the Turkish sampling method was used to select the participants of the Football Federation (TFF) for seven years. He said “I am study group. Also, 115 professional soccer players who resigning the Presidency of Turkish Football Federation played in 2010-2011 Spor Toto Super League and Turkey which I have occupied since 26 February 2012 due to the Bank Asia 1st League were surveyed. These consist of transfer of iddaa.com and misli.com to Demirören Holding teams that come to the winter camp in Belek, Antalya. and the legal completion of the transfer of the contracts” Appointments were requested at the hotel where the football teams stay. A questionnaire was implemented to [4,5]. What could be the reason that Demirören chose the volunteer footballers. 115 professional football players betting games over the Presidency of Turkish Football completed the questionnaire. This number is not higher due Federation? to the number of teams coming to the second half winter Football, which has been getting popular over the years, camp in Belek, the administrators’ disapprovements of the has had a big share in the world economy with the participation in the survey, and football players who are not developing technology and has strengthened its power with willing to participate in the survey. In the questionnaire betting games [6]. With the advancing of technology with 26 questions, four questions are intended to examine making easy money is no longer limited to betting only. the biographical features, four are intended to examine the Match fixing has made its name not only in the world of characteristics of playing the İddaa game, and the football, but in all sports. Match fixing can be thought of as remaining 18 are intended to examine the effects on social influencing the outcome of a sports match for financial or morality.
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