The Offensive Depictions of Prophet Muhammad (SAW) in Western
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“State of Civil Society Report: 2015
the year in review State of Civil Society report 2015: THE YEAR IN REVIEW ...these stories tell us that only civil introduction society, in its broadest sense, is taking a It has been another year of hard work and high achievement for civil society. The story of the year since the stance against the 2014 State of Civil Society Report was published has partly been one of a continuing series of attacks on civil concentration of society in the many countries where, when civil society asks difficult questions about power, the powerful seek to silence it. But is has also been a story of impressive and sustained civil society response, in a world that has power in the hands of become more turbulent and contested. a tiny, global, super- rich elite, and against As we show below, civil society faces challenges - of lack of space, under-resourcing and limited access to the attempts of many decision-makers. Civil society also needs continually to prove its connection with and relevance to citizens, political leaders and and it needs to demonstrate its ability to stay ahead of trends and innovate. When civil society groups do not corporate interests do these, they fail. But so often, we see civil society leading the response to crisis, taking on difficult issues, contributing to change, and winning arguments for social justice. to undermine human rights and This year in review section of the 2015 CIVICUS State of Civil Society Report is complemented by our report’s the value of people’s special thematic section on the resourcing for civil society, and the 27 guest contributions, from civil society participation. -
Emotional and Linguistic Analysis of Dialogue from Animated Comedies: Homer, Hank, Peter and Kenny Speak
Emotional and Linguistic Analysis of Dialogue from Animated Comedies: Homer, Hank, Peter and Kenny Speak. by Rose Ann Ko2inski Thesis presented as a partial requirement in the Master of Arts (M.A.) in Human Development School of Graduate Studies Laurentian University Sudbury, Ontario © Rose Ann Kozinski, 2009 Library and Archives Bibliotheque et 1*1 Canada Archives Canada Published Heritage Direction du Branch Patrimoine de I'edition 395 Wellington Street 395, rue Wellington OttawaONK1A0N4 OttawaONK1A0N4 Canada Canada Your file Votre reference ISBN: 978-0-494-57666-3 Our file Notre reference ISBN: 978-0-494-57666-3 NOTICE: AVIS: The author has granted a non L'auteur a accorde une licence non exclusive exclusive license allowing Library and permettant a la Bibliotheque et Archives Archives Canada to reproduce, Canada de reproduire, publier, archiver, publish, archive, preserve, conserve, sauvegarder, conserver, transmettre au public communicate to the public by par telecommunication ou par I'lnternet, prefer, telecommunication or on the Internet, distribuer et vendre des theses partout dans le loan, distribute and sell theses monde, a des fins commerciales ou autres, sur worldwide, for commercial or non support microforme, papier, electronique et/ou commercial purposes, in microform, autres formats. paper, electronic and/or any other formats. The author retains copyright L'auteur conserve la propriete du droit d'auteur ownership and moral rights in this et des droits moraux qui protege cette these. Ni thesis. Neither the thesis nor la these ni des extraits substantiels de celle-ci substantial extracts from it may be ne doivent etre imprimes ou autrement printed or otherwise reproduced reproduits sans son autorisation. -
Muhammad Speaking of the Messiah: Jesus in the Hadīth Tradition
MUHAMMAD SPEAKING OF THE MESSIAH: JESUS IN THE HADĪTH TRADITION A Dissertation Submitted to the Temple University Graduate Board In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY by Fatih Harpci (May 2013) Examining Committee Members: Prof. Khalid Y. Blankinship, Advisory Chair, Department of Religion Prof. Vasiliki Limberis, Department of Religion Prof. Terry Rey, Department of Religion Prof. Zameer Hasan, External Member, TU Department of Physics © Copyright 2013 by Fatih Harpci All Rights Reserved ii ABSTRACT Much has been written about Qur’ānic references to Jesus (‘Īsā in Arabic), yet no work has been done on the structure or formal analysis of the numerous references to ‘Īsā in the Hadīth, that is, the collection of writings that report the sayings and actions of the Prophet Muhammad. In effect, non-Muslims and Muslim scholars neglect the full range of Prophet Muhammad’s statements about Jesus that are in the Hadīth. The dissertation’s main thesis is that an examination of the Hadīths’ reports of Muhammad’s words about and attitudes toward ‘Īsā will lead to fuller understandings about Jesus-‘Īsā among Muslims and propose to non-Muslims new insights into Christian tradition about Jesus. In the latter process, non-Muslims will be encouraged to re-examine past hostile views concerning Muhammad and his words about Jesus. A minor thesis is that Western readers in particular, whether or not they are Christians, will be aided to understand Islamic beliefs about ‘Īsā, prophethood, and eschatology more fully. In the course of the dissertation, Hadīth studies will be enhanced by a full presentation of Muhammad’s words about and attitudes toward Jesus-‘Īsā. -
The Internet and the Radicalization of Muslim Women
The Internet and the Radicalization of Muslim Women Sergio E. Sanchez California State University, Chico Department of Political Science Chico, CA 95929 [email protected] “to kill one and frighten 10,000 others” - Chinese Proverb Paper prepared for Presentation at the annual meeting of the Western Political Science Association, Seattle, WA, April 2014. Abstract The Internet, with its built in anonymity and continuous availability – 24 hours a day, seven days a week- is for some the perfect venue for chatting, meeting new people, learning about topics of interest, and a source for countless hours of entertainment. Moreover, the Internet allows individuals from all over the country, or the world, who are from different socioeconomic backgrounds but who share similar interests and ideologies to interact and communicate privately. However, the Internet is also a readymade platform for the spread of hate, terror, and other radical ideas and messages, all of which can be transmitted at the speed of light, anonymously, and available on demand. The Internet is, therefore, an ideal venue for women to interact with likeminded individuals or organizations without having to sacrifice or tarnish their standing in the community or among their families. Women from repressive countries such as Saudi Arabia, Egypt, and Palestine can participate in jihad without leaving their homes and without having to meet strange men face-to-face and, consequently, bring shame to their families or themselves – as per traditional Islamic practices. Likewise, women involved or interested in radical environmentalism can meet online, share ideas, and continue their struggle against governments and corporations. Similarly, women involved, or fascinated with, right-wing religious movements or hate groups such as the KKK or neo-Nazis can likewise meet in a private setting, virtually, with little concern that their reputations or image within the community will be tarnished by their surreptitious activities online. -
ANGELS in ISLAM a Commentary with Selected Translations of Jalāl
ANGELS IN ISLAM A Commentary with Selected Translations of Jalāl al-Dīn al-Suyūṭī’s Al-Ḥabā’ik fī akhbār al- malā’ik (The Arrangement of the Traditions about Angels) S. R. Burge Doctor of Philosophy The University of Edinburgh 2009 A loose-leaf from a MS of al-Qazwīnī’s, cAjā’ib fī makhlūqāt (British Library) Source: Du Ry, Carel J., Art of Islam (New York: Abrams, 1971), p. 188 0.1 Abstract This thesis presents a commentary with selected translations of Jalāl al-Dīn cAbd al- Raḥmān al-Suyūṭī’s Al-Ḥabā’ik fī akhbār al-malā’ik (The Arrangement of the Traditions about Angels). The work is a collection of around 750 ḥadīth about angels, followed by a postscript (khātima) that discusses theological questions regarding their status in Islam. The first section of this thesis looks at the state of the study of angels in Islam, which has tended to focus on specific issues or narratives. However, there has been little study of the angels in Islamic tradition outside studies of angels in the Qur’an and eschatological literature. This thesis hopes to present some of this more general material about angels. The following two sections of the thesis present an analysis of the whole work. The first of these two sections looks at the origin of Muslim beliefs about angels, focusing on angelic nomenclature and angelic iconography. The second attempts to understand the message of al-Suyūṭī’s collection and the work’s purpose, through a consideration of the roles of angels in everyday life and ritual. -
Andrea Reed's Thesis
MUHAMMAD AS REPRESENTATIVE FORM: A VISUAL RHETORICAL ANALYSIS OF THE DANISH CARTOON CONTROVERSY By ANDREA REED A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS in the Department of Communication May 2009 Winston-Salem, North Carolina Approved By: Alessandra Beasley Von Burg, Ph.D., Advisor _________________________________ Examinating Committee: Margaret D. Zulick, Ph.D. ___________________________________ Peter Furia, Ph.D. ___________________________________ ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank my advisor, Dr. Alessandra Beasley Von Burg for her indispensible guidance with this project. This thesis would not have been possible without her expertise in the area of rhetoric and on topics related to European affairs, not to mention her patience. I sincerely thank Dr. Margaret Zulick and Dr. Peter Furia for graciously agreeing to sit on my panel and reflect upon my thesis. I also must thank Dr. Allan Louden and Dr. Ananda Mitra who both served as Director of the graduate program during my time at Wake Forest. I would also like to thank my other professors who have been great teachers and inspirational thinkers, Dr. Michael Hyde, Dr. Steve Giles, and Dr. Peter Brunette and the rest of the Department of Communication. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page LIST OF FIGURES ……………..…………………………………………………... iv ABSTRACT …………………………………………………………………………. v INTRODUCTION ………………………………………………………………….... 1 CHAPTER 1 ………………………………………………………………………..... 4 Review of the Literature ……………………………………………………... 5 Visual Rhetoric as Ideographs: the Representative Form ………………….. 15 Rhetoric and Social Controversy ………………………………………….... 19 Methodology ………………………………………………………………... 23 CHAPTER 2 ………………………………………………………………………... 27 The Muhammad Cartoons as Visual Ideographs ………………………….... 29 The Re-Appropriation of the Prophet Muhammad………………………….. 42 CHAPTER 3 ……………………………………………………………………….. -
Blasphemy, Charlie Hebdo, and the Freedom of Belief and Expression
Blasphemy, Charlie Hebdo, and the Freedom of Belief and Expression The Paris attacks and the reactions rashad ali The horrific events in Paris, with the killing of a group of Other reactions highlight and emphasise the fact journalists, a Police officer, and members of the Jewish that Muslims are also victims of terrorism – often the community in France have shocked and horrified most main victims – a point which Charlie Hebdo made in commentators. These atrocities, which the Yemen branch an editorial of the first issue of the magazine published of the global terrorist group al-Qaeda have claimed the following the attack on its staff. Still others highlight responsibility for,1 have led to condemnations from that Jews were targeted merely because they were Jews.2 across the political spectrum and across religious divides. This was even more relevant given how a BBC journalist Some ubiquitous slogans that have arisen, whether appeared to suggest that there was a connection between Je suis Charlie, Ahmed, or Juif, have been used to show how “Jews” treated Palestinians in Israel and the killing of empathy with various victims of these horrid events. Jews in France in a kosher shop.3 These different responses illustrate some of the divides in The most notorious response arguably has not come public reaction, with solidarity shown to various camps. from Islamist circles but from the French neo-fascist For example, some have wished to show support and comedian Dieudonne for stating on his Facebook solidarity with the victims but have not wished to imply account “je me sens Charlie Coulibaly” (“I feel like Charlie or show support to Charlie Hebdo as a publication, Coulibaly”). -
When Caricature Meets Resistance
Chapter 9 When Caricature Meets Resistance Eva Beate Strømsted Self-censorship? Yes. There wasn’t much of it before, but today it [the satire] is drenched in self-censorship. I feel it affects almost everything I draw now. Earlier I just made a drawing with my opinion, and it got published. But now I think: ‘Okay, if I make it this way, it will not get published.’ Eventually I make a drawing that will be accepted (Cartoonist 3). According to Freedberg (1991), humans have always worshiped and feared images, giving pictures powerful and magical influence, ruining and censoring them. With regards to the art of cartoons, its aesthetics have been seen as a strong political weapon. It is especially within the last decade’s dramatic developments that the thoughts of the Norwegian cartoonist in the above quote must be located. In Paris 7 January 2015, two Islamists, Saïd and Chérif Kouachi, connected to Al-Qaida’s branch in Yemen, forced their way into the office of the French satirical magazine Charlie Hebdo. Armed with assault rifles and other weapons, they killed 12 people and injured 11 others, all because of Charlie Hebdo’s drawings of Muhammad (Samuelsen 2015). However, the magazine has always published cartoons insulting whomever, often in a completely disrespectful manner, and the assassinations at Charlie Hebdo must be seen as an extension of the cartoon controversy that started ten years earlier. In 2005, Flemming Rose, the culture editor of the Danish newspaper, Jyllands- Posten, wanted to contribute to the debate about criticism of Islam and self-censorship among European artists. -
Je Suis Charlie?
Je Suis Charlie? Why Positive Integration of Muslims in France Reinforces the Republican Ideal By Emmanuel Todd e can now say, with the benefit of hindsight, that in January 2015 France succumbed to an attack of hysteria. The massacre of the editorial board Wof the satirical magazine Charlie Hebdo, as well as of several police officers and the customers of a Jewish shop, triggered a collective reaction unprec - edented in our country’s history. It would have been impossible to discuss it in the heat of the moment. The media joined hands to denounce terrorism, to celebrate the admirable character of the French people, and to sacralize liberty and the French Republic. Charlie Hebdo and its caricatures of Mohammed were enshrined. The government announced that it was giving a grant to the weekly so that it could get back on its feet. Crowds of people followed the government’s appeal to march in protest throughout the land: they held pencils to symbolize press freedom and applauded the state security police and the marksmen posted on the rooftops. The logo “Je suis Charlie” (“I am Charlie”), written in white letters against a black background, could be seen everywhere: on our screens, in the streets, on restaurant menus. Children came home from school with a letter C written on their hands. Kids aged 7 and 8 were interviewed at the school gates and asked for their thoughts on the horror of the events and the importance of one’s freedom to draw caricatures. The government decreed that anyone who failed to toe the line would be punished. -
Chapter I Introduction
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION This first chapter outlines the main background and problem identification as the introductory gate of the research in order to have a better a comprehension toward the research topic. I.1. Background In mass communication, the written culture has progressively been overshadowed by an audiovisual culture. Parsa (2004) explains that in the present day, what was previously pages worth of documentation could easily be told in a 2-hour movie or a 60-minute documentary. An emphasis on visual messages does not necessarily mean that words are less important. The most powerful and meaningful messages are combined with words and pictures. Considering the rapid developments in technology, we are gradually moving toward a visually mediated society. The world has been caught up in an ever-flowing process, which can only be explained through the unique rules of an ‘audio-visual language’ with the invention of photographs, cinemas and televisions, which are used to record both still and moving images, although the ‘written language’ is still remains fundamental to the construction of meaning and the meaning itself. To facilitate a better understanding toward the written narratives, supporting images can be found in cinemas, newspapers, magazines, books, posters, computer screens, television screens, clothes and even restaurant menus. (Parsa 2002, 844). Image has in fact a dual nature, being both concrete and capable of expressing larger meanings symbolically and metaphorically as it speaks within an experiential, assosiationistic, and holistic logic (Barry 1997, 122). Parsa (2004) tries to break down the strength of visual image that differs from written text, as quoted from Schneider & Raue: 1 Visual image is neither good nor bad information compared to texts. -
Afghan Women and the Taliban
Afghan Women and the Taliban: An Exploratory Assessment Seran de Leede ICCT Policy Brief April 2014 Recent years have seen an increase in visible and sometimes even prominent roles for women in terrorist organisations. Both academics and organisations involved in counter-terrorism have paid increasing attention on the role of women not only as supporters of, but also as opponents to political violence. This Policy Brief examines the position of women in Afghanistan vis-à-vis the Taliban. Leiden University researcher Seran de Leede explores if Afghan women have been involved in the armed struggle of the Taliban as either active or passive supporters. She also considers the resilience women have shown towards political violence in Afghanistan and the possible role women can play in countering violent extremism in the country. Ultimately, this Policy Brief aims to contribute to a better understanding of the role of women in (countering) political violence in Afghanistan. About the Author Seran de Leede is a researcher at Leiden University’s Centre for Terrorism and Counterterrorism in The Hague, where she supported ICCT Research Fellow Prof. Dr. Beatrice de Graaf in her research activities. She completed her Master’s degree in modern history at the University of Leiden in February 2012. De Leede specialises in modern right-wing extremism in Germany, with a special interest in the position of women in terrorist organisations. About ICCT - The Hague The International Centre for Counter-Terrorism – The Hague (ICCT) is an independent knowledge centre that focuses on information creation, collation and dissemination pertaining to the preventative and international legal aspects of counter-terrorism. -
FEZANA Journal Do Not Necessarily Reflect the Feroza Fitch of Views of FEZANA Or Members of This Publication's Editorial Board
FEZANA FEZANA JOURNAL ZEMESTAN 1379 AY 3748 ZRE VOL. 24, NO. 4 WINTER/DECEMBER 2010 G WINTER/DECEMBER 2010 JOURJO N AL Dae – Behman – Spendarmad 1379 AY (Fasli) G Amordad – Shehrever – Meher 1380 AY (Shenshai) G Shehrever – Meher – Avan 1380 AY (Kadimi) CELEBRATING 1000 YEARS Ferdowsi’s Shahnameh: The Soul of Iran HAPPY NEW YEAR 2011 Also Inside: Earliest surviving manuscripts Sorabji Pochkhanawala: India’s greatest banker Obama questioned by Zoroastrian students U.S. Presidential Executive Mission PUBLICATION OF THE FEDERATION OF ZOROASTRIAN ASSOCIATIONS OF NORTH AMERICA PUBLICATION OF THE FEDERATION OF ZOROASTRIAN ASSOCIATIONS OF NORTH AMERICA Vol 24 No 4 Winter / December 2010 Zemestan 1379 AY 3748 ZRE President Bomi V Patel www.fezana.org Editor in Chief: Dolly Dastoor 2 Editorial [email protected] Technical Assistant: Coomi Gazdar Dolly Dastoor Assistant to Editor: Dinyar Patel Consultant Editor: Lylah M. Alphonse, [email protected] 6 Financial Report Graphic & Layout: Shahrokh Khanizadeh, www.khanizadeh.info Cover design: Feroza Fitch, 8 FEZANA UPDATE-World Youth Congress [email protected] Publications Chair: Behram Pastakia Columnists: Hoshang Shroff: [email protected] Shazneen Rabadi Gandhi : [email protected] 12 SHAHNAMEH-the Soul of Iran Yezdi Godiwalla: [email protected] Behram Panthaki::[email protected] Behram Pastakia: [email protected] Mahrukh Motafram: [email protected] 50 IN THE NEWS Copy editors: R Mehta, V Canteenwalla Subscription Managers: Arnavaz Sethna: [email protected];