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Economic Inequality and Institutional Adaptation in Response to Flood Hazards: a Historical Analysis
Copyright © 2018 by the author(s). Published here under license by the Resilience Alliance. van Bavel, B., D. R. Curtis, and T. Soens. 2018. Economic inequality and institutional adaptation in response to flood hazards: a historical analysis. Ecology and Society 23(4):30. https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-10491-230430 Research Economic inequality and institutional adaptation in response to flood hazards: a historical analysis Bas van Bavel 1, Daniel R. Curtis 2 and Tim Soens 3 ABSTRACT. To adequately respond to crises, adaptive governance is crucial, but sometimes institutional adaptation is constrained, even when a society is faced with acute hazards. We hypothesize that economic inequality, defined as unequal ownership of wealth and access to resources, crucially interacts with the way institutions function and are adapted or not. Because the time span for societal responses may be lengthy, we use the historical record as a laboratory to test our hypothesis. In doing so, we focus on floods and water management infrastructure. The test area is one where flood hazards were very evident—the Low Countries (present-day Netherlands and Belgium) in the premodern period (1300–1800)—and we employ comparative analysis of three regions within this geographical area. We draw two conclusions: first, both equitable and inequitable societies can demonstrate resilience in the face of floods, but only if the institutions employed to deal with the hazard are suited to the distributive context. Institutions must change parallel to any changes in inequality. Second, we show that institutional adaptation was not inevitable, but also sometimes failed to occur. Institutional adaptation was never inevitably triggered by stimulus of a hazard, but dependent on socio-political context. -
Northwest Iowa Area Solid Waste Agency Hazardous Household Materials Regional Collection Center Hhmrcc
Con 12-1-1 Doc # 46067 SDP AMENDMENT #-_4-..:...-- __ Date: 0e--h> 6-r 17)"2..0 09 81- SD(-1- () J- 74 - J11 L~ NORTHWEST IOWA AREA SOLID WASTE AGENCY HAZARDOUS HOUSEHOLD MATERIALS REGIONAL COLLECTION CENTER HHMRCC FIVE STATES ENGINEERING cO'MPAN¥ ELLIOT WADDELL, PROFESSIONAL ENGINEER CONSULTING ENGINEERS 19481 ECHO ROAD CONSlRUcnON SERVICES LAND SURVEYORS PROJECT MANAGEMENT SANITARY LANDRLL ENGINEERING WESTFIELD, IOWA 51062-8502 RURAL UTILITIES SOLID W ASTI:MANAGEMENT (712) 568-2162 MUNICIPAL SERVICES Fax (712) 568-3852 Nina Koger August 6, 2009 Iowa Department of Natural Resources, Land Quality Bureau Wallace State Office Building 502 East 9th Street Des Moines, Iowa 50319 Re: Renewal of HHM RCC permit, Northwest Iowa Area SolidW aste Agency Permit Number 84 - SDP - 07 - 06P - HHM Dear Nina, Please find attached three copies ofthe application and supporting documents for renewal of the permit for the Northwest Iowa Area Solid Waste Agency Household Hazardous Material Regional Collection Center. All materials are included in the three ring notebooks as required to process the permit renewal. The copy with original signatures on the application form is marked with tabs. The facility was permitted at the time of the grant submittal and has now been in operation for one year. The materials as submitted are updated to reflect the current operation and facilities used. Mr. Larry Oldenkamp, the assistant manager ofNIASWA is certified for operation of the facility. Please call if you have qu~~tions we may answer. Sincerely, SDP AMENDMENT #__ -1.-4 _ Five States Engineering Daite: f)cA·v ~ IZ \? ()O~ Elliot WUtidell, PE i.tLANS AND SPECIFICATION~ ;:::0 APPURTENANT TO PE~M:IT FOR SANITARY DISPOSAL PROJECT 1'~~. -
Supplement of Storm Xaver Over Europe in December 2013: Overview of Energy Impacts and North Sea Events
Supplement of Adv. Geosci., 54, 137–147, 2020 https://doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-54-137-2020-supplement © Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. Supplement of Storm Xaver over Europe in December 2013: Overview of energy impacts and North Sea events Anthony James Kettle Correspondence to: Anthony James Kettle ([email protected]) The copyright of individual parts of the supplement might differ from the CC BY 4.0 License. SECTION I. Supplement figures Figure S1. Wind speed (10 minute average, adjusted to 10 m height) and wind direction on 5 Dec. 2013 at 18:00 GMT for selected station records in the National Climate Data Center (NCDC) database. Figure S2. Maximum significant wave height for the 5–6 Dec. 2013. The data has been compiled from CEFAS-Wavenet (wavenet.cefas.co.uk) for the UK sector, from time series diagrams from the website of the Bundesamt für Seeschifffahrt und Hydrolographie (BSH) for German sites, from time series data from Denmark's Kystdirektoratet website (https://kyst.dk/soeterritoriet/maalinger-og-data/), from RWS (2014) for three Netherlands stations, and from time series diagrams from the MIROS monthly data reports for the Norwegian platforms of Draugen, Ekofisk, Gullfaks, Heidrun, Norne, Ormen Lange, Sleipner, and Troll. Figure S3. Thematic map of energy impacts by Storm Xaver on 5–6 Dec. 2013. The platform identifiers are: BU Buchan Alpha, EK Ekofisk, VA? Valhall, The wind turbine accident letter identifiers are: B blade damage, L lightning strike, T tower collapse, X? 'exploded'. The numbers are the number of customers (households and businesses) without power at some point during the storm. -
Chapter 6: Intermodal Transportation Emphasizes on Freight Transportation
C H A P T E R 6 : INTERMODAL TRANSPORTATION CHAPTER CONTENTS Truck Air and Passenger Air Intercity Bus Rail Government Air Intermodal Passenger Rail Waterborne Freight Recommendations Chapter 6: Intermodal Transportation emphasizes on freight transportation. Throughout the ten sections in this chapter, freight transportation, truck, rail, passenger rail, air and passenger rail, Government air, waterborne freight, intercity bus, intermodal, and a series of short and long- term policy recommendations are discussed. T RUCK C U R R E N T F ACILITIES Interstate 29 is the major transportation route going through SIMPCO’s MPO planning area. I- 29 provides a north/ south route for automobile, truck, and bus traffic from Sioux City into North and South Dakota, western Iowa, eastern Nebraska, and Missouri. It connects with I-90 to the north at Sioux Falls, I-80, and I-35 at Omaha and Kansas City, respectively. Other interstates that primarily serve the MPO include I-129, US 20, US 75, and US 77. US 75 and US 77 run north/south through Iowa and Nebraska, and US 20 runs east/west across Iowa and Nebraska. Figure 6.1 provides a summary of the major highways in the metropolitan area and regional connections these highways provide. Figure 6.1: SIMPCO Metropolitan Area Major Arterials and Connected Cities 75 77 Fargo, ND Fort Dodge, IA I-90 Sioux Falls, SD Dubuque, IA Le MArs, IA Omaha, NE Roclford, IL Omaha, NE Kansas City, MO I-39 / I-90 Lincoln, NE SIMPCO MPO’s 2045 Long Range Transportation Plan 6-1 C H A P T E R 6 : INTERMODAL TRANSPORTATION TRUCK TRAFFIC The trucking industry is privately owned and operated, therefore, the MPO can only provide a general overview of trucking activity in the region. -
Acrobat Distiller, Job
MINUTES OF SIOUX COUNTY BOARD OF SUPERVISORS MEETING HELD ON JUNE 27, 2000 The Board of Supervisors of Sioux County, Iowa, met pursuant to adjournment at 9:30 o’clock a.m. with Chairman Loren Bouma presiding. Members present were William Vander Maten, Vernon Beernink, Loren Bouma, Bernard L. Smith and Stanley L. De Haan. Minutes were approved as read and amended. Motion by Beernink and supported by Vander Maten to add the following items to the tentative agenda: Approval and a Chairman’s signature on an Emergency Medical Services Training Grant. Approval and a Chairman’s signature on a Liquor License Application for the Rock Valley Golf Club. Carried, unanimous in favor. Committee reports were given this date. Motion by Beernink and supported by De Haan to approve and authorize the Chairman to sign a Bond Purchase Agreement for the issuance of $4,500,000 in Senior Housing Revenue Bonds for the Sioux Center Community Hospital and Health Center Project. Carried, unanimous in favor. Motion by Vander Maten and supported by De Haan to approve and authorize the Chairman to sign an agreement with Plains Area Mental Health Center in an amount of $105,000.00 for fiscal year 2001 for the delivery of mental health services to Sioux County residents. Carried, unanimous in favor. Dennis Sassman, County Community Services Director, met with the Board this date to request approval and a Chairman’s signature on an Iowa Department of Human Services Contract to Purchase Decategorization Services in a total amount of $54,315.08 for fiscal year 2001. -
A Model of Excellence for Weekly Newspapers in Iowa
A MODEL OF EXCELLENCE FOR WEEKLY NEWSPAPERS IN IOWA A THESIS Presented to The School of Journalism and Mass Comunication DRAKE UNIVERSITY In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts in Mass Communication by AMY K. DUNCAN MAY 1994 A MODEL OF EXCELLENCE FOR WEEKLY NEWSPAPERS IN IOWA By Amy Duncan Approved by Committee: . Professor Michael Perkins Dr. Louis Wolter Acting Dean of the School of Journalism and Mass Communication A MODEL OF EXCELLENCE FOR WEEKLY NEWSPAPERS IN IOWA An abstract of a thesis by Amy K. Duncan May 1994 Drake University Advisor: Professor Herbert Strentz Weekly newspapers are what people read to find out their local news. While The Des Moines Register and the like cover the "big" news of the day - Haiti, Somalia, health care -it is the weekly newspapers that bring people the most local news - city council reports, the features on local heroes and the information on how the "big" news affects their small communities. But there is little in existing research to tell us what exactly is the charge of weekly newspapers, and even less telling us how well they live up to this charge. This thesis starts by reporting the results of a survey of 100 editors of Iowa weekly newspapers to determine which weekly newspapers in Iowa are considered the best, what the best weekly newspapers in Iowa do well, and what all weekly newspapers in Iowa do well. From the responses to this survey, it is easy to determine that Iowa weekly &tors believe that weekly newspapers should present mostly local news, they should do it honestly and accurately, and they should package it attractively. -
Precast Prestressed Concrete Pavement ( PPCP )
Scientific Cooperations International Workshops on Engineering Branches 8-9 August 2014, Koc University, ISTANBUL/TURKEY Paving for the future- Precast Prestressed Concrete Pavement ( PPCP ) Yu-Tzu Chen, Adjunct Faculty Luh-Maan Chang*, Professor Construction Management, College of Engineering Department of Civil Engineering Drexel University National Taiwan University Philadelphia, USA Taipei, Taiwan [email protected] [email protected] *Corresponding Author Abstract—Infrastructure is the basic element serving the condition increased users $101 billion in fuel consumption [2]. needs of human being. With the increasing population, With the increasing traffic demand, the already overloaded sustainability is a way to balance human needs with nature roadways are stressed to shorten the pavement life and increase capability. In the U.S., there are more than 4 million miles of users cost. When reconstruction and/or new construction is major public roadways, which pavement/roadway plays an needed, the constantly closure of roadways may causes traffic important role in providing connection and transportation for congestions, delays, increase the chances of accidents and user human activities. costs in extra fuel consumption with environmental pollution. There is a need to break this imperfect cycle. How to meet It is well documented that the pavement/roadway human Therefore, it is vital to search for better method to pave construction may increase traffic congestions, delays and user costs, whilst the severity of congestion is more intensified in for the future. urban and densely populated areas. As a result, there is a need to The sustainable concepts in pavement construction are not develop repair and construction practices and processes that new. -
Lyon County Comprehensive Plan
Lyon County, Iowa 2012 Comprehensive Plan LYON COUNTY, IOWA COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN Prepared with Planning Assistance from Northwest Iowa Planning & 2012 Development Commission i Spencer, Iowa Lyon County, Iowa 2012 Comprehensive Plan (This page left blank intentionally) ii Lyon County, Iowa 2012 Comprehensive Plan LYON COUNTY COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE DEVELOPMENT PLAN Prepared with Planning & Technical Assistance By: Northwest Iowa Planning & Development Commission 217 West 5th Street, Box 1493, Rock Rapids, Iowa 51301 (712) 262-7225 1-800-798-7224 In Cooperation with and Support from: Lyon County Fred Christians, Zoning Administrator Pam Tille, Zoning Secretary Lyon County Courthouse 206 S. 2nd Avenue Rock Rapids, Iowa 51246 Office Hours: Monday – Friday 8:00 A.M- 4:30 P.M. Ph: (712) 472-8550 Fax: (712) 472-8551 Lyon County Board of Supervisors Lyon County Planning Commission Steve Michael – District 1 John Madden, Chair (Rock Rapids) Merle Koedam – District 2 Harley Behrens (George) Mike Modder – District 3 John Fluit (Inwood) Randy Bosch – District 4 Robert Gerber (Lester) Kirk J. Peters – District 5 LeRoy Hassebroek (Little Rock) John Schulte (Rock Rapids) Jeff Williams (Rock Rapids) i Lyon County, Iowa 2012 Comprehensive Plan 2012 LYON COUNTY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The comprehensive land use plan is an essential planning document for those counties in Iowa intending to enforce zoning regulations, annexations, urban renewal tax benefits and other land use controls. This document is created to be Lyon County’s primary guide for future land use policy decision making. The comprehensive plan is general in nature and broad in scope, assessing past and current conditions and making projections for population, housing, economic conditions, and land use issues. -
A Summary of Flooding Events in Boston
1810 flooding (4-10 fatalities) - http://www.lincolnshirelive.co.uk/200-years-flood-end-floods/story-11195470-detail/story.html the text below from the website does mention Fishtoft and Fosdyke as areas that were affected: "AS many as 10 people may have died during the great flood of 1810, which engulfed the area in the pitch black of night and without warning. The total loss of life has only now been revealed, following research into archived material. Historian Hilary Healey has researched the incident and uncovered details of the deaths, which reveal the body count to be much more than the four believed to have perished. In Fosdyke, a servant girl of farmer Mr Birkett found herself surrounded by the sea in a pasture while milking cows and was washed away. Also in Fosdyke, an elderly woman in the course of the night was washed out of an upper window of her cottage and drowned. At Fishtoft, Mr Smith Jessop, a farmer's son, was drowned while trying to rescue some of his father's sheep. Accounts of the flood are few, but the Stamford Mercury recorded some inquests which may have been held at Boston court. These included a youth, William Green, about 16 years old, who drowned at Fishtoft, another unidentified boy, thought to have been from a fishing boat called the Amber Blay, and John Jackson and William Black, also from a wrecked vessel. Inquests were also held into the deaths of two women from Fosdyke, Esther Tunnard and Ann Burton, drowned by the flood inundating their cottages (one of them may have been the person referred to above). -
Paving for the Future- Precast Prestressed Concrete Pavement ( PPCP )
Paving for the future- Precast Prestressed Concrete Pavement ( PPCP ) Yu-Tzu Chen, Adjunct Faculty Luh-Maan Chang*, Professor Construction Management, College of Engineering Department of Civil Engineering Drexel University National Taiwan University Philadelphia, USA Taipei, Taiwan [email protected] [email protected] *Corresponding Author Abstract—Infrastructure is the basic element serving the condition increased users $101 billion in fuel consumption [2]. needs of human being. With the increasing population, With the increasing traffic demand, the already overloaded sustainability is a way to balance human needs with nature roadways are stressed to shorten the pavement life and increase capability. In the U.S., there are more than 4 million miles of users cost. When reconstruction and/or new construction is major public roadways, which pavement/roadway plays an needed, the constantly closure of roadways may causes traffic important role in providing connection and transportation for congestions, delays, increase the chances of accidents and user human activities. costs in extra fuel consumption with environmental pollution. There is a need to break this imperfect cycle. How to meet It is well documented that the pavement/roadway human Therefore, it is vital to search for better method to pave construction may increase traffic congestions, delays and user costs, whilst the severity of congestion is more intensified in for the future. urban and densely populated areas. As a result, there is a need to The sustainable concepts in pavement construction are not develop repair and construction practices and processes that new. They have been discussed widely in both practical and accelerate construction time, thereby reducing traffic delays, user holistic ways in almost every stage of concrete pavement costs as well as associated work time losses, fuel consumption including design, materials, construction, use, renewal, and increase, and other social economic impacts. -
Wednesday, May 16, 1973 Part I Highlights of This Issue
WEDNESDAY, MAY 16, 1973 WASHINGTON, D.C. Volume 38 ■ Number 94 Pages 12791-12884 PART I (Part II begins on page 12871) (Part III begins on page 12879) HIGHLIGHTS OF THIS ISSUE This listing does not affect the legal status of any document published in this issue. Detailed table of contents appears inside. PRESIDENTIAL MEMORANDUM— International Commis- sion of Control and Supervision in Vietnam and Laos declared eligible for defense articles and services....... 1..... 12799 EXECUTIVE ORDER— Designating the International Tele communications Satellite Organization (IN TELSAT) as an international organization entitled to enjoy certain privi leges, exemptions, and immunities...........—.. .....................U 12797 OCEAN DUMPING— EPA interim regulations for permits; effective 5 -1 6 -7 3 .................. ...................................................... 12871 EMPLOYMENT GRANTS— Labor Department broadens definition of "underemployed persons” to ease entry into summer jobs program; effective 5 -1 6 -7 3 .................... 12803 LIGHTWEIGHT MOTOR VEHICLES— DOT removes safety standard exemption for vehicles (except trailers and motorcycles) of 1,000 pounds or less; effective 1 -1 —74.............................................................» 12808 DOT proposes redefinition of motorcycles to exclude certain three-wheeled vehicles; comments by 7 -1 6 -7 3 .. 12818 RURAL HOUSING— USDA proposal on loans to nonprofit organizations; comments by 6 -1 8 -7 3 ................................ 12815 FIREWORKS— FDA proposal to ban certain devices; -
Storm Surge Resilience and the Sendai Framework
Final Draft of the original manuscript: Gonzalez-Riancho, P.; Gerkensmeier, B.; Ratter, B.M.W.: Storm surge resilience and the Sendai Framework: Risk perception, intention to prepare and enhanced collaboration along the German North Sea coast In: Ocean & Coastal Management (2017) Elsevier DOI: 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2017.03.006 1 Storm surge resilience and the Sendai Framework: risk perception, intention to 2 prepare and enhanced collaboration along the German North Sea coast 3 Pino González-Riancho, Birgit Gerkensmeier a, Beate M.W. Ratter a 4 a Institute of Coastal Research, Department of Human Dimensions of Coastal Areas, Helmholtz-Zentrum 5 Geesthacht, Max-Planck-Straße 1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany. 6 Abstract 7 This work assesses the capacity of the German North Sea coast community, which has been hit 8 by several disastrous storm surge events in the past, to organise itself before, during, and after 9 storm surge events in order to minimise the impacts. By means of a survey-based method, we 10 explore stakeholders’ perception regarding the risk and emergency management processes, the 11 psychological and social factors conditioning the intention to prepare and collaborate, as well as 12 the feasibility of enhanced coordination and collaboration mechanisms at the community level. 13 Acknowledging past and ongoing successful initiatives in the study area, the method allows 14 identifying opportunities to foster preparedness and adaptation, such as an improved risk 15 communication strategy, mainstreaming and integrating risk reduction within and across 16 sectors, and the transition from basic participatory approaches based solely on information 17 provision towards full involvement and collaborative approaches.