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Ovdje, Vi Ste Najgori Šljam.”10 to Se Dogodilo Nakon Posjeta Potpredsjednika Vlade Borisa Miloševića I Predsjednika SDSS-A Milo- Rada Pupovca Vukovaru

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Ovdje, Vi Ste Najgori Šljam.”10 to Se Dogodilo Nakon Posjeta Potpredsjednika Vlade Borisa Miloševića I Predsjednika SDSS-A Milo- Rada Pupovca Vukovaru SNV Bulletin #20 Historijski revizionizam, govor mržnje i nasilje prema Srbima u 2020. / SNV Bulletin #20 Impressum Bulletin #20: Historijski revizionizam, govor mržnje i nasilje prema Srbima u 2020. Izdavač / Srpsko narodno vijeće zA IZDAVAČA / Milorad Pupovac urednik / Saša Milošević Autor / Tihomir Ponoš istraživači / Tihomir Ponoš i Nikola Vukobratović prijevod / Riječ i savjet dizajn / Igor Stanišljević, Parabureau Tisak / IT Graf Tiraža / 800 ISSN / 1849-7314 ISBN / 978-9537442-56-9 CIP zapis je dostupan u računalnome katalogu Nacionalne i sveučilišne knjižnice u Zagrebu pod brojem 001094522. podrška / Ured za ljudska prava i prava nacionalnih manjina VRH Zagreb, mart 2021. SNV Bulletin #20 Historijski revizionizam, govor mržnje i nasilje prema Srbima u 2020. / Historijski revizionizam, govor mržnje i nasilje prema Srbima u 2020. / 3 Uvod Prve nedjelje u srpnju održani su parlamentarni izbori. Na tim izborima svoje je kandidate istaknula i Samostalna demokratska srpska stranka (SDSS). Pažnju javnosti privukla je kampanja koju je SDSS vodio pod sloganom “budi ono što jesi, poštuj ono što nisi”, konkretno tri spota izašla u sklopu te kampanje. U prvome ugostitelji pripremaju terasu restorana za vjenčanje, a konobarica na ulaz lijepi natpis na kojem piše da se mole gosti da ne pjevaju ustaške pjesme jer su među uzvanicima i Srbi. Drugi je privukao najviše pažnje javnosti i nazvan je “Pupi je kriv za sve”. Protagonist spota predsjednik je SDSS-a Milorad Pupovac, a u autoironičnom i duhovitom spotu njega se doista proglašava krivim za sve: od rata devedesetih godina pa do planiranja čipiranja stanovništva s Billom Gatesom i pripreme drugog vala korone u Hrvatskoj. Treći spot posvećen je izgradnji malena drvenog mosta na Baniji koji je olakšao život jednoj srpskoj obitelji, a snimljen je na mjestu gdje je most nekada postojao. Moto je spota “mostovi spajaju ljude, budale ih ruše — ne budi budala”. Tri spomenuta spota u velikoj mjeri opisuju ono čime se bavi ovaj Bilten. U prvome slučaju, pjevanju ustaških pjesama, riječ je o sveprisutnosti ustaškog znakovlja u javnosti kao najuočljivijeg primjera historijskog revizionizma te rehabilitacije ustaškog režima i NDH. Ustaških simbola, kao što je ušato “u”, i ustaškog pozdrava “za dom spremni” po fasa- dama je zgrada hrvatskih gradova toliko da se može zaključiti da su se takvi simboli uobičajili. Za nadati se je da se korak dalje od toga neće dogoditi jer je jedini mogući korak dalje taj da ti simboli, osim što su se / Grafit u Buzinu / SNV Bulletin #20 / 4 uobičajili, postanu normalni. S ustaškim znakovljem i rehabilitacijom ustaštva usko je povezan i govor mržnje, kojim se često otvoreno pozi- va na ubojstvo, također prisutan na fasadama zgrada, ali i na sportskim borilištima. I u slučaju govora mržnje možemo konstatirati da je riječ o uobičajenoj pojavi u Hrvatskoj, za koju se možemo samo nadati da neće postati normalna. U drugome slučaju Milorad Pupovac “iskorišten” je stvarno i simbolički kako bi se prikazalo ono što se u Hrvatskoj često događa, a to je name- tanje kolektivne krivnje i odgovornosti Srbima. Ni 1991. godine, kada je Srba u Hrvatskoj živjelo više od 580.000, Srbi nisu bili monolit ni u ko- jem pogledu, pa tako ni u političkom, a sigurno nisu ni danas, kada Srba u Hrvatskoj (prema popisu iz 2011. godine) živi nešto više od 186.000. Nerazumijevanje toga da i među Srbima u Hrvatskoj postoje razlike i ra- zličitosti, te pretvaranje Srba u monolit, u funkciji je stvaranja narativa o kolektivnoj krivnji Srba u Hrvatskoj ne samo za rat devedesetih godina, nego i za neka druga povijesna razdoblja i događaje koje se dominantno negativno ocrtava, poput socijalističkog razdoblja hrvatske povijesti, a krajnja je posljedica narativ o Srbima u Hrvatskoj kao o zaplotnjačkom narodu kojem su svrha, smisao i cilj naštetiti Hrvatskoj i Hrvatima. Treći slučaj uvelike govori o položaju mnogih Srba u Hrvatskoj, posebno u nerazvijenim ruralnim krajevima. Mnogi od njih žive prometno izolira- ni, u lošim uvjetima, često bez osnovne infrastrukture i uz dugotrajne, a nedovoljne napore države da se njihov položaj poboljša. U prošloj smo godini svjedočili i osporavanju prava političkim pred- stavnicima ne samo Srba u Hrvatskoj, nego svih nacionalnih manjina. Posljedica je to sastava vladajuće koalicije i Vlade u koju je na mjesto potpredsjednika ušao Boris Milošević, u Hrvatski sabor izabran kao kandidat SDSS-a. Nesporno je da je svaka vlada nekome nesimpatič- na ili čak antipatična, da je netko nezadovoljan jer je u opoziciji, a ne na vlasti. Međutim, u ovome se slučaju osporavalo pravo nacionalnih manjina, odnosno njihovih parlamentarnih predstavnika, da svojim gla- som podrže Vladu, a išlo se i toliko daleko da se tvrdilo da su izabrani protuustavno, što je potpuno besmisleno. Ipak, nije sve prošle godine bilo tako crno. Pozitivan pomak bilježimo u kulturi sjećanja i naporima stvaranja povoljnijeg ozračja u društvu, zasnovanog na međusobnom uvažavanju i toleranciji. Četiri su važna koraka poduzeta u kulturi sjećanja, a riječ je obilježavanjima godiš- njice Vojno-redarstvene operacije Oluja u Kninu, ubojstava Srba u Gruborima i Plavnu, odnosno Varivodama, te Dana sjećanja na žrtve Vukovara i Škabrnje. Kao prvi korak ističe se dakle to što je u Kninu prvi put bio i politički predstavnik Srba u Hrvatskoj, Boris Milošević, / Historijski revizionizam, govor mržnje i nasilje prema Srbima u 2020. / 5 tada već potpredsjednik Vlade. U domaćoj javnosti njegov je dolazak u Knin generalno pozitivno ocijenjen, uz mjestimične disonantne tonove. U znatnom dijelu javnosti pozitivno je ocijenjen i govor predsjednika Vlade Andreja Plenkovića koji je, uz ostalo, izrazio pijetet svim neduž- nim hrvatskim žrtvama, ali i svim nedužnim srpskim žrtvama “od Paulin Dvora do Varivoda”. Isto je tako ocijenjen i govor predsjednika Republi- ke Zorana Milanovića. Drugi korak bila je komemoracija u Gruborima, održana krajem kolovoza, na kojoj su sudjelovali predsjednik Milanović, potpredsjednik Vlade i ministar hrvatskih branitelja Tomo Medved, potpredsjednik Boris Milošević te predsjednik SDSS-a Milorad Pupovac. Prvi je to put da su tako visoki dužnosnici — predsjednik Republike i potpredsjednik Vlade kojem su u resoru branitelji — sudjelovali na komemoraciji u Gruborima, a poruke su išle u smjeru razumijevanja, tolerancije, osude zločina i uvažavanja nedužnih civilnih žrtava srpske nacionalnosti. Na komemoraciji u Varivodama, što je treći korak, kao predstavnici Vlade bili prisutni predsjednik Andrej Plenković i potpred- sjednik Boris Milošević. I s te su komemoracije poslane poruke osuda zločina nad srpskim civilima, ne samo u Varivodama. Četvrti korak bio je to što je potpredsjednik Milošević sudjelovao i u koloni sjećanja u Vukovaru. On, valja reći, nije prvi politički predstavnik Srba u Hrvatskoj koji je u njoj sudjelovao, ali poslao je važne poruke pomirenja, toleranci- je i žaljenja za žrtve. Kada se govori o kulturi sjećanja, valja naglasiti još dvije činjenice. Prvi put nakon pet godina u Jasenovcu je održana jedna komemoracija, a na obilježavanje Dana antifašističke borbe u šumi Brezovica nadomak Siska petu godinu zaredom nije došao nitko iz državnog vrha — ni pred- sjednik Republike ni predsjednik Sabora ni predsjednik Vlade. / Historijski revizionizam, govor mržnje i nasilje prema Srbima u 2020. / 7 Tablica U Biltenu su, kao i prijašnjih godina, opisani i analizirani slučajevi fizič- kog nasilja, oštećenja imovine, govora mržnje, diskriminacije, historij- skog revizionizma i negacionizma. Podaci u njemu prikupljeni su iz medija, ali i iz prijava Srpskom narod- nom vijeću. U tablici nisu evidentirani svi slučajevi koji su se dogodi- li — niti su podaci tako detaljno prikupljani, niti je tablica takve naravi. Korišteni primjeri mjestimično su korišteni kao jedan ukupan slučaj cijele lokacije — primjerice nisu evidentirani svi grafiti govora mržnje jer bi samo u Zagrebu njih bilo na stotine, ako ne i na tisuće. Slična metodo- logija korištena je i za medije. Pojedini mediji takve sadržaje “proizvode” zato što prenose izjave javnih osoba ili pišu o događajima, a pojedini mediji ih proizvode u skladu sa svojom uređivačkom orijentacijom, tako- rekuć na dnevnoj razini. U tablici su samo radikalni primjeri, nikako svi. Tablica se objavljuje otkako SNV objavljuje Bilten na ovu temu, uz osta- lo i zato da bi se podaci mogli uspoređivati iz godine u godinu. Podaci za 2020. odudaraju od podataka za prijašnje godine — prošla je bila po mnogočemu specifična, a ta je specifičnost izazvana pandemijom koronavirusa, koja se odrazila i na sadržaj ovoga Biltena. Zbog pande- mije mnoge su aktivnosti bile onemogućene ili ograničene. Primjerice, slučajeva govora mržnje na sportskim terenima, ponajprije nogometnim, bilo je manje zato što su se nogometne utakmice većim dijelom godine odigravale ili bez publike ili pred ograničeno dopuštenim brojem gleda- telja, a usporediva situacija vrijedi u nizu u tablici iskazanih kategorija. Isto tako nije održano niz javnih manifestacija (Jasenovac, Jadovno, Srb, itd.) koje redovito izazivaju i povećan govor mržnje. Također, broj akcija koje imaju obilježja netrpeljivosti prema Srbima je znatno manji što je posljedica činjenica da lani nije bilo ni jedne referendumske inicijative kojom se htjelo smanjivati dosegnutu razinu prava pripadnika etničkih manjina. / SNV Bulletin #20 / 8 SLUČAJEVI HISTORIJSKOG REVIZIONIZMA, 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 GOVORA MRŽNJE I NASILJA PREMA SRBIMA Grafiti i znakovlje koji sadrže govor 8 14 26 35 33 40 30 mržnje i etničku netrpeljivost Govor mržnje
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