DOCSLIB.ORG

View of Antebellum Southern Christianity

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
View of Antebellum Southern Christianity © 2013 Lucius Wedge ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ANDREW JOHNSON AND THE MINISTERS OF NASHVILLE: A STUDY IN THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WAR, POLITICS, AND MORALITY A Dissertation Presented to The Graduate Faculty of The University of Akron In Partial Fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy Lucius Wedge August, 2013 ANDREW JOHNSON AND THE MINISTERS OF NASHVILLE: A STUDY IN THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WAR, POLITICS, AND MORALITY Lucius Wedge Dissertation Approved: Accepted: _________________________ _________________________ Advisor Department Chair Dr. Lesley J. Gordon Dr. Martin Wainwright _________________________ Committee Member _________________________ Dr. Gregory Wilson Dean of the College of Arts and Sciences _________________________ Dr. Chand Midha Committee Member Dr. Kevin Adams _________________________ _________________________ Dean of the Graduate School Committee Member Dr. George R. Newkome Dr. Zachary R. Williams _________________________ _________________________ Committee Member Date Dr. William Lyons ii ABSTRACT “Andrew Johnson and the Ministers of Nashville: A Study in the Relationship between Politics, War, and Morality.” In early 1862 Andrew Johnson was appointed the Military Governor of Tennessee, and charged with bringing the state back into the Union. In the prosecution of this office he quickly arrested all residents of Nashville he deemed threatening to national unity. Johnson targeted the political leaders of the community including city council members and newspaper editors. He then targeted the ministers of Nashville. In his initial sweep, he found six ministers in the city who were expressing pro-Confederate sentiments from the pulpit. Johnson demanded they swear an oath of loyalty as a group. The ministers, Robert B.C. Howell, Samuel Baldwin, Collins Elliott, Edmund Sehon, William Sawrie, and Reuben Ford considered the oath and rejected it. Johnson arrested them and sent them into prisoner of war camps farther North. Johnson quickly followed the arrest of these ministers by arresting the chaplain of the state penitentiary, again for aiding the Confederacy. The figures involved were themselves fairly typical midcentury southerners. The ministers were respectable middle class men with families and civic responsibilities. Johnson had emerged as a successful, but unremarkable politician. The war and iii subsequent arrest transformed these, otherwise, unremarkable individuals. The ministers through their experiences emerged as prime advocates of mass Southern identity. The ministers understood this identity as being rooted within their assumptions of divine providence, racial hierarchy, and their own position in society. As such, the war also required an adjustment of the ministers’ apocalyptic understanding of their nation. The arrest itself served to define their understanding of these theological and social norms. The ministers adjusted to a changing landscape as they adapted to the challenges presented by the Confederacy’s defeat. The requirements of Reconstruction pushed the ministers to explain the failure of God to support the South, which they managed through the promotion of the Lost Cause. The creation of the Lost Cause myth served as a new civic religion for the South, and the ministers acted as its prime adherents. Johnson presents a very different view of antebellum southern Christianity. Johnson never claimed membership in a church, and early in his political career he was accused of being an atheist. Despite this Johnson articulated a nationalistic version of Christianity in which devotion to God was coequal to devotion to the democratic state. This provided Johnson with a clarity concerning God’s providence. Johnson clearly recognized the importance of Christianity in helping to shape public opinion, and as such he understood religious leaders served the Confederacy as significantly as political figures. As a result of these concurrent factors Johnson emerged as a religious figure, despite the historiographical interpretation of him as nonreligious. The ministers emerge as one of the animating factors of southern identity, and Confederate nationalism. Moreover, the proslavery ideology of the Southern ministers and their millennial iv interpretations of America’s place in the world continue to be significant throughout the typical historical periodization of the mid nineteenth century. v TABLE OF CONTENTES Page CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION..…...…………………………………….………………………1 II. A CONDENSED EXAMINATION OF NINETEENTHCENTURY THEOLOGY…………………………………………………………………………..46 III. “THE KINGDOM OF CHRIST IS NOT OF THIS WORLD”: THE MILLENNIALISM AND NATIONALISM OF ROBERT BOYTE CRAWFORD HOWELL…………………………………………...…………………………………81 IV. SEHON AND SAWRIE: CIRCUIT RIDERS AND MORAL SUASION……………………………………………………………………………..105 V. COLLINS D. ELLIOTT: A SOUTHERN EDUCATOR………………………….128 VI. WILLIAM WHARTON, REUBEN FORD AND COMMON MINISTRY……...162 VII. SAMUEL BALDWIN: THE APOCALYPTIC PROPHET OF CIVIL WAR NASHVILLE………………………………………………………………………….177 VIII. ANDREW JOHNSON………………………………………………………......204 IX. CONCLUSION: THE SOUL OF THE SOUTH AND THE NATION…………...230 BIBLIOGRAPHY……………………………………………………………………..239 vi CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION On June 18, 1862, Andrew Johnson held a meeting with several of Nashville’s more prominent and pro-secessionist ministers. The transcript of the meeting that made its way to the Nashville Union, and eventually the New York Herald, offered only a few indications of the ministers’ opinion of Johnson’s request that they subscribe to a loyalty oath.1 The ministers asked for varying lengths of time to consider the request. Collins Elliot, one of the most prominent of the ministers gathered, had the sharpest reaction to the oath. The conversations ended with a terse exchange between Elliot and Johnson. Elliot claimed that under the terms of Nashville’s surrender he could not be required to take the oath. Johnson replied by naming Elliot as disloyal and a traitor, particularly for the stance he had taken with the Nashville Female Academy. Elliot had served as the president of this school almost since he had moved to Nashville, and when war broke out 1 It seems that Johnson adjusted the exact wording of the Oath to be taken from case to case. He required the ministers to swear the following: “I do solemnly swear that I will support, protect and defend the Constitution and government of the United States against all enemies, whether domestic or foreign, and that I will bear true faith, allegiance and loyalty to the same, and laws ordinances, resolutions or conventions to the contrary notwithstanding; and farther, that I do this with a full determination, pledge and purpose without any mental reservation or evasion whatsoever; and, further, that I will well and faithfully perform all the duties which may be required of me by law. So help me God.” Ibid., 513. 1 he unabashedly proclaimed the school to be pro-Confederate.2 Ten days later, Johnson received the minsters again this time with Robert B.C. Howell speaking for the group on many points concerning the Loyalty Oath. Howell phrased his response entirely in his own words, and seemed to speak only for himself. This is, however, the only recorded response despite several of the other ministers having a national reputation in their own right. Howell’s response can be taken as the attitude of the entire group. He offered seven specific problems with the oath that kept him from assenting to it. These ranged from matters of wording to a feigned lack of understanding of what the oath might imply. Howell’s most pointed response to the oath stated his preferred position on the matter: I have ever scrupulously conformed myself to the government under which I have lived. I do this as a religious duty I have never knowingly violated and law of the Federal government now established… I intend not to resist the “powers that be,” but to comply with their requisition as far as they do not come in conflict with my duty to God.3 Johnson responded to this letter by ordering Lieutenant Colonel Richard McClain to hold the reverends RBC Howell, Collins Elliot, Reuben Ford, Edmund Sehon, and William Sawrie under arrest until they were willing to swear the oath or could be transferred beyond Union lines. Johnson further underlined his order by sending another to McClain later on the 28th directing him to keep the ministers away from visitors, and without any tokens or luxuries that might be brought to them. In Johnson’s words, “These men were not sent to the Penitentiary there to be kept as objects of especial attention from traitors, 2 John Windrow, “Collins D. Elliott and the Nashville Female Academy,” Tennessee Historical Magazine, 1932, 96; Andrew Johnson, The Papers of Andrew Johnson: Volume 5, 1861-1862, vol. 5 (Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1979), 487–489. 3 Johnson, The Papers of Andrew Johnson: Volume 5, 1861-1862, 5:513–516. 2 nor to be lionized by a class of people, who, if properly dealt with, would be allowed the privilege of expressing their sympathy only within the same place of confinement.”4 Johnson followed his meeting with the ministers of Nashville by holding a dialogue with the Chaplain of Tennessee’s State Penitentiary. According to the Nashville Union, Chaplain William Wharton was present, but not involved with the ministers’ refusal to swear the oath. Once the ministers were arrested, Johnson turned his attention to Wharton. Johnson’s ire seemed to be up and he approached Wharton more directly than he had the other minsters. Johnson
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Chapter Xiv Baptist Successionism
    CHAPTER XIV BAPTIST SUCCESSIONISM The devious strategy of associating the Received Text with the aforementioned medieval sects, which are alleged to have descended in an unbroken succession from the New Testament Church, has its roots in a larger movement known as ―Baptist Successionism‖ or ―Landmarkism.‖ This movement is based on a misapplication of Proverbs 22:28 which is removed from its context and applied to Baptist ecclesiology. In its context of Proverbs 22, ―Remove not the ancient landmark, which thy fathers have set‖ was a prohibition against removing ancient markers, usually stones, which identified the established boundaries of a piece of land. The Baptist Successonists claim that the ―ancient landmark‖ of their movement is not the Protestant Reformation but the New Testament Church, and that their founder was John the Baptist. Landmark Baptists reject, not only identification of Baptists with other Protestant denominations, they deny the existence of a universal Church and recognize only Baptists as having a direct succession from the apostles. The pseudo history of Baptist Successionism is today preached by Fundamentalist Baptist KJV-Only preachers such as David Cloud: ―We have now seen that the Baptists, who were formerly called Anabaptists...were the original Waldenses, and have long in the history of the Church received the honor of that origin. On this account, the Baptists may be considered the only Christian community which has stood since the apostles, and as a Christian society which has preserved pure the doctrines of the Gospel through all ages.‖ (David Cloud, Way of Life Encyclopedia, Roman Catholic Dominion 500- 1500 A.D.) The Landmark teaching was first introduced in the U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • The Origin, Theology, Transmission, and Recurrent Impact of Landmarkism in the Southern Baptist Convention (1850-2012)
    THE ORIGIN, THEOLOGY, TRANSMISSION, AND RECURRENT IMPACT OF LANDMARKISM IN THE SOUTHERN BAPTIST CONVENTION (1850-2012) by JAMES HOYLE MAPLES submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF THEOLOGY in the subject CHURCH HISTORY at the UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AFRICA Supervisor: PROF M. H. MOGASHOA March 2014 © University of South Africa ABSTRACT OF GRADUATE STUDENT RESEARCH DOCTORAL PROJECT UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AFRICA Title: THE ORIGIN, THEOLOGY, TRANSMISSION, AND RECURRENT IMPACT OF LANDMARKISM IN THE SOUTHERN BAPTIST CONVENTION (1850-2012) Name of researcher: James Hoyle Maples Promoter: M. H. Mogashoa, Ph.D. Date Completed: March 2014 Landmarkism was a sectarian view of Baptist church history and practice. It arose in the mid-eighteenth century and was a dominant force in the first half-century of the life of the Southern Baptist Convention, America’s largest Protestant denomination. J. R. Graves was its chief architect, promoter, and apologist. He initiated or helped propagate controversies which shaped Southern Baptist life and practice. His influence spread Landmarkism throughout the Southern Baptist Convention through religious periodicals, books, and educational materials. Key Landmark figures in the seminaries and churches also promoted these views. After over fifty years of significant impact the influence of Landmarkism seemed to diminish eventually fading from sight. Many observers of Southern Baptist life relegated it to a movement of historical interest but no current impact. In an effort to examine this assumption, research was conducted which explored certain theological positions of Graves, other Landmarkers, and sects claimed as the true church by the promoters of Baptist church succession.
    [Show full text]
  • James Madison Pendleton
    SELECTED WRITINGS OF JAMES MADISON PENDLETON VOLUME I Historical and Autobiographical JAMES MADISON PENDLETON (1811-1891) SELECTED WRITINGS OF JAMES MADISON PENDLETON IN THREE VOLUMES k Volume I k Historical and Autobiographical • James Madison Pendleton and His Contribution to Baptist Ecclesiology • Reminiscences of a Long Life • The Funeral of Dr. J. M. Pendleton k COMPILED AND EDITED BY THOMAS WHITE Printed in 2006 by THE BAPTIST STANDARD BEARER, INC. No. 1 Iron Oaks Drive Paris, Arkansas 72855 (479) 963-3831 THE WALDENSIAN EMBLEM lux lucet in tenebris “The Light Shineth in the Darkness” ISBN# 1579780466 SELECTED WRITINGS OF JAMES MADISON PENDLETON IN THREE VOLUMES VOLUME ONE — HISTORICAL AND AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL • James Madison Pendleton and His Contribution to Baptist Ecclesiology by THOMAS WHITE • Reminiscences of a Long Life by JAMES MADISON PENDLETON • Article on the Death of J. M. Pendleton by M. M. RILEY VOLUME TWO — ECCLESIASTICAL • Selected Writings on Various Aspects of the New Testament Church by JAMES MADISON PENDLETON VOLUME THREE — THEOLOGICAL • Selected Writings on Various Topics of Theology by JAMES MADISON PENDLETON v TABLE OF CONTENTS VOLUME I Historical and Autobiographical k PAGE Acknowledgements . ix Introduction . xi James Madison Pendleton and His Contribution to Baptist Ecclesiology . 1 by Thomas White Reminiscences of a Long Life . 279 by James Madison Pendleton The Funeral of Dr. J. M. Pendleton . 443 by M. M. Riley vii k ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS —————— must extend a thank you to those who made this process I possible. First, I would like to thank Bill Lee and his associates at the Baptist Standard Bearer who agreed to publish this project.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction to the Puritans: Memorial Edition
    Introduction to the Puritans Memorial Edition Erroll Hulse (1931-2017) INTRODUCTION TO THE PURITANS Erroll Hulse (1931-2017) Memorial Edition A Tribute to the Life and Ministry of Erroll Hulse Dedicated to the memory of Erroll Hulse with great joy and gratitude for his life and ministry. Many around the world will continue to benefit for many years to come from his untiring service. Those who knew him, and those who read this volume, will be blessed by his Christ- honoring life, a life well-lived to the glory of God. The following Scripture verses, psalm, and hymns were among his favorites. ISAIAH 11:9 They shall not hurt nor destroy in all my holy mountain: for the earth shall be full of the knowledge of the LORD, as the waters cover the sea. HABAKKUK 2:14 For the earth shall be filled with the knowledge of the glory of the LORD, as the waters cover the sea. PSALM 72 1Give the king thy judgments, O God, and thy righteousness unto the king’s son. 2He shall judge thy people with righteousness, and thy poor with judgment. 3The mountains shall bring peace to the people, and the little hills, by righteousness. 4He shall judge the poor of the people, he shall save the children of the needy, and shall break in pieces the oppressor. 5They shall fear thee as long as the sun and moon endure, throughout all generations. 6He shall come down like rain upon the mown grass: as showers that water the earth. 7In his days shall the righteous flourish; and abundance of peace so long as the moon endureth.
    [Show full text]
  • The Trail of Blood-Baptist Successionism by Steve Ray
    The Trail of Blood-Baptist Successionism By Steve Ray An article in the soon to be published “Catholic Dictionary of Apologetics and Evangelism” by Ignatius Press ********************************************* When Baptists attempt to discover the origins of their tradition they are faced with a historical dilemma. The search for Baptists roots hits a dead end in the sixteenth century. Most acknowledge that Baptist tradition is a tributary flowing out of the Protestant Reformation, but others attempt to discover a line of historical continuity, of doctrine and practice, back to Jesus and even John the Baptist. These Baptists are commonly referred to “Baptist Successionists”. Such a historical continuity is a factual impossibility though the proponents continue aggressively promoting their theories. First, we will summarize the popular theory as espoused in the popular booklet The Trail of Blood and secondly, we will analyze their position historically. It is helpful to remember, according to W. Morgan Patterson, associate professor of church history at Southern Baptist Theological Seminary, that the “Baptist historians”-those who are proponents of this view-”have been preachers and pastors first of all, and historians second” (Baptist Successionism, [Valley Forge, PA: Judson Press, 1980), 5. The Trail of Blood was written by J. M. Carroll in 1931 and is published by Ashland Avenue Baptist Church in Lexington Kentucky. It is a small booklet of fifty-six pages containing a proposed timeline of Baptist churches back to Jesus. By 1994 over 1,955,000 copies had been printed and it has gained great popularity among Fundamentalist groups. The author unabashedly attempts to denigrate the Catholic Church while attempting to establish his own legitimacy as the true church.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 SYLLABUS 05HT6125: American Presbyterianism Dr. Sean Michael
    1 SYLLABUS 05HT6125: American Presbyterianism Dr. Sean Michael Lucas Chancellor’s Professor of Church History Meetings: Thursday, 2p-4p Central Time via Zoom Office: Independent Presbyterian Church, Memphis, TN Phone: 901-685-8206 E-mail: [email protected] [email protected] Course description: A survey of the history of American Presbyterianism from its roots in the Calvinist reformed tradition to the present. The course focuses on key historical events and controversies that shaped Presbyterian denominations, major leaders who influenced Presbyterian theology and its prominent institutions, movements that reflected Presbyterian leadership of American religions, and the reciprocal relation between Presbyterianism and American culture. A special feature of this course will be a focus on African-American contributions to American Presbyterianism throughout its history. Goals: 1. The student will be introduced to the main outlines of Presbyterian history in America, noting major figures, events, controversies, and outcomes. 2. Through the lectures, the student will be exposed to the cultural and political contexts of Presbyterian thought and develop a greater critical appreciation for the Presbyterian tradition. 3. Through the reading and discussions, the student will be oriented to key figures, beliefs, practices, and stories in the life of the Presbyterian church and will consider how they relate to contemporary Christian life and ministry. 4. Through the critical book review essay, the student will engage in critical dialogue with one particularly significant theologian or theological event in Presbyterian history. 5. Through the final paper, the student will have the opportunity to explore a particular Presbyterian theologian or theological issue and so grow in his/her critical appreciation for Presbyterian history and identity.
    [Show full text]
  • True Courage | a Memorial Sermon for General Thomas J
    True Courage | A Memorial Sermon For General Thomas J. “Stone-wall” Jackson by Robert L. Dabney INTRODUCTION Stonewall Jackson General Thomas Jonathan “Stonewall” Jackson, born in the mountains of what is now West Virginia on Jan. 21, 1824, ranks among the most valiant soldiers and skillful tacticians in all military history. After graduating from West Point, Jackson served with distinction in the Mexi- can War and then returned to Virginia to teach natural philosophy and artillery tactics at Virginia Military Institute for 10 years. While in Lexington Jackson lived an exemplary life, serving as a Deacon in the Presbyterian Church and founding and teaching in a Sunday School for slaves. With the war Jackson entered the service of the Confederacy. He was given his famous nick-name on July 21, 1861, at the first battle of Manassas. Confederate troops had been put to flight by a powerful Union advance. General Bernard Bee of South Carolina, seeking desperately to stem the tide, saw Jackson and his troops standing firm. Bee cried, “There stands Jackson like a stone wall. Rally behind the Virginians!” With that stand the battle turned from a Confederate defeat to a Federal rout, and from that day forward Jackson’s was known as the Stone-wall Bri- gade. Of this engagement Jackson wrote to his wife on July 22nd, “Yesterday we fought a great battle, and gained a great victory, for which all the glory is due to God alone.”1 In 1863, while defeating Federal forces at Chancellorsville, Jackson was accidentally shot by his own men and died eight days later.
    [Show full text]
  • Baptist Successionism
    The Journal of Baptist Studies 3 (2009): 3-15. THE SUCCESSIONISM VIEW OF BAPTIST HISTORY * James R. Duvall Introduction When Clarence Walker began publishing The Trail of Blood in 1931, neither he nor J. M. Carroll, the author, could have imagined the impact the booklet would have on Baptists in the United States and around the world. The first thousand copies had been sold quickly by another publisher and sales continued steadily from Ashland Avenue Baptist Church in Lexington, KY. Today there have been nearly three million copies sold. The booklet has been enlarged by the present publisher,1 and it has been translated into several other languages: Spanish, Portuguese, Italian, Russian and possibly others. It is now on the Internet in at least three languages. The Trail of Blood describes in a brief outline form what successionist historians had written for nearly two centuries. They believed there had been a succession of churches that held the basic doctrines of Baptists, and they were not associated in any way with the Roman Catholic institution. The Trail of Blood does not claim to be a complete history as such, but what might be called a “Baptist Manifesto.” It was written in such a way that pastors and teachers could present a thumbnail sketch of their Baptist ancestors. Carroll's idea was so successful that several authors have used a similar format, 2 while other authors have spent a lot of ink seeking to counter these lessons. 3 W. *Thanks to my son, James Kenneth, for assistance in research and preparation of this essay.
    [Show full text]
  • The Development of Baptist Thought in the Jamaican Context
    THE DEVELOPMENT OF BAPTIST THOUGHT IN THE JAMAICAN CONTEXT A Case Study by MICHAEL OLIVER FISHER Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts (Theology) Acadia University Spring Convocation 2010 © by MICHAEL OLIVER FISHER, 2010. CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS………………………………………………...................................…………… vi LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS…………………………………………………………….………………..…. vii ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………………………………………….…...… viii INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………………………………....……………..... 1 CHAPTERS: 1. BAPTIST LIFE AND THOUGHT AS CONTEXT…………………………………………... 5 1.1 The Polygenetic Nature of Baptist Origins……………….…………… 7 1.2 A Genetic History of Baptist Thought…………………………………… 13 1.3 General Patterns in Baptist Thought…………………………….…….... 25 1.4 Relevant Themes in Baptist Life and Thought……......………...…... 34 2. THE HISTORY OF BAPTISTS IN JAMAICA………………….…………………………....... 41 2.1 A Chronological History of Jamaica………………..…………..………… 42 2.2 An Introduction to the Baptist Mission……....……………….………… 51 2.2.1 American Influences…………………..…………………………….. 53 2.2.2 British Influences……………………...……………………………… 59 2.3 The Development of the Baptist Mission in Jamaica...………….…. 72 3. FOUNDATIONS OF AFRO‐CHRISTIAN THOUGHT IN JAMAICA……………….… 91 3.1 Bases of Jamaican Religious Thought………………………...………..... 93 3.1.1 African Religious Traditions……………………………...….…… 94 3.1.2 Missiological Religious Thought…………………………….…... 101 3.2 The Great Revival and the Rise of Afro‐Christian Theology......... 118 3.3 Features of Jamaica Religious
    [Show full text]
  • 3356770.Pdf (3.910Mb)
    Copyright © 2008 Aaron Menikoff All rights reserved. The Southern Baptist Theological Seminary has permission to reproduce and disseminate this document in any form by any means for purposes chosen by the Seminary, including, without limitation, preservation or instruction. PIETY AND POLITICS: BAPTIST SOCIAL REFORM IN AMERICA, 1770-1860 A Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of The Southern Baptist Theological Seminary In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy by Aaron Menikoff October 2008 UMI Number: 3356770 Copyright 2009 by Menikoff, Aaron All rights reserved INFORMATION TO USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleed-through, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. UM^ . I<§> UMI Microform 3356770 Copyright2009by ProQuest LLC All rights reserved. This microform edition is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 APPROVAL SHEET PIETY AND POLITICS: BAPTIST SOCIAL REFORM IN AMERICA, 1770-1860 Aaron Menikoff Read and Approved by: Gregory A. Wills (Supervisor) omas J./Wettle, \JJJt>S> Russell D. Moore Date a a/cy* To Deana, my wife and friend TABLE OF CONTENTS Page PREFACE vi Chapter 1. INTRODUCTION 1 An Evangelical Impulse 4 A Search for Virtue 11 Real Social Reform 13 Thesis and Summary 19 2.
    [Show full text]
  • Benjamin Morgan Palmer: Southern Presbyterian Divine
    BENJAMIN MORGAN PALMER: SOUTHERN PRESBYTERIAN DIVINE Except where reference is made to the work of others, the work described in this dissertation is my own or was done in collaboration with my advisory committee. This dissertation does not include proprietary or classified information. _________________________ Christopher M. Duncan Certificate of Approval: ________________________ ________________________ Kenneth W. Noe Anthony G. Carey, Chair Associate Professor Professor History History ________________________ ________________________ Charles A. Israel George T. Flowers Associate Professor Dean History Graduate School BENJAMIN MORGAN PALMER: SOUTHERN PRESBYTERIAN DIVINE Christopher M. Duncan A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Auburn University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Auburn, Alabama December 19, 2008 BENJAMIN MORGAN PALMER: SOUTHERN PRESBYTERIAN DIVINE Christopher M. Duncan Permission is granted to Auburn University to make copies of this dissertation at its discretion, upon request of individuals or institutions and at their expense. The author reserves all publication rights. ______________________________ Signature of Author ______________________________ Date of Graduation iii VITA Christopher Michael Duncan was born in Atlanta, Georgia to Michael Alan Duncan and Lurajean Akin on November 14, 1974. He received a Bachelor of Arts degree from Auburn University in Speech Communication in 1997 and a Master of Divinity from Beeson Divinity School at Samford University in 2000. He was ordained to the gospel ministry in the Presbyterian Church in America in 2001. He is married to Kelli Anne Johnson and currently resides in Opelika, Alabama with their two daughters. iv DISSERTATION ABSTRACT BENJAMIN MORGAN PALMER: SOUTHERN PRESBYTERIAN DIVINE Christopher M. Duncan Doctor of Philosophy, December 19, 2008 (M.Div., Beeson Divinity School, 2000) (B.A., Auburn University, 1997) 226 Typed Pages Directed by Anthony G.
    [Show full text]
  • Nance, Mantle
    UHI Thesis - pdf download summary The Adorable Trinity Old Columbia Seminary’s Stand for Trinitarianism in the Nineteenth-Century American South Nance, Mantle DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY (AWARDED BY OU/ABERDEEN) Award date: 2017 Awarding institution: The University of Edinburgh Link URL to thesis in UHI Research Database General rights and useage policy Copyright,IP and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the UHI Research Database are retained by the author, users must recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. This copy has been supplied on the understanding that it is copyright material and that no quotation from the thesis may be published without proper acknowledgement, or without prior permission from the author. Users may download and print one copy of any thesis from the UHI Research Database for the not-for-profit purpose of private study or research on the condition that: 1) The full text is not changed in any way 2) If citing, a bibliographic link is made to the metadata record on the the UHI Research Database 3) You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain 4) You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the UHI Research Database Take down policy If you believe that any data within this document represents a breach of copyright, confidence or data protection please contact us at [email protected] providing details; we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 01. Oct.
    [Show full text]