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Vegetation Benchmarks Rainforest and Related Scrub
Vegetation Benchmarks Rainforest and related scrub Eucryphia lucida Vegetation Condition Benchmarks version 1 Rainforest and Related Scrub RPW Athrotaxis cupressoides open woodland: Sphagnum peatland facies Community Description: Athrotaxis cupressoides (5–8 m) forms small woodland patches or appears as copses and scattered small trees. On the Central Plateau (and other dolerite areas such as Mount Field), broad poorly– drained valleys and small glacial depressions may contain scattered A. cupressoides trees and copses over Sphagnum cristatum bogs. In the treeless gaps, Sphagnum cristatum is usually overgrown by a combination of any of Richea scoparia, R. gunnii, Baloskion australe, Epacris gunnii and Gleichenia alpina. This is one of three benchmarks available for assessing the condition of RPW. This is the appropriate benchmark to use in assessing the condition of the Sphagnum facies of the listed Athrotaxis cupressoides open woodland community (Schedule 3A, Nature Conservation Act 2002). Benchmarks: Length Component Cover % Height (m) DBH (cm) #/ha (m)/0.1 ha Canopy 10% - - - Large Trees - 6 20 5 Organic Litter 10% - Logs ≥ 10 - 2 Large Logs ≥ 10 Recruitment Continuous Understorey Life Forms LF code # Spp Cover % Immature tree IT 1 1 Medium shrub/small shrub S 3 30 Medium sedge/rush/sagg/lily MSR 2 10 Ground fern GF 1 1 Mosses and Lichens ML 1 70 Total 5 8 Last reviewed – 2 November 2016 Tasmanian Vegetation Monitoring and Mapping Program Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment http://www.dpipwe.tas.gov.au/tasveg RPW Athrotaxis cupressoides open woodland: Sphagnum facies Species lists: Canopy Tree Species Common Name Notes Athrotaxis cupressoides pencil pine Present as a sparse canopy Typical Understorey Species * Common Name LF Code Epacris gunnii coral heath S Richea scoparia scoparia S Richea gunnii bog candleheath S Astelia alpina pineapple grass MSR Baloskion australe southern cordrush MSR Gleichenia alpina dwarf coralfern GF Sphagnum cristatum sphagnum ML *This list is provided as a guide only. -
Pollination Ecology and Evolution of Epacrids
Pollination Ecology and Evolution of Epacrids by Karen A. Johnson BSc (Hons) Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Tasmania February 2012 ii Declaration of originality This thesis contains no material which has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma by the University or any other institution, except by way of background information and duly acknowledged in the thesis, and to the best of my knowledge and belief no material previously published or written by another person except where due acknowledgement is made in the text of the thesis, nor does the thesis contain any material that infringes copyright. Karen A. Johnson Statement of authority of access This thesis may be made available for copying. Copying of any part of this thesis is prohibited for two years from the date this statement was signed; after that time limited copying is permitted in accordance with the Copyright Act 1968. Karen A. Johnson iii iv Abstract Relationships between plants and their pollinators are thought to have played a major role in the morphological diversification of angiosperms. The epacrids (subfamily Styphelioideae) comprise more than 550 species of woody plants ranging from small prostrate shrubs to temperate rainforest emergents. Their range extends from SE Asia through Oceania to Tierra del Fuego with their highest diversity in Australia. The overall aim of the thesis is to determine the relationships between epacrid floral features and potential pollinators, and assess the evolutionary status of any pollination syndromes. The main hypotheses were that flower characteristics relate to pollinators in predictable ways; and that there is convergent evolution in the development of pollination syndromes. -
World Heritage Values and to Identify New Values
FLORISTIC VALUES OF THE TASMANIAN WILDERNESS WORLD HERITAGE AREA J. Balmer, J. Whinam, J. Kelman, J.B. Kirkpatrick & E. Lazarus Nature Conservation Branch Report October 2004 This report was prepared under the direction of the Department of Primary Industries, Water and Environment (World Heritage Area Vegetation Program). Commonwealth Government funds were contributed to the project through the World Heritage Area program. The views and opinions expressed in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the Department of Primary Industries, Water and Environment or those of the Department of the Environment and Heritage. ISSN 1441–0680 Copyright 2003 Crown in right of State of Tasmania Apart from fair dealing for the purposes of private study, research, criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright Act, no part may be reproduced by any means without permission from the Department of Primary Industries, Water and Environment. Published by Nature Conservation Branch Department of Primary Industries, Water and Environment GPO Box 44 Hobart Tasmania, 7001 Front Cover Photograph: Alpine bolster heath (1050 metres) at Mt Anne. Stunted Nothofagus cunninghamii is shrouded in mist with Richea pandanifolia scattered throughout and Astelia alpina in the foreground. Photograph taken by Grant Dixon Back Cover Photograph: Nothofagus gunnii leaf with fossil imprint in deposits dating from 35-40 million years ago: Photograph taken by Greg Jordan Cite as: Balmer J., Whinam J., Kelman J., Kirkpatrick J.B. & Lazarus E. (2004) A review of the floristic values of the Tasmanian Wilderness World Heritage Area. Nature Conservation Report 2004/3. Department of Primary Industries Water and Environment, Tasmania, Australia T ABLE OF C ONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS .................................................................................................................................................................................1 1. -
Post-Fire Recovery of Woody Plants in the New England Tableland Bioregion
Post-fire recovery of woody plants in the New England Tableland Bioregion Peter J. ClarkeA, Kirsten J. E. Knox, Monica L. Campbell and Lachlan M. Copeland Botany, School of Environmental and Rural Sciences, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, AUSTRALIA. ACorresponding author; email: [email protected] Abstract: The resprouting response of plant species to fire is a key life history trait that has profound effects on post-fire population dynamics and community composition. This study documents the post-fire response (resprouting and maturation times) of woody species in six contrasting formations in the New England Tableland Bioregion of eastern Australia. Rainforest had the highest proportion of resprouting woody taxa and rocky outcrops had the lowest. Surprisingly, no significant difference in the median maturation length was found among habitats, but the communities varied in the range of maturation times. Within these communities, seedlings of species killed by fire, mature faster than seedlings of species that resprout. The slowest maturing species were those that have canopy held seed banks and were killed by fire, and these were used as indicator species to examine fire immaturity risk. Finally, we examine whether current fire management immaturity thresholds appear to be appropriate for these communities and find they need to be amended. Cunninghamia (2009) 11(2): 221–239 Introduction Maturation times of new recruits for those plants killed by fire is also a critical biological variable in the context of fire Fire is a pervasive ecological factor that influences the regimes because this time sets the lower limit for fire intervals evolution, distribution and abundance of woody plants that can cause local population decline or extirpation (Keith (Whelan 1995; Bond & van Wilgen 1996; Bradstock et al. -
Floristic Response to Landscape Context in Vascular Plant Communities in Eucalyptus Obliqua and Eucalyptus Regnans Wet Forest, Southern Tasmania
Floristic response to landscape context in vascular plant communities in Eucalyptus obliqua and Eucalyptus regnans wet forest, southern Tasmania by Jayne Balmer BSc(Hons) Discipline of Geography and Spatial Science School of Land and Food Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Tasmania Hobart Jan, 2016 ii 24/01/2016 24/01/2016 24/01/2016 iii Floristic response to landscape context in vascular plant communities in Eucalyptus obliqua and Eucalyptus regnans wet forest, southern Tasmania Part A iv Abstract Theories developed within the paradigm of landscape ecology propose that biodiversity within any given patch will be influenced by the surrounding landscape context (LC). Here LC is defined as the vegetation or land covers surrounding the site. This thesis used empirical vascular plant abundance data from the Huon forest district in southern Tasmania to test the hypothesis that LC influences the floristic composition and successional trajectory of patches within Eucalyptus obliqua and E. regnans wet forest. Secondary objectives included measuring the spatial and temporal variation in LC of the study area and its association with timber harvesting; describing differences in the response to LC between species and plant groups; comparing the effect size of plant responses to LC with other environmental predictors; finding the spatial and temporal scale at which plants respond most strongly to LC; and determining whether the effect of LC varied in response to disturbance regime differences. Most studies in landscape ecology have explored the effects of fragmentation on native vegetation in an agricultural matrix. In contrast, forest patches sampled in this study comprised native forest of various ages and successional stages within intact to variegated landscapes (sensu McIntyre and Hobbs 19991) in a frontier region dedicated substantially to timber production. -
Population Collapse and Retreat to Fire Refugia of the Tasmanian Endemic
Received: 13 July 2019 | Accepted: 2 January 2020 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15031 PRIMARY RESEARCH ARTICLE Population collapse and retreat to fire refugia of the Tasmanian endemic conifer Athrotaxis selaginoides following the transition from Aboriginal to European fire management Andrés Holz1 | Sam W. Wood2 | Carly Ward2 | Thomas T. Veblen3 | David M. J. S. Bowman2 1Department of Geography, Portland State University, Portland, OR, USA Abstract 2School of Biological Science, University of Untangling the nuanced relationships between landscape, fire disturbance, human Tasmania, Hobart, Tas., Australia agency, and climate is key to understanding rapid population declines of fire- 3Department of Geography, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA sensitive plant species. Using multiple lines of evidence across temporal and spa- tial scales (vegetation survey, stand structure analysis, dendrochronology, and fire Correspondence Andrés Holz, Department of Geography, history reconstruction), we document landscape-scale population collapse of the Portland State University, Portland, OR long-lived, endemic Tasmanian conifer Athrotaxis selaginoides in remote montane 97201, USA. Email: [email protected] catchments in southern Tasmania. We contextualized the findings of this field-based study with a Tasmanian-wide geospatial analysis of fire-killed and unburned popu- Sam W. Wood, School of Biological Science, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 55, lations of the species. Population declines followed European colonization com- Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia. -
Vale of Belvoir Reserve Supplement Contents Key
BUSH BLITZ SPECIES DISCOVERY PrOGRAM Vale of Belvoir Reserve Supplement Contents Key Appendix A: Species Lists 3 ¤ = Previously recorded on the reserve and Fauna 4 found on this survey Vertebrates 4 * = New record for this reserve Birds 4 ^ = Exotic/Pest Fishes 5 # = EPBC listed Frogs 5 ~ = TSP listed Putative new species Mammals 6 Previously recorded on the reserve but not found on Reptiles 6 this survey Invertebrates 7 Bees 7 EPBC = Environment Protection and Biodiversity Butterflies and Moths 7 Conservation Act 1999 (Commonwealth) Flies 7 TSP = Threatened Species Protection Act 1995 Beetles 7 (Tasmania) True Bugs 8 Grasshoppers 8 Dragonflies 8 Caddisflies 9 Millipedes 9 Spiders 10 Crustaceans 10 Snails and Slugs 11 Flora 12 Flowering Plants 12 Gymnosperms 13 Ferns and Fern Allies 13 Liverworts 14 Mosses 14 Fungi 15 Appendix B: Rare and Threatened Species 17 Appendix C: Exotic and Pest Species 19 2 Bush Blitz survey report — Tasmania 2010 Appendix A: Species Lists Nomenclature and taxonomy used in this appendix are consistent with that from the Australian Faunal Directory (AFD), the Australian Plant Name Index (APNI) and the Australian Plant Census (APC). Current at April 2012 Vale of Belvoir Reserve Supplement 3 Fauna Vertebrates Birds Family Species Common name Acanthizidae Acanthiza ewingii Tasmanian Thornbill Acanthiza pusilla * Brown Thornbill Acanthornis magna Scrubtit Calamanthus fuliginosus * Striated Fieldwren Sericornis frontalis * White-browed Scrubwren Sericornis humilis * Tasmanian Scrubwren Accipitridae Aquila audax * -
The Ecology and Conservation of Bryophytes in Tasmanian Wet Eucalypt Forest
The ecology and conservation of bryophytes in Tasmanian wet eucalypt forest Perpetua A. M. Turner B.Sc. (Hons) Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy School of Geography and Environmental Studies University of Tasmania Hobart July 2003 Declaration This thesis contains no material that has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma in any tertiary institution and, to the best of my knowledge and belief, the thesis contains no material previously published or written by another person, except where due reference is made in the text. Perpetua A.M. Turner (nee Blanks) 11th July 2003 Authority of Access This thesis may be made available forloan. Copying of any part of this thesis is prohibited fortwo years fromthe date this statement was signed; after that time limited copying is permitted in accordance with the Copyright Act 1968. Perpetua A.M. Turner (nee Blanks) 11 th July 2003 11 Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the factors that affect bryophyte richness and species composition in wet eucalypt forest, including old growth and forest disturbed by wildfire or silvicultural practice. Approximately one third of the total bryophyte flora for Tasmania was recorded in old growth mixed forest, with more liverwort than moss species found. Bryophyte species composition was significantly different between groups of sites of forest from the northwest, central and southern areas of the state. Mean annual temperature, altitude, rainfall of the driest month and aspect were most significant in predicting variation in bryophyte species composition. The use of vascular plants as surrogates for the conservation ofbryophyte species was examined. -
Document Title 1
Document title 1 Contents CHAPTER 1. Context.................................................................................................................................. 2 1.1 Purpose ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 3 1.2 Scope .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 3 1.3 Policy and legislative framework .......................................................................................................................................... 3 1.4 Development and custodianship of this document ......................................................................................................... 4 CHAPTER 2. Rainforest Ecology ................................................................................................................ 5 2.1 Definition and classification ................................................................................................................................................... 6 2.1.1 Rainforest types ............................................................................................................................................................... 6 2.1.2 Further classification ...................................................................................................................................................... -
Forest to Fjaeldmark: Rainforest and Related Scrub
Edition 2 From Forest to Fjaeldmark The Vegetation Communities Rainforest and related scrub Eucryphia lucida Edition 2 From Forest to Fjaeldmark (revised – May 2018) 1 Rainforest and related scrub Community (Code) Page Athrotaxis cupressoides-Nothofagus gunnii short rainforest (RPF) 10 Athrotaxis cupressoides open woodland (RPW) 12 Athrotaxis cupressoides rainforest (RPP) 15 Athrotaxis selaginoides-Nothofagus gunnii short rainforest (RKF) 17 Athrotaxis selaginoides rainforest (RKP) 19 Athrotaxis selaginoides subalpine scrub (RKS) 21 Coastal rainforest (RCO) 23 Highland low rainforest and scrub (RSH) 25 Highland rainforest scrub with dead Athrotaxis selaginoides (RKX) 27 Lagarostrobos franklinii rainforest and scrub (RHP) 29 Nothofagus-Atherosperma rainforest (RMT) 31 Nothofagus-Leptospermum short rainforest (RML) 34 Nothofagus-Phyllocladus short rainforest (RMS) 36 Nothofagus gunnii rainforest scrub (RFS) 39 Nothofagus rainforest (undifferentiated) (RMU) 41 Rainforest fernland (RFE) 42 General description Diselma archeri and/or Pherosphaera hookeriana. These are mapped within the unit Highland This group comprises most Tasmanian vegetation coniferous shrubland (HCS), which is included within dominated by Tasmanian rainforest species (sensu the Highland treeless vegetation section. Jarman and Brown 1983) regardless of whether the dominant species are trees, shrubs or ferns. Rainforests and related scrub vegetation generally Tasmanian cool temperate rainforest has been occur in high rainfall areas of Tasmania that exceed defined floristically -
Plant Biodiversity Science, Discovery, and Conservation: Case Studies from Australasia and the Pacific
Plant Biodiversity Science, Discovery, and Conservation: Case Studies from Australasia and the Pacific Craig Costion School of Earth and Environmental Sciences Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Adelaide Adelaide, SA 5005 Thesis by publication submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Ecology and Evolutionary Biology July 2011 ABSTRACT This thesis advances plant biodiversity knowledge in three separate bioregions, Micronesia, the Queensland Wet Tropics, and South Australia. A systematic treatment of the endemic flora of Micronesia is presented for the first time thus advancing alpha taxonomy for the Micronesia-Polynesia biodiversity hotspot region. The recognized species boundaries are used in combination with all known botanical collections as a basis for assessing the degree of threat for the endemic plants of the Palau archipelago located at the western most edge of Micronesia’s Caroline Islands. A preliminary assessment is conducted utilizing the IUCN red list Criteria followed by a new proposed alternative methodology that enables a degree of threat to be established utilizing existing data. Historical records and archaeological evidence are reviewed to establish the minimum extent of deforestation on the islands of Palau since the arrival of humans. This enabled a quantification of population declines of the majority of plants endemic to the archipelago. In the state of South Australia, the importance of establishing concepts of endemism is emphasized even further. A thorough scientific assessment is presented on the state’s proposed biological corridor reserve network. The report highlights the exclusion from the reserve system of one of the state’s most important hotspots of plant endemism that is highly threatened from habitat fragmentation and promotes the use of biodiversity indices to guide conservation priorities in setting up reserve networks. -
Plants of Tasmania Catalogue
PLANTS OF TASMANIA NURSERY AND GARDENS CATALOGUE 2012 - 2013 OPEN 7 DAYS 9am - 5pm (Except Christmas, Boxing Day and Good Friday) Winter weekend hours 9am - 4pm (June, July and August) www.potn.com.au [email protected] PLANTS OF TASMANIA NURSERY AND GARDENS 65 Hall St Ridgeway Tasmania 7054 Phone (03) 6239 1583 [ Fax (03) 6239 1106 ] www.potn.com.au [email protected] Open 7 days 9am - 5pm Winter hours (June, July, August) 9am - 4pm (Closed Christmas Day, Boxing Day and Good Friday) Dear customer, This nursery was opened in September 1990 to propagate and supply Tasmanian native plants to the public. We have a large range and diversity of plants available, from tube size to advanced. We stock plants from diverse Tasmanian habitats, from coastal to rainforest to alpine. We have plants suitable for rockeries, hedges, ferneries, casual and formal gardens, windbreaks and ponds. Many Tasmanian species make ideal container plants, even bonsai. Our aim is to produce high quality, healthy and hardy plants. The landscaped gardens feature many of our plants. INTERSTATE SALES There are no permits required or restrictions on taking plants to the eastern states, but some apply to W.A. & S.A. Plants can be packed and posted to your door. We can send up to 8 square tubes, or 6 round tubes for $25, packaging and freight. (Or 16 square tubes, or 12 round tubes for $50 etc.) This is a next day delivery to major centres. We can quote to send larger pots, but this can be quite expensive. Please nominate substitutes when ordering, or first confirm plant’s availability.