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Home , Anopterus, Anopterus glandulosus, Astelia alpina, Empodisma minus, Eucalyptus vernicosa, Gleichenia alpina

Vegetation Benchmarks Rainforest and related scrub

Eucryphia lucida

Vegetation Condition Benchmarks version 1 Rainforest and Related Scrub

RPW cupressoides open woodland: Sphagnum peatland facies

Community Description:

Athrotaxis cupressoides (5–8 m) forms small woodland patches or appears as copses and scattered small . On the Central Plateau (and other dolerite areas such as Mount Field), broad poorly– drained valleys and small glacial depressions may contain scattered A. cupressoides trees and copses over Sphagnum cristatum bogs. In the treeless gaps, Sphagnum cristatum is usually overgrown by a combination of any of scoparia, R. gunnii, , Epacris gunnii and . This is one of three benchmarks available for assessing the condition of RPW. This is the appropriate benchmark to use in assessing the condition of the Sphagnum facies of the listed open woodland community (Schedule 3A, Nature Conservation Act 2002).

Benchmarks:

Length Component Cover % Height (m) DBH (cm) #/ha (m)/0.1 ha Canopy 10% - - - Large Trees - 6 20 5 Organic Litter 10% - Logs ≥ 10 - 2 Large Logs ≥ 10 Recruitment Continuous

Understorey Life Forms LF code # Spp Cover % Immature IT 1 1 Medium /small shrub S 3 30 Medium sedge/rush/sagg/lily MSR 2 10 Ground GF 1 1 Mosses and Lichens ML 1 70 Total 5 8

Last reviewed – 2 November 2016 Tasmanian Vegetation Monitoring and Mapping Program Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment http://www.dpipwe.tas.gov.au/tasveg

RPW Athrotaxis cupressoides open woodland: Sphagnum facies

Species lists:

Canopy Tree Common Name Notes Athrotaxis cupressoides pencil Present as a sparse canopy

Typical Understorey Species * Common Name LF Code Epacris gunnii coral heath S scoparia S Richea gunnii bog candleheath S alpina pineapple grass MSR Baloskion australe southern cordrush MSR Gleichenia alpina dwarf coralfern GF Sphagnum cristatum sphagnum ML

*This list is provided as a guide only. The species listed are typical of this community type but may not necessarily be present.

Vegetation Condition Benchmarks version 1 Rainforest and Related Scrub

RPW Athrotaxis cupressoides open woodland: coniferous heathland facies

Community Description:

Athrotaxis cupressoides (5–8 m) forms small woodland patches or appears as copses and scattered small trees. In the west A. cupressoides is scattered over a diverse understorey of coniferous heath, with Microcachrys tetragona and sometimes Pherosphaera hookeriana, and sparse gunnii present. This is one of three benchmarks available for assessing the condition of RPW. This is the appropriate benchmark to use in assessing the condition of the coniferous heathland facies of the listed Athrotaxis cupressoides open woodland community (Schedule 3A, Nature Conservation Act 2002).

Benchmarks:

Length Component Cover % Height (m) DBH (cm) #/ha (m)/0.1 ha Canopy 10% - - - Large Trees - 6 20 5 Organic Litter 10% - Logs ≥ 10 - 2 Large Logs ≥ 10 Recruitment Continuous

Understorey Life Forms LF code # Spp Cover % Immature tree IT 1 5 Medium shrub/small shrub S 12 20 Prostrate shrub PS 2 20 Herbs and orchids H 4 5 Grasses G 1 5 Medium sedge/rush/sagg/lily MSR 2 10 Ground fern GF 1 5 Mosses and Lichens ML 1 5 Total 8 24

Last reviewed – 2 November 2016 Tasmanian Vegetation Monitoring and Mapping Program Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment http://www.dpipwe.tas.gov.au/tasveg

RPW Athrotaxis cupressoides open woodland: coniferous heath facies

Species lists:

Canopy Tree Species Common Name Notes Athrotaxis cupressoides pencil pine Present as a sparse canopy

Emergent Tree Species Common Name Notes coccifera tasmanian snow gum Scattered trees only, when present Eucalyptus gunnii cider gum Scattered trees only, when present alpine yellow gum Scattered trees only, when present Eucalyptus subcrenulata alpine yellow gum Scattered trees only, when present

Typical Understorey Species * Common Name LF Code Nothofagus gunnii deciduous beech T Coprosma nitida mountain currant S Diselma archeri dwarf pine S australis var. montana alpine grevillia S Microcachrys tetragona creeping pine S Microstrobos niphophilus mount mawson pine S Nothofagus gunnii deciduous beech S revolutus revolute orites S yellow bush S Planocarpa petiolaris alpine cheeseberry S Richea scoparia scoparia S rigid candleheath S Tasmannia lanceolata mountain pepper S Abrotanella forsteroides tasmanian cushionplant PS Donatia novae-zelandiae snow cushionplan PS Dracophyllum minimum heath cushionplant PS rupestre mountain teatree PS Pentachondra pumila carpet frillyheath PS lawrencei mountain plum pine PS montana mountain rocket H Boronia rhomboidea broadleaf boronia H Euphrasia striata shiny striped eyebright H Poa gunnii gunns snowgrass G minus spreading roperush MRS Eurychorda complanata flat cord-rush MSR Gleichenia alpina alpine coralfern GF

*This list is provided as a guide only. The species listed are typical of this plant community type but may not necessarily be present.

Vegetation Condition Benchmarks version 1 Rainforest and Related Scrub

RPW Athrotaxis cupressoides open woodland: blockfield and riparian facies Community Description:

Athrotaxis cupressoides (5–8 m) forms small open woodland patches or appears as copses or scattered small trees. The canopy does not exceed 20%. This is the major expression of RPW, and most commonly occurs on the eastern half and northern edge of the Central Plateau. A. cupressoides occurs as a sparse canopy of trees or as copses on blockfields and along creek lines and lakeshores often with Podocarpus lawrencei and occasionally Diselma archeri and a diverse shrubby understorey. This is one of three benchmarks available for assessing the condition of RPW, and is the appropriate benchmark to use in assessing the condition of the blockfield and riparian facies of the listed Athrotaxis cupressoides open woodland community (Schedule 3A, Nature Conservation Act 2002).

Benchmarks:

Length Component Cover % Height (m) DBH (cm) #/ha (m)/0.1 ha Canopy 10% - - - Large Trees - 6 20 5 Organic Litter 10% - Logs ≥ 10 - 10 Large Logs ≥ 10 Recruitment Continuous

Understorey Life Forms LF code # Spp Cover % Immature tree IT 1 1 Tree (sub-canopy) or large shrub T 1 5 Medium shrub/small shrub S 10 40 Prostrate shrub PS 1 10 Herbs and orchids H 2 5 Medium sedge/rush/sagg/lily MSR 1 5 Mosses and Lichens ML 1 5 Total 7 17

Last reviewed – 2 November 2016 Tasmanian Vegetation Monitoring and Mapping Program Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment http://www.dpipwe.tas.gov.au/tasveg

RPW Athrotaxis cupressoides open woodland: blockfield and riparian facies

Species lists:

Canopy Tree Species Common Name Notes Athrotaxis cupressoides pencil pine A. cupressoides present as a sparse canopy

Emergent Tree Species Common Name Notes tasmanian snow gum Scattered trees only, when present

Typical Understorey Species * Common Name LF Code Eucalyptus coccifera tasmanian snow gum T Eucalyptus subcrenulata alpine yellow gum T Coprosma nitida mountain currant S southern grevillea S mountain teatree S Olearia pinifolia prickly daisybush S revolute orites S Diselma archeri dwarf pine S Orites acicularis yellow bush S Planocarpa petiolaris alpine cheeseberry S Tasmannia lanceolata mountain pepper S Podocarpus lawrencei mountain plum pine PS Bellendena montana mountain rocket H Richea sprengelioides rigid candleheath H Lepidosperma filiforme common rapiersedge MSR

*This list is provided as a guide only. The species listed are typical of this plant community type but may not necessarily be present.

Vegetation Condition Benchmarks version 1 Rainforest and Related Scrub

RPP Athrotaxis cupressoides rainforest: Sphagnum peatland facies

Community Description:

Athrotaxis cupressoides rainforest (RPP) is open or closed montane forest vegetation dominated by Athrotaxis cupressoides, where Nothofagus gunnii is absent or sparse. The Sphagnum peatland variant generally occurs as an open forest over Sphagnum. The understorey may include such as Richea species and the sedge . This is one of three benchmarks available to assess the condition of RPP. It is the appropriate benchmark to use in assessing the condition of the Sphagnum peatland facies of the listed Athrotaxis cupressoides rainforest community (Schedule 3A, Nature Conservation Act 2002.

Benchmarks:

Length Component Cover % Height (m) DBH (cm) #/ha (m)/0.1 ha Canopy 40% - - - Large Trees - 12 60 200 Organic Litter 40% - Logs ≥ 10 - 20 Large Logs ≥ 30 Recruitment Continuous

Understorey Life Forms LF code # Spp Cover % Immature tree IT 1 5 Tree (sub-canopy) or large shrub T 2 5 Medium shrub/small shrub S 2 5 Herbs and orchids H 2 5 Large sedge/rush/sagg/lily LSR 2 1 Medium sedge/rush/sagg/lily MSR 1 5 Ground fern GF 1 5 Mosses and Lichens ML 1 70 Total 8 12

Last reviewed – 2 November 2016 Tasmanian Vegetation Monitoring and Mapping Program Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment http://www.dpipwe.tas.gov.au/tasveg

RPP Athrotaxis cupressoides rainforest: Sphagnum peatland facies

Species lists:

Canopy Tree Species Common Name Notes Athrotaxis cupressoides pencil pine Eucalyptus coccifera snow gum Sub-dominant aspleniifolius celery top pine Sub-dominant

Typical Understorey Species * Common Name LF Code Richea spp. candleheath S Oxalis magellanica snowdrop woodsorrel H Rubus gunnianus alpine raspberry H pineapple grass MSR Carex spp. cutty grass MSR alpine sawsedge MSR Empodisma minus spreading roperush MSR Lepidosperma filiforme common rapiersedge MSR Gleichenia alpina alpine coral fern GF Sphagnum cristatum sphagnum ML

*This list is provided as a guide only. The species listed are typical of this plant community type but may not necessarily be present.

Vegetation Condition Benchmarks Select version Rainforest and Related Scrub

RPP Athrotaxis cupressoides rainforest: heathy facies

Community Description:

Athrotaxis cupressoides rainforest (RPP) is open or closed montane forest vegetation dominated by Athrotaxis cupressoides where Nothofagus gunnii is sparse or absent. Athrotaxis cupressoides can occur with other rainforest tree species. Eucalyptus coccifera may co-occur in the canopy or at the margins of the community. In the heathy facies, the understorey is usually heathland or shrubland and may include dwarf such as Podocarpus lawrencei, an abundance of Epacridaceae species, with Leptospermum rupestre, Tasmannia lanceolata, Coprosma nitida, , Richea sprengelioides and Orites acicularis and O. revoluta common. This is one of three benchmarks that can be used to assess the condition of RPP. It is the appropriate benchmark to use in assessing the condition of the heathy facies of the listed Athrotaxis cupressoides rainforest community (Schedule 3A, Nature Conservation Act 2002.

Benchmarks:

Length Component Cover % Height (m) DBH (cm) #/ha (m)/0.1 ha Canopy 40% - - - Large Trees - 16 60 200 Organic Litter 30% - Logs ≥ 10 - 20 Large Logs ≥ 30 Recruitment Continuous

Understorey Life Forms LF code # Spp Cover % Immature tree IT 1 5 Tree or large shrub T 2 5 Medium shrub/small shrub S 4 15 Prostrate shrub PS 2 10 Medium to small sedge/rush/sagg/lily MSR 1 5 Ground fern GF 1 5 Mosses and Lichens ML 1 5 Total 7 12

Last reviewed – 2 November 2016 Tasmanian Vegetation Monitoring and Mapping Program Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment http://www.dpipwe.tas.gov.au/tasveg

RPP Athrotaxis cupressoides rainforest: heathy facies

Species lists:

Canopy Tree Species Common Name Notes Athrotaxis cupressoides pencil pine Eucalyptus coccifera snow gum Sub-dominant where present

Typical Understorey Species * Common Name LF Code myrtle beech T Phyllocladus aspleniifolius celery top pine T Baeckea gunniana mountain heath myrtle S Coprosma nitida mountain currant bush S Epacridaceae spp. heaths S Leptospermum rupestre creeping tea-tree S Orites acicularis yellow orites S Orites revolutus revolute orites S Richea spp. richea S Tasmannia lanceolata mountain pepper S Microcachrys tetragona creeping pine PS Podocarpus lawrencei mountain yew PS Empodisma minus spreading roperush MSR Lepidosperma filiforme common rapiersedge MSR Gleichenia alpina alpine coral fern GF

*This list is provided as a guide only. The species listed are typical of this plant community type but may not necessarily be present.

Vegetation Condition Benchmarks version 1 Rainforest and Related Scrub

RPP Athrotaxis cupressoides rainforest: grassy facies

Community Description:

Athrotaxis cupressoides rainforest (RPP) forest is open or closed montane forest vegetation dominated by Athrotaxis cupressoides. In the grassy facies the understorey commonly contains Poa gunnii and a range of other grass species. Other understorey species may include Astelia alpina, Carpha alpina, Gleichenia alpina, Lepidosperma filiforme, Oreobolus distichus, Richea scoparia and Olearia pinifolius. This is one of three benchmarks that can be used to assess the condition of RPP. It is the appropriate benchmark to use in assessing the condition of the grassy component of the listed Athrotaxis cupressoides rainforest community (Schedule 3A, Nature Conservation Act 2002).

Benchmarks:

Length Component Cover % Height (m) DBH (cm) #/ha (m)/0.1 ha Canopy 60% - - - Large Trees - 14 60 300 Organic Litter 45% - Logs ≥ 10 - 20 Large Logs ≥ 30 Recruitment Continuous

Understorey Life Forms LF code # Spp Cover % Immature tree IT 1 5 Tree or large shrub T 2 5 Shrub S 2 5 Herbs and orchids H 2 5 Grass G 4 20 Tiny grass/tiny sedge/tiny lily TGS 1 2 Medium sedge/rush/sagg/lily MSR 2 10 Ground fern GF 1 5 Mosses and Lichens ML 1 5 Total 9 16

Last reviewed – 2 November 2016 Tasmanian Vegetation Monitoring and Mapping Program Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment http://www.dpipwe.tas.gov.au/tasveg

RPP Athrotaxis cupressoides rainforest: grassy facies

Species lists:

Canopy Tree Species Common Name Notes Athrotaxis cupressoides pencil pine Cradle Mountain area; some king billy pine closed canopy forests Cradle Mountain area; some Nothofagus cunninghamii myrtle beech closed canopy forests

Typical Understorey Species * Common Name LF Code Nothofagus cunninghamii myrtle beech T Phyllocladus aspleniifolius celery top pine T Olearia pinifolia prickly daisybush S Richea species richea S Poa gunnii gunns snowgrass G Rytidosperma spp. wallabygrass G Oreobolus distichus fan tuft rush TGS Astelia alpina pineapple grass MSR Carpha alpina alpine sawsedge MSR Empodisma minus spreading roperush MSR Lepidosperma filiforme common rapiersedge MSR Gleichenia alpina alpine coral fern GF

*This list is provided as a guide only. The species listed are typical of this plant community type but may not necessarily be present.

Vegetation Condition Benchmarks version 1 Rainforest and Related Scrub

RPF Athrotaxis cupressoides-Nothofagus gunnii short rainforest

Community Description:

Athrotaxis cupressoides–Nothofagus gunnii short rainforest (RPF) applies to dense closed montane short forest in which Athrotaxis cupressoides emerges above a tangle of Nothofagus gunnii. This is found on the sheltered sides of moraine ridges, on hills and along cliff lines. RPF may be dominated by these two species or be more diverse, where Diselma archeri and various species of Richea and other shrubs are present. This benchmark is the appropriate benchmark to use in assessing the condition of the listed Athrotaxis cupressoides - Nothofagus gunnii short rainforest community (Schedule 3A, Nature Conservation Act 2002).

Benchmarks:

Length Component Cover % Height (m) DBH (cm) #/ha (m)/0.1 ha Canopy 70% - - - Large Trees - 6 10 20 Organic Litter 30% - Logs ≥ 10 - 8 Large Logs ≥ 10 Recruitment Continuous

Understorey Life Forms LF code # Spp Cover % Immature canopy tree IT 1 5 Tree or large shrub T 2 10 Medium shrub/small shrub S 5 30 Prostrate shrub PS 2 5 Herbs and orchids H 2 5 Medium to small sedge/rush/sagg/lily MSR 1 5 Ground fern GF 2 5 Mosses and Lichens ML 1 30 Total 8 16

Last reviewed – 2 November 2016 Tasmanian Vegetation Monitoring and Mapping Program Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment http://www.dpipwe.tas.gov.au/tasveg

RPF Athrotaxis cupressoides-Nothofagus gunnii short rainforest

Species lists:

Canopy Tree Species Common Name Notes Athrotaxis cupressoides pencil pine Nothofagus gunnii deciduous beech

Typical Understorey Species * Common Name LF Code Athrotaxis selaginoides king billy pine IT Nothofagus cunninghamii myrtle beech IT Phyllocladus aspleniifolius celerytop pine T Richea pandanifolia pandani T Tasmannia lanceolata mountain pepper T Bauera rubioides bauera S juniperina mountain pink berry S Orites revolutus revolute orites S Orites acicularis yellow bush S Pherosphaera hookeriana mount mawson pine S Richea scoparia scoparia S Richea sprengelioides rigid candle heath S Diselma archeri dwarf pine PS Microcachrys tetragona creeping pine PS Astelia alpina pineapple grass H Empodisma minus spreading roperush MSR Eurychorda complanata flat cordrush MSR Gleichenia alpina alpine coralfern GF Sphagnum cristatum sphagnum ML

*This list is provided as a guide only. The species listed are typical of this plant community type but may not necessarily be present.

Vegetation Condition Benchmarks version 1 Rainforest and Related Scrub

RMT Nothofagus - rainforest

Community Description:

Add Nothofagus – Atherosperma rainforest is tall (25+ m) rainforest in which the canopy is dominated by Nothofagus cunninghamii, and sometimes Atherosperma moschatum on relatively fertile soils. lucida may co-dominate. Structure varies from callidendrous to thamnic, where in the latter, there is species and/ or glandulosus and other broadleaf shrubs in the understorey. This benchmark is most suitable for assessing the lowland callidendrous component of RMT.

Benchmarks:

Length Component Cover % Height (m) DBH (cm) #/ha (m)/0.1 ha Canopy 75% - - - Large Trees - 30 60 100 Organic Litter 75% - Logs ≥ 10 - 100 Large Logs ≥ 30 Recruitment Continuous

Understorey Life Forms LF code # Spp Cover % Immature tree IT 1 20 Tree or large shrub T 3 5 Medium shrub/small shrub S 2 5 Herbs and orchids H 2 1 Large sedge/rush/sagg/lily LSR 1 1 Medium to small sedge/rush/sagg/lily MSR 1 1 Ground fern GF 2 10 Tree fern TF 1 10 Scrambler/Climber/Epiphytes SCE 5 1 Mosses and Lichens ML 1 20 Total 10 19

Last reviewed – 4 August 2016 Tasmanian Vegetation Monitoring and Mapping Program Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment http://www.dpipwe.tas.gov.au/tasveg

RMT Nothofagus - Atherosperma rainforest

Species lists:

Canopy Tree Species Common Name Notes Nothofagus cunninghamii myrtle beech Atherosperma moschatum sassafras Eucryphia lucida leatherwood

Typical Understorey Species * Common Name LF Code Anodopetalum biglandulosum horizontal T Tasmanian laurel T Archeria spp. rainforest heath T Leptospermum lanigerum woolly teatree T Olearia argophylla musk daisybush T Pittosporum bicolor cheesewood T Tasmannia lanceolata mountain pepper T Aristotelia peduncularis heartberry S Coprosma spp. currant S Pimelea drupacea cherry riceflower S Trochocarpa spp. purpleberry S Australina pusilla shade nettle H Hydrocotyle spp. pennywort H Libertia pulchella pretty grassflag H Oxalis magellanica snowdrop woodsorrel H Gahnia grandis cutting grass LSR Carex spp. sedge MSR Uncinia tenella delicate hooksedge MSR Blechnum wattsii hard waterfern GF Histiopteris incisa batswing fern GF Lycopodium fastigiatum mountain clubmoss GF Microsorum pustulatum kangaroo fern GF Polystichum proliferum mother shieldfern GF Ctenopteris heterophylla gypsy fern GF Grammitis spp. fingerfern GF Hymenophyllum spp. filmyfern GF Rumohra adiantiformis leathery shieldfern GF Asplenium spp. spleenwort GF Dicksonia antarctica soft treefern TF Clematis aristata mountain clematis SCE

*This list is provided as a guide only. The species listed are typical of this plant community type but may not necessarily be present.

Vegetation Condition Benchmarks version 2 Rainforest and Related Scrub

RML Nothofagus – Leptospermum short rainforest

Community Description:

Nothofagus – Leptospermum short rainforest is rainforest in which 15 – 50% of the canopy is mature Leptospermum species. The rainforest is generally thamnic and moderately floristically diverse, with Phyllocladus aspleniifolius, Eucryphia species, Atherosperma moschatum and Anodopetalum biglandulosum and sometimes Acacia melanoxylon co-dominant with Nothofagus cunninghamii.

Benchmarks:

Length Component Cover % Height (m) DBH (cm) #/ha (m)/0.1 ha Canopy 100% - - - Large Trees - 10 15 #250 Organic Litter 80% - Logs ≥ 10 - 10 Large Logs ≥ 10 Recruitment Continuous

Understorey Life Forms LF code # Spp Cover % Tree or large shrub T 3 10 Large sedge/rush/sagg/lily LSR 1 5 Ground fern GF 1 25 Mosses and Lichens ML 1 3 Total 4 6

Last reviewed – 4 August 2016 Tasmanian Vegetation Monitoring and Mapping Program Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment http://www.dpipwe.tas.gov.au/tasveg

RML Nothofagus – Leptospermum short rainforest

Species lists:

Canopy Tree Species Common Name Notes Nothofagus cunninghamii myrtle beech Leptospermum glaucescens smoky teatree Leptospermum lanigerum woolly teatree Leptospermum nitidum shiny teatree common teatree Acacia melanoxylon blackwood Anodopetalum biglandulosum horizontal Atherosperma moschatum sassafras Eucryphia spp. leatherwood Phyllocladus aspleniifolius celerytop pine

Typical Understorey Species * Common Name LF Code Anodopetalum biglandulosum horizontal T Anopterus glandulosus Tasmanian laurel T Archeria spp. rainforest-heath T nitida native plum T variable orites T Richea pandanifolia pandani T Tasmannia lanceolata mountain pepper T tasmanian T Trochocarpa gunnii fragrant purpleberry T Gahnia grandis cutting grass LSR Lycopodiella spp. clubmoss GF

*This list is provided as a guide only. The species listed are typical of this plant community type but may not necessarily be present.

Vegetation Condition Benchmarks version 1 Rainforest and Related scrub

RKS Athrotaxis selaginoides subalpine scrub

Community Description:

On western and southern mountains this community represents unburnt, floristically diverse uneven-textured subalpine scrub. Athrotaxis selaginoides as well as small Nothofagus cunninghamii, Eucryphia milliganii and any of Richea pandanifolia, R. scoparia, R. milliganii, Cenarrhenes nitida, odorata and Eucalyptus vernicosa are typical and many other shrub species may occur. Herbs and prostrate shrubs may be common. This is the appropriate benchmark to use in assessing the condition of the listed Athrotaxis selaginoides subalpine scrub community (Schedule 3A, Nature Conservation Act 2002).

Benchmarks:

Component Cover % LF Code Dominant Life Form 60% T Organic Litter 20%

Expected Life Forms LF code # Spp Cover % Tree or large shrub T 10 60 Medium shrub/small shrub S 10 20 Prostrate Shrubs PS 2 15 Herbs and orchids H 10 10 Medium to small sedge/rush/sagg/lily MSR 4 5 Mosses and Lichens ML 1 5 Total 6 37

Last reviewed - 2 November 2016 Tasmanian Vegetation Monitoring and Mapping Program Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment http://www.dpipwe.tas.gov.au/tasveg

RKS Athrotaxis selaginoides subalpine scrub

Species lists:

Dominant Species Common Name LF Code Athrotaxis selaginoides king billy pine T Nothofagus cunninghamii myrtle beech T

Other Typical Species * Common Name LF Code Agastachys odorata fragrant candlebush T Anodopetalum biglandulosum horizontal T Cenarrhenes nitida native plum T Dracophyllum milliganii curly mountainheath T Eucalyptus vernicosa varnished gum T Leptospermum lanigerum wooley teatree T gunnii gunn’s geebung T Richea milliganii nodding candleheath T Richea pandanifolia pandani T Tasmannia lanceolata mountain pepper T Anopterus glandulosus tasmanian laurel S Bauera rubioides wiry bauera S Coprosma nitida mountain currant S Cyathodes straminea spreading cheeseberry S Diselma archeri dwarf pine S Epacris serpyllifolia alpine heath S Eucryphia milliganii dwarf leatherwood S Exocarpos humifusus mountain native-cherry S Leptecophylla juniperina pinkberry S Leucopogon milliganii clustered beardheath S Monotoca submutica round- monotoca S toothed orities S Ozothamnus rodwayi alpine everlastingbush S Podocarpus lawrencei mountain plumpine S Richea spp. - S Sprengelia montana alpine swampheath S Tetracarpaea tasmannica delicate laurel S straggling purpleberry S Pentachondra pumila carpet frillyheath PS Anemone crassifolia mountain anemone H Euphrasia gibbsiae alpine eyebright H Helichrysum pumilum dwarf everlasting H tasmanica tasmanian purplestar H Astelia alpina pineapple grass MSR Carpha alpina alpine strawsedge MSR Empodisma minus spreading roperush MSR Oreobolus species cushionsedge MSR Gleichenia abscida dwarf coralfern GF Prionotes cerinthoides climbing heath SCE

*This list is provided as a guide only. The species listed are typical of this plant community type but may not necessarily be present.

Vegetation Condition Benchmarks version 1 Rainforest and Related Scrub

RKP Athrotaxis selaginoides rainforest

Community Description:

This community can form pure stands of Athrotaxis selaginoides, but commonly the is co- dominant with Nothofagus cunninghamii as in medium forests. The short forests may be floristically simple, however at low altitudes (from about 250 m to 500 m) near the West Coast Range can be highly diverse. This benchmark is the appropriate benchmark to use in assessing the condition of the listed Athrotaxis selaginoides rainforest community (Schedule 3A, Nature Conservation Act 2002).

Benchmarks:

Length Component Cover % Height (m) DBH (cm) #/ha (m)/0.1 ha Canopy 60% - - - Large Trees - 20 60 20 Organic Litter 60% - Logs ≥ 10 - 6 Large Logs ≥ 30 Recruitment Continuous

Understorey Life Forms LF code # Spp Cover % Immature tree IT 3 5 Tree or large shrub T 6 20 Medium shrub/small shrub S 6 20 Large sedges/rush/sagg/lilly LSR 2 5 Ground fern GF 4 10 Mosses and Lichens ML 1 60 Total 6 22

Last reviewed – 2 November 2016 Tasmanian Vegetation Monitoring and Mapping Program Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment http://www.dpipwe.tas.gov.au/tasveg

RKP Athrotaxis selaginoides rainforest

Species lists:

Canopy Tree Species Common Name Notes Athrotaxis selaginoides king billy pine Nothofagus cunninghamii myrtle beech

Typical Understorey Species * Common Name LF Code Athrotaxis selaginoides king billy pine IT Nothofagus cunninghamii myrtle beech IT Anodopetalum biglandulosum horizontal T Anopterus glandulosus tasmanian laurel T Atherosperma moschatum sassafras T Athrotaxis cupressoides pencil pine T Eucryphia lucida leatherwood T Phyllocladus aspleniifolius celerytop pine T Pittosporum bicolor hybrid pittosporum T Richea pandanifolia pandani T Tasmannia lanceolata mountain pepper T Telopea truncata tasmanian waratah T Agastachys odorata fragrant candlebush S Archeria spp. - S Aristotelia pedunculata heartberry S Cenarrhenes nitida native plum S Coprosma nitida mountain currant S Coprosma nitida shining coprosma S Eucryphia milliganii dwarf leatherwood S Gaultheria hispida copperleaf snowberry S Leptecophylla juniperina mountain pinkberry S Microcachrys tetragona creeping pine S Olearia phlogopappa dusty daisybush S Tasmannia lanceolata mountainpepper S Tetracarpaea tasmannica delicate laurel S Trochocarpa spp.’s ~tropocarpa S Blandfordia punicea christmas bells LSR Blechnum wattsii hard waterfern GF Histiopteris incisa batswing fern GF Lycopodium fastigiatum mountain clubmoss GF Microsorum pustulatum kangaroo fern GF Polystichum proliferum mother shieldfern GF

*This list is provided as a guide only. The species listed are typical of this plant community type but may not necessarily be present.

Vegetation Condition Benchmarks version 1 Rainforest and Related Scrub

RKF Athrotaxis selaginoides – Nothofagus gunnii short rainforest Community Description:

Athrotaxis selaginoides–Nothofagus gunnii short rainforest (RKF) is scrub or short forest in which Athrotaxis selaginoides is emergent over Nothofagus gunnii in areas with very low fire frequency. In the Cradle Mountain-Lake Saint Clair National Park there may be few other species, but on the west coast range RKF is generally slightly more diverse, with N. cunninghamii, Diselma archeri and Richea pandanifolia often present. RKF may be dense and continuous, or form mosaics with alpine heathlands and sedgeland. This benchmark is the appropriate benchmark to use in assessing the condition of the listed Athrotaxis selaginoides - Nothofagus gunnii short rainforest community (Schedule 3A, Nature Conservation Act 2002).

Benchmarks:

Length Component Cover % Height (m) DBH (cm) #/ha (m)/0.1 ha Canopy 85% - - - Large Trees - 6 10 40 Organic Litter 60% - Logs ≥ 10 - 4 Large Logs ≥ 10 Recruitment Continuous

Understorey Life Forms LF code # Spp Cover % Immature tree IT 3 5 Tree or large shrub T 2 85 Medium shrub/small shrub S 2 5 Herbs and orchids H 1 1 Medium to small sedge/rush/sagg/lily MSR 1 1 Ground fern GF 2 10 Tree fern TF 1 10 Scrambler/Climber/Epiphytes SCE 5 1 Mosses and Lichens ML 1 20 Total 9 18

Last reviewed – 2 November 2016 Tasmanian Vegetation Monitoring and Mapping Program Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment http://www.dpipwe.tas.gov.au/tasveg

RKF Athrotaxis selaginoides – Nothofagus gunnii short rainforest

Species lists:

Canopy Tree Species Common Name Notes Athrotaxis selaginoides king billy pine Nothofagus gunnii deciduous beech

Typical Understorey Species * Common Name LF Code Athrotaxis cupressoides pencil pine T Nothofagus cunninghamii myrtle beech T Richea pandanifolia pandani T Leptospermum nitidum shiny teatree T Agastachys odorata white waratah S Archeria comberi pink summit-heath S Archeria spp. - S Bauera rubioides wiry bauera S Boronia citriodora lemon boronia S Diselma archeri dwarf pine S Epacris serpyllifolia alpine heath S Orites milliganii toothed orites S Richea scoparia scoparia S Telopea truncata tasmanian waratah S Trochocarpa cunninghamii straggling purpleberry S Euphrasia spp. - H Blandfordia punicea christmas bells MSR Blechnum wattsii hard waterfern GF Histiopteris incisa batswing fern GF Lycopodium fastigiatum mountain clubmoss GF Microsorum pustulatum kangaroo fern GF Polystichum proliferum mother shieldfern GF Ctenopteris heterophylla gypsy fern GF Grammitis spp. fingerfern GF Hymenophyllum spp. filmyfern GF Rumohra adiantiformis leathery shieldfern GF Asplenium spp. spleenwort GF Dicksonia antarctica soft treefern TF Clematis aristata mountain clematis SCE

*This list is provided as a guide only. The species listed are typical of this plant community type but may not necessarily be present.

Vegetation Condition Benchmarks version 1 Rainforest and Related Scrub

RHP Lagarostrobos franklinii rainforest and scrub: forest facies

Community Description:

Lagarostrobos franklinii rainforest and scrub is dominated by or has a significant component of Lagarostrobos franklinii usually combined with rainforest species and sometimes Acacia melanoxylon in the canopy over an understorey of other rainforest species. Sometimes L. franklinii forms pure stands with sparse, shrubby or implicate understoreys, usually on deep alluvium. Rocky streamside short forest and scrub may have a combination of small trees of L. franklinii, Leptospermum species, species, rainforest and riverine species and be quite diverse. Trees can reach heights of up to 30 m. This benchmark describes the forest facies of RHP.

Benchmarks:

Length Component Cover % Height (m) DBH (cm) #/ha (m)/0.1 ha Canopy 70% - - - Large Trees - 15 30 100 Organic Litter 15% - Logs ≥ 10 - 50 Large Logs ≥ 15 Recruitment Continuous

Understorey Life Forms LF code # Spp Cover % Immature tree IT 1 40 Tree or large shrub T 5 20 Medium shrub/small shrub S 5 10 Herbs and orchids H 1 1 Large sedge/rush/sagg/lily LSR 2 10 Medium to small sedge/rush/sagg/lily MSR 1 1 Ground fern GF 2 20 Scrambler/Climber/Epiphytes SCE 4 2 Mosses and Lichens ML 1 5 Total 9 22

Last reviewed – 4 August 2016 Tasmanian Vegetation Monitoring and Mapping Program Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment http://www.dpipwe.tas.gov.au/tasveg

RHP Lagarostrobos franklinii rainforest and scrub: forest facies

Species lists:

Canopy Tree Species Common Name Notes Lagarostrobos franklinii huon pine Acacia melanoxylon blackwood Atherosperma moschatum sassafras Eucryphia lucida leatherwood Nothofagus cunninghamii myrtle beech Phyllocladus aspleniifolius celerytop pine

Typical Understorey Species * Common Name LF Code caterpillar wattle T Acacia verticillata prickly moses T Acradenia frankliniae whitey wood T Agastachys odorata fragrant candlebush T Anodopetalum biglandulosum horizontal T Anopterus glandulosus tasmanian laurel T Archeria hirtella smooth rainforest-heath T Cenarrhenes nitida native plum T Leptospermum spp. teatree T Orites diversifolia variable orites T Phyllocladus aspleniifolius celerytop pine T Pittosporum bicolor cheesewood T Richea pandanifolia pandani T Tasmannia lanceolata mountain pepper T Trochocarpa gunnii fragrant purpleberry T Archeria hirtella smooth rainforest-heath S Bauera rubioides wiry bauera S Coprosma spp. currant S Leptecophylla juniperina pinkberry S Olearia persoonioides geebung daisybush S Trochocarpa cunninghamii straggling purpleberry S Hydrocotyle spp. pennywort H Libertia pulchella pretty grassflag H Baloskion tetraphyllum tassel cordrush LSR Gahnia grandis cutting grass LSR Lepidosperma spp. swordsedge LSR Blechnum wattsii hard waterfern GF scrambling coralfern GF Grammitis billardierei common fingerfern GF Hymenophyllum spp. filmyfern GF Microsorum pustulatum kangaroo fern GF Prionotes cerinthoides climbing heath SCE

*This list is provided as a guide only. The species listed are typical of this plant community type but may not necessarily be present.

Vegetation Condition Benchmarks version 1 Rainforest and Related scrub

RFS Nothofagus gunnii rainforest scrub: western and southern facies

Community Description:

Nothofagus gunnii rainforest scrub may be dense and continuous or form mosaics with alpine heathlands and sedgeland. In the west, this community generally has an uneven canopy and is floristically diverse. Subalpine N .gunnii / Diselma archeri scrubs occur on parts of the Mount Read Plateau, while a subalpine facies north-east of Mt. Bobs lacks D. archeri but has “stumps” of Dracophyllum milliganii. This benchmark is one of 2 benchmarks available to assess the condition of RFS.

Benchmarks:

Component Cover % LF Code Dominant Life Form 80% S Organic Litter 70%

Expected Life Forms LF code # Spp Cover % Tree or large shrub T 2 10 Medium shrub/small shrub S 6 80 Herbs and orchids H 3 5 Medium to small sedge/rush/sagg/lily MSR 4 10 Ground fern GF 1 5 Mosses and Lichens ML 1 5 Total 6 17

Last reviewed - 4 August 2016 Tasmanian Vegetation Monitoring and Mapping Program Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment http://www.dpipwe.tas.gov.au/tasveg

RFS Nothofagus gunnii rainforest scrub: western and southern facies

Species lists:

Dominant Species Common Name LF Code Nothofagus gunnii deciduous beech S Diselma archeri dwarf pine S

Other Typical Species * Common Name LF Code Athrotaxis selaginoides king billy pine T Cenarrhenes nitida native plum T Bauera rubioides wiry bauera S Diselma archeri dwarf pine S Dracophyllum milliganii curly mountainheath S Epacris serpyllifolia alpine heath S Melaleuca squamea swamp honeymyrtle S Orites milliganii toothed orites S mountain geebung S pink swampheath S Telopea truncata tasmanian waratah S Trochocarpa gunnii fragrant purpleberry S Actinotus bellidioides tiny flannelflower H Anemone crassifolia mountain anemone H Astelia alpina var. alpina pineapple grass H Celmisia spp. snowdaisy H Chionogentias spp. snowgentian H Dichondra repens kidneyweed H Schizacme montana mountain mitrewort H Senecio pectinatus alpine groundsel H Stylidium spp. triggerplant H Empodisma minus spreading roperush MSR Lepidosperma spp. swordsedge MSR Oreobolus spp. cushionsedge MSR Xyris spp. yelloweye MSR Gleichenia alpina alpine coralfern GF

*This list is provided as a guide only. The species listed are typical of this plant community type but may not necessarily be present.

Vegetation Condition Benchmarks version 2 Rainforest and Related scrub

RFS Nothofagus gunnii rainforest scrub: northern and central facies

Community Description:

Nothofagus gunnii rainforest scrub may be dense and continuous or form mosaics with alpine heathlands and sedgeland. In the central highlands and Cradle Mountain - Lake St. Clair National Park there may be few other species apart from sparsely scattered emergent Athrotaxis cupressoides and/or A. selaginoides. This benchmark is one of 2 benchmarks available to assess the condition of RFS.

Benchmarks:

Component Cover % LF Code Dominant Life Form 100% T Organic Litter 95%

Expected Life Forms LF code # Spp Cover % Tree or large shrub T 1 100 Medium shrub/small shrub S 2 5 Mosses and Lichens ML 1 5 Total 3 4

Last reviewed - 4 August 2016 Tasmanian Vegetation Monitoring and Mapping Program Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment http://www.dpipwe.tas.gov.au/tasveg

RFS Nothofagus gunnii rainforest scrub: northern and central facies

Species lists:

Dominant Species Common Name LF Code Nothofagus gunnii deciduous beech T

Emergent Tree Species Common Name Notes Athrotaxis cupressoides pencil pine Scattered trees only, when present Athrotaxis selaginoides king billy pine Scattered trees only, when present Richea pandanifolia pandani Scattered trees only, when present

Other Typical Species * Common Name LF Code Diselma archeri dwarf pine S Olearia persoonioides geebung daisybush S Olearia pinifolia prickly daisybush S Richea scoparia scoparia S Tetracarpaea tasmanica delicate laurel S

*This list is provided as a guide only. The species listed are typical of this plant community type but may not necessarily be present.

Vegetation Condition Benchmarks version 1 Rainforest and Related scrub

RFE Rainforest fernland

Community Description:

This community consists of dense Dicksonia antarctica cover occupying broad gullies, where trees are locally absent, amidst rainforest. While the mapping unit has also been used for disturbance windows or zones marginal to rainforest where Histiopteris incisa may dominate, this vegetation is better assessed using an appropriate rainforest benchmark. This is the appropriate benchmark to use in assessing the condition of the listed Rainforest fernland community (Schedule 3A, Nature Conservation Act 2002).

Benchmarks:

Component Cover % LF Code Canopy 80% TF Organic Litter 20%

Expected Life Forms LF code # Spp Cover % Tree fern TF 1 80 Mosses and Lichens ML 1 5 Total 2 2

Last reviewed - 2 November 2016 Tasmanian Vegetation Monitoring and Mapping Program Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment http://www.dpipwe.tas.gov.au/tasveg

RFE Rainforest fernland

Species lists:

Dominant Species Common Name LF Code Dicksonia antarctica soft treefern TF

Other Typical Species * Common Name LF Code None identified

*This list is provided as a guide only. The species listed are typical of this plant community type but may not necessarily be present.

Vegetation Condition Benchmarks version 2 Rainforest and Related Scrub

RCO Coastal rainforest

Community Description:

Coastal rainforest is dominated by Atherosperma moschatum or Eucryphia lucida or both but Nothofagus cunninghamii are few or absent. Olearia argophylla is prominent in some areas. There may be an intermediate layer with any of Anodopetalum biglandulosum, Phyllocladus aspleniifolius, Anopterus glandulosus, Cenarrhenes nitida and Dicksonia antarctica, with , particularly Blechnum wattsii. There may be emergent Eucalyptus species. The rainforest may only occupy small patches, surrounded by Eucalyptus and wet scrub communities.

Benchmarks:

Length Component Cover % Height (m) DBH (cm) #/ha (m)/0.1 ha Canopy 40% - - - Large Trees - 15 #25 70 Organic Litter 75% - Logs ≥ 10 - 40 Large Logs ≥ 12.5 Recruitment Continuous

Understorey Life Forms LF code # Spp Cover % Immature tree IT 1 5 Tree or large shrub T 3 50 Medium shrub/small shrub S 2 5 Ground fern GF 1 70 Tree fern TF 1 3 Mosses and Lichens ML 1 25 Total 6 9

Last reviewed – 4 August 2016 Tasmanian Vegetation Monitoring and Mapping Program Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment http://www.dpipwe.tas.gov.au/tasveg

RCO Coastal rainforest

Species lists:

Canopy Tree Species Common Name Notes Atherosperma moschatum sassafras Eucryphia lucida leatherwood

Typical Understorey Species * Common Name LF Code Anodopetalum biglandulosum horizontal T Anopterus glandulosus tasmanian laurel T Cenarrhenes nitida native plum T Monotoca glauca goldey wood T Olearia argophylla musk daisybush T Phyllocladus aspleniifolius celerytop pine T Pittosporum bicolor cheesewood T Pomaderris apetala dogwood T Richea pandanifolia pandani T Archeria spp. rainforest-heath S Pimelea drupacea cherry riceflower S Lepidosperma gladiatum coast swordsedge LSR Lepidosperma laterale variable swordsedge LSR Asplenium bulbiferum mother spleenwort GF Blechnum nudum fishbone waterfern GF Blechnum wattsii hard waterfern GF Dicksonia antarctica soft treefern TF Prionotes cerinthoides climbing heath SCE

*This list is provided as a guide only. The species listed are typical of this plant community type but may not necessarily be present.