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Government of Uganda Ministry of Water and Environment Government of Uganda Ministry of Water and Environment Water and Sanitation Sector Performance Report 2007 September 2007 UGANDA WATER AND SANITATION SECTOR - PERFORMANCE REPORT 2007 2 UGANDA WATER AND SANITATION SECTOR - PERFORMANCE REPORT 2007 Foreword The Water & Sanitation Sector Performance Report is an annual flagship publication of the Ministry of Water and Environment, the Government entity with overall responsibility for the provision of safe water and sanitation services to the people of Uganda and coordinates the activities of all agencies and entities working in the sector. This report provides a comprehensive overview of the sector’s performance for the 2006/07 Financial Year for all the sub-sectors (Rural Water and Sanitation, Urban Water Supply and Sanitation, Water for Production and Water Resources Management). It gives the latest coverage estimates for water supply and highlights policy and operational issues that need priority attention to improve physical and fiscal performance. The report has been prepared internally by ministry staff through a highly participative process that is indicative of further institutionalization of the whole process of sector performance monitoring. The agreed sector performance framework with 10 key golden indicators has been used in the data analysis for the report. A long list of annexes is included in the report to support the analysis made and also as testimony to the further enhanced transparency in the sector. Some of the major challenges faced by the sector which are highlighted in this report include the need to expedite implementation of the recently approved new structure for my ministry to ensure availability of adequate capacity for implementation of planned activities. There is also need to review the criteria for allocation of available funding between the different sub- sectors for achievement of national sector priorities which are vital for poverty eradication. Thirdly, we also need to improve the regulation of the use of our water resources (including waste discharge) in order to safeguard the environment. As we are all aware, environmental sustainability is the most important way to address/mitigate the effects of climatic change, like the severe flooding which has now occurred in many areas of the country. On behalf of the Government of Uganda, I pledge our resolve to work with the various District Local Governments and Town Councils to meet the International and National goals for water and sanitation and the needs of our people. I want to take this opportunity to thank all sector Development Partners for their support which has been instrumental for many of the achievements in the sector, the Ministry staff, NGOs and all other sector stakeholders that contributed to the development of this report in one way or another. I am confident that this report will go a long way in informing the people of Uganda and the International community about the current situation of Uganda’s water and sanitation sector. Hon. Maria Mutagamba Minister for Water and Environment 3 UGANDA WATER AND SANITATION SECTOR - PERFORMANCE REPORT 2007 Executive Summary Introduction: This is the fifth Water and Sanitation Sector Performance Report (SPR) for Ugandan Water and sanitation Sector. The 2007 SPR provides a comprehensive overview of the sector for the financial year 2006/7 and analyses sector performance, draws together data and analysis with respect to urban and rural water supply and sanitation, water for production and water resources management. The report also gives several examples of best practices thus providing the reader with insights into some of the exiting innovations that are being undertaken by communities, local Governments and NGOs in the Ugandan water and sanitation sector. The 2007 SPR has been produced by the Ministry of Water and Environment with major inputs from the Environmental Health Division of Ministry of Health, Ministry of Gender, Labour and Social Development, the Ministry of Education and Sports, WASH Cluster NGOs (mainly working on emergencies in Northern Uganda), and the Uganda Water and Sanitation NGO Network (UWASNET). Sector Finance: The Water and Sanitation sector had a total budget allocation of UGX 143bn for the FY2006/07 of which UGX 125bn was released by MFPED and UGX 121bn was spent. The budget allocations between sub sectors (excluding donor funds of UGX 47bn to NWSC) was 54% for Rural Water, 29% for urban, 7% for Water for Production, 7% for Water Resources Management and 3% for institutional support. NGO/CBOs members reported investments of UGX 9bn between Jan and Dec 2006 and WASH Cluster NGO/CBO Members who provide emergency water supply and sanitation in the north reported an investment of UGX 24 bn between Jan 2006 and Aug 2007. Rural Water and Sanitation Sub sector: The total expenditure in FY 2006/7 in sub- sector was UGX 42.1 billion (DWSCG + Support to rural water + School/community sanitation/IDP + energy for rural transformation). The population served through the DWSCG was 643,826, resulting in an overall cost per new person served of UGX 65,390 (US$ 38). This is within the target figure of US$40. It is recommended that the allocation formula for district conditional grants be reviewed to take into consideration the needs of the least served districts/ water stressed areas, with high per capita investment costs, that continue to lag behind other districts over the years. Urban Water and Sanitation Sub-Sector: Small towns: 9 small towns piped water supplies and RGCs were completed in FY 2006/7 serving a design population of 71,135 at a cost of UGX 7.1bn. The average per capita investment was UGX 98,5389($58) which was within the target per capita investment of $75. Large towns: Out of a total requirement of UGX 9 billion from the GoU, funds allocated amounted to only UGX 2.4 billion, a quarter of the total requirement. This impaired the implementation of projects and resulted in a number of unpaid certificates for contractors. Despite Government funding shortfalls, Gaba III and Entebbe Water Supply Projects were completed during FY 2006/07. The production capacity in Kampala increased by 80,000 m3 of water per day, while in Entebbe, it increased by about 12,000 m3 per day. The water supply to the areas, which had intermittent supply especially in the north eastern Kampala areas of Namugongo and Kyaliwajala has subsequently improved. Water Resources Sub-Sector: The water resources sub-sector reform study estimated the financial requirements for implementation of water resources activities over a 10-year period at US$ 60.71 million. This translates to a funding requirement of UGX 10 billion per year. Currently, the sub sector gets an average of UGX 6.5billion per year, which is only 7% of the total sector budget. The water resources management department has experienced a funding shortfall over the FY 2006/07. Out of the expected GoU and Donor financing of UGX 6.4billion, 4.5bn was 4 UGANDA WATER AND SANITATION SECTOR - PERFORMANCE REPORT 2007 released. The financing trend for WRM activities has generally been on the decline since starting period of SWRMD in 2003. Permit issuance and compliance monitoring were prioritised in 2006; out of target of 100 permits, 69No. were issued; 102 permit holders were monitored for compliance against a target of 110. Ground water mapping in six districts of West Nile and the exercise is ongoing in 16 Districts of Eastern and Western Uganda. The low water levels at Jinja have persisted and therefore release at Jinja Power dam was kept constant at 750 cumecs; this is still slightly over the release curve value of 740 cumecs at the current water level. Massive algal blooms have been experienced on the shorelines of Lake Victoria since February 2007. Algal blooms are a symptom of eutrophic lakes and tend to become more frequent with global warming as a result of climate change. Analysis of municipal effluents from wastewater treatment facilities in all the large towns under NWSC revealed low compliance to national standards. 223 data sets for 2006/7 for BOD, phosphorus and total suspended solids were analysed and compliance to wastewater standards was found to be 12%, 26% and 40% respectively. Some of the analytical equipment procured ten years ago under the Water Resources Assessment Project (WRAP) for the laboratory in Entebbe has broken down and needs replacement. Given the high demands on water resources in Uganda, and the demands on the new Directorate of Water Resources Management, there is urgent need to strengthen the new Directorate with resources (financial and human) to enable them perform the function, especially regulation and compliance monitoring and IWRM, which are currently inadequate. Furthermore, the analytical capability of the laboratory should be up-graded to be able to analyze parameters with health implications in water like algal toxins, organics and toxic metals. Water for Production Sub-Sector: In FY 2006/07 a total of UGX 5.14 billion was released for Water for Production activities. The following was achieved: 6 windmill powered borehole installed, 2 valley tanks completed, Studies for bulkwater supply: in the water stressed districts of Nakasongola and Rakai completed, and 14No. feasibility studies were completed. The total storage capacity created during the FY 2006/07 was 52,400 m3 against a planned storage of 341,000m3 . This shortfall was due to insecurity in Karamoja which caused the suspension of reconstruction of Kailong dam in Kotido District and completion of Kulodwong dam in Abim District. Investment Requirements All four sub-sectors (rural, urban, water for production and water resources) are constrained in meeting their targets by lack of resources. Consolidation of the sector investment plans is in progress and will guide the sector on the overall deficits. Sanitation and Hygiene: The national latrine coverage stands 59%; a slight improvement from 58% of June 2006.
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