Filippo Cassola
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Illyrian Policy of Rome in the Late Republic and Early Principate
ILLYRIAN POLICY OF ROME IN THE LATE REPUBLIC AND EARLY PRINCIPATE Danijel Dzino Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Classics University of Adelaide August 2005 II Table of Contents TITLE PAGE I TABLE OF CONTENTS II ABSTRACT V DECLARATION VI ACKNOWLEDGMENTS VII LIST OF FIGURES VIII LIST OF PLATES AND MAPS IX 1. Introduction, approaches, review of sources and secondary literature 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Rome and Illyricum (a short story) 2 1.3 Methodology 6 1.4.1 Illyrian policy of Rome in the context of world-system analysis: Policy as an interaction between systems 9 1.4.2 The Illyrian policy of Rome in the context of world-system analysis: Working hypothesis 11 1.5 The stages in the Roman Illyrian relationship (the development of a political/constitutional framework) 16 1.6 Themes and approaches: Illyricum in Roman historiography 18 1.7.1 Literature review: primary sources 21 1.7.2 Literature review: modern works 26 2. Illyricum in Roman foreign policy: historical outline, theoretical approaches and geography 2.1 Introduction 30 2.2 Roman foreign policy: Who made it, how and why was it made, and where did it stop 30 2.3 The instruments of Roman foreign policy 36 2.4 The place of Illyricum in the Mediterranean political landscape 39 2.5 The geography and ethnography of pre-Roman Illyricum 43 III 2.5.1 The Greeks and Celts in Illyricum 44 2.5.2 The Illyrian peoples 47 3. The Illyrian policy of Rome 167 – 60 BC: Illyricum - the realm of bifocality 3.1 Introduction 55 3.2 Prelude: the making of bifocality 56 3.3 The South and Central Adriatic 60 3.4 The North Adriatic 65 3.5 Republican policy in Illyricum before Caesar: the assessment 71 4. -
Santangelo F. Caesar's Aims in Northeast Italy. Papers of the British School at Rome 2016, 2016(84), 101-129
Santangelo F. Caesar's Aims in Northeast Italy. Papers of the British School at Rome 2016, 2016(84), 101-129. Copyright: This is the author’s accepted manuscript of an article that has been published in its final definitive form by Cambridge University Press, 2016. DOI link to article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0068246216000039 Date deposited: 28/10/2016 Newcastle University ePrints - eprint.ncl.ac.uk 1 Caesar’s Aims in North-East Italy * ABSTRACT: This paper provides a new assessment of Caesar’s activity in north-east Italy, both in the 50s BC and in the aftermath of the Civil War, and discusses it against the background of the earlier Roman presence in the region and of the developments that intervened in the following generation. Its main contention is that Caesar carried out a number of important political and administrative interventions, both in Histria (chiefly through the foundation of the colony of Pola) and in the Alpine and pre-Alpine regions, marking a fundamental shift in the quality of the Roman presence in the area. The discussion falls under five headings: the value of the evidence of Caesar’s Commentarii for his activity in north-east Italy; an overview of the problems for which inadequate documentation survives (such as the early history and legal status of Tergeste); the date and background of the colonisation of Pola; the changes in the administrative and agrarian setup of Histria and north-east Italy in the late Republican period; and the resulting economic and social developments in the region. The conclusions summarise the main insights emerging from a very fragmentary field of evidence, and seek to explain the inclusion of Histria in the Augustan discriptio of Italy with the exceptional prosperity of the region, which Caesar’s interest had contributed to chart and exploit more effectively. -
L'industria Alimentare Nell'economia Del Friuli Venezia Giulia
Centro Studi - Ufficio Statistica e Prezzi L’industria alimentare nell’economia del Friuli Venezia Giulia aprile Focus: il comparto vitivinicolo 2020 Via Morpurgo 4 - 33100 Udine - Tel. +39 0432 273200 273219 - fax +39 0432 509469 - email: [email protected] Centro Studi - Ufficio Statistica e Prezzi L’industria alimentare e delle bevande in Italia 61.613 imprese attive (12,9% dell’industria manifatturiera) 471mila gli addetti (11,7% del totale manifatturiero) 28.060,8 * miliardi di euro il valore aggiunto (10,8% del totale manifatturiero) 27.175 milioni di euro il valore dell’Export di prodotti alimentari nel 2019 26.567 milioni di euro il valore dell’Import di prodotti alimentari nel 2019 9.345 milioni di euro il valore dell’Export di bevande nel periodo 2019 1.909 milioni di euro il valore dell’Import di bevande nel periodo 2019 (*) comprende anche i tabacco Fonte: InfoCamere, Istat L’industria alimentare nell’economia del Friuli Venezia Giulia, - aprile 2020 2 Centro Studi - Ufficio Statistica e Prezzi Le imprese del comparto in Friuli Venezia Giulia (31 dicembre 2019) Industrie alimentari e delle bevande (797 imprese attive): • Lavorazione e conservazione di carne e produzione di prodotti a base di carne • Lavorazione e conservazione di pesce, crostacei e molluschi • Lavorazione e conservazione di frutta e ortaggi • Produzione di oli e grassi vegetali e animali • Industria lattiero-casearia • Lavorazione delle granaglie, produzione di amidi e di prodotti amidacei • Produzione di prodotti da forno e farinacei • Produzione di -
The Story of the Grateful Wolf and Venetic Horses in Strabo's Geography
Th e story of the grateful wolf and Venetic horses in Strabo’s Geography Marjeta Šašel Kos Strabo (the Greek historian and geographer of the Augustan Age) reported that the sanctuary of the Greek hero Diomedes, to whom the ancient Veneti used to sacrifi ce a white horse, was located in the area of the sacred site at the Timavus River where it fl ows into the Adriatic. In this passage Strabo also narrated the (aetiological) story of a wolf, which had been saved from the nets of hunters by a well-to-do man. As an act of gratitude, the wolf (which may be regarded as a prototype of a fi gure corresponding to the Master of the Wolves) drove off a herd of unbranded horses and brought them to the stable of his benefactor. Th ese horses proved to be a superior breed, and indeed the Venetic horses were well known in the Graeco-Roman world as excellent racing horses; horse-breeding and trade in horses were two important economic activities among the Veneti. Strabo’s data are confi rmed by other literary sources, as well as by archaeological and epigraphic fi nds. Th e story One of the fi rst more detailed descriptions of the Venetic regions is preserved in Strabo’s Geography. Strabo from Amaseia, the capital of the former kingdom of Pontus in Asia Minor, which came under partial Roman rule under Pompey the Great, was an im- portant Greek historian and geographer of the Augustan Age.1 His historical work, titled Historical Sketches, is lost and only his Geography in 17 books is preserved, in which the Roman Empire and even regions beyond are described in considerable detail. -
The Friulian Language
The Friulian Language The Friulian Language: Identity, Migration, Culture Edited by Rosa Mucignat The Friulian Language: Identity, Migration, Culture Edited by Rosa Mucignat This book first published 2014 Cambridge Scholars Publishing 12 Back Chapman Street, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE6 2XX, UK British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Copyright © 2014 by Rosa Mucignat and contributors All rights for this book reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. ISBN (10): 1-4438-5817-X, ISBN (13): 978-1-4438-5817-5 TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Illustrations ................................................................................... vii Acknowledgments ................................................................................... viii Introduction ............................................................................................... ix Rosa Mucignat Part I: History and Status Chapter One ................................................................................................ 2 History, Language and Society in Friuli (Thirty Years Later) Fulvio Salimbeni Chapter Two ............................................................................................. 15 Laws for the Protection of the Friulian Language William Cisilino Part II: Language and Culture -
Tergeste E Il Suo Territorio Alle Soglie Della Romanit A
Claudio Zaccaria TERGESTE E IL SUO TERRITORIO ALLE SOGLIE DELLA ROMANIT A La storia pii:1 antica di Tergeste, da villaggio fortificato a centro ammi nistrati vo romano con controllo su un territorio proprio, deve inquadrarsi all'interno di una serie di eventi che segnano progressivamente l'avvento della romanita nelle regioni dell'Italia nordorientale (1). Le tappe di questo processo sono: - la fondazione ad Aquileia, in territorio gallico, di una colonia di dirit to latino (I 81 a.C.) e la sua successiva promozione a municipio di cittadini romani (90 a.C.) (2); - ii progressivo controllo romano sulle popolazioni de] territorio a orien te di Aquileia, tra cui la comunita che occupava ii castelliere di Elleri (3); - la costituzione delle province della Gallia Cisalpina e dell'Illyricum (di cui si discute la data e talora si mette persino in dubbio l'esistenza) (4); - la graduale romanizzazione dell'Istria (5), che - come e stato recente mente proposto con buoni argomenti - potrebbe non aver mai fatto parte della provincia dell'Illirico, e potrebbe invece aver costituito fin dalla fine delle guere istriche un territorio sotto ii diretto controllo di Roma (6); - lo sviluppo, a partire dalla meta de! II secolo a.C., dell'insediamento di Tergeste, all'inizio forse presidio contra gli Histri, poi villaggio fortificato abitato da popolazioni carniche (7); - la fondazione (in eta cesariana) di una colonia di cittadini romani a (I) Si veda in ge'neraleDAvID 1994. Sui problemi storici, giuridici, culturali della "roma nizzazione" della Transpadana si vedano Ross, 1973; CHEVALLIER 1977; LuRASCHI 1979; Lu RASCH1 1980; CHEYALLIER 1983; VEDALDI 1985; GABBA 1986; LURASCHI 1986; BANDELLI 1988; CAssoLA 1991 ; DENTI 1991b; BANDELu 1998a; BANDELu 1998b. -
Interventions by the Roman Republic in Illyria 230 – 167 BC
Interventions by the Roman Republic in Illyria 230 – 167 BC Submitted by Jack James Willoughby, to the University of Exeter as a thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Classics, September 2018. This thesis is available for Library use on the understanding that it is copyright material and that no quotation from the thesis may be published without proper acknowledgement. I certify that all material in this thesis which is not my own work has been identified and that no material has previously been submitted and approved for the award of a degree by this or any other University. (Signature) ……………………………………………………………………………… Page 1 of 181 Abstract This thesis aims to determine how and why Rome undertook a series of interventions in Illyria during the period of 230 – 167 BC. The thesis is based on a detailed examination and consideration of the ancient written sources and the subsequent historiography on the subject. The Roman interventions in Illyria during this period have traditionally been treated as a component of wider studies of Roman expansion, although Rome’s involvement in Illyria has recently been examined by Dzino in his 2010 work Illyricum in Roman Politics 229BC-AD68. This work examined the development and integration of Illyricum in Roman political discourse, in which the Roman interventions were a smaller component in the broader study. A study of the Roman interventions in Illyria during the period of 230 – 167 BC has never previously been treated on this scale, nor effectively with a synthesis of the various approaches and pieces of evidence that are now available. -
Developing Archaeological Audiences Along the Roman Route Aquileia
Developing archaeological audiences along the Roman route Aquileia-Emona-Sirmium-Viminacium Ljubljana, July 2016 WP3, Task 3.1 – Historiographic research update on the Roman route Index 3 Bernarda Županek, Musem and Galleries of Ljubljana Roman road Aquileia-Emona- Siscia-Sirmium-Viminacium: the Slovenian section 21 Dora Kušan Špalj and Nikoleta Perok, Archaeological Museum in Zagreb Roman road Aquileia-Emona-Siscia-Viminacium: Section of the road in the territory of present-day Croatia 37 Biljana Lučić, Institute for protection of cultural monuments Sremska Mitrovica Contribution to the research of the main Roman road through Srem 45 Ilija Danković and Nemanja Mrđić, Institute of Archaeology, Belgrade From Singidunum to Viminacium through Moesia Superior 2 Bernarda Županek, Musem and Galleries of Ljubljana Roman road Aquileia-Emona- Siscia-Sirmium-Viminacium: the Slovenian section The construction of the road that connected the Italic region with central Slovenia, and then made its way towards the east, was of key strategic importance for the Roman conquest of regions between the Sava and the Danube at the end of the first century BC. After the administrative establishment of the province of Pannonia this road became the main communication route, in the west-east direction, between Italy and the eastern provinces, especially with Pannonia and Moesia. The start of the road, which we follow in the context of the ARCHEST project, was in Aquileia, then across Emona to Neviodunim, passing Aquae Iassae towards Siscia and onwards into Sirmium, Singidunum and Viminacium. Myth-shrouded beginnings: the Amber Road and the Argonauts The territory of modern Slovenia was already covered with various routes during prehistoric times. -
Regio X Venetia Et Histria
Claudio Zaccaria IL GOVERNO ROMANO NELLA REGIO X E NELLA PROVINCIA VENETIA ET HISTRIA I. DALLA FINE DELLA PROVINCIA CISALPINA ALLA CREAZIONE DELLA REGIO X 1. - In seguito alla lex de civitate del 49 a.C. la Transpadana mientale si presentava con caratteri singolari dal ,punto di vista politico-amministrativo ('). Costituirta per ,grandissimaparte da un'inin terrotta rete di comunità di cives Romani, ,possessori a .pieno diritto di ager privatus romanamente organizzato, essa rimaneva tuttavia inserita nella provincia Gallia Cisalpina, sottostava all'imperium di un governatore, era sede di comandi militari stabili, godeva di un re gime del suolo diverso da quello dell'Italia romana (2). Una situazione che poneva gli abitanti della ,valle padana in posizione di inferiorità (1) Con la concessione della cittadinanza romana a tutte le colonie latine si era formalmente compiuto il processo di romanizzazione iniziato .più di -un secolo e mezzo prima con la deduzione oltre il Po delle colonie latine di Cremona e Aquileia e acce lerato per effetto delle leges lulia del 90 a.C. (che trasfonmò le colonie latine in muni cipia c.R.) e Pompeia dell'89 a.C. (che concesse alle comunità transpadane la citta dinanza di diritto latino). Per un'analisi dei ,problemi e la bibliografia .più recente si vedano G. ,BANDELLI, Momellti e forme della politica romana nella Transpadana orientale: III-II sec. a.C., «AMSIA» XXXIII (1985), c.s.; ID., Il governo ro mano nella Transpadana orientale .(90-42 a.C.), in questo -volume; V. VEDALDI IASBEZ, La problematica sulla romanizzazione della Transpadana negli studi dell'ulti mo q11ara11tennio, «QGS», VI (1985), 1, pp. -
Hoards of the Roman Period in Slovenia from the 2Nd Century Bc to the 2Nd Century Ad
A. MIŠKEC: Hoards of the Roman period in Slovenia..., VAMZ, 3. s., XLV (2012) 379 ALENKA MIŠKEC Narodni muzej Slovenije SI – 1000 Ljubljana Slovenija [email protected] HOARDS OF THE ROMAN PERIOD IN SLOVENIA FROM THE 2ND CENTURY BC TO THE 2ND CENTURY AD UDK: 904:737.1(497.4)»652« Izvorni znanstveni rad In the present article we discuss hoard finds from the territory of the Re- public of Slovenia, and specifically from the period from the 2nd century BC to the 2nd century AD. The number of hoards approaches 80, which does not include four votive hoards and numerous hoards that were found in graves. The finds in the period under consideration are dominated by those that can be connected with military activities; these are certainly the finds from 150–146 BC, from the middle of the 1st century AD, from the Augustan period, from the period of the civil wars, and from the period of the Marcomannic Wars. Key words: Slovenia, coin hoards, Roman period, the Celts, numismatics Ključne riječi: Slovenija, ostave novca, Rimsko doba, Kelti, numizmatika In 1981, part of the doctoral dissertation of Ivan Mirnik was published with the title Coin Hoards in Yugoslavia (MIRNIK 1981), where the author collected and interpreted the coin hoards from the territory of the then Yugoslavia, from the first appearance of coinage in the 6th century BC to the middle of the 19th century. In the present article, this work of Ivan Mirnik will be supplemented by new hoard finds and with a new evaluation of the earlier finds, although this will be limited to hoards from the territory of the Republic of Slovenia, and specifically from the period from the 2nd century BC, when Roman coinage first appeared in Slovenia, to the 2nd century AD. -
The Dissolution of the Slavic Identity Of
THE DISSOLUTION OF THE SLAVIC IDENTITY OF THE SLOVENES IN THE 1980S. THE CASE OF THE VENETIC THEORY By Luka Lisjak GabrijelþLþ Submitted to Central European University Department of History In partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of History Supervisor: Professor Balázs Trencsényi Second supervisor: Gábor Klaniczay CEU eTD Collection Budapest, Hungary 2008 Statement of Copyright Copyright in the text of this thesis rests with the Author. Copies by any process, either in full or part, may be made only in accordance with the instructions given by the Author and lodged in the Central European Library. Details may be obtained from the librarian. This page must form a part of any such copes made. Further copes made in accordance with such instructions may not be made without the written permission of the Author. CEU eTD Collection iii Table of Contents Abstract.............................................................................................................................vi 1. Early Autochthonist Theories in the Slovene Lands..................................................8 1.1. The Discursive Shifts in Slovene Autochthonism ....................................................10 1.2 The Medieval Tradition............................................................................................12 1.3 The Humanist Topos................................................................................................13 1.4 The Enlightenment: Re-Emergence and Demise of the Autochthonist Topos............16 -
Miniere E Minerali in Carnia
MINIERE E MINERALI IN CARNIA QUADERNI DEL MUSEO GEOLOGICO DELLA CARNIA - 2 Comunità Montana della Carnia MINIERE E MINERALI Pubblicazione edita in occasione Comune di Ampezzo della mostra Provincia di Udine Miniere e minerali in Carnia IN CARNIA Ampezzo in collaborazione con Museo Geologico della Carnia CarniaMusei dal 23 giugno 2007 al 6 gennaio 2008 Museo Friulano di Storia Naturale ISIS Paschini di Tolmezzo Museo delle Scienze di Pordenone L’interesse per i minerali e le mineralizzazioni progettazione scientifica della montagna friulana è divenuto per alcuni Margherita Solari una passione, come lo era per Claudio Calligaris, Giuseppe Muscio professore di scienze al Liceo Scientifico Pio Paschini di Tolmezzo, naturalista e profondo testi conoscitore dei monti della Carnia. Giuseppe Muscio Recentemente scomparso, Margherita Solari a Lui è stata dedicata questa mostra. Mauro Unfer Roberto Zucchini foto Roberto Zucchini Giuseppe Muscio Adalberto D’Andrea Elido Turco grafica Furio Colman un particolare ringraziamento a Circolo Speleologico e Idrologico Friulano Gruppo Speleologico Gortani Mauro Unfer Luca Simonetto © Museo Geologico della Carnia Egidio Screrm 1° edizione 2007 Andrea Mocchiutti 1° ristampa 2015 Giandomenico Cella MINERALI E GEOLOGIA Fin dai tempi antichi l’uomo ha sempre sfrut- 5 tato l’ambiente che lo circonda, prelevando acqua, prodotti della terra o animali. L’utiliz- zo dei prodotti del sottosuolo, le cosiddette materie prime , quali idrocarburi, carboni o minerali, ha fortemente influenzato, quindi, la storia umana: basti pensare a come sud- dividiamo la cronologia nella preistoria e protostoria (età del rame, età del ferro, ecc.) o come, oggi, si facciano guerre per il petro- lio. Anche la montagna friulana è stata sfruttata per ricavarne materie prime, probabilmente già nella preistoria e poi dai romani, ma le at- Cristalli di Realgar tività estrattive divengono significative nel Medioevo; molti toponimi lo confermano.