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The Heritage Value of Italian Occupation Period Buildings in Gondar: the Case of Piazza

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The Heritage Value of Italian Occupation Period Buildings in Gondar: the Case of Piazza THE HERITAGE VALUE AND ASSESSMENT OF ITALIAN OCCUPATION PERIOD BUILDINGS THE CASE OF PIAZZA, GONDAR BY TEWODEROS HAILE BERIHIE June, 2018 Addis Ababa, Ethiopia THE HERITAGE VALUE AND ASSESSMENT OF ITALIAN OCCUPATION PERIOD BUILDINGS THE CASE OF PIAZZA, GONDAR Master’s Thesis This Thesis Is Submitted To The Ethiopian Institute Of Architecture, Building Construction And City Development (Eiabc) And To School Of Graduate Student Of Addis Ababa University For The Partial Fulfilment Of All Requirement Of Master of Science In Conservation Of Urban And Architectural Heritage. BY TEWODEROS HAILE BERIHIE ADVISOR: FASIL GIORGHIS (Associate Professor) June, 2018 ADDIS ABABA The Heritage Value and Assessment of Italian Occupation Period Buildings the Case of Piazza, Gondar This is to certify that the thesis prepared by Tewoderos Haile Berihie, entitled: The Heritage Value and Assessment of Italian Occupation Period Buildings The Case Of Piazza, Gondar: and submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science (Conservation of Urban and Architectural Heritage) compiles with the regulations of the University and meets the accepted standards with respect to originality and quality. By:-Tewoderos Haile Approval by Board of Examiners Fasil Giorghis (Associate Professor) __________________ ____________________ Advisor Signature Date Tadesse Girmaye __________________ __________________ Internal Examiner Signature Date Hailue Zelake __________________ __________________ External Examiner Signature Date Fisseha Wegayehu (PhD) __________________ __________________ Chairman, Signature Date II The Heritage Value and Assessment of Italian Occupation Period Buildings the Case of Piazza, Gondar Declaration I declare that, this thesis prepared for the PARTIAL FULFILLMENT of the requirements for the degree of MASTERS OF URBAN CONSERVATION AND ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE entitled “THE HERITAGE VALUE AND ASSESSMENT OF ITALIAN OCCUPATION PERIOD BUILDINGS THE CASE OF PIAZZA, GONDAR” is my original research work prepared independently by my own effort with the close advice and guidance of my adviser. I also declare that this thesis has not been presented in any university and all sources that I have used or quoted have been indicated and acknowledged by means of complete references. Tewoderos Haile Berihie June, 2018 Addis Ababa III The Heritage Value and Assessment of Italian Occupation Period Buildings the Case of Piazza, Gondar Abstract The town of Gondar is one of the oldest historical cities in Ethiopia with a rich cultural heritage resources. The historic town of Gondar features a wealth of historical buildings including a castle registered as a UNESCO world heritage property. There are numerous medieval Ethiopian historical buildings in Gondar. Nowadays, the Italian Occupation Period buildings are also included as an attraction for visitors. These buildings were built by Italians who stayed in Gondar (Ethiopia) from 1936-1941 during their five years occupation period. Sadly enough, the Italian period buildings are not well researched with respect to the heritage value, assessment and conservation aspects despite the brief documentation by Tomohiro Shitara and Architecture and construction of Italian and their role for the development of modern architecture of the city by David Rifkind. This paper aims to assess the contribution of Italian Occupation Period buildings to Gondar with regard to urban heritage and tourism value. Therefore the paper attempts to clarify the historical background, current condition, and future contribution as well as issues related to better protection and conservation of these buildings. To rescue some of those Italian Occupation Period structures to keep, preserve and protect from further distortion to properly use them for sustainable cultural and architectural development. Data for this research were collected from various sources of information. So as to make the research result valuable, both primary and secondary sources of data were used. This research used Data Acquisition Methods, Field survey, Literature survey, and Oral histories. To this end, the research is prepared to it provide better understanding about Italian Occupation Period buildings. The findings of this paper lay a foundation base for further investigation of Italian buildings that are scattered in the width and breadth of the country in cities like Adigrat, Aksum, Adwa, Makelle, Dessie, Jimma, Harar, and Diredawa. Key words: heritage value, assessment, conservation, Occupation, urban heritage, tourism value IV The Heritage Value and Assessment of Italian Occupation Period Buildings the Case of Piazza, Gondar Acknowledgments I would like to express my gratitude to my advisor Fasil Giorghis (Associate Professor) for his diligent support and Ato Tadesse Girmaye, Ato Helawi Sewnat who was there for me right from the inception of the research up to its final out line stage. I also want to thank my friends and my class mate especially Hailemelekot Agizew, Micheal Bogale, and Amanuel Getahune for providing me the necessary friendly encouragement. I would like to extend my thanks to all informants in the study area for their generous support in giving me the valuable data for this study, I am also grateful for the support of Henok Elfenahe who kindly gave me his camera from the inception until completion of the task as well as, Last but not least, I would like to express my deepest appreciation to my family and friends in giving their continuous moral. Especially I would like to extend my respect to my brother and sisters, who have support me along the way. I am thankful to have a great mother, Ababue Sendake and my beloved wife, wintana Estifanose, and to my beloved sun, Noah Tewoderos, who always refresh and strengthen me in every ongoing activities of the research. Tewoderos Haile Berihie June, 2018 Addis Ababa V The Heritage Value and Assessment of Italian Occupation Period Buildings the Case of Piazza, Gondar Contents Abstract ....................................................................................................................................................... IV Acknowledgments ....................................................................................................................................... V Contents ...................................................................................................................................................... VI List of Tables .............................................................................................................................................. IX List of Figures ............................................................................................................................................. IX List of Map................................................................................................................................................. XII List of Acronyms & Terminologies ........................................................................................................ XIII CHAPTER ONE ......................................................................................................................................... 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Background of the Study .................................................................................................................. 2 1.2 Statement of the problem ................................................................................................................. 4 1.3 Objective ............................................................................................................................................ 5 1.3.1 General objective........................................................................................................................ 5 1.3.2 Specific objective ........................................................................................................................ 5 1.4 Research Hypothesis ......................................................................................................................... 6 1.5 Research questions ............................................................................................................................ 7 1.5.1 Main research questions ............................................................................................................ 7 1.5.2 Specific research questions ........................................................................................................ 7 1.6 Scope and Limitations ...................................................................................................................... 7 1.7 Methodology and Organization ....................................................................................................... 8 1.7.1 Data Acquisition Methods ......................................................................................................... 8 1.7.2 Thesis structure .......................................................................................................................... 9 1.7.3 Method of Data Analysis ......................................................................................................... 11 1.8 Significance .....................................................................................................................................
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