A Guide to Practical Irfan Stage 1
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Understanding the Concept of Islamic Sufism
Journal of Education & Social Policy Vol. 1 No. 1; June 2014 Understanding the Concept of Islamic Sufism Shahida Bilqies Research Scholar, Shah-i-Hamadan Institute of Islamic Studies University of Kashmir, Srinagar-190006 Jammu and Kashmir, India. Sufism, being the marrow of the bone or the inner dimension of the Islamic revelation, is the means par excellence whereby Tawhid is achieved. All Muslims believe in Unity as expressed in the most Universal sense possible by the Shahadah, la ilaha ill’Allah. The Sufi has realized the mysteries of Tawhid, who knows what this assertion means. It is only he who sees God everywhere.1 Sufism can also be explained from the perspective of the three basic religious attitudes mentioned in the Qur’an. These are the attitudes of Islam, Iman and Ihsan.There is a Hadith of the Prophet (saw) which describes the three attitudes separately as components of Din (religion), while several other traditions in the Kitab-ul-Iman of Sahih Bukhari discuss Islam and Iman as distinct attitudes varying in religious significance. These are also mentioned as having various degrees of intensity and varieties in themselves. The attitude of Islam, which has given its name to the Islamic religion, means Submission to the Will of Allah. This is the minimum qualification for being a Muslim. Technically, it implies an acceptance, even if only formal, of the teachings contained in the Qur’an and the Traditions of the Prophet (saw). Iman is a more advanced stage in the field of religion than Islam. It designates a further penetration into the heart of religion and a firm faith in its teachings. -
Aldrees Petroleum and Transport Services Company Through an Initial Public Offering at an Offer Price of SAR 185 Per Share
PROSPECTUS Offer of 1,200,000 shares representing 30% of Aldrees Petroleum and Transport Services Company through an Initial Public Offering at an Offer Price of SAR 185 per share ALDREES PETROLEUM AND TRANSPORT SERVICES COMPANY A Saudi Joint Stock Company (under conversion) in accordance with Ministerial Resolution No. 1707 dated 3/11/1426H (corresponding to 5/12/2005G) Offering Period from Saturday 21/12/1426H (corresponding to 21/1/2006G) To Monday 30/12/1426H (corresponding to 30/1/2006G) Aldrees Petroleum and Transport Services Company (hereinafter referred to as “Aldrees”, “APTSCO” or the “Company”) was formed as a Saudi limited partnership with Commercial Registration Number 1010002475, dated 13 Rabi’ Al-Thani 1382H (corresponding to 12 September 1962G). On 15 Rabi’ Al-Thani 1423H (corresponding to 26 June 2002G), the Company amended its Article of Association and converted into a limited liability company. The Minister of Commerce and Industry has, pursuant to resolution No. 1707 dated 3 Dhul Qa’dah 1426H (corresponding to 5 December 2005G), authorized the conversion of the Company from a limited liability company to a joint stock company. The share capital of the Company is SAR 200 million consisting of 4 million shares with a nominal value of SAR 50 each. Following completion of the Offering (as defined below) and the conclusion of the conversion general assembly meeting, an application will be submitted to the Minister of Commerce and Industry requesting the announcement of the conversion of the Company. The Company will be considered duly converted into a joint stock company from the date of issuance of the Ministerial Resolution declaring its conversion. -
The Meaning of Nafs in the Qur'an Based on Quraish Shihab's Interpretation
The Meaning of Nafs in the Qur’an Based on Quraish Shihab’s Interpretation 1Alpaqih Andopa, 2Hardivizon, 3Nurma Yunita Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Curup [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Abstract: the word nafs (soul) in the context of human speech shows a side in human that has good and bad potential. In the Qur'an, nafs is mentioned 295 times. The type of this research is librarry research, namely research through library data that is representative and relevant to the research object in the form of notes, transcripts, books, interpretation books, and Arabic language dictionaries etc. The collection of research data is obtained by collecting and analyzing data relating to the nafs and books relating to human personality data sources using primary data, secondary data, and tertiary data. The research method used in this research is the method of Maudhu'i's (thematic) of interpretation that is interpreting the Qur’an according to a particular theme or topic. The results of this study indicate that the meaning of first nafs is the power of lust anger and stomach contained in the human soul and is the source of the emergence of despicable morals. As for the second meaning, nafs is a spiritual soul that is lathif, spiritual and rabbani. This nafs in the second sense is what constitutes human rights which distinguishes from animals and other creatures. He classified the Nafs into three, those are: First, Al-Nafs al-Muthmainnah, namely: A clear and bright soul with the remembrance of Allah and eradication of the influence of lust and despicable qualities; second, al- Nafs al-Lawamah, namely the soul that regrets itself; third, al-Nafs al- Amarah, which is the soul that always commands evil. -
Sufism: in the Spirit of Eastern Spiritual Traditions
92 Sufism: In the Spirit of Eastern Spiritual Traditions Irfan Engineer Volume 2 : Issue 1 & Volume Center for the Study of Society & Secularism, Mumbai [email protected] Sambhāṣaṇ 93 Introduction Sufi Islam is a mystical form of Islamic spirituality. The emphasis of Sufism is less on external rituals and more on the inward journey. The seeker searches within to make oneself Insaan-e-Kamil, or a perfect human being on God’s path. The origin of the word Sufism is in tasawwuf, the path followed by Sufis to reach God. Some believe it comes from the word suf (wool), referring to the coarse woollen fabric worn by early Sufis. Sufiya also means purified or chosen as a friend of God. Most Sufis favour the origin of the word from safa or purity; therefore, a Sufi is one who is purified from worldly defilements. The essence of Sufism, as of most religions, is to reach God, or truth or absolute reality. Characteristics of Sufism The path of Sufism is a path of self-annihilation in God, also called afanaa , which means to seek permanence in God. A Sufi strives to relinquish worldly and even other worldly aims. The objective of Sufism is to acquire knowledge of God and achieve wisdom. Sufis avail every act of God as an opportunity to “see” God. The Volume 2 : Issue 1 & Volume Sufi “lives his life as a continuous effort to view or “see” Him with a profound, spiritual “seeing” . and with a profound awareness of being continuously overseen by Him” (Gulen, 2006, p. xi-xii). -
Kitāb Al-Aghālit by Abū 'Abd Al-Rahmān Al-Sulamī (D. 412
THE BOOK OF ERRORS: A CRITICAL EDITION AND STUDY OF KITĀB AL-AGHĀLIT BY ABŪ ‘ABD AL-RAHMĀN AL-SULAMĪ (D. 412/1021) by JAWAD ANWAR QURESHI (under the direction of Dr. Kenneth Honerkamp) ABSTRACT The Kitāb al-aghāliṭ (The Book of Errors) by Abū ‘Abd al-Raḥmān al-Sulamī (d. 412/1021) elucidates a number of errors in both thought and practice that a traveler of the Sufi path might fall into. This study presents a critical edition of the Arabic text of Kitāb al-Aghāliṭ produced from four manuscripts (three of which were previously uncatalogued), a detailed synopsis of the book, and addresses questions of authorship and the relationship between Kitāb al-aghāliṭ and the Kitāb al-luma‘ of Abu’l Naṣr al-Sarrāj (d. 378/988). The main manuscript used in forming the critical edition treats the Kitāb al-aghāliṭ as a section of another Sulamī work previously thought lost – Miḥan mashāyikh al-ṣufīyah (The Trials of the Sufi Masters) – a critical edition of which is included as an appendix. INDEX WORDS: Islam, Sufism, Malāmatīya, Abū ‘Abd al-Raḥmān al-Sulamī, Abu’l Naṣr al-Sarrāj, Kitāb al-aghāliṭ, Miḥan mashayikh al-ṣufiyah, Kitāb al-luma‘ Ghalatāṭ al-ṣūfiya. THE BOOK OF ERRORS: A CRITICAL EDITION AND STUDY OF KITĀB AL-AGHĀLIT BY ABŪ ‘ABD AL-RAHMĀN AL-SULAMĪ (D. 412/1021) by Jawad Anwar Qureshi A.B. University of Missouri-Columbia, 1999 A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of The University of Georgia in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree MASTER OF ARTS ATHENS, GEORGIA 2002 © 2002 Jawad A. -
The 'Irfan of the Commander of the Faithful, Imam Ali (A)'
Religious Inquiries Volume 3, No. 5, Winter and Spring 2014, 5-20 The ‘Irfan of the Commander of the Faithful, Imam Ali (a)’ Muhammad Legenhausen1 All of the major branches of Islamic mysticism, ‗irfān, refer to Imam ‗Ali (‗a) as a major source for their teachings and practices. Hence, we begin with a review of how the mystics viewed Imam ‗Ali (‗a). After this we consider some controversies about the nature of ‗irfān and its relationship to Sufism, for the terms have been used in different ways. Then we turn to the sources on the basis of which claims may be defended about the ‗irfān of Imam ‗Ali (‗a). The conclusion is that the ‗irfān of Imam ‗Ali (‗a) may be characterized by the following features: (1) ‗irfān consists of both knowledge by presence and conceptual knowledge of God. The conceptual knowledge may be divided into theoretical and practical knowledge as reflections upon the experiential knowledge of God and the way of achieving and deepening it; (2) the way to ‗irfān is the path from the outward to the inward, from ẓāhir to bāţin; (3) Imam ‗Alī (‗a) is a fully realized human being who has achieved this knowledge at its most profound level, and who serves as a guide in this quest for those who seek God; (4) the knowledge possessed by the Imam makes him a place for the manifestation of the divine Names and Attributes; (5) the way requires God-wariness (taqwā), renunciation of the world, setting one‘s sights on the ultimate goal, worship, obedience, the acquisition of virtue, and self- knowledge; through the remembrance (dhikr) and contemplation (fikr) of God one polishes the heart and sets out on the inner journey; (6) the way is perilous. -
The Man with Two Heads - Part Two an Interview with Sheikh Ragip (Dr Robert Frager) by Craig Hamilton
The Man With Two Heads - Part Two An interview with Sheikh Ragip (Dr Robert Frager) by Craig Hamilton What Is Enlightenment (WIE): What is Ego? SHEIKH RAGIP: It's interesting that when Freud's writing was translated into English, what was translated as "the ego" is in German "das Ich" which means "the I." So our modern theories of personality are built on this notion that ego is the "I"; it's my sense of who I am, and Sufism would very much agree with this definition. Sufism explains that this sense of self, what it calls the "personal soul," is an outgrowth of our capacity to objectify ourselves, to see ourselves as objects. Now, our capacity to do that gives us tremendous power to act, to plan; it gives us tremendous control. But the problem is that when you begin to say, "There is an 'I.' Here I am, an object," then by definition you're also separating yourself from the world. If I say, "I" or "me," that immediately assumes dualism. Because there's "I," therefore there has to be "other." But from the Sufi point of view, we're seeking unity - and that dualism, which is so powerful, is one of the greatest blocks to attaining unity. Who wants to give up "I"? We don't want to give ourselves up; we're terribly attached to this sense of "who I am”. So, fundamentally, the roots of the ego are this sense of separateness or individuality. We identify with this separateness instead of identifying with the soul, instead of identifying with the divine in us. -
5Adr Al-Din Al-Shirazi Was One of the Most Intellectually Inde
Hierarchies of Knowing in Mulla Sadra's Commentary on the Usul al-kafi M a r i a M a s s i D a k a k e adr al-Din al-Shirazi was one of the most intellectually inde pendent philosophers of his time. Though influenced by many , well-developed strands of thought in Islamic intellectual his 5tory—the Peripatetic and Illuminationist schools of philosophy, as well as a number of different mystical traditions, including those of Abu Hamid al-Ghazali and Ibn al-cArabi—he was able to create a synthetic whole that did not merely reconcile these divergent perspectives, but rather used them as reference points for his own mystico-philosophical perspective. Mulla Sadra, however, unlike most of the mystical and philosophical thinkers who influenced his thought, was an Imami Shi i. Despite the struggles he may have had with some of the Shi i authorities of his day, the nature of which con tinue to be a matter of scholarly debate,1 he embraced the principal doctrines of the Imami school of thought, and revered the Imams as infallible sources of spiritual guidance. In this article, I explore the relationship between Mulla Sadras metaphysics of knowledge and his own Shi i confessional views through an analysis of his commentary on a major work of Shi i canonical tradition—Kulayni’s Usul al-kafi—with a particular emphasis on his commentary on the chapter entitled, “ The Superiority of Knowledge” (Fadl alJ ilm). Before turning to his commentary, however, it is useful to pres ent some of the key questions about Sadras life and thought that complicate our understanding of his adherence to the Imami Shf! school, and explain how our reading of his commentary on the Usul al-kafi might help us answer them. -
Why Should This Book Be Studied in School?
ISSN: 2582-7065 (Online) SAJSSH, VOL 2, ISSUE 2, PP. 172-180 Self-Regulate Learning and Al-Ghazali’s Theory of Education Mahmoona Shahzadi1, Tajammal Hussain Awan2 and Faisal Irfan3 1Department of English Minhaj University Lahore, Pakistan 2Ph. D Scholar in Business Administration at Superior University Lahore, Pakistan 3School of Languages, Civilization and Philosophy, University Utara Malaysia, Malaysia Corresponding Author: Faisal Irfan, Email: [email protected] Orcid ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4864-8810 Received: 28th November 2020 Accepted: 21st February 2021 Published: 10th April 2021 ABSTRACT Al-Ghazali, the famous Muslim scholar from the 5th century presented the Theory of Education in which he defines the major goal of the mankind is to implement the shari’a which can result in the development of the best human society. The impact of society on the learning behavior of the pupil is also advocated by the Self-Regulated Learning process. This process involves the phases of observation, planning, execution and the evaluation. Zimmerman, the major contributors to the Self-Regulated Learning presented a number of shared features that were found to be already stated and asserted by Al-Ghazali. Winne & Hadwin’s Information Process Model for moving the facts from one’s temporary to the permanent memory is also the way suggested by Al- Ghazali for memorizing the Holy Quran. Like the proponent of the Self-Regulated Learning, Al- Ghazali also believes that the flair of knowing the facts needs a motivation. He asserts that the knowledge is always kept within the human soul and the cognitive abilities play a substantial role in granting a substantial level of inspiration and motivation for self-learning. -
Cover Page (Front)
Cover Page (Front) Cover Page (Front-Back) THE MESSAGE Editor: Hujjat-ul-Islam Wal Muslimeen Sheikh Shabbir H. Lakhani (Maisami) Editorial Board: Mr. Mazher Ali Jumani, Molana Sajjad Qaimi, Dr. Hussain Kanani, Mr. Hasnain Nanjiani, Dr. Sana Muhammad Sadiq. Annual Subscription: Pak. Rs. 500/= For subscription and suggestions contact: 6, Jiwani Garden, JM-208/2, Amil Colony, Soldier Bazar # 3, Karachi – Pakistan Email: [email protected] Web: www.zahraacademy.org Disclaimer: The Editor does not necessarily agree with the views expressed in the matter published herein. The views and opinions presented in the Journal reflect the views of the authors and not of the Journal or its Editorial Board or the Publisher. TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 Food for Thought: - Sayings of Imam Ali (A.S.) 02 2 Your Daily-Life Questions Answered 03 3 The Impact of Karbala on Vigilance of Muslims 04 4 How to help Imam Husayn (A.S) and hence Imam Mahdi (A.S) 15 5 Why Mukhtar didn’t defend Hazrat Imam Hussein in Karbala? 23 6 Martyrdom of Imam al-Ridha (A.S.) 28 7 Leader's Speech on Arba’een 42 8 Martyrdom of Prophet Muhammad (S) 47 9 Martyrdom of Imam Hasan Mujtaba (A.S.) 51 10 Role of the Imams in the Reconstruction of Islamic Society 53 11 The Parent and Child Relationship 57 Kids’ Corner 12 Shahadat of Sayyida Sakina (S.A.) 61 13 Imam Hasan (A.S.) and the Syrian 63 14 The Conduct of the Noble Prophet (S) 64 Published by Zahra (S.A.) Academy Institute of Islamic Education, Development & Relief 1 The Message Safar-ul-Muzaffar 1439 AH FOOD FOR THOUGHT Sayings of Imam Ali (A.S.) 1. -
7 Domains of Spiritual Intelligence from Islamic Perspective
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Elsevier - Publisher Connector Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 211 ( 2015 ) 568 – 577 2nd Global Conference on Business and Social Science-2015, GCBSS-2015, 17-18 September 2015, Bali, Indonesia 7 Domains of Spiritual Intelligence from Islamic Perspective Elmi Bin Baharuddina*, Zainab Binti Ismailb aSenior Lecturer, Kolej Poly-Tech MARA, Kuala Lumpur, 56100, Malaysia bProfessor, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, 43000, Malaysia Abstract Spiritual intelligence is a key element in facing challenges nowadays. This study describes the domain of spiritual intelligence according to Islamic perspective. This study emphasized the establishment of an inductive theory. It is based on primary data of interviews and a review of secondary literature on scientific research data, journal articles, documents related to the domain of spiritual intelligence in Islam. Results found that there were seven spiritual intelligence domains according to the Islamic perspective that are al-ruh, al-qalb, al-nafs, al-aql , faith, worship and morality. In conclusion, 7 domains of spiritual intelligence are important to be practiced by Muslims life as a guidance towards worshipping our Creator, Allah. © 20152015 The The Authors. Authors. Published Published by byElsevier Elsevier Ltd. Ltd This. is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (Peerhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/-review under responsibility of the Organizing). Committee of the 2nd GCBSS-2015. Peer-review under responsibility of the Organizing Committee of the 2nd GCBSS-2015 Keywords:spiritual domain, ruhaniah intelligence, Islam, spiritual intelligence. -
Sufism in Post-Revolutionary Iran Seema
The Social Life of Gnosis: Sufism in Post-Revolutionary Iran Seema Golestaneh Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Columbia University 2014 ©2014 Seema Golestaneh All rights reserved Abstract The Social Life of Gnosis: Sufism in Post-Revolutionary Iran Seema Golestaneh My research examines the social and material life of gnosis for the contemporary Sufi community in post-revolutionary Iran. In contrast to literatures which confine Sufism to the literary and poetic realms, I investigate the ways in which gnosis (mystical epistemology) is re- configured as a series of techniques for navigating the realm of the everyday. In particular, I focus on the ways in which mystical knowledge (ma'arifat-e 'erfani) is utilized by the Sufis to position themselves as outside of the socio-political areana, a move that, within the context of the Islamic Republic, in and of itself possesses vast political and social repercussions. I approach gnosis in two ways: both as object of study but also as critical lens, utilizing the Sufis' own mystical epistemology to guide me in understanding and interpreting my ethnographic case studies. In my dissertation, I address the following questions: What is the role of the Sufis, a group positioned on neither side of the orthodoxy-secular divide, within post-revolutionary Iran? How does a religious group attempt to create and maintain a disavowal of the political realm in a theocracy? More broadly, what is the role of mysticism within late modernity, and how might such a question be answered anthropologically? At the heart of my dissertation is the analysis of four ethnographic case studies.