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Arthur Dimmesdale's Hypocrisy As a Puritan

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Arthur Dimmesdale's Hypocrisy As a Puritan ARTHUR DIMMESDALE’S HYPOCRISY AS A PURITAN CLERGYMAN IN NATHANIEL HAWTHORNE’S THE SCARLET LETTER (A Sociological Approach) THESIS Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of Requirements For the Sarjana Sastra Degree in English Depatment Faculty of Letters and Fine Arts Sebelas Maret University By: NURIN ANITASARI C0305054 ENGLISH DEPARTMENT FACULTY OF LETTERS AND FINE ARTS SEBELAS MARET UNIVERSITY SURAKARTA 2010 ARTHUR DIMMESDALE’S HYPOCRISY AS A PURITAN CLERGYMAN IN NATHANIEL HAWTHORNE’S THE SCARLET LETTER (A Sociological Approach) By: NURIN ANITASARI C0305054 Approved to be examined before the Board of Examiners Faculty of Letters and Fine Arts Sebelas Maret University Thesis consultant Dra. Rara Sugiarti, M. Tourism NIP. 196305301990032001 The Head of English Department Dr.Djatmika, M.A NIP. 19670726199302100 ii ARTHUR DIMMESDALE’S HYPOCRISY AS A PURITAN CLERGYMAN IN NATHANIEL HAWTHORNE’S THE SCARLET LETTER (A Sociological Approach) By: NURIN ANITASARI C0305054 Accepted and approved by the Broad of Examiners Faculty of Letters and Fine Arts Sebelas Maret University On Februari 10th, 2010 The Broad of Examiners Position Name Signature Chairman Dra. Nani Sukarni, MS (……………………….) NIP. 195103211981032002 Secretary Dra. Susilorini, MA (……………………….) NIP. 196506011992032002 First Examiner Dra. Rara Sugiarti, M. Tourism (……………………….) NIP. 196305301990032001 Second Examiner Dra. Endang SA, MS (……………………….) NIP. 195208141981032001 The Dean of Faculty of Letters and Fine Arts Sebelas Maret University Drs.Sudarno, MA NIP. 195303141985061001 iii PRONOUNCEMENT Name : Nurin Anitasari NIM : C0305064 I hereby stated wholeheartedly that I write the thesis entitled The Hypocrisy of Arthur Dimmesdale as a Puritan Clergyman in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s “The Scarlet Letter”. It is not a plagiarism nor made by others. The things related to other people’s works are written in the quotations and included in bibliography. If it is then proved that I cheat, I am ready to take the responsibilities, including the withdrawal of my academic degree. Surakarta, February , 2010 Nurin Anitasari iv MOTTO Knowing is not enough, we must apply. Willing is not enough, we must do. (Bruce Lee) Life is always enjoyable since God always gives us the best. (Researcher) v DEDICATION This thesis is sincerely dedicated to my beloved mother, father, brother, sister, and all my best companions in life. vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Bismillahirahmaanirahiim..... Alhamdulillah...I would like to thank God for his blessing and guidance in the process of completing the thesis. I am very thankful for the precious learning which I got through the struggle of thesis process. However, I realize that the thesis could not be done without any favors given to me by many individuals and institution, particularly those with the deep foundation of friendly and caring love. In this memorable moment, I would like to express my deepest gratitude to the very adorable 1. Drs. Sudarno, M.A. Dean of Faculty of Letters and Fine Arts who gave approval on the thesis. 2. Dr. Djatmika, M.A., Head of the English Department who gave support and permission to write the thesis. 3. Dra. Rara Sugiarti, M.Tourism, the thesis consultant who gave me guidance, advices, and encouragement during the writing of the thesis. 4. M. Taufiq Al Makmun, S.S., the academic advisor who gave me moral support during the academic period. 5. All lecturers of English Department for the patience in giving knowledge. 6. Ibu, my beloved mother, for love, care, support, and pray she delivers every single time. 7. Almarhum Bapak, my beloved father for giving me inspiration and encouragement to live my life. vii 8. My brother, Muhammad Rizqi Fauzi, and my little sister, Nurul Fathia Khairunnisa, be nice and do not mess up the house. 9. My dearest pals, Te eM, Lia, Mithul and Tya, Swety and Mbak Amee. 10. “Gank Kampret”, Yogi, Melon, Lilis, Fitria, Nunik, Ima, Woro, Irena, Hesti, Kimut, Puspa, thanks for the girl’s crazy-procrastination-ghatering nights and all four years beyond of togetherness we passed in university. 11. My limited edition cronies in literature, Hemi, Us, Jo, Galih, Adwin, we are not minority but we are exclusive group.... Viva literature! 12. The insipiring friends in ED 05, Sonny, Rizky Adi, Chemitz, Dini, Fauzi, Intan, and the others who are not written here, i do not mean to forget you guys, keep spiritful....”two thousand and five...semangat!!!!”. 13. My boardingmates in Wisma Sakinah, Rina, Apik, Bu Mar, Ratna, Yani, Fina, Mbak WHY, Dek Utie, Swety, Mbak Jijah, Evin, Ani, Fani, Dila, Aci, Mita, Tri, Alyn, Ulphe, Nanda, Zizi, Ida, Dwi, Memey, and Chusnul, thanks for being my second family. Keep SQ enjoyable, gals! 14. All individuals and institution contributing the thesis process that I cannot mention one by one, thanks for the support. After all I have tried to do my best in writing of the thesis, but I realize that this thesis is far from being perfect. Surakrta, Februari 2010 The researcher viii TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE……………………………………………………………………........ i THESIS CONSULTANT’S APPROVAL………………………………....... ii BOARD OF EXAMINATION’S APPROVAL ……………………………. iii PRONOUNCEMENT ………………………………………………………. iv MOTTO ……………………………………………………………………. v DEDICATION …………………………………………………………….. vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ………………………………………………….. vii TABLE OF CONTENTS …………………………………………………… x ABSTRACT ………………………………………………………………… xiii CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION A. Background ………………………………......................................... 1 B. Research Questions …………………………………………………. 5 C. Scope of Study …….......…………………………………………..... 5 D. Objectives of Study …….…………………………………………… 5 E. Research Benefits ….......……………………………………………. 5 F. Research Methodology ……………………………………………… 6 G. Theory and Approach ……………………………………………….. 8 H. Thesis Organization …………………………………………………. 9 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW A. Literature and Sociology ....................………………………………. 11 ix B. Puritanism ........................…………………………………….……... 15 1. The Rise of Puritanism.................................................................. 15 2. Puritan Basic Tenets...................................................................... 17 C. Puritan New England in 17th Century ……...………………………. 19 D. The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne........................................ 23 E. Hypocrisy............................................................................................ 25 F. Review of the Previous Related Research........................................... 27 CHAPTER 3: ANALYSIS A. The Hypocrisy of Arthur Dimmesdale ……………………………… 31 1. The Manifestation of Arthur Dimmesdale’s Hypocrisy ……....… 31 2. The Cause of Hypocrisy ………………………………………… 43 3. The Effect of Hypocrisy on Dimmesdale …..…………………… 48 B. The Puritan society’s reaction of Arthur Dimmesdale’s hypocrisy..... 54 1. The Puritan society’s attitude before Dimmesdale’s revelation.......... 54 2. The Puritan society’s reaction after Dimmesdale’s revelation…......... 60 CHAPTER 4: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 64 A. Conclusion …………………………………………………………... 64 B. Recommendation ……………………………………………………. 66 BIBLIOGRAPHY …………………………………………………………... 67 x ABSTRACT Nurin Anitasari. C0305054. 2010. The Hypocrisy of Arthur Dimmesdale as a Puritan Clergyman in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter. Thesis. English Department, Faculty of Letter and Fine Arts, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta. Hypocrisy is one of the social issues contained within the literary work. Arthur Dimmesdale, the main character in The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne represents the social issues of hypocrisy. The research is focused on Arthur Dimmesdale’s hypocrisy dealing with his social status as a Puritan clergyman and the Puritan society’s reaction to his hypocrisy. The thesis is aimed at finding out the relation between Dimmesdale’s hypocrisy and his social status as well as the relation between his hypocrisy and the society he belongs to. The source of data of the research was a novel by Nathaniel Hawthorne entitled The Scarlet Letter. The main data were taken from the source of data that implied Dimmesdale’s hypocrisy and the Puritan society’s reaction. The main data were analyzed based on the supporting data which were taken from books, articles, essays, critics, and other related writings. The thesis was a descriptive qualitative library research. The researcher used sociological approach to find out the social implication in the novel dealing with Dimmesdale’s hypocrisy and the Puritan society’s reaction. From the research, it is found that Arthur Dimmesdale is a hypocrite Puritan clergyman. He manifests his hypocrisy in his parochial life. His hypocrisy is caused by the role of his social status as a Puritan clergyman and the Puritan society’s expectation on his figure as a Puritan clergyman. His hypocrisy causes guilt which then affects his life to be miserable and torturing. Before Dimmesdale’s secret was revealed, the Puritan society showed their respect and good manner to him. Surprisingly, after his revelation, instead of giving negative reaction, the Puritan society still keeps respecting him and gives him sympathy since Dimmesdale has made good deeds in running his parochial duty. xi ABSTRAK Nurin Anitasari. C0305054. 2010. Kemunafikan Arthur Dimmesdale sebagai Pendeta Puritan dalam The Scarlet Letter karya Nathaniel Hawthorne. Skripsi. Sastra Inggris, Fakultas Sastra dan Seni Rupa, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta. Kemunafikan adalah salah satu persoalan sosial yang biasa terdapat dalam karya sastra. Karakater Arthur Dimmesdale dalam The Scarlet Letter karya
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