Annual Report OCTOBER 1, 2019—SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 Letter from the 2020 Annual Report 2 Interim Director

DEAR FRIENDS,

In early October 1918, art critic James Britton wrote its collections and making them publicly available. in his diary, “When the health law rings the gong— To support this vision, this year, the Roy Lichtenstein even art must stand attentive to Influenza.” More Foundation made a transformational $5 million gift than a century later, the Archives of American Art to create an endowment to process and digitize stands attentive to COVID-19. On March 16, 2020, collections on art and artists from historically we moved our entire staff to telework status, closing underrepresented groups. Digitization requires time our DC and New York research centers. Now, as and meticulous attention to detail. Having recently we begin 2021, many staff are still working from completed a three-year challenge grant from home, continuously finding new ways to connect the Walton Family Foundation, we improved our our mission to collect, preserve, and share the efficiency, doubling our rate of digitization. legacy of American art with the increasingly virtual With schools across the US now turning to world. Others are in the office on a staggered distance learning, we are well positioned to schedule, preserving the collections we continue help and to scale up our efforts to promote the to acquire during the pandemic and digitizing value of teaching with primary sources. This material for curious individuals everywhere to year, continuing our partnership with the Lunder consult on our website. In the report ahead, you Institute for American Art at Colby College and will find highlights from a year like no other, the Cleveland Museum of Art, we held the second one that generated innovative projects, exciting in a series of three workshops focused on creating partnerships, and new examples of our expertise innovative, adaptable models for using archival applied amid the challenges of a global pandemic. materials to teach the history of American art. These accomplishments were made possible only by the generosity of our donors and the hard work While the Archives’ oral histories have traditionally of our staff. been recorded in person, the pandemic inspired staff to reimagine the program with the Pandemic The turbulence of 2020 and beyond has made Oral History Project, 85 interviews with American us keenly aware of how fortunate we are to have artists and art world figures conducted remotely so many of our collections digitized and freely on Zoom. This remarkable collection gives voice available online. We are reminded, once again, of to the arts community during one of the most our gratitude to the Terra Foundation for American turbulent periods in modern history, a time in Art for setting us on this path in 2005, and more which many cultural institutions have been forced recently for establishing an endowment that will to temporarily or permanently close, radically ensure that large-scale digitization is at the heart reshaping relationships between artists and the of our mission. During COVID-19, the ability to find, public. Project participants include Ed Bereal, request, and study archival material remotely has Mark Bradford, Lenore Chinn, Allana Clarke, been imperative for researchers working from home DEMI, Deana Haggag, , Alfredo Jaar, in the and abroad. As one told us, “I Alessandra Moctezuma, Wendy Red Star, and simply couldn’t do my job without the Archives.” Krzysztof Wodiczko, among others. Engaging and Since its establishment 65 years ago, the Archives cathartic, these firsthand accounts serve as a has been committed to diversifying and broadening powerful primary source for anyone investigating Letter from the 2020 Annual Report Archives of American Art 3 Interim Director

the collective and individual challenges of art and from individual donors. This year, we are deeply life in the age of COVID-19, as well as amidst the thankful to Joyce Menschel and the Richard and sustained deadly violence against Black Americans Jane Manoogian Foundation for their support of and a national reckoning with racism. our mission through leadership gifts. The Trustees and staff likewise join me in expressing gratitude to In late June, we acquired four World War II Amy Bermingham, Martha Fleischman, and George diaries kept by art conservator and Monuments Merck and the Merck family for sustaining our Man Lieutenant Commander George Leslie Stout, mission with significant gifts. dating from 1944 to 1946. In these volumes, Stout recorded, with clarity and precision, his movements In closing, I share a quote from the Pandemic through France, Germany, and Japan, at first Oral History Project interview with fiber artist surveying the damage to historic monuments and Sheila Hicks, from her home in Paris. When asked then discovering and recovering looted treasures about life after COVID-19, she responded, “I don’t stolen and stockpiled by the Nazis. The diaries tell think of the pandemic ending. Over here in my an extraordinary story of heroism, persistence, neighborhood, we don’t think of it as ending…. It’s problem solving, and cultural recovery. This a ship that’s been pushed out to sea.” Her advice? acquisition was made possible through the efforts “Learn to swim!” With my deepest appreciation to of Dr. Richard Kurin, the Smithsonian Distinguished our committed staff, dedicated Board of Trustees, Scholar and Ambassador-at-Large, who raised the generous donors, and supportive Smithsonian Duane Michals, Portrait of Merce Cunningham, undated. necessary funds for the purchase in a matter of colleagues, I am proud to say that, in 2020 the Duane Michals papers, 1940–2019. days. The diaries are now reunited with the papers Archives has done more than tread water—we have that Stout donated in 1978, as well as the papers found new ways to swim and interviews of other Monuments Men in our collection, including Thomas Carr Howe, James J. Rorimer, and Otto Wittmann. These documents and With gratitude, recordings have been preserved and are available to scholars and historians looking to the Archives for the personal perspectives of these courageous individuals as they risked their lives to protect historic sites, icons, artifacts, and masterpieces Liza Kirwin during World War II. We are honored to hold them Interim Director in trust for the nation.

While the Archives receives federal funding as part of the Smithsonian Institution, more than half of its annual operating budget is derived from gifts, grants, and income from our endowments. To support important initiatives like the Pandemic Oral History Project and to remain a leader in the archival field, we rely on unrestricted funding Year In Review 2020 Annual Report Archives of American Art 4

63,583 21,556 85 Digital images created, Images created through Oral histories recorded corresponding to 45.9 Digitization on Demand linear feet of collections

38 1,004 80 Collections donated Research inquiries answered by Oral history transcripts the reference department made available online

126 200 1,485,147 Collections processed Reproduction requests fulfilled Page views on the AAA website

816 156 13,475 Linear feet of collections processed Notable press mentions Pages transcribed in the Transcription Center Exhibitions 2020 Annual Report Archives of American Art 5

Ephemeral and Eternal: The Archive of

September 15, 2019 to March 1, 2020

John Michael Kohler Arts Center Sheboygan, WI

Guest curated by the Archives’ curator of manuscripts Mary Savig, this exhibition explored correspondence, journals, artist books, photographs, and ephemera drawn from collections at the Archives and the Lenore G. Tawney Foundation. Savig’s selection highlighted key moments in Tawney’s career, as well as her everyday life and close friendships.

CLOCKWISE FROM TOP LEFT:

1 Installation view of Ephemeral and Eternal: The Archive of Lenore Tawney, John Michael Kohler Arts Center.

2 Mary Savig and Kathleen Mangan, Executive Director of the Lenore G. Tawney Foundation, at the opening of the exhibition Ephemeral and Eternal: The Archives of Lenore Tawney, October 5, 2019.

3 Lenore Tawney, Artist book with rodent skull, circa 1985; paper, bone, and ink; 4 x 5 3/4 x 3 1/2 in. Courtesy of the Lenore G. Tawney Foundation, New York. Photograph by Rich Maciejewski, 2018. Exhibitions 2020 Annual Report Archives of American Art 6

What Is Feminist Art?

Opened November 26, 2019; closed indefinitely due to COVID-19 on March 14, 2020

Lawrence A. Fleischman Gallery in the Donald W. Reynolds Center for American Art and Portraiture, Washington, DC

As a public health precaution due to COVID-19, all Smithsonian museums, including the Lawrence A. Fleischman Gallery, are closed. We are not announcing a reopening date for What Is Feminist Art? but will provide updates on our website and social media as they become available.

Photographs of the exhibition What is Feminist Art? in the Lawrence A. Fleischman Gallery, Washington, DC, and intern Lauren Kershenbaum assisting with the installation. Events 2020 Annual Report Archives of American Art 7

October 22, 2019 November 7–8, 2019

At the annual Archives of American Art gala, held at the Essex House in New York, Interim director Liza Kirwin participated in the Institut national d’histoire d’art (INHA) artist Howardena Pindell and the American Academy of Art and Letters were symposium on collecting the papers of art historians, in Paris, France. awarded the Archives of American Art Medals. Alexander Nemerov received the Lawrence A. Fleischman Award for Scholarly Excellence in the Field of American Art History.

Premiering at the 2019 gala, the short film Dig Deep articulates the Archives’ mission and highlights its contributions to the field of American art. The film Symposium participants tour the INHA’s library, Bibliothèque de features conversations with Archives staff l’Institut national d’histoire de l’art, November 7, 2019. and significant art world professionals. November 19, 2019

In recognition of the publication of the Fall 2019 issue of the Archives of American Art Journal, Swann Auction Galleries and the Archives co-hosted an event entitled ABOVE: Billie Tsien, Judy Pfaff, and Susanne Emmerich at the annual gala, October 22, 2019. “Collecting the Papers of Women Artists, Dealers, and Critics,” featuring a Photography by BFA. conversation with curator of manuscripts Mary Savig and curator of African RIGHT: Josh Franco during the filming of American manuscripts Erin Jenoa Gilbert and moderated by Swann’s American art Dig Deep, September 9, 2019. specialist Lisa Crescenzo. Events 2020 Annual Report Archives of American Art 8

February 13, 2020 April 13, 2020

Head of collections processing Erin Kinhart and archivist Rihoko Ueno gave a Oral history archivist Jennifer Snyder was a guest speaker for Benji de la Piedra’s tour and presentation to archivists and curators visiting the Archives from the oral history class for the public history MA program at the University of Arkansas Academia Sinica Center for Digital Cultures, Taiwan. at Little Rock.

May 6, 2020

National collector Josh Franco presented over Zoom about the Archives’ resources to the National Association of Latino Arts and Cultures Advocacy Leadership Institute. The Archives is part of a circuit that also includes the Library of Congress, The White House, and the United States Capitol. The cohort met with Congressman Joaquin Castro directly before Dr. Franco’s presentation.

LEFT TO RIGHT: Yun-Hsuan Chou, Dr. Woan-Jen Hsu, Rihoko Ueno, Erin Kinhart, Dr. Hsi-Yuan Chen, Dr. Sophy S.J. Chen, Ju-Chi Chen.

February 13, 2020

National collector Josh Franco moderated the US Latinx Art Forum business meeting at the College Art Association annual conference in Chicago.

March 11, 2020

Archivist Rayna Andrews gave a presentation and tour of the Archives to the Atlanta Curatorial Studies Collective, comprised of students from Morehouse and Spelman Colleges.

March 2020

Archivist Jennifer Neal helped organize the Archivist Roundtable of Metropolitan New Texas Representative Joaquin Castro speaks with the National Association of Latino Arts York’s contribution of $5,000 to the Society of American Archivists’ Archival Workers and Cultures Advocacy Leadership Institute, preceding a presentation from Archives’ Emergency Relief Fund in response to the impact of COVID-19. national collector Josh Franco, May 6, 2020. Events 2020 Annual Report Archives of American Art 9

June 16, 2020 August 31 – September 4, 2020

Archivist Rayna Andrews helped facilitate a discussion on safe and ethical The Association of Historians of American Art (AHAA) invited interim director Liza archival collecting organized by the Diversity and Inclusion Committee at Kirwin to take over their social media accounts for Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter. the Mid-Atlantic Regional Archives Conference. Dr. Kirwin provided 22 posts over five days, focusing exclusively on collections online, oral history transcripts online, and materials transcribed in the Smithsonian Transcription Center. June 19, 2020

For Juneteenth, the Archives’ social media team developed a day-long campaign Screenshot of the Association of to honor Black legacy and storytelling. On June 19 we flooded Facebook, Historians of American Art’s Instagram Instagram, and Twitter with quotes from our oral history interviews with African with one of 22 posts from the Archives, American artists ranging from Gordon Parks (1964) to David Driskell (2009), August 31 – September 4. releasing a new post every half hour between 9am and 4:30pm. We are proud of the depth of our primary sources for the study of African American art and proud of our oral history program, which preserves the voices of Black artists telling their life stories in their own words.

September 16, 2020

Interim director Liza Kirwin presented to more than 600 participants on the World War II diaries of George Leslie Stout as part of the “Reinventing the Posts from the Archives’ Juneteenth social media campaign, June 19, 2020. Monuments Men and Women for the 21st-Century Force” Zoom event sponsored by the Smithsonian Cultural Rescue Initiative. Panelists included Richard Kurin, Smithsonian distinguished scholar and ambassador-at-large; Colonel Andrew Scott DeJesse, Monument Man and 38G Program Director, Strategic Initiatives Group, U.S. Army Civil Affairs and Psychological Operations Command (Airborne); Brian I. Daniels, director of research and programs at the Penn Cultural Heritage Center; and Corine Wegener, director, Smithsonian Cultural Rescue Initiative.

LEFT: George Leslie Stout, Diary #2, October 11, 1944–June 14, 1945, including temporary duty orders granting access into restricted areas under the command of General Omar Bradley. George Leslie Stout papers, 1897–1978. Selection of Outside Publications that 2020 Annual Report Archives of American Art 10 Relied on the Archives’ Collections

Adamson, Glenn. Objects: USA 2020. New York: The Kries, Mateo and Jochen Eisenbrand, eds. Atlas Monacelli Press, 2020. of Furniture Design. Weil am Rhein: Vitra Design Museum, 2019. Berggruen, Gretchen and John, Alexander Berggruen, Olivier Berggruen, Steven Nash, and Lancioni, Daniela. Jim Dine. Rome: Quodlibet, 2020. Morgann Trumbull. Berggruen Gallery: 50 Years, Lovatt, Anna. “An Underground Economy: The 1970–2020. : Berggruen Gallery, Collection of Ruth Vollmer (1903–1982).” Journal 2020. of the History of Collections 32, no.3 (November Bird, Michael. Artists’ Letters: Leonardo Da Vinci 2020): 573–83. to David Hockney. London: White Lion Publishing, Nelson, Mark, William H. Sherman, and Ellen 2019. Hoobler. Hollywood Arensberg: Avant-Garde Cabib, Cintia, dir. and prod. Kindred Spirits: Artists Collecting in Midcentury L.A. Los Angeles: Getty Hilda Wilkinson Brown and Lilian Thomas Burwell. Research Institute, 2020. DVD, color, 27 min. Cintia Cabib Productions, Oldknow, Tina and William Warmus, eds. Venice Washington, DC, 2020. and American Studio Glass. Milan: Skira, 2020. Collins, Bradford R., Manuel Fontán del Junco, Inés Reece-Hughes, Shirley. Texas Made Modern: The Vallejo, and Beatriz Cordero, eds. The Irascibles: Art of Everett Spruce. College Station: Texas A&M Painters Against the Museum, New York, 1950. University Press, 2020. Madrid: Fundación Juan March, 2020. Rosen, Andrea P. with Christine Isabelle Oaklander. Goodyear, Anne Collins, Frank H. Goodyear III, and Wood Gaylor and American Modernism, 1913–1936. Michael K. Komanecky. At First Light: Two Centuries Burlington: Fleming Museum of Art, University of of Maine Artists, Their Homes and Studios. New Vermont, 2020. York: Rizzoli Electa, 2020. Janau Noerdlinger, Recalling Southern Hospitality, 1986, part of Shaykin, Rebecca. Edith Halpert: The Downtown Hermann, Michael Dayton. Andy Warhol: Love, the Cross Pollination project sponsored by the Woman’s Building. Gallery and the Rise of American Art. New Haven: Sex, and Desire, Drawings 1950–1962. Cologne: Woman’s Building records, 1970–1992. Yale University Press, 2019. Taschen, 2020. Hoek, Els. James Lee Byars: The Sage in the Tower. Rotterdam: Museum Boijmans Tigerman, Bobbye and Monica Obniski, eds. Welter, Volker M. Tremaine Houses: One Family’s Van Beuningen, 2020. Scandinavian Design and the United States, Patronage of Domestic Architecture in Midcentury 1890–1980. New York: Prestel, 2020. America. Los Angeles: Getty Research Institute, Iverson, Margaret. Ed Ruscha: Eilshemius & Me. New 2019. York: Gagosian/Rizzoli, 2020. Troncale, Anthony T., ed. Words on Pictures: Romana Javitz and the New York Public Library’s Wolanin, Barbara. Sam Feinstein, Group ’55, and Kate Menconeri, Julia B. Rosenbaum, Mindy N. Picture Collection. New York: Photo Verso Midcentury Abstraction in . Woodmere Besaw, and William L. Coleman. Cross Pollination: Publications, 2020. Art Museum, 2020. Heade, Cole, Church, and Our Contemporary Moment. Thomas Cole National Historic Site and Olana State Historic Site, 2020. Archives of American Art Publications 2020 Annual Report Archives of American Art 11

Archives of American Art Journal Guide to the Papers of African American Volume 59, Number 1, Spring 2020 Artists and Related Resources Volume 59, Number 2, Fall 2020 In January, the Archives completed a comprehensive Guide to the Papers In May, the journal was honored for its innovative design with placement of African American Artists and Related Resources. The guide provides in the Association of University Presses’ 2020 Book, Jacket, and Journal details on collections, lists relevant oral histories, and cites other important Show. In November, the journal received its second design award of the resources for the study of African American art in the context of our year: first prize in the 29th annual American Alliance of Museum’s Museum institutional history and mission. A PDF of the guide is available on the Publications Design Competition (magazines/scholarly journals category). Archives’ website. Loan Highlights 2020 Annual Report Archives of American Art 12

October 18, 2019–February 9, 2020 Edith Halpert and the Rise of American Art

ITEMS LENT: Photograph of Edith Halpert wearing a dress created using one of Charles Sheeler’s textile designs, and a sample of that fabric found in Sheeler’s papers.

VENUE: Jewish Museum, New York, NY.

November 2, 2019–September 13, 2020 Edward Hopper and the American Hotel

ITEMS LENT: Letters and postcards written by Edward and Josephine Hopper to dealer Frank Rehn from various hotels during their travels.

VENUES (Pre-COVID-19): Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, Richmond, VA, November 2, 2019–February 23, 2020; and Newfields: A Place for Nature & the Arts, Indianapolis, IN, June 4–September 13, 2020.

Extension due to COVID-19: Newfields, A Place for Nature CLOCKWISE FROM TOP LEFT: and the Arts, through October 15, 2020. 1 Photograph of Edith Halpert, circa 1940, wearing a knit fabric designed by Charles Sheeler. Photograph by Charles Sheeler. Downtown Gallery records, March 8, 2020–July 31, 2020 1824–1974.

2 Robert Smithson’s rattlesnake head Linda Nochlin: The Maverick She in a jar, undated. Robert Smithson and Nancy Holt papers, 1905–1987. ITEMS LENT: Letters, writings, and notes by Linda 3 Polly Thayer (Starr), sketch of insect Nochlin, photographs of Nochlin throughout her life, wings, undated. Polly Thayer (Starr) and other documents from the Linda Nochlin papers. papers, 1846–2008.

VENUE (Pre-COVID-19): National Museum of Women in the Arts, Washington, DC. Extension due to COVID-19: Through October 8, 2020. Loan Highlights 2020 Annual Report Archives of American Art 13

February 17, 2020–January 3, 2021 LEFT TO RIGHT:

1 Art Front, volume Vida Americana: Mexican Muralists 10, February 1936. Remake American Art, 1925–1945 Harold Baumbach papers, 1937–1976.

ITEMS LENT: The covers of Mexican Folkways, vol. 2 Ethical Culture 4, no. 4, 1928, illustrated by Diego Rivera, and the Camp Summer February 1936 issue of Art Front. Course certificate presented to Linda VENUE: Whitney Museum of American Art, New York, NY. “Lindy” Weinberg (Linda Nochlin), 1943. Linda Nochlin papers, circa 1876, 1937–2007.

February 14, 2020–September 6, 2020 Forrest Bess

ITEMS LENT: Sixty documents, including illustrated letters, photographs, exhibition catalogues and announcements, and Forrest Bess’ thesis on the March 28, 2020–July 31, 2020 September 15, 2020–January 15, 2021 concept of immortality. Wayfindings The Conference of Animals VENUES (Pre-COVID-19): Fridericianum, Kassel, Germany. Extension due to COVID-19: Through September 30, 2020. ITEMS LENT: A rattlesnake head in a jar from the ITEMS LENT: Childhood drawings by artists papers of Robert Smithson and Nancy Holt. including Philip Evergood, Reginald Marsh, and

VENUE (Pre-COVID-19): Addison Gallery of Modern Art, Andover, Louise Nevelson. March 12, 2020–November 7, 2021 MA, March 28, 2020–July 31, 2020. VENUE: Queens Museum, Queens, NY, September 15, 2020– Extension due to COVID-19: Through February 28, 2021. January 15, 2021. Andy Warhol

ITEMS LENT: Series of photographs of Andy Warhol from the Finch College Museum of Art’s 1972 Art in May 1, 2020–March 31, 2021 June 2, 2019–January 18, 2021 Process exhibition. Edge of Intersections: The Work David Park Retrospective VENUE (Pre-COVID-19): Tate Modern, London, UK, March 12, 2020–September 6, 2020; Museum Ludwig, Cologne, Germany, and Life of Polly Thayer ITEMS LENT: Sketchbook of figurative drawings October 10, 2020–February 21, 2021; Art Gallery of Ontario, by Elmer Bischoff, one of David Park’s peers. Toronto, Canada, March 27, 2021–June 13, 2021; and Dallas ITEMS LENT: Poems, correspondence, sketches, and Museum of Art, Dallas, TX, July 11, 2021–November 7, 2021. printed material from Polly Thayer (Starr) papers. VENUES: Modern Art Museum of Fort Worth, Fort Worth, TX, June Extension due to COVID-19: Extensions due to COVID-19: Tate 2–September 8, 2019; San Francisco Museum of Modern Art, San VENUE: Fruitlands Museum, Harvard, MA, May 1, 2020–March 31, Modern, through November 15, 2020; Museum Ludwig, December Francisco, CA, July 17–January 18, 2021. 2021. 10, 2020–April 18, 2021; Art Gallery of Ontario, May 22, 2021– September 6, 2021. Extension due to COVID-19: Through September 30, 2020. Acquisition Highlights 2020 Annual Report Archives of American Art 14

Allan Stone Gallery James Melchert papers, records, 1962–2019 1948–2019 (addition)

Emma Amos papers, Duane Michals papers, circa 1800–2019. circa 1940–2019 (addition) Jack Brogan papers, 1973–2012 (addition) papers, 1961–2019 Floyd Coleman papers, circa 1960–2018 George Leslie Stout papers, 1944–1946 Jerry Dreva papers, (addition) circa 1970–1997 Fred Truck papers, Allan Randall Freelon 1970–2019 papers, 1880–2005 Mierle Ukeles papers, Hananiah Harari circa 1960–2016 papers, circa 1940–2000 Consuelo Jimenez Hayden Herrera papers, Underwood papers, circa 1984–1995 1970–2019 Josine Ianco-Starrels Chuck Welch papers papers, 1960–2017 related to mail art, (addition) 1974–2019 Marva Marrow Woman’s Building photographs and records, 1986 (addition) papers relating to Inside the L.A. Artist, 1986–1988

CLOCKWISE FROM TOP LEFT:

1 Judith Schaechter, detail from sketchbook #11, January 1997–August 1999. Judith Schaechter papers, 1961–2019.

2 Letter from Shirley E. Johnson to James Melchert, April 5, 1999. James Melchert papers, 1950–2019.

3 Philip Aziz, preliminary sketch for sculpture Broken Wedge, 1974. Jack Brogan papers, 1968–2016. Oral History Highlights 2020 Annual Report Archives of American Art 15

Interviews Conducted “I really feel that this is a

Luis Camnitzer Martha Rosler transformational year, and Jim Dine Robert Whitman that the way we’re getting Yolanda M. López Tom Wudl Amalia Mesa-Bains there is not the way we would have expected.”

LITA ALBUQUERQUE PANDEMIC ORAL HISTORY PROJECT, 2020

Pandemic Oral History Project, Summer 2020

Lita Albuquerque John Corbett Lonnie Holley Sheila Pepe Cory Arcangel Lauren Cornell Nancy Hom Lillian Pitt LaTanya Autry Pepe Coronado Margaret Honda Gala Porras-Kim Billy Al Bengston Adriana Corral Alfredo Jaar Astrid Preston Jessie Benton Susan Delvalle Paul Ramírez Jonas Esteban Ramón Pérez Ed Bereal DEMI Kim Jones Wendy Red Star

Judith Bernstein Devon Dikeou Linda Lomahaftewa Al Rendon Participants in the Archives of American Art The Bobs Fred Eversley Erica Lord Dario Robleto Pandemic Oral History Project, Summer 2020. Mark Bradford RYAN! Elizabeth Feddersen Cannupa Hanska Luger Arturo Rodríguez Sonel Breslav Morgan Fisher Jeffrey Meris Moses Ros Consuelo Jimenez Tyrone Weedon and Cinthya Santos-Briones Chitra Ganesh Omar Mismar Juan Sánchez Underwood Stefan Bauschmid Nao Bustamante Rita Gonzalez Alessandra Moctezuma Matt Saunders Tam Van Tran James Welling Gabo Camnitzer Ken Gonzales-Day Nabil Mousa Ilana Savdie Ela Troyano Krzysztof Wodiczko Juan Capistran Guillermo Gómez-Péna Carrie Moyer Alisa Sikelianos-Carter Vincent Valdez Tom Wudl Terry Carbone Deana Haggag Caitlin Murray Julia Santos Solomon David Velasco Layqa Nuna Yawar Mary Ceruti Edgar Heap of Birds Rubén Ortiz Torres Jesse Treviño Jose Villalobos Bruce Yonemoto Lenore Chinn Cadex Herrera Laura Owens Kay Turner Kay WalkingStick Elyn Zimmerman Allana Clarke Sheila Hicks Trevor Paglen Collection Donors 2020 Annual Report Archives of American Art 16

Allan Stone Galleries Inc. The Renee and Chaim Gross Jonathan Oakleaf Foundation via Sasha Davis Emma Amos O’Toole Ewald Associates Diane Gunter via Elin Lake Ewald Steven Baldwin Frederick Hammersley Howardena Pindell Elena Bauer Foundation via Kathleen Laurence Porter Catherine Mehrl Bennett Shields Astrid Preston Harlan Berk Hayden Herrera L. R. Roberts Graham Boettcher Patricia Hills Judith Schaechter Stephen Bornemann Every Ocean Hughes Dee Shapiro Barbara Britton Kate Husar Joan Snyder Jack Brogan Oliver Lee Jackson Frances Swigart Steg Adrienne Maree Brown Consuelo Jiménez Underwood David Stone Sheila De Bretteville Paul Kagawa M. Lee Stone Rebecca Celentano Enid Klass Kathy Swan Ronald Christ Elissa Kline Athena Tacha Sandra Christenberry Janet Koplos Tina Takemoto Jennifer Coile Cal Kowal Geraldine King Tam Trust Floyd Coleman, Jr. ABOVE: Photograph of Allan via Cindy King Michael Kurcfeld Freelon (left) and fellow students Ed Colker Davol Tedder with teacher Hugh Henry Robert Kushner Kenneth Davis Breckenridge (second from left) Mary Temple Denise Lassaw circa, 1927. Allan Freelon papers, Romolo Del Deo Mark Thompson 1895–2008. Mimi Muray Levitt Claudia DeMonte Fred Truck LEFT: Photograph of Mary Corse. Ira Licht Mercedes Dorame Marva Marrow, photographer. Richard Tuttle John Loughery Marva Marrow photographs and Ligia Ercius-DiPaola Mierle Ukeles papers relating to Inside the L.A. Maier Museum of Art at Eiko Fan Artist, 1986–1988. Randolph College University of Southern Bruria Finkel California Libraries Marva Marrow John Fischbach Patrick Vida Jane Mason Don Fletcher Leah Vogel Sarah Greer Mecklem Nnenna and Maya Freelon James Wallace James Melchert Elaine Galen Chuck Welch Duane Michals Ben Goffe C. T. Woods-Powell Linda Mary Montano Shanna Goings Gail Reynolds Natzler Cynthia Goodman Maria Nevelson Susan Greenbaum Annysa Ng Donors 2020 Annual Report Archives of American Art 17

$500,000 or more $25,000–$49,999 $10,000–$24,999 $5,000–$9,999 Raymond Learsy $2,500–$4,999 Leon Levy Foundation Terra Foundation Mr. and Mrs. Norman R. Helen W. Drutt English Anonymous Anonymous for American Art Bobins, The Robert Thomas Elizabeth and Whitney Barbara G. Fleischman American Endowment Ms. Casey Bayles and Bobins Foundation MacMillan* Foundation Mr. William Jeffrey Mr. and Mrs. Leslie J. Garfield The Coby Foundation, Ltd., Constance C. McPhee, Jeffrey P. Cunard Beth Rudin DeWoody New York Annie Gawlak and PECO Foundation $50,000–$99,999 Samuel Gilliam, Jr. Susan Dunne, Pace Gallery Kathleen M. Doyle Karen Z. Gray-Krehbiel and George Frederick Mead John H. Krehbiel, Jr. Agnes Gund, AG Foundation Debra J. Force, Debra Force Merck and Ms. Lauren Layne Cary J. Frieze Amy G. Bermingham, Nina W. Fine Art, Inc. Werblow Charitable Trust Nicholas D. Lowry, The Kaplen Brothers Fund Dr. and Mrs. R. Perry Victoria McNeil Le Vine, Swann Auction Galleries in honor of Martha J. Dr. John Stuart Gordon Robinson, The Widgeon Point The Victory Foundation Martha J. Fleischman Fleischman Charitable Foundation Bridget Moore and Chris Susan and Henry Johnson Richard and Ronay Menschel, Mr. and Mrs. Eugene A. Kotowski Mr. David Seth Kotkin and Mr. Michael Rosenfeld and Charina Foundation, Inc. Gargaro, Jr. Linda Lichtenberg Kaplan Ms. Chloe Gosselin Ms. Halley Harrisburg Paul Neely and Dr. Louis D. Kaplan, Mr. Robert E. Meyerhoff Richard and Jane Manoogian Valerie Ann Leeds, Ph.D. Lichtenberg Family Ellen Phelan and Joel Foundation Wyeth Foundation for Amy Newman and Foundation Shapiro, The Joel Shapiro American Art Peter and Paula Lunder Bud Shulman Ms. Joyce F. Menschel, Foundation, Inc. The Elbrun and Peter Vital Projects Fund Inc. Marty O’Brien Kathleen O’Grady Kimmelman Family Ambassador Nicholas F. Adele S. Merck, John F.W. Rogers Foundation Taubman and Mrs. Eugenia L. Kate Prendergast Wells Family Foundation Taubman Diana Wege Evelyn Day Lasry, Two Palms Mr. and Mrs. William M. Ragland, Jr. Duane Wakeham Ms. Robin Zendell

Photograph of artists at the Phoenix Gallery, October 1985. Clockwise: Jerry Sims (with a cigarette), John Servetas, Blossom Esainko, James Martin, Marsha Dale, Ted Joans, Red Grooms, John Hoffer, Helen Daphnis-Avlon, Jay Milder, Irwin Feeminger, James Cuchiara, Karen Greenberg, and Edwin Jastram. Photograph by Jack Smith. Phoenix Gallery records, 1958–1962. Donors 2020 Annual Report Archives of American Art 18

$1,000–$2,499 Gloria Marchant Mr. Luis Croquer $250–$499 Mr. David G. Ober Katherine Degn, The Anonymous (3) Bridgewater Fund, Inc. Mr. Richard Armstrong and Janice C. Oresman Ms. Dorsey Waxter Peg Alston Mr. Anthony DiPietro Lee and Carol Orr, David Bjelajac Sidney Babcock and Orr Family Trust Mr. and Mrs. Daniel B. Jose Romeu Edelman Mr. and Mrs. S.P. Bohannan Janis Conner and Elizabeth C. Baker Joel Rosenkranz, Elizabeth and Anthony Philip and Lorraine Brewer Karole Dill Barkley Conner•Rosenkranz, LLC Enders Barbara C. Buenger Ann E. Berman and Mr. and Mrs. Peter L. Sheldon Steven R. Finley and Steven and Joy Bunson Daniel J. Feld Linda Stillman Mr. and Mrs. Andrew John William Butler, Jr. and Mr. and Mrs. Jason Burnett Sommers, Gerri and Andrew Karen Grinthal in honor John M. VanderLinden Sommers Family Fund of Martha J. Fleischman The Dedalus Foundation Mr. William Conger in Sotheby’s Ms. Sari Chang Guthrie honor of Liza Kirwin Ms. Laura Einstein Mr. Peter J. Stebbins Teri J. Edelstein and Mr. Robert Cozzolino Dr. Linda S. Ferber Neil Harris Mr. Wayne Thiebaud, Ms. Karen Davidson in honor Ms. Margaret Fisher Wayne Thiebaud Foundation Judy and Bob Huret of Leslie J. Garfield Dr. Vartan Gregorian in honor Mr. and Mrs. Hans Utsch in Megan Fox Kelly in honor Alice M. Denney of Barbara G. Fleischman honor of George Frederick of Kate Haw Mead Merck Mr. and Mrs. Brian Gross, Galerie Lelong & Co. Brian Gross Fine Art Janis Kay Ekdahl Mr. and Ms. William Meyer Kate Haw Joan Washburn, Jacqueline and Christian Ms. Claire O. O’Malley Erdman Dr. Susan Hobbs and Washburn Gallery Howardena Pindell Mr. Gerald Toner Evelene Wechsler, Mr. Filippo Fossati Letter from Joseph Cornell to Wayne Titia Hulst, Wechsler Foundation Mr. and Mrs. Robert L. Gregory Freeman Andrews, December 9, 1946. Letters from Poster in honor of Martha J. Joseph Cornell and related printed Strypemonde Foundation Corine Wegener Fleischman Mary Anne Goley material, 1946–1967. Judith G. and Steaven K. Candace King Weir, Dr. Patricia Hills and Jones, Steaven K. and Judith E. Bruce Robertson David and Candace Mr. Guy Kevin Whitfield G. Jones Foundation Weir Foundation Mr. and Mrs. Robert B. Ms. Deborah Hobler Stephen Mazoh and Martin Ms. Karen Smits Wolf Kahn* and Emily Rosowski Ms. Nina Yankowitz Kline, Stephen Mazoh & Co., Mason Kahn* Joseph and Lesley Hoopes Mr. Matthew Sperling Linda and Harvey Saligman, Inc. Mr. Thomas Keown The Linda and Harvey Dr. Catherine Lastavica Ms. Elizabeth W. Sterling Saligman Charitable Ms. Hattula Moholy-Nagy Liza Kirwin in honor Ms. Athena LaTocha Charles F. Stuckey Foundation Christine Isabelle Oaklander of Kate Haw $500–$999 Suzanne Lemakis Dr. Mark Thistlethwaite San Francisco Foundation Emily Rauh Pulitzer Richard and Allyn Kurin Anonymous (2) Carol LeWitt in honor of Glyn Vincent Mrs. Walter Scheuer Sheila Johnson Robbins* Mr. Douglas Lake Gilbert H. Kinney Ms. Aileen Agopian Jacqueline Vossler Ms. Elizabeth A. T. Smith Robert Holtz Robles Ms. Gyongy Laky Mary Lublin Mrs. George P. Bissell, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Kenneth Wallach Marion True and Patrick de Nancy Rosen Blackwood Glenn Ligon Ms. Camille Ann Brewer Maisonneuve in honor of Eykyn Maclean Barbara G. Fleischman Dr. and Ms. Harvey Sloane Evan and Sharon Lindquist Sarah Burns Ms. Roberta A. Mayer Gertrude de G. Wilmers Mr. Ko Smith Dr. Barry Thomas Malin Wendy M. Cromwell Donors 2020 Annual Report Archives of American Art 19

Less than $249 Rosa Esman Jim Herrington and Jane Opper David M. Sokol Alona Cooper Wilson Carol Camiener Mr. Gregory Farber Mark Ostrander Ms. Deborah Solomon Dr. Barbara A. Wolanin 126 West 11th LLC Erica E. Hirshler Sidney B. Felsen and Joni Mr. and Ms. Richard Panofsky Mr. Robert Solomon Mr. Stephen Yasinow Dr. Chiaki Ajioka Moisant Weyl, Gemini G.E.L. Ms. Margi Hofer Ms. Andrea Pappas Mr. Robert Jordan Spiller Dr. Judith K. Zilczer Ms. Carolyn S. Alper* Curtis Finch, Jr. Mr. Michael J. Horvitz Mr. and Ms. Grear Patterson Ms. Janine St. Germain Mr. and Mrs. William G. Ms. Arline M. Fisch Mr. Andrew Hottle Anthony Mr. and Mrs. Philip Pearlstein Mr. Robert Stanley John Fischbach in memory Elizabeth Hutchinson Ms. Ellen S. Flamm and Ms. Staci Steinberger Bequests Mr. and Mrs. Christopher of Marilyn Fischbach Nancy Iacomini Mr. R. G. Peterson Apgar Elizabeth Stillinger Mr. Robbert Flick and We remember with Ms. Kerry Inman, Deborah C. Pollack Georgia B. Barnhill Ms. Susan Rankaitis Mark W. Sullivan, Ph.D. appreciation the following Inman Gallery Drs. Ellen M. Pollak & generous donor whose gift Robert Benedetti and Kathleen Foster Ms. Marina Thouin in honor Mr. Peter Kayaras Nigel S. Paneth through a bequest from their Joan Benedetti of Constance Georgaklis Ms. Jacqueline Francis in estate was received this year. Mr. Christopher Ketcham Vernon Pouncey Julie and Henry Berkowitz memory of Helen Shannon Mr. Anthony Troncale Elizabeth H. Fuller in memory Miriam Kienle Nancy and Jim Reinish in Annette Blaugrund Susan Futterman Mr. Judd Tully of Josephine Raymond, honor of Linda Lichtenberg Richard T. Kiusalas Eloise O. Spaeth, and William Deborah B. Brown Lisa Garcia Kaplan and Bridget Moore Julia Van Haaften E. Woolfenden Ms. Susan W. Knowles in Nicole Buck, Leon Polk Ms. Joanna Gardner-Huggett Toby Reiter Mr. Ed Van Put Smith Foundation honor of Liza Kirwin Ed Gilbert, Dr. Susan Richmond Mr. Ronald Varney Nancy Koenigsberg *Deceased Peter C. Bunnell Anglim Gilbert Gallery Sydney Roberts Rockefeller Dr. Glenn Willumson Pam Koob Mr. Joe White and Mr. Roland F. Ginzel Ms. Nicole Rudick Dr. John Wilmerding Ms. Renee Butler Janet Koplos Joy Glass and Richard Ms. Dorothy Saxe William A. Camfield Milazzo Ms. Heidi I. Lange Ms. Judith Schaechter Mr. Alexander Chester Katherine Goodman, James Mr. and Mrs. Edwin Deane Ms. Christiane Citron Goodman Gallery and Leonard Ingrid Schaffner Jewish Communal Fund Ms. Joanne Leonard Mary Coxe Schlosser Eleanor Congdon of New York Ms. Lucy R. Lippard Mr. Leslie J. Schreyer Raymond M. Cracchiolo, Mr. Maurice W. Gregg Raymond M. and Jane E. Ms. Alexandra May and Ms. Susan Schwalb Ms. Kat Griefen Cracchiolo Foundation Inc. Dr. Salvador Salort-Pons Phil Serka Ms. Nancy Grinnell Melissa Rollenhagen Cristal Lance Mayer and Gay Myers Curtis Shappee Ms. Barbara Grossman Mr. Darryl J. Curran Curren McLane Mr. Harvey S. Shipley Miller George Gurney Ms. Ann M. Daly Rachel Middleman Shirley Ann and Stanford L. Mr. Bruce Hainley Lee Dalzell Mr. Donald R. Mullins, Jr. Sikov Lucy Harper Ms. Nancy Davidson Ms. Dina Murokh Suzanne Smeaton Helen A. Harrison Dr. and Mrs. Bernard Dehovitz Mrs. Nancy J. Naeve Mr. and Mrs. Robert H. Mr. and Mrs. Joseph A. Smith, Jr. Professor David C. Driskell* Gail Nanao Helman Alvin L. Snowiss Leslie Edwards Martha Nodine and Linda D. Henderson Dr. and Mrs. Charles C. Wright Nodine, Jr. Ms. Judith Sobol Photograph of James Melchert, undated. Eldredge Lloyd Herman James Melchert papers, 1950–2019. Supporting the Archives Sources of Funding 20 for Fiscal Year 2020

With your support, the Archives of Foundations & Corporations 3% American Art has become the largest Earned Income resource for the study of American art Foundations have long provided in the world, with millions of primary critical funding for many of our 4% most important projects, including sources that tell the stories behind Foundation Grants our nation’s great art and artists. digitization, public programs, and collecting initiatives. The Archives By preserving and providing access 33% 10% also relies on partnerships with the Smithsonian to these priceless documents, the Government corporate community, including Grants Archives serves as a rich and enduring Allocation source of knowledge about the history galleries, auction houses, and of the visual arts and culture in the art industry leaders. Together, United States, informing and engaging foundations and corporations enable scholars, art lovers, and inquisitive us to remain at the forefront of the minds from across the nation and field through financial support, event around the world. Your contributions sponsorship, and in-kind gifts. will ensure that our collections 20% continue to grow, inspire, and educate Endowments audiences now and for years to come. Planned Gifts Estate and life income gifts leave a lasting personal legacy at the Archives Individual Giving and offer valuable tax benefits for donors and their heirs. Those who Federal funding supports only 35% 30% of our annual budget. We rely on share with us that they have made a planned gift to benefit the Archives Current private donations to support and Use Gifts advance our mission. Contributors are recognized for their support may restrict their gift to a particular and invited for membership in the priority or project, while much-needed Smithsonian Legacy Society. unrestricted gifts provide flexible For more information, contact Sarah funding to help us respond quickly Bohannan at [email protected] to new opportunities and unforeseen or 202.633.4806. challenges. www.aaa.si.edu/support

Archives of American Art Office of Advancement P.O. Box 37012 MRC 937 Victor Building, Suite 2200 Washington, DC 20013-7012 Board of Trustees 2020 Annual Report Archives of American Art 21

Bridget Moore Trustees Emeriti Staff Rachel Larsen Chair Jessica Lockoscki Deborah Schmidt Robinson Max N. Berry, Esq. Liza Kirwin Interim Director Sarah Mundy Vice Chair Barbara G. Fleischman Jennifer Neal Susan I. Johnson Martha J. Fleischman Secretary Rayna Andrews Deloris Perry Dona S. Kendall George Apodaca Jacob Proctor Gilbert H. Kinney Stephanie Ashley Jessica Purkis Richard A. Manoogian Members Sarah Bohannan Toby Reiter Frank Martucci Elizabeth Botten Kirsi Ritosalmi-Kisner Karole Dill Barkley Nancy Brown Negley Marisa Bourgoin Emily Shapiro Amy Bermingham Janice C. Oresman Tanya Sheehan Virginia G. Bobins Lindsey Bright Sharon Shepard Tony Cummings Susan Cary Matthew Simms Susan Dunne Founding Trustees Eric Corbie Jennifer Snyder Helen W. Drutt English Nora Daniels Lawrence A. Fleischman Lewis Tio Debra J. Force Christopher DeMairo Mrs. Edsel B. Ford Rihoko Ueno Leslie J. Garfield Katy Donohue Edgar P. Richardson Vivian Vargas Karen Z. Gray-Krehbiel Poreia Duncan Bennie F. Johnson Thomas Edwards Linda Lichtenberg Kaplan Ryan Evans Ex Officio Evelyn Day Lasry Josh Franco Nicholas Lowry Lonnie G. Bunch III Ben Gillespie Secretary George Merck Smithsonian Institution Ricky Gomez Marty O’Brien Kevin Gover Michelle Herman Marica Vilcek Acting Under Secretary Elissa Jerome for Museums & Culture Carl Chew, inscribed artist-stamp sheet, “Souvenir,” 1995. Diana Wege Smithsonian Institution Jayna Josefson Chuck Welch papers relating to mail art, 1974–2019. Amy Zinck Erin Kinhart COVER

TOP ROW, LEFT TO RIGHT:

1 Photograph of Esther G. Rolick with self-portrait bust, 1941 (detail). Esther G. Rolick papers, 1940–1985.

2 Allan Freelon, sketchbook/notebook, circa 1932 (detail). Allan Freelon papers, 1895–2008.

3 Photograph of Titus Kaphar in his 11th Avenue studio, , 2008 (detail). Photograph by Jerry L. Thompson. Jerry L. Thompson papers, circa 1970–2016.

4 Ray Yoshida, pages from scrapbook of comics, circa 1960 – circa 2005 (detail). Ray Yoshida papers, circa 1895–2010.

5 Worden Day, page from her sketchbook, 1980–86 (detail). Worden Day papers, circa 1935–1992.

MIDDLE ROW, LEFT TO RIGHT: RESEARCH CENTERS EXHIBITION GALLERY 1 Color wheel, tempera with graphite annotations, circa 1930 (detail). papers, 1880–1997. Washington, DC Lawrence A. Fleischman Gallery 2 Prentiss Taylor, page from his photograph album #3, 1929–1939, 750 9th Street, NW and undated. Prentiss Taylor papers, 1885–1991. Victor Building, Suite 2200 Located in the Donald Washington, DC 20001 W. Reynolds Center for 3 Photograph of William P. Daley in his studio, a converted one- T: 202.633.7940 American Art and Portraiture car garage, at his home in Feasterville, PA, 1962. Photograph by Research: 202.633.7950 Smithsonian Institution Murray Weiss. William P. Daley papers, 1905–2004. 8th and F Streets, NW 4 Photograph of Jay DeFeo, 1976. Photograph by Mimi Jacobs. New York, NY Washington, DC 20001 Photographs of artists taken by Mimi Jacobs, photographer, 300 Park Avenue South 1971–1981. Suite 300 New York, NY 10010 AFFILIATED RESEARCH T: 212.399.5035 BOTTOM ROW, LEFT TO RIGHT: CENTERS 1 Photograph of Ursula von Rydingsvard working on URODA Amon Carter Museum in a fabricating studio, Greenpoint, Brooklyn, 2015 (detail). of American Art, Photograph by Jerry L. Thompson. Jerry L. Thompson papers, MAILING ADDRESSES Fort Worth, TX circa 1970–2016

U.S. Postal Service 2 William Beckman in his studio, Millbrook, New York, 2017. Boston Public Library, Photograph by Jerry L. Thompson. Jerry L. Thompson papers, Archives of American Art Boston, MA circa 1970–2016. Smithsonian Institution Victor Building, Suite 2200 de Young Museum, 3 Oscar Bluemner inventory of “motifs,” circa 1932. Oscar P.O. Box 37012, MRC 937 San Francisco, CA Bluemner papers, 1886–1939 Washington, DC 20013 4 Chiura Obata, sketch from Topaz, California, 1942 (detail). Huntington Library, Chiura Obata papers, 1891–2000. FedEx/UPS Art Museum, and Botanical Gardens, Archives of American Art San Marino, CA Smithsonian Institution All images are from the collections of the Victor Building, Suite 2200 Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution. 750 9th Street, NW Washington, DC 20001