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Solar System Exploration
Theme: Solar System Exploration Cassini, a robotic spacecraft launched in 1997 by NASA, is close enough now to resolve many rings and moons of its destination planet: Saturn. The spacecraft has now closed to within a single Earth-Sun separation from the ringed giant. In November 2003, Cassini snapped the contrast-enhanced color composite pictured above. Many features of Saturn's rings and cloud-tops now show considerable detail. When arriving at Saturn in July 2004, the Cassini orbiter will begin to circle and study the Saturnian system. Several months later, a probe named Huygens will separate and attempt to land on the surface of Titan. Solar System Exploration MAJOR EVENTS IN FY 2005 Deep Impact will launch in December 2004. The spacecraft will release a small (820 lbs.) Impactor directly into the path of comet Tempel 1 in July 2005. The resulting collision is expected to produce a small impact crater on the surface of the comet's nucleus, enabling scientists to investigate the composition of the comet's interior. Onboard the Cassini orbiter is a 703-pound scientific probe called Huygens that will be released in December 2004, beginning a 22-day coast phase toward Titan, Saturn's largest moon; Huygens will reach Titan's surface in January 2005. ESA 2-1 Theme: Solar System Exploration OVERVIEW The exploration of the solar system is a major component of the President's vision of NASA's future. Our cosmic "neighborhood" will first be scouted by robotic trailblazers pursuing answers to key questions about the diverse environments of the planets, comets, asteroids, and other bodies in our solar system. -
Nasa Langley Research Center 2012
National Aeronautics and Space Administration NASA LANGLEY RESEARCH CENTER 2012 www.nasa.gov An Orion crew capsule test article moments before it is dropped into a An Atlantis flag flew outside Langley’s water basin at Langley to simulate an ocean splashdown. headquarters building during NASA’s final space shuttle mission in July. Launching a New Era of Exploration Welcome to Langley NASA Langley had a banner year in 2012 as we helped propel the nation toward a new age of air and space. From delivering on missions to creating new technologies and knowledge for space, aviation and science, Langley continued the rich tradition of innovation begun 95 years ago. Langley is providing leading-edge research and game-changing technology innovations for human space exploration. We are testing prototype articles of the Orion crew vehicle to optimize designs and improve landing systems for increased crew survivability. Langley has had a role in private-industry space exploration through agreements with SpaceX, Sierra Nevada Corp. and Boeing to provide engineering expertise, conduct testing and support research. Aerospace and Science With the rest of the world, we held our breath as the Curiosity rover landed on Mars – with Langley’s help. The Langley team performed millions of simulations of the entry, descent and landing phase of the Mars Science Laboratory mission to enable a perfect landing, Langley Center Director Lesa Roe and Mark Sirangelo, corporate and for the first time made temperature and pressure vice president and head of Sierra Nevada Space Systems, with measurements as the spacecraft descended, providing the Dream Chaser Space System model. -
Will the Real Monster Black Hole Please Stand Up? 8 January 2015
Will the real monster black hole please stand up? 8 January 2015 how the merging of galaxies can trigger black holes to start feeding, an important step in the evolution of galaxies. "When galaxies collide, gas is sloshed around and driven into their respective nuclei, fueling the growth of black holes and the formation of stars," said Andrew Ptak of NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, lead author of a The real monster black hole is revealed in this new new study accepted for publication in the image from NASA's Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Astrophysical Journal. "We want to understand the Array of colliding galaxies Arp 299. In the center panel, mechanisms that trigger the black holes to turn on the NuSTAR high-energy X-ray data appear in various and start consuming the gas." colors overlaid on a visible-light image from NASA's Hubble Space Telescope. The panel on the left shows NuSTAR is the first telescope capable of the NuSTAR data alone, while the visible-light image is pinpointing where high-energy X-rays are coming on the far right. Before NuSTAR, astronomers knew that the each of the two galaxies in Arp 299 held a from in the tangled galaxies of Arp 299. Previous supermassive black hole at its heart, but they weren't observations from other telescopes, including sure if one or both were actively chomping on gas in a NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory and the process called accretion. The new high-energy X-ray European Space Agency's XMM-Newton, which data reveal that the supermassive black hole in the detect lower-energy X-rays, had indicated the galaxy on the right is indeed the hungry one, releasing presence of active supermassive black holes in Arp energetic X-rays as it consumes gas. -
The Most Dangerous Ieos in STEREO
EPSC Abstracts Vol. 6, EPSC-DPS2011-682, 2011 EPSC-DPS Joint Meeting 2011 c Author(s) 2011 The most dangerous IEOs in STEREO C. Fuentes (1), D. Trilling (1) and M. Knight (2) (1) Northern Arizona University, Arizona, USA, (2) Lowell Observatory, Arizona, USA ([email protected]) Abstract (STEREO-B) which view the Sun-Earth line using a suite of telescopes. Each spacecraft moves away 1 from the Earth at a rate of 22.5◦ year− (Figure 1). IEOs (inner Earth objects or interior Earth objects) are ∼ potentially the most dangerous near Earth small body Our search for IEOs utilizes the Heliospheric Imager population. Their study is complicated by the fact the 1 instruments on each spacecraft (HI1A and HI1B). population spends all of its time inside the orbit of The HI1s are centered 13.98◦ from the Sun along the the Earth, giving ground-based telescopes a small win- Earth-Sun line with a square field of view 20 ◦ wide, 1 dow to observe them. We introduce STEREO (Solar a resolution of 70 arcsec pixel− , and a bandpass of TErrestrial RElations Observatory) and its 5 years of 630—730 nm [3]. Images are taken every 40 minutes, archival data as our best chance of studying the IEO providing a nearly continuous view of the inner solar population and discovering possible impactor threats system since early 2007. The nominal visual limit- ing magnitude of HI1 is 13, although the sensitivity to Earth. ∼ We show that in our current search for IEOs in varies somewhat with solar elongation, and asteroids STEREO data we are capable of detecting and char- fainter than 13 can be seen near the outer edges. -
Neptune Polar Orbiter with Probes*
NEPTUNE POLAR ORBITER WITH PROBES* 2nd INTERNATIONAL PLANETARY PROBE WORKSHOP, AUGUST 2004, USA Bernard Bienstock(1), David Atkinson(2), Kevin Baines(3), Paul Mahaffy(4), Paul Steffes(5), Sushil Atreya(6), Alan Stern(7), Michael Wright(8), Harvey Willenberg(9), David Smith(10), Robert Frampton(11), Steve Sichi(12), Leora Peltz(13), James Masciarelli(14), Jeffrey Van Cleve(15) (1)Boeing Satellite Systems, MC W-S50-X382, P.O. Box 92919, Los Angeles, CA 90009-2919, [email protected] (2)University of Idaho, PO Box 441023, Moscow, ID 83844-1023, [email protected] (3)JPL, 4800 Oak Grove Blvd., Pasadena, CA 91109-8099, [email protected] (4)NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, [email protected] (5)Georgia Institute of Technology, 320 Parian Run, Duluth, GA 30097-2417, [email protected] (6)University of Michigan, Space Research Building, 2455 Haward St., Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2143, [email protected] (7)Southwest Research Institute, Department of Space Studies, 1050 Walnut St., Suite 400, Boulder, CO 80302, [email protected] (8)NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035-1000, [email protected] (9)4723 Slalom Run SE, Owens Cross Roads, AL 35763, [email protected] (10) Boeing NASA Systems, MC H013-A318, 5301 Bolsa Ave., Huntington Beach, CA 92647-2099, [email protected] (11)Boeing NASA Systems, MC H012-C349, 5301 Bolsa Ave., Huntington Beach, CA 92647-2099 [email protected] (12)Boeing Satellite Systems, MC W-S50-X382, P.O. Box 92919, Los Angeles, CA 90009-2919, [email protected] (13) )Boeing NASA Systems, MC H013-C320, 5301 Bolsa Ave., Huntington Beach, CA 92647-2099, [email protected] (14)Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corp., P.O. -
NASA Langley Research Center
National Aeronautics and Space Administration LANGLEY RESEARCH CENTER www.nasa.gov contents NASA is on a reinvigorated “path of exploration, innovation and technological development leading to an array of challenging destinations and missions. — Charles Bolden” NASA Administrator Director’s Message ........................................ 2-3 Exploration Developing a New Launch Crew Vehicle ................. 4-5 Aeronautics Forging Tomorrow’s Flight Today ............................... 6 NASA Tests Biofuels for Commercial Jets .................. 7 Science Tracking Dynamic Change ......................................... 8 Airborne Air-Quality Campaign Created a Buzz ........... 9 Systems Analysis Making the Complex Work ...................................... 10 Partnerships Collaborating to Transition NASA Technologies .......................................... 12-13 We Have Liftoff Two Launches Carried Langley Instruments into Space ..................................... 14-15 A Space Shuttle Tribute ........................... 16-17 Economics ................................................... 18-19 Langley People ........................................... 20-21 Outreach & Education .............................. 22-23 Awards & Patents ...................................... 24-26 Contacts/Leadership ...................................... 27 Virginia Air & Space Center ........................... 27 (Inside cover) Splashdown of a crew A conference room in Langley’s new headquarters capsule mockup in Langley’s new Hydro building uses -
Planetary Science
Mission Directorate: Science Theme: Planetary Science Theme Overview Planetary Science is a grand human enterprise that seeks to discover the nature and origin of the celestial bodies among which we live, and to explore whether life exists beyond Earth. The scientific imperative for Planetary Science, the quest to understand our origins, is universal. How did we get here? Are we alone? What does the future hold? These overarching questions lead to more focused, fundamental science questions about our solar system: How did the Sun's family of planets, satellites, and minor bodies originate and evolve? What are the characteristics of the solar system that lead to habitable environments? How and where could life begin and evolve in the solar system? What are the characteristics of small bodies and planetary environments and what potential hazards or resources do they hold? To address these science questions, NASA relies on various flight missions, research and analysis (R&A) and technology development. There are seven programs within the Planetary Science Theme: R&A, Lunar Quest, Discovery, New Frontiers, Mars Exploration, Outer Planets, and Technology. R&A supports two operating missions with international partners (Rosetta and Hayabusa), as well as sample curation, data archiving, dissemination and analysis, and Near Earth Object Observations. The Lunar Quest Program consists of small robotic spacecraft missions, Missions of Opportunity, Lunar Science Institute, and R&A. Discovery has two spacecraft in prime mission operations (MESSENGER and Dawn), an instrument operating on an ESA Mars Express mission (ASPERA-3), a mission in its development phase (GRAIL), three Missions of Opportunities (M3, Strofio, and LaRa), and three investigations using re-purposed spacecraft: EPOCh and DIXI hosted on the Deep Impact spacecraft and NExT hosted on the Stardust spacecraft. -
NASA Guidebook for Proposers, Appendix H
NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION (NASA) ********** GUIDEBOOK FOR PROPOSERS RESPONDING TO A NASA NOTICE OF FUNDING OPPORTUNITY (NOFO) Revised as of February 4, 2021 Effective as of February 15, 2021 TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface 1. Introduction to NASA’s Programs 2. Proposal Preparation and Organization 2.1 Submission Guidance 2.2 Submission Requirements and Restrictions 2.3 Notice of Intent (NOI) to Propose 2.4 Submission Process 2.5 Successor Proposals 2.6 Standard Proposal Style Format 2.7 Overview of Proposal 2.8 Required Proposal Elements 2.9 Certifications, Assurances, Representations and Sample Agreements 2.10 Proposal Summary/Abstract 2.11 Data Management Plan 2.12 Table of Contents 2.13 Scientific/Technical/Management Plan 2.14 References and Citations 2.15 Biographical Sketch 2.16 Current and Pending Support 2.17 Statements of Commitment and Letters of Resource Support 2.18 Proposal Budget with Budget Narrative and Budget Details 2.19 Facilities and Equipment 2.20 Table of Personnel and Work Effort 2.21 Special Notifications and/or Certifications 2.22 Assembly of Electronic Proposals 2.23 NASA Requirements for Uploaded PDF Files 3. Proposal Submission 3.1 NSPIRES Registration Requirements and Instructions 3.2 Submitting Proposals through NSPIRES 3.3 Submitting Proposals through Grants.gov 3.4 Other Submission Options 3.5 Proposal Receipt 4. Proposal Review and Selection 4.1 Administrative Review 4.2 Technical and Programmatic Review 4.3 Selection Based on Technical Merit 4.4 Budget, Cost Analysis and Financial 4.5 Withdrawal of Proposal 4.6 Proposal Rejected by NASA without Review 5. -
NASA Program & Budget Update
NASA Update AAAC Meeting | June 15, 2020 Paul Hertz Director, Astrophysics Division Science Mission Directorate @PHertzNASA Outline • Celebrate Accomplishments § Science Highlights § Mission Milestones • Committed to Improving § Inspiring Future Leaders, Fellowships § R&A Initiative: Dual Anonymous Peer Review • Research Program Update § Research & Analysis § ROSES-2020 Updates, including COVID-19 impacts • Missions Program Update § COVID-19 impact § Operating Missions § Webb, Roman, Explorers • Planning for the Future § FY21 Budget Request § Project Artemis § Creating the Future 2 NASA Astrophysics Celebrate Accomplishments 3 SCIENCE Exoplanet Apparently Disappears HIGHLIGHT in the Latest Hubble Observations Released: April 20, 2020 • What do astronomers do when a planet they are studying suddenly seems to disappear from sight? o A team of researchers believe a full-grown planet never existed in the first place. o The missing-in-action planet was last seen orbiting the star Fomalhaut, just 25 light-years away. • Instead, researchers concluded that the Hubble Space Telescope was looking at an expanding cloud of very fine dust particles from two icy bodies that smashed into each other. • Hubble came along too late to witness the suspected collision, but may have captured its aftermath. o This happened in 2008, when astronomers announced that Hubble took its first image of a planet orbiting another star. Caption o The diminutive-looking object appeared as a dot next to a vast ring of icy debris encircling Fomalhaut. • Unlike other directly imaged exoplanets, however, nagging Credit: NASA, ESA, and A. Gáspár and G. Rieke (University of Arizona) puzzles arose with Fomalhaut b early on. Caption: This diagram simulates what astronomers, studying Hubble Space o The object was unusually bright in visible light, but did not Telescope observations, taken over several years, consider evidence for the have any detectable infrared heat signature. -
Cosmic Evolution Through Uv Surveys (Cetus) Final Report
COSMIC EVOLUTION THROUGH UV SURVEYS (CETUS) FINAL REPORT Thematic Activity: Project (probe mission concept) Program: Electromagnetic observations from space Authors of Final Report: Jonathan Arenberg, Northrop Grumman Corporation Sally Heap, Univ. of Maryland, [email protected] Tony Hull, Univ. of New Mexico Steve Kendrick, Kendrick Aerospace Consulting LLC Bob Woodruff, Woodruff Consulting Scientific Contributors: Maarten Baes, Rachel Bezanson, Luciana Bianchi, David Bowen, Brad Cenko, Yi-Kuan Chiang, Rachel Cochrane, Mike Corcoran, Paul Crowther, Simon Driver, Bill Danchi, Eli Dwek, Brian Fleming, Kevin France, Pradip Gatkine, Suvi Gezari, Lea Hagen, Chris Hayward, Matthew Hayes, Tim Heckman, Edmund Hodges-Kluck, Alexander Kutyrev, Thierry Lanz, John MacKenty, Steve McCandliss, Harvey Moseley, Coralie Neiner, Goren Östlin, Camilla Pacifici, Marc Rafelski, Bernie Rauscher, Jane Rigby, Ian Roederer, David Spergel, Dan Stark, Alexander Szalay, Bryan Terrazas, Jonathan Trump, Arjun van der Wel, Sylvain Veilleux, Kate Whitaker, Isak Wold, Rosemary Wyse Technical Contributors: Jim Burge, Kelly Dodson, Chip Eckles, Brian Fleming, Jamie Kennea, Gerry Lemson, John MacKenty, Steve McCandliss, Greg Mehle, Shouleh Nikzad, Trent Newswander, Lloyd Purves, Manuel Quijada, Ossy Siegmund, Dave Sheikh, Phil Stahl, Ani Thakar, John Vallerga, Marty Valente, the Goddard IDC/MDL. September 2019 Cosmic Evolution Through UV Surveys (CETUS) TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION TO CETUS ................................................................................................................ -
Prelude To, and Nature of the Space Photometry Revolution
EPJ Web of Conferences 101, 0001(0 2015) DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20151010000 1 C Owned by the authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2015 Prelude to, and Nature of the Space Photometry Revolution Ronald L. Gilliland1,a Space Telescope Science Institute and Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, and Center for Exoplanets and Habitable Worlds, The Pennsylvania State University, 525 Davey Lab, University Park, PA 16802, USA Abstract. It is now less than a decade since CoRoT initiated the space photometry revo- lution with breakthrough discoveries, and five years since Kepler started a series of similar advances. I’ll set the context for this revolution noting the status of asteroseismology and exoplanet discovery as it was 15-25 years ago in order to give perspective on why it is not mere hyperbole to claim CoRoT and Kepler fostered a revolution in our sciences. Primary events setting up the revolution will be recounted. I’ll continue with noting the major discoveries in hand, and how asteroseismology and exoplanet studies, and indeed our approach to doing science, have been forever changed thanks to these spectacular missions. 1 Introduction I would like to start by thanking Rafa Garcia, Jer´ omeˆ Ballot and the Science Organizing Committee for inviting me to give the introductory talk at this conference. It is a great honor for me to do so. Of course we’re here to discuss the results that come from CoRoT and Kepler; these were French and American missions respectively with Annie Baglin as the PI for CoRoT and Bill Borucki as the PI for Kepler. -
NASA's Lunar Science Program
NASA’s Lunar Science Program Dr. Kelly Snook Lunar Program Scientist, Science Mission Directorate, NASA HQ Date: February 27, 2008 Overview of Lunar Activities Science Definition and Execution (HQ: SMD) – Strategic Planning – Research & Analysis Administration – Program Direction – Robotic Science Missions • Gravity Recovery And Interior Laboratory (GRAIL) • Lunar Atmosphere Dust Environment Explorer (LADEE) • International Lunar Network (ILN) Landers • International Robotic Science Instruments Operations (HQ: SOMD) – Operations Systems and Demonstrations, such as Communications The Lunar Environment Characterization (HQ: ESMD) – Support human Lunar landing design – Support for Lunar surface mobility and habitability – Cooperation with future mission of opportunity • Fly instruments for needed data • Technology demonstrations – Robotic Missions • Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) • Lunar Crater Observation and Sensing Satellite (LCROSS) Robotic Lunar Exploration “Starting no later than 2008, initiate a series of robotic missions to the Moon to prepare for and support future human exploration activities” - Space Exploration Policy Directive (NPSD31), January 2004 • Objectives: – Environmental characterization for safe access – Global topography and targeted mapping for site selection and safety – Resource prospecting and assessment of In-Situ Resource Utilization (ISRU) possibilities – Technology “proving ground” to enable human exploration Science Mission Directorate Lunar Activities • Lunar Missions and Instruments on Missions of Opportunity • Focused Research & Analysis (R&A) • NASA Lunar Science Institute • Lunar Science Conference Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (an Exploration Mission) • LRO is NASA’s first step in returning humans to the Moon. • Focuses on identifying safe landing sites, locates lunar resources, and studies how the lunar radiation environment will affect humans. • Will create the comprehensive atlas of the Moon’s features and resources necessary to design and build the lunar outpost.