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Exploring Boston's Religious History
Exploring Boston’s Religious History It is impossible to understand Boston without knowing something about its religious past. The city was founded in 1630 by settlers from England, Other Historical Destinations in popularly known as Puritans, Downtown Boston who wished to build a model Christian community. Their “city on a hill,” as Governor Old South Church Granary Burying Ground John Winthrop so memorably 645 Boylston Street Tremont Street, next to Park Street put it, was to be an example to On the corner of Dartmouth and Church, all the world. Central to this Boylston Streets Park Street T Stop goal was the establishment of Copley T Stop Burial Site of Samuel Adams and others independent local churches, in which all members had a voice New North Church (Now Saint Copp’s Hill Burying Ground and worship was simple and Stephen’s) Hull Street participatory. These Puritan 140 Hanover Street Haymarket and North Station T Stops religious ideals, which were Boston’s North End Burial Site of the Mathers later embodied in the Congregational churches, Site of Old North Church King’s Chapel Burying Ground shaped Boston’s early patterns (Second Church) Tremont Street, next to King’s Chapel of settlement and government, 2 North Square Government Center T Stop as well as its conflicts and Burial Site of John Cotton, John Winthrop controversies. Not many John Winthrop's Home Site and others original buildings remain, of Near 60 State Street course, but this tour of Boston’s “old downtown” will take you to sites important to the story of American Congregationalists, to their religious neighbors, and to one (617) 523-0470 of the nation’s oldest and most www.CongregationalLibrary.org intriguing cities. -
REV. DR. DAVID L. PALMER 6650 Spring Arbor Dr
REV. DR. DAVID L. PALMER 6650 Spring Arbor Dr. Mason, OH 45040 [email protected] EDUCATION Ph.D. New Testament Backgrounds, Hebrew Union College, Cincinnati, OH, 2010 Dissertation: The Philosophical Argument and Use of Scripture in 4 Maccabees Readers: Dr. Adam Kamesar and Dr. Richard Sarason M.Phil. Hebrew and Cognate Studies, Hebrew Union College, Cincinnati, OH, 2004 Hellenistic Civilization and Culture, University of Athens, Athens, GREECE, 2000 Th.M. Biblical Theology, Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary, South Hamilton, MA, 1999 Thesis: Matthew’s hermeneutical and theological appropriation of Zechariah 9:9 for the entrance of Jesus into Jerusalem Readers: Dr. Gregory K. Beale and Dr. Moisés Silva M.Div. Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary, South Hamilton, MA, 1997 B.A. History, Huntington University, Huntington, IN, 1992 L’Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, FRANCE, 1991 L’Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, CANADA, 1990 CURRENT POSITION Senior Pastor, Kenwood Baptist Church, Cincinnati, OH, 2012-present Adjunct Faculty in New Testament, Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary, 2012-present MINISTRY EXPERIENCE Senior Pastor, Kenwood Baptist Church, 2012-present Expository preaching ministry from both Old and New Testament Growing international congregation of 700 members with twenty native languages Extensive university ministry, especially to international and medical students Annual budget 1.2 million, last year total revenue 1.9 million Servant leadership with a gifted ministry team of twelve staff, men and women Associate Pastor, -
“It's Just Divorce”
Reformed Theological Seminary A JUST DIVORCE: Divorce That is Right and Just and Fair An Integrative Thesis Submitted to Dr. Howard Griffith In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts By John S. Weaver Mount Airy, Maryland May 2007 A JUST DIVORCE: Divorce That is Right and Just and Fair Copyright ©May 2007 by John S. Weaver All rights reserved ii Table of Contents Page Content v Abstract vi Abbreviations 1 Chapter One: INTRODUCTION: SANCTITY OF MARRIAGE 1 It’s Just Another Divorce 1 The Covenantal Character of Marriage 11 Chapter Two: ANCIENT PROLOGUE TO NEW TESTAMENT TEACHING: BIBLICAL AND CULTURAL BACKGROUND 11 Introduction 12 Old Testament Background 16 Ancient Near East 16 Sumerian Law – Ur-Nammu Law Code and Laws of Lipit-Ishtar (Twenty-first and Nineteenth Century BCE) 17 Old Babylanian: Laws of Eshnunna and Code of Hammurabi (Nineteenth and Eighteenth Century BCE) 19 Hittite Laws: Old Hittite Kingdom (Seventeenth to Sixteenth Century BCE) 21 Middle Assyrian Laws: Tilgath-Pilser (Eleventh Century BCE) 23 Neo-Babylonian Laws (Seventh Century BCE) 23 Elephantine (Upper Egypt) (Fifth Century BCE) 27 Distinctions Between Mesopotamian and Israel Law 28 Mishnah 30 Roman and Greek Marriage 34 Chapter Three: DIVORCE: IS IT PERMISSIBLE? 34 Jesus and the Rabbinical Debate: Rabbis Hillel and Shammai 36 The Synoptic Gospels 42 Paul’s Authoritative Teaching 47 Chapter Four: IS REMARRIAGE ALLOWED? 48 Writings from the Early Church 48 The Shepherd of Hermas 49 Justin Martyr 51 Athenagoras 52 Tertullian 54 Clement of Alexandria 54 Origen 55 Jerome 55 Chrysostom iii Page Content 56 Augustine 58 Roman Catholic: Sacrament of Marriage 59 The Reformation: John Calvin’s Geneva 65 The Puritans 66 Conclusion 67 Chapter Five: A JUST DIVORCE PROPOSAL 67 Introduction: A Just War Analogy 69 1. -
Freedom Trail N W E S
Welcome to Boston’s Freedom Trail N W E S Each number on the map is associated with a stop along the Freedom Trail. Read the summary with each number for a brief history of the landmark. 15 Bunker Hill Charlestown Cambridge 16 Musuem of Science Leonard P Zakim Bunker Hill Bridge Boston Harbor Charlestown Bridge Hatch Shell 14 TD Banknorth Garden/North Station 13 North End 12 Government Center Beacon Hill City Hall Cheers 2 4 5 11 3 6 Frog Pond 7 10 Rowes Wharf 9 1 Fanueil Hall 8 New England Downtown Crossing Aquarium 1. BOSTON COMMON - bound by Tremont, Beacon, Charles and Boylston Streets Initially used for grazing cattle, today the Common is a public park used for recreation, relaxing and public events. 2. STATE HOUSE - Corner of Beacon and Park Streets Adjacent to Boston Common, the Massachusetts State House is the seat of state government. Built between 1795 and 1798, the dome was originally constructed of wood shingles, and later replaced with a copper coating. Today, the dome gleams in the sun, thanks to a covering of 23-karat gold leaf. 3. PARK STREET CHURCH - One Park Street, Boston MA 02108 church has been active in many social issues of the day, including anti-slavery and, more recently, gay marriage. 4. GRANARY BURIAL GROUND - Park Street, next to Park Street Church Paul Revere, John Hancock, Samuel Adams, and the victims of the Boston Massacre. 5. KINGS CHAPEL - 58 Tremont St., Boston MA, corner of Tremont and School Streets ground is the oldest in Boston, and includes the tomb of John Winthrop, the first governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. -
Women in Hebrew and Ancient Near Eastern Law
Studia Antiqua Volume 3 Number 1 Article 5 June 2003 Women in Hebrew and Ancient Near Eastern Law Carol Pratt Bradley Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/studiaantiqua Part of the Near Eastern Languages and Societies Commons BYU ScholarsArchive Citation Bradley, Carol P. "Women in Hebrew and Ancient Near Eastern Law." Studia Antiqua 3, no. 1 (2003). https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/studiaantiqua/vol3/iss1/5 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Studia Antiqua by an authorized editor of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Women in Hebrew and Ancient Near Eastern Law Carol Pratt Bradley The place of women in ancient history is a subject of much scholarly interest and debate. This paper approaches the issue by examining the laws of ancient Israel, along with other ancient law codes such as the Code of Hammurabi, the Laws of Urnammu, Lipit-Ishtar, Eshnunna, Hittite, Middle Assyrian, etc. Because laws reflect the values of the societies which developed them, they can be beneficial in assessing how women functioned and were esteemed within those cultures. A major consensus among scholars and students of ancient studies is that women in ancient times were second class, op- pressed, and subservient to men. This paper approaches the subject of the status of women anciently by examining the laws involving women in Hebrew law as found in the Old Testament, and in other law codes of the ancient Near East. -
Download a Pdf File of This Issue for Free
Issue 92: America’s 20th Century Evangelical Awakening A New Evangelical Awakening: Did You Know? Interesting and Little Known Facts about America's Mid Century Evangelical Resurgence "Mr. Evangelical" One of the most important 20th-century shapers of modern evangelicalism was a man whose name is unknown to most evangelicals today: Harold John Ockenga (AH-ken-gay). During his lifetime Ockenga served as founder and first president of the National Association of Evangelicals; president of the American Board of the World Evangelical Fellowship; president, co—founder, and later Chairman of the Board of Fuller Theological Seminary; Chairman of the Board of CHRISTIANITY TODAY magazine; a member of the board of the Billy Graham Evangelistic Association; pastor of historic Park Street Church in Boston for more than three decades; and the founding president of Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary. His remarkable oratorical skills and visionary speeches made him evangelicalism's most trusted voice for decades. Billy Graham, whose fame has now eclipsed his mentor, claimed that he never made a major decision in his life without first consulting Ockenga. [See America's Hour Has Struck for more about Ockenga.] —contributed by Garth Rosell Election redirection The New Evangelicals were determined to infuse the public square—including the political arena‐ with the truths of Christianity. In the midst of the 1952 presidential campaign, a group of Christians led by former Youth for Christ president Torrey Johnson held their own "campaign" on the heels of the Democratic National Convention in Chicago in an attempt to spark discussion of spiritual issues. "We feel the time has come when the entire nation should pray for guidance in the coming elections," Johnson said. -
Of Prayerdays
50of PrayerDays SUMMER 2019 PRAYER GUIDE “Now this is the confidence we have before Him: Whenever we ask anything according to His will, He hears us. And if we know that He hears whatever we ask, we know that we have what we have asked Him for.” I John 5:14–15 Leadership “The Holy Spirit comes when He is cried for, sighed for and prayed for.” Karl Barth & Facilities DAY 1 BOARD OF ELDERS o That they prioritize prayer as a Board, seeking the Holy Spirit at all times in their decision making. o That the Spirit of unity will continue to draw our leaders and congregation together. o For wisdom to shepherd our congregation effectively in this season. DAY 2 MINISTERS & STAFF o That they will keep their eyes on God and be wise in leading God’s people. o That they will keep a vibrant, intimate love for Christ, seeking the daily filling of the Spirit from which to serve. o That they will beware of the temptation to rely on their own strength, and keep healthy boundaries for their personal and family life. DAY 3 SENIOR MINISTER SEARCH COMMITTEE o For the committee to sense the Lord’s leading and the strength of the Holy Spirit in their lives. o That every member would pray fervently for the Holy Spirit’s wisdom and support as they begin their deliberations. o That we as a congregation will commit to praying regularly for spiritual protection for the committee and their families. DAY 4 OPERATING COMMITTEES o Thank God for all who are willing to serve on these committees (Fi- nance & Administration, Personnel, Nominating, etc.) and pray that more will serve. -
COLLECTION 0062: Harold John Ockenga: Presidential Papers, 1929-1977 Fuller Seminary Archives and Special Collections
Fuller Theological Seminary Digital Commons @ Fuller List of Archival Collections Archives and Special Collections 2017 COLLECTION 0062: Harold John Ockenga: Presidential Papers, 1929-1977 Fuller Seminary Archives and Special Collections Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.fuller.edu/findingaids Part of the Higher Education Commons, and the Missions and World Christianity Commons Recommended Citation Fuller Seminary Archives and Special Collections, "COLLECTION 0062: Harold John Ockenga: Presidential Papers, 1929-1977" (2017). List of Archival Collections. 4. https://digitalcommons.fuller.edu/findingaids/4 This Finding Aid is brought to you for free and open access by the Archives and Special Collections at Digital Commons @ Fuller. It has been accepted for inclusion in List of Archival Collections by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Fuller. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Archives, Rare Books and Special Collections David Allan Hubbard Library Fuller Theological Seminary COLLECTION 62: Harold John Ockenga: Presidential Papers, 1929-1977 Administrative Information Title: Harold John Ockenga: Presidential Papers, 1929-1977 Collection Identifier: CFT00062 Creators: Ockenga, Harold John, 1905-1985 Size: 2 Boxes, 1 linear foot Repository: David Allan Hubbard Library Fuller Theological Seminary 135 N Oakland Ave Pasadena, CA 91182 [email protected] Provenance: Audio recordings from Fuller’s Media Services (ATC) Conditions Governing Access/Restrictions: Scholarly use with parameters of copyright law Language: English Processing: Nancy Sanders Gower Finding Aid Revisions: December 2017 by Alyson Thomas Biography Harold John Ockenga (June 6, 1905 – February 8, 1985) was a leading figure of 20th century American evangelicalism, a leader in the reform movement known as "Neo-Evangelicalism." A Congregational minister, Ockenga served for many years as pastor of Park Street Church in Boston, Massachusetts. -
JESUS' COVENANT of GRACE with the CHURCH a PREVIEW in Part
COVENANT THEOLOGY PART 4 - JESUS’ COVENANT OF GRACE WITH THE CHURCH A PREVIEW In Part 4 we see that, because Jesus is the successful Servant of God the Father's Covenant of Works with God the Son, Jesus becomes the Lord and Mediator of another covenant...a Covenant of Grace with the Church! RESOURCES This series of lectures is based on and in many instances taken directly from the works of Meredith Kline, Lee Irons, Gordon Hugenberger, Rick Lints and many conversations with pastor friends and fellow covenant theologians. A REVIEW We’re going to begin where we left off in Gen 3. Specifically Gen 3:14-21. This is the announcement, the promise of salvation right after the fall. And this good news for us comes as a declaration of war against our enemy, the devil, and as a pronouncement, as a prophecy of our enemy’s defeat by another Adam. And the crux of the prophecy is in v.15 with this bruising or striking or crushing of the serpent’s head AND the heel of the woman’s offspring. These are death blows to the devil and this Second Adam BUT they will mean salvation for God’s people. The First Adam failed to fulfill his Covenant of Works between him and God. So God the Father makes another Covenant of Works with a Second Adam = God the Son. Second Adam’s work: 1) doing what First Adam failed to do in resisting and judging the devil and fathering a people AND 2) giving up his life = dying and paying the penalty for Adam’s and for our disobedience. -
In 1 Timothy 2?
[MJTM 10 (2008–2009) 3–21] WHO IS THE “WOMAN” IN 1 TIMOTHY 2? John R. Master Philadelphia Biblical University, Langhorne, PA and Jonathan L. Master Capital Bible Seminary, Lanham, MD Introduction No passage of Scripture has engendered more debate regarding women in ministry than 1 Timothy 2. Although it does not speak directly to the question of female ordination, it has often been used in that regard. But it seems that some basic questions may not have received the attention they deserve. Framework for This Discussion Thomas Schreiner, in a book edited with Andreas Köstenberger, explores two of the options regarding 1 Timothy 2 and the implications of some of these options: What is meant by the word gunai=kaj in verse 9 and throughout the rest of this passage? Does it refer to women in general, or more specifically to wives? If it refers to wives both here and in subsequent verses, then women are not forbidden from teaching publicly in church. They are merely prohibited from teaching and exercising authority over their husbands.1 Elsewhere, various other questions have been asked about this text. The nature of “exercising authority” has been argued at length and, in our opinion, convincingly, in the volume edited by 1. Schreiner, “Interpretation of 1 Timothy 2:9–15,” 92–93. Note that gunh/, gunai=kej, gunai=ka, and gunai=kaj used in this article are all case forms of the same Greek word. 4 McMaster Journal of Theology and Ministry 10 Porter and Carson.2 Another of the major disagreements relates to the question of the normative nature of 1 Timothy 2.3 Some, such as Stendahl, would argue that Gal 3:28 needs to be under- stood as the determinative text, with 1 Timothy 2 and others reflecting the incorrect biases of the apostle Paul.4 In this regard, it is also useful to note the categories into which Hoch divides his selected bibliography on the subject: non-evangelical egali- tarian, evangelical egalitarian, and hierarchicalist. -
Women in Church Office: Hermeneutics Or Exegesis? a Survey of Approaches to 1 Tim 2:8-15
JETS 35/3 (September 1992) 341-360 WOMEN IN CHURCH OFFICE: HERMENEUTICS OR EXEGESIS? A SURVEY OF APPROACHES TO 1 TIM 2:8-15 GORDON P. HUGENBERGER* It has become commonplace in recent scholarship to acknowledge the determinative role of hermeneutics in the discussion of the Scriptural right of women to hold church office.1 Even if I was competent to do so, in the present study it is not my concern to address the larger issues raised by women's ordination or feminism. My concern, rather, is to demonstrate that while the crucial role of hermeneutics is not to be denied, the current discussion still appears to be vexed all too frequently by an assumed but perhaps faulty exegesis of the relevant Biblical texts. As an illustration of this point the present essay will consider 1 Tim 2:8-15, generally conceded to be the most forceful of the handful of NT passages that appear to oppose the right of women to hold church office.2 For convenience I will begin with a summary of what may be called the "traditional" exegesis of 1 Tim 2:8-15. Following this I will analyze four alternative hermeneutical approaches to this widely held exegesis, which, it turns out, reflect alternative assessments of Paul's use of the example of Adam and Eve. Finally I will offer my own exegesis of the passage and seek to demonstrate that all four alternative approaches err by failing to note that Paul cites Adam and Eve precisely because his concern in this text is not with male-female relationships in general but with the husband-wife marital relationship in particular. -
The Southern Baptist Journal of Theology Biblical Perspectives Editor-In-Chief: on Marriage and Family R
Vol. 6 · No. 1 Spring 2002 The Southern Baptist Journal of Theology Biblical Perspectives Editor-in-Chief: on Marriage and Family R. Albert Mohler, Jr. Executive Editor: Editorial: Thomas R. Schreiner Daniel L. Akin 2 Marriage and the Family Editor: William A. Heth Thomas R. Schreiner 4 Jesus on Divorce: Book Review Editor: How My Mind Has Changed Chad Owen Brand Associate Editor: Gordon Wenham Brian J. Vickers 30 Does the New Testament Approve Assistant Editor: Remarriage after Divorce? Randall K. J. Tan Thomas R. Schreiner Advisory Board:Timothy K. Beougher 46 William J. Webb’s Slaves, Women & Homosexuals: Daniel I. Block A Review Article John B. Polhill Peter Balla Thom S. Rainer Child-Parent Imagery in the Catholic Epistles Esther H. Rothenbusch 66 Mark A. Seifrid Leigh E. Conver Mark E. Simpson 78 Marriage as a Spiritual Discipline Design: Jared Hallal Daniel L. Akin Editorial Office & Subscription Services: Sermon: The Beauty and Blessings of the Christian Bedroom SBTS Box 2388 94 Song of Solomon 4:1-5:1 2825 Lexington Rd. Louisville, KY 40280 (800) 626-5525, x4413 104 The SBJT Forum: Issues Relating to the Family Editorial E-Mail: [email protected] 114 Book Reviews Yearly subscription costs for four issues: $20, individual inside the U. S.; $30, ATLA Religion Database on CD-ROM, published by the American Theological individual outside the U. S.; $35, institutional inside the U. S.; $45, institutional Library Association, 250 S. Wacker Dr., 16th Flr., Chicago, IL 60606, E-mail: outside the U. S. Opinions expressed in The Southern Baptist Journal of Theology [email protected], WWW: http://atla.com/.