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Proceedings of the Indiana Academy of Science

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Proceedings of the Indiana Academy of Science List of Extirpated, Endangered, Threatened and Rare Vascular Plants in Indiana: An Update James R. Aldrich, John A. Bacone and Michael A. Homoya Indiana Department of Natural Resources Indianapolis, Indiana 46204 Introduction The status of Indiana's rarest vascular plants was last revised in 1981 by Bacone et al. (3). Since that publication much additional field work has been undertaken and accordingly, our knowledge of Indiana's rarest plant species has greatly increased. The results of some of this extensive field work have been discussed by Homoya (9) and Homoya and Abrell (10) for southern Indiana and by Aldrich et al. (1) for northern Indiana. Wilhelm's (17) discussion on the special vegetation of the Indiana Dunes Na- tional Lakeshore has also provided us with a much clearer understanding of the status of rare, threatened and endangered plants in northwest Indiana. Unfortunately, the number of species thought to be extinct in Indiana has more than tripled. Previous reports (2, 3) indicated that 26 species were extirpated in In- diana. The work that has been conducted to date leads us to believe that as many as 90 species may be extirpated. Without a doubt, the single factor most responsible for this extirpation has been and continues to be, the destruction of natural habitat. Compilation and Selection Criteria Lists of Bacone and Hedge (2), Bacone et al. (3), Barnes (4), Crankshaw (5) and Crovello (6) were consulted and provide the foundation for this report. New additions to this list include state records discovered since Deam (7) and a number of recommen- dations from field botanists. An effort has been made to better define each of the state categories. Extirpated refers to species that have not been seen in Indiana for over 50 years and for which the site(s) where it occurred historically has been field surveyed. In only a couple of instances were species for which no extant sites are known listed as endangered. In these cases the historic sites for the species had not been adequately surveyed. En- dangered refers to a species that is known from 1 to 5 extant sites. Threatened species are known from 6 to 10 sites and Rare species are known from 11 to 20 sites. A species was "dropped" from the previous list (2) if it is known from over 20 extant sites. Nomenclature Nomenclature, with a few exceptions, follows Gleason and Cronquist (8). These exceptions include the genera Platanthera and Coeloglossum and the species Spiran- thes magnicamporum and S. ochroleuca, which follow Luer (12). Carex atlantica subsp. atlantica, C.a. subsp. capillacea and C. echinata follow Reznicek and Ball (13) and Oxalis illinoensis follows Schwegman (14). The following species follow Kartesz and Kartesz (11): Acalypha deamii, Amelanchier humilis, Botrychium biternatum, Carex socialis, Cimicifuga rubifolia, Comptonia peregrina, Dryopteris celsa, Erysimum capitatum, Gentiana alba, Hemicarpha drummondii, Lycopodium porophilum, Penstemon deamii, Potamogeton pusillus, Proboscidea louisianica, Ranunculus lax- icaulis, Rudbeckia fulgida var. deamii, R.f. var. palustris, Sagittaria australis, Solidago deamii and Viburnum trilobum. Where we have nomenclatural differences for the taxa in Table 1 with Deam (7), and/or Swink and Wilhelm (15), we have included synonymy and an initial denoting 413 414 Indiana Academy of Science Vol. 95 (1986) the source ("D" for Deam, and "S" for Swink and Wilhelm). Also in Table 1, species new to the Indiana flora that have been discovered since the revision by Bacone et al. (3) are noted by "*", and a "#" notes species under review for federal status (17). Table 1 . List of extirpated, endangered, threatened and rare vascular plants in Indiana. Extirpated Aconitum uncinatum L. Linnaea borealis L. (L. borealis americana, D) Adlumia fungosa (Ait.) Greene Lonicera canadensis Marsh. Anemone caroliniana Walt. Ludwigia decurrens Walt. Arabis drummondii Gray. Ludwigia glandulosa Walt. HAsclepias meadii Torr. Melothria pendula L. Asplenium x Kentuckiense McCoy. Muhlenbergia capillaris (Lam.) Trin. ftAstragalus tennesseensis Gray. Myriophyllum pinnaturn (Walt.) BSP. (M. Aureolaria grandiflora (Benth.) Pennell var. pulchra scabratum, D.) Pennell (Gerardia grandiflora pulchra, S.) Oenothera triloba Nutt. Berberis canadensis Mill. Onosmodium molle Michx. var. hispidissimum Betula populifolia Marsh. (Mack.) Cronq. (O. hispidissimum, D.) Botrychium mullifidum (Gmel.) Rupr. var. Oryzopsis pungens (Torr.) Hitchc. intermedium (D.C. Eat.) Farw. (B. mullifidum Panicum longifolium Torr. silai/olium, D.) Panicum lucidum Ashe. Botrychium simplex E. Hitch. Penstemon tubaeflorus Nutt. Bumelia lycioides (L.) Pers. Phlox ovala L. Cabomba caroliniana Gray. ttPlatanthera teucophaea (Nutt.) Lindley (Habenaria Callirhoe triangulata (Leavenw.) Gray. leucophaea, D.) Carex cumulata (Bailey) Mackenzie. Platanthera orbiculata (Pursh) Lindley (Habenaria Carex scabrata Schw. orbiculata, D.) Carex styloflexa Buck. Poa cuspidata Nutt. Ceanothus herbaceus Raf. (C. ovatus, D., S.) Psilocarya nitens (Vahl.) Wood. Circaea alpina L. ttPsoralea stipulata T. & G. Cirsium virginianum (L.) Michx. Pyrola secunda L. Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronq. var. pusilla (Nutt.) Pyrola virens Schweig. (P. chlorantha, D.) Cronq. (Erigeron pusillus, D.) Rudbeckia fulgida Ait. var. palustris (Eggert) Corallorhiza trifida Chat. var. verna (Nutt.) Fern. Perdue (/?. palustris, D.) (C. trifida, D.) Rudbeckia fulgida Ait. var. umbrosa (Boynton and Cuscula cuspidata Engelm. Beadle) Cronq. (R. umbrosa, D.) Cyperus acuminatus Torr. & Hook. Sabatia campanulata (L.) Torr. (S. c. gracilis, D.) Eriophorum spissum Fern. Sagitlaria australis (J.G. Sm.) Small. Euphorbia serpens HBK Scleria reticularis Michx. var. pubescens Britt. Fesluca paradoxa Desv. (S. setacea, D.) (S. muhlenbergii, S.) Gentiana villosa L. Scutellaria saxatilis Riddell. Glyceria grandis S. Wats. Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. Gymnopogon ambiguus (Michx.) BSP. Solidago buckleyi T. & G. Halesia Carolina L. Sorbus decora (Sarg.) C. K. Schneid. Hemicarpha drummondii Nees. (F., D.) Stachys clingmanii Small. Hibiscus lasiocarpos Cav. Stipa comata Trin. and Rupr. Hippuris vulgaris L. NTomanthera auriculata (Michx.) Raf. Hypericum frondosum Michx. Trautvetteria caroliniensis (Walt.) Vail. Juncus militaris Bigel. Trifolium reflexum L. var. glabrum Lojac. Juncus secundus Beau v. lf*Trifolium stoloniferum Eat. Lactuca ludoviciana (Nutt.) Riddell. Trillium cernuum L. var. macranthum A.J. Eames Lechea slricla Legett. and Wieg. Lemna perpusilla Torr. Utricularia resupinata B.D. Greene. Lemna valdiviana Philippi (L. cyclostasa, D.) Veronica americana (Raf.) Schw. Lespedeza stuevei Nutt. Viola hirsutula Brainerd. Ligusticum canadense (L.) Britt. Endangered Androsace occiden talis Pursh. (A. viridis deamii, D.) Arabis patens Sulliv. Aralia hispida Vent. ft Arabis missouriensis Grene. var. deamii M. Hopkins Arenaria patula Michx. Plant Taxonomy 415 Table 1.—Continued Arelhusa bulbosa L. Crataegus kelloggii Sarg. 'Asplenium bradleyi D.C. Eat. Crataegus prona Ashe. Asplenia m monlanum Willd. Crotonopsis elliptica Willd. 'Asplenium resiliens Kunze. Cyperus den tatus Torr. Asplenium ruta-muraria L. (A. cryptolepis, D.) Cyperus pseudovegetus Steud. It Aster furcatus Burgess. Dentaria multifida Muhl. Aster oblongifolius Nutt. Dicliptera brachiata (Pursh) Spreng. (includes A. oblongifolius rigidulus, D.) (Diapedium brachialum, D.) Baptisia austral is (L.) R. Br. *Dryopteris celsa (Wm. Palmer) Small. 'Bartonia paniculata (Michx.) Muhl. Dryopteris clintoniana (D.C. Eat.) Dowell. HBesseya bullii (Eat.) Rybd. (Fulfenia buUii, S., F.) (D. cristata clintoniana, D.) Bidens beckii Torr. (Megalodonta beckii, D.) Echinodorus cordifolius (L.) Griseb. Botrychium biternatum (Sav.) Underw. (B. dissectum Eleocharis equisetoides (Ell.) Torr. tenuifolium, D.) Eleocharis geniculata (L.) R. & S. Botrychium matricariifolium A. Br. Eleocharis melanocarpa Torr. Buchnera americana L. Eleocharis microcarpa Torr. (£. microcarpa filiculmis Calla palustris L. D.) Calycocarpum lyoni (Pursh) Gray. Eleocharis wolfii Gray. Carex alopecoidea Tuckerm. Equisetum variegatum Schlcich. Carex arctata Boott. Eriocaulon septangulare With. Carex alherodes Spreng. Eupatorium incarnatum Walt. Carex atlantica L.H. Bailey subsp. atlantica (C. Fimbristylis caroliniana (Lam.) Fern. incomperta, D.) (/\ puberula, D., F. drummondii, S.) Carex atlantica L.H. Bailey subsp. capillacea (L.H. Fuirena pumila Torr. Bailey) Reznicek (C. howei, D.) Gaura ftlipes Spach. Carex bushii Mackenzie. Genliana alba Muhl. (G. flavida, D.) Carex chordorrhiza L. Geranium bicknellii Britt. Carex conoidea Schk. Gerardia gattingeri Small. Carex crav/ei Dewey. Gerardia skinneriana Wood. Carex disperma Dewey. Gewm r/vfl/e L. Carex echinata Murray, Prod. Stirp. Gott. (C. Gledilsia aquatica Marsh. laricina, D.) Glyceria acutiflora Torr. Carex flava L. Glyceria borealis (Nash) Batchelder. Carex follicular a L. * Heliotropium tenellum (Nutt.) Torr. Carex gigantea Rudge. Hexalectris spicata (Walt.) Barnh. Carex gravida Bailey. Hottonia inflata Ell. Carex leptonervia Fem. Hydrocotyle americana L. Carex limosa L. Hypericum adpressum Bart. Carex nigromarginata Schw. Hypericum denticulalum Walt. Carex pseudo-cyperus L. lliamna remota Greene. Carex retrorsa Schw. Isoetes engelmanni A. Br. Carex richardsonii R. Br. *lsoetes melanopoda Gay and Durieu. Carya pallida (Ashe) Engl. & Graebn. •//«? virginica L. Carya texana Buckl. (C. buckleyi arkansana, D.) Juncus scirpoides Lam. Chaerophyllum procumbens (L.) Crantz var. shortii Lathyrus
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