Special Libraries, February 1936
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San Jose State University SJSU ScholarWorks Special Libraries, 1936 Special Libraries, 1930s 2-1-1936 Special Libraries, February 1936 Special Libraries Association Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/sla_sl_1936 Part of the Cataloging and Metadata Commons, Collection Development and Management Commons, Information Literacy Commons, and the Scholarly Communication Commons Recommended Citation Special Libraries Association, "Special Libraries, February 1936" (1936). Special Libraries, 1936. 2. https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/sla_sl_1936/2 This Book is brought to you for free and open access by the Special Libraries, 1930s at SJSU ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Special Libraries, 1936 by an authorized administrator of SJSU ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Official Organ of the Special Libraries Association Special Libraries "Putting Knowledge to Work " Statistical Reference Work . Linda H . Morby 35 Part I . Specifications Affecting Statistical Data Rooks of 1935 That Have Proved Useful to Us . Marguerite Bwnett 38 Imported Books in Special Libraries .....Margaret N . Smith 41 Conference News ...............42 Work in the Science Museum Library ..II . Philip Spratt 43 A Short Cut for Libraries in Investment Houses . Mildred A . Lee 48 Correction .................49 President's Page ................50 When Business Uses the Library . Rebecca B . Rankin 51 What the College or Institutioli Expects of Its Departmental Libraries .............Karl L . Wildes 53 Snips and Snipes ...............55 Publications of Special Interest ............56 Periodicals Directory 1935 .............58 Duplicate Exchange Committee ...........59 Group Officers .................64 Indexed in lndustrisl Arts Index and Public Affair$ Information Service FEBRUARY 1936 VOLUME 27 NUMBER 2 SPECIAL LIBRARIES MARIANC. MANLEY,Editor Vol. 27, No. 2 -. February, 1936 Statistical Reference Work By Linda H. Morlcy LIBRARIAN,INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS COUNSELORS Part I. Specifications Affecting Statistical Data PECIAL librarians in almost all in mind. For instance, the same statistics S types of organizations are asked for may be published in several places, that statistics both in their own fields and in is, figures compiled by one organization others. The search for quantitative data may be reprinted in one or more journals is generally pleasurable because the re- or books. In some cases, the complete quest can be specific; but it is also often table is reprinted but more often only elusive because there is such variety of sections of it are shown. Government form and manner of presentation of statistics are constantly quoted in this statistical information. It is obvious, way. In searching for certain figures, the however, that in order to be useful in a fact that quoted statistics may be a given situation statistics must conform selection only, suggests that the original to one, and usually several, definite sources may give figures in the form . specifications. desired although the quoted tables do Although special librarians are familiar not. For this reason as well as for pur- with the varying forms of statistical poses of accuracy it is preferable to use presentation and the different types of the original source. quantitative data, it may be of interest Because statistics required for business to assemble the fundamental factors in purposes generally have to conform to regard to the form and use of statistics, such definite specifications the librarian from the point of view of the librarian, will save himself both time and chagrin and in particular from the angle of the if he knows the principal possible forms searcher for statistics, in order that a and varieties of statistics so that he can groundwork may be laid for a reasoned secure from the inquirer at the outset approach to the problem of finding sta- the exact specifications to which such tistical facts and with the hope that more statistics must conform to be useful in search procedures in different subject each particular case. It is disconcerting fields may be formulated. to the librarian and detrimental to the library's prestige to find some figures Variations in Statistical Presenta- after several hours' search, let us say, tion Important Factors in Reference and on giving them to the inquirer to be Work met with the statement, "Oh, but these In meeting requests for statistical in- figures are by months and I need them by formation and in cataloging sources of weeks," or "We need the figures in statistics needed by his organization, the dollars, not in tons.'' Such things should, business librarian keeps certain points and can, be avoided if the business 36 SPECIAL LIBRARIES Vol. 27, No. 2 librarian knows the principal forms and numerical data can be supplied. Figures variations in which statistical data may can likewise be translated into charts appear, thinks through far enough when if the services of a draftsman are the request is made, or goes back to the available. inquirer, to get all the limitations and Date and Period specifications that the conditions de- mand, and any possible alternatives. Figures are compiled for standard For no other type of request is it so neces- periods, as weeks, months, years, etc., sary to get limits set in advance of but they may represent either totals or search, by obtaining answers to the averages for such periods. It is obvious questions in the well known formula - that weekly and monthly statistics ordi- "What? When? Where? and Why?" narily may not be used interchangeably, At least an elementary knowledge of since they cannot be converted from one statistical method is almost essential in to the other accurately (at least not until many special libraries. Business librari- the 13-month year comes into use!). On ans find it greatly to their advantage to the other hand, weekly and yearly, or secure such-knowledge either by reading monthly and yearly, data may be used or by taking a formal course in the sub- together readily by conversion from one ject if they have not previously done so. to the other, if yearly figures are to be Some of the more important factors of used. which the librarian needs to be aware Other figures represent conditions as are outlined in succeeding paragraphs. of a specific date and, of course, are not comparable with either totals or aver- Form of Presentation ages for definite periods. Such statistics Statistical data appear in several as stock on hand of different commodi- forms: Actual figures; Charts or graphs; ties, or deposits in different classes of Index numbers. To what extent data in banks, are generally given as of Decem- these three forms may be used inter- ber 31, whereas rates of exchange on the changeably depends upon the purposes franc, let us say, may be for a specific for which they are needed and on the date or an average for any specified person who requires them. For instance, period. Accident data may be for the if a person wants to know the total pro- total number in given periods, or an duction of lead in the United States by average for such periods, or may be in months for a given year, a chart which the form of frequency or severity rates. shows this information with exactness will be as serviceable as the actual Units of Measure figures. The scale of many charts is too Units of measure in great variety are srnaIl to obtain exact figures, however. employed, but most of them fall into one Should index numbers to show trend in of the following classes: price of automobile tires be wanted, Units of time,as days, hours, etc. actual figures will scarcely serve because Units of value, as dollars, pounds there are many sizes and kinds of tires, sterling, etc. and figures for one kind would not be Units of-puanlity, as tons, gallons, so indicative; yet if the information is watts, etc. wanted by a statistician, or there is a In meeting requests, the desired unit statistical department in the organiza- of measure should be ascertained, but it tion, and it is worth the work, an index should be realized that conversion from number can be constructed if sufficient one unit to another is sometimes possible February, 1936 SPECIAL LIBRARIES 37 by simple, sometimes only by difficult, periodicals print figures for two consecu- calculation; but in other cases conversion tive months or weeks in each issue, alter- is not possible at all. Therefore, if data in nate issues may be discarded; or when the desired units are not found, others figures for the same periods in the should be considered with this point in previous year are printed in each issue, mind. alternate years may be disposed of, and If statistical questions are often re- so forth. ceived, it may be advantageous to indi- In cataloging, distinction should be cate the unit of measure as part of the made between current sources which catalog entry. generally give but slight comparative data, frequently one other figure only, or Classification sometimes none, and compilations cover- Tables and charts are generally broken ing more or less extended periods, since down into divisions. The basis of such requests may be for the latest figures breakdown varies according to the appli- available or for data covering a number cation, but some of the most frequently of years. used types of subdivisions are: It is frequently true that for statistics Geographic, i.e., by country, state, prepared by government bodies, compila- etc. tions are issued for varying periods, often Industries as metal industry, auto- annually or sometimes at longer or irregu- mobile industry, etc. lar periods. This makes for ease of use Occupations as carpenter, clerk, etc. and often allows current publications to Sex be discarded. Such compilations do not Age always give as complete data as the Size current publication, therefore the satis- If in calculating statistical data the factoriness of such compilations for the basis of subdivision decision is indicated particular library must be considered.