Fish, Feather, Fur and Forest: Exploitation of Wild Animals in Medieval Novgorod and Its Territory
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The German 290Th Infantry Division at Demyansk by Henning Nagel and Vance Von Borries
The German 290th Infantry Division at Demyansk By Henning Nagel and Vance von Borries During September 1941 the summer advance into the Soviet Union by German Army Group North had largely ended. In the north, units of the Army Group’s 18th Army laid siege to Leningrad while to the east and south they stood against Soviet efforts to relieve the great siege. To the south, 16th Army entered the Valday Hills region, taking Demyansk on September 8th thereby securing Army Group North’s southern flank and establishing a link with its neighbor, Army Group Center. By the end of November the 16th Army conducted little more than local actions and the campaign in the area settled in to static warfare. The main German effort had shifted south to Army Group Center in front of Moscow. Yet, as Army Group Center began to close around Moscow, it too lost momentum and shifted to the defensive. Then the Soviets struck. What began as a limited counter-offensive against Army Group Center in December grew by January 1942 into a general strategic offensive that threatened to expel the Germans from much of the Soviet Union. Practically all German divisions in Russia were caught up in the winter campaign and at times each would find itself thrown back on its own resources. Little else would be available. In the Demyansk/Valday area all German divisions worked together and each played an important role, sometimes critical, in withstanding the Soviet tide. The story of the 290th illustrates how these divisions held together. The 290th Infantry Division (ID), part of 16th Army’s X.Army Corps in the Valday region, had been formed in March and April 1940 in the Munsterlager Troop Maneuver Area from newly trained north German personnel. -
Divisions (Part IV) (Divisions 22-57)
GUIDES TO GERMAN RECORDS MICROFILMED AT ALEXANDRIA, VA, No. 64. Records of German Field Commands: Divisions (Part IV) (Divisions 22-57) The National Archives National Archives and Records Service General Services Administration Washington: 1970 This finding aid has been prepared by the National Archives as part of its program of facilitating the use of records in its custody. The microfilm described in this guide may be consulted at the National Archives, where it is identified as Microfilm Publication T315. Those desiring to purchase microfilm should write to the Publications Sales Branch, NARS, GSA, Washington, DC 20408. Some of the papers reproduced on the microfilm referred to in this and other guides of the same series may have been of private origin. The fact of their seizure is not be- lieved to divest their original owners of any literary property rights in them. Anyone, therefore, who publishes them in whole or in part without permission of their authors may be held liable for infringement of such literary property rights. GUIDES TO GERMAN RECORDS MICROFILMED AT ALEXANDRIA, VA. No. 64-. Records of German Field Commands-. Divisions (Part IV) (Divisions 22-57) The National Archives National Archives and Records Service General Services Administration Washington: 1970 P R E C E The Guides to German Records Microflined at Alexandria, VaV 1943, and occupation duty and antipartisan warfare in the Bal- constitute a series of finding aids describing National Archives kans, from 1941 to 1945. microfilm that reproduces seized records of German central, re- gional, and local government agencies, and of military commands The provenance to which each record item is attributed is the and units, as well as of the Nazi Party, its formation, affili- unit .headquarters that created it (i.e., kept it on file , al- ated associations, and supervised organizations. -
Cultural and Landscape Zoning in the North-West Russia Manakov, Andrei G.; Andreev, Alexander A
www.ssoar.info Cultural and landscape zoning in the North-West Russia Manakov, Andrei G.; Andreev, Alexander A. Veröffentlichungsversion / Published Version Zeitschriftenartikel / journal article Empfohlene Zitierung / Suggested Citation: Manakov, A. G., & Andreev, A. A. (2011). Cultural and landscape zoning in the North-West Russia. Baltic Region, 4, 109-116. https://doi.org/10.5922/2079-8555-2011-4-14 Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Dieser Text wird unter einer CC BY-NC-ND Lizenz This document is made available under a CC BY-NC-ND Licence (Namensnennung-Nicht-kommerziell-Keine Bearbeitung) zur (Attribution-Non Comercial-NoDerivatives). For more Information Verfügung gestellt. Nähere Auskünfte zu den CC-Lizenzen finden see: Sie hier: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.de Diese Version ist zitierbar unter / This version is citable under: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0168-ssoar-328492 Ye. Yu. Chernyshev EHTNOCULTURAL DIFFERENTIATION OF TERRITORIES UDK 911.53 (470.2) This research was conducted in the frame- CULTURAL work of cultural geography — a relatively re- AND LANDSCAPE ZONING cent field of geography. This article considers the problems of geographical study of cultural IN THE NORTH-WEST landscapes of the North-West Russia, which in- RUSSIA cludes Saint Petersburg, the Leningrad, Nov- gorod, Pskov, and Kaliningrad regions. This article sets out to develop and test the methodology for historical and cultural A. G. Manakov zoning at the mesogeographical level. The research and practical significance * A. A. Andreev of the work lies in the identification of the fea- tures of formation of cultural landscapes in the North-West Russia, which can be used for the development of schemes of protection and rational management of territorial cultural and historical heritage. -
E.N. Nosov NEW DATA on the RYURIK GORODISHCHE NEAR
Fennoscandia archaeoiogica IV (1987) E.N. Nosov NEW DATA ON THE RYURIK GORODISHCHE NEAR NOVGOROD Abstract The article deals with materials from the new excavations of the Ryurik Gorodishche near the town of Novgorod. In the course of the 9th-10th centuries AD the site was an important centre of trade and craftsmanship, as well as a military-administrative centre in the Lake limen' area, situated at the crossing of the Baltic-Volga route and that from the Varagians to the Greeks. The material culture of the site contains a clear assem blage of objects of Scandinavian origin, alongside artefacts attributable to the Slavs. The residence of the Novgorod princes was founded at the Ryurik Gorodishche in the 9th-10th centuries AD; it is well attested by written sources beginning with the 12th century. Evgenij N. Nosov, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad Branch of the Insti tute of Archaeology, Dvortzovaya nab. 18, 191041 Leningrad, USSR. Novgorod, the centre of Northern Russia, was Lake limen. On the other side of the Volkhov founded to the north of Lake limen at the there is the St. George and the former Arkazhi sources of the River Volkhov, one of the most monastery. St. Sophia's dome shines to the fascinating historical regions of the ancient Nov right, the Kremlin fringes the river like a brown gorod Land. Archaeological investigations laun band. A group of white churches can be dis ched by Artemy Artsikhovsky, a prominent cerned on the Torgovaya side. From the hill one Soviet archaeologist, in 1932 shed new light on sees Lyadka, Volotovo, the St. -
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The European Proceedings of Social & Behavioural Sciences EpSBS ISSN: 2357-1330 https://doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2019.12.05.49 MTSDT 2019 Modern Tools for Sustainable Development of Territories. Special Topic: Project Management in the Regions of Russia VEGETABLE RESOURCES MONITORING AS THE REGION’S RAW MATERIAL BASE EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT TOOL Ya. M. Abdushaeva (а)*, O. V. Shtro (b), A. V. Vetkina (c) *Corresponding author (a) Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, ul. B. St. Peterburgskaya, 41, Veliky Novgorod, Russia, [email protected] (b) Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, ul. B. St. Peterburgskaya, 41, Veliky Novgorod, Russia, [email protected] (c) Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, ul. B. St. Peterburgskaya, 41, Veliky Novgorod, Russia, [email protected] Abstract In accordance with the needs of the national economy, the state sets itself a number of long-term goals and main tasks in the field of reproduction and use of the mineral resource base of the regions, preservation and development of the resource potential of the Russian territories. In recent years, a number of important strategic planning and forecasting documents have been adopted in Russia that determine the strategy for effective management of the raw material base and the formation of mechanisms for improving measures to restore the natural environment, reclamation of land and plant resources. The strategic goal of developing the raw material base of the regions, taking into account the policy of resource conservation, is to overcome environmental risks and threats, taking into account the solution of the problems of economic and energy security, create conditions for sustainable socio- economic development and provide resources for Russian territories. -
Fish, Feather, Fur and Forest: Exploitation of Wild Animals In
Our reference: JQI 6175 P-authorquery-v9 AUTHOR QUERY FORM Journal: JQI Please e-mail your responses and any corrections to: E-mail: [email protected] Article Number: 6175 Dear Author, Please check your proof carefully and mark all corrections at the appropriate place in the proof (e.g., by using on-screen annotation in the PDF file) or compile them in a separate list. Note: if you opt to annotate the file with software other than Adobe Reader then please also highlight the appropriate place in the PDF file. To ensure fast publication of your paper please return your corrections within 48 hours. For correction or revision of any artwork, please consult http://www.elsevier.com/artworkinstructions. Any queries or remarks that have arisen during the processing of your manuscript are listed below and highlighted by flags in the proof. Location Query / Remark: Click on the Q link to find the query’s location in text in article Please insert your reply or correction at the corresponding line in the proof Q1 Please provide an abstract for this article. Q2 Please provide 0 to 6 keywords for this article. Q3 The citations ‘Bolotova et al., 2010; Khoroshev and Sorrokin, 1992’ have been changed to match the author name/date in the reference list. Please check here and in subsequent occurrences, and correct if necessary. Q4 Please check the header of Tables 6 and 8 and correct if necessary. Q5 Please update Savinetsky, in press. Q6 Please confirm that given names and surnames have been identified correctly. -
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DEMYANSK 1942–43 The frozen fortress ROBERT FORCZYK ILLUSTRATED BY PETER DENNIS © Osprey Publishing • www.ospreypublishing.com CAMPAIGN • 245 DEMYANSK 1942–43 The frozen fortress ROBERT FORCZYK ILLUSTRATED BY PETER DENNIS Series editor Marcus Cowper © Osprey Publishing • www.ospreypublishing.com CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 5 CHRONOLOGY 10 OPPOSING COMMANDERS 12 German Soviet OPPOSING FORCES 19 German Soviet Order of battle OPPOSING PLANS 29 German Soviet THE DEMYANSK CAMPAIGN 33 The Soviet Winter Counteroffensive, January 1942 Closing the Demyansk pocket, February 1942 The airlift, February–May 1942 The siege of Kholm, January–May 1942 The German relief operations, March–May 1942 The battle of the Ramushevo corridor, May–October 1942 The end game, November 1942 to February 1943 AFTERMATH 90 THE BATTLEFIELD TODAY 92 FURTHER READING 94 INDEX 95 © Osprey Publishing • www.ospreypublishing.com Situation, right wing of Heeresgruppe Nord, 6 January 1942 XX Supply bases 126 XXXXX German strong point XXX Novgorod Luga XXXVIII Army Group Partisan activity Chappuis lkhov XX Vo 305 XX 250 XX II Spanish 225 VOLKHOV I 203 XXXXX Novgorod ORTH-WESTERN XXXX N Reserve I II 11 Borovichi V III X Lake X X XX NORD POL X X Il’men X X 84 Kresttsy Shimsk XX XXXXX II Vzvad 182 Soltsy 290 XX XX North-western XX 188 254 11 X Staraya Russa XX X XXXX 290 X Tulitovo 180 X 34 XX 16 XX Lychkovo Valdzy 18 202 III 3 XX XXXX XXX Pola Pola XX Bologoye 174 81 26 2 X 30 XX 34 XX 163 Dno Airfield Hansen Ramushevo SS XX XX Totenkopf 12 245 XX Lake Zeluch’ye 32 Vel‘yo XX XXX 241 Demyansk 34 Vyshniy II XXXX Volochek X X Brockdorf- XX Ahlefeldt XXXII 23 20 XXXX t 33 3 Marevo XX Shock XX XX Lova Lake 360 N XXXX R 281 123 Seliger257 E (-) Kholm 4 T SEC XX S Ostashkov Shock X X XXXXX 4 358 X 6 XX TH-WEX ININ X L Kalinin 249 R A K 332 XX X NO 334 21 XXXX 22 Peno 22 II XX Vo XX Loknya lg N 16 SS 253 a 179 XXXX39 X XXXX XX 186 XX XXX9 III 5 102 178 39 189 81 Andreapol XXX XX Toropets 1 XXIII 206 Schubert X SS Fegelein (-) Velikiye Luki XXX VI Rzhev 0 25 miles Olenino Bieler XXXX 0 25km 9 Strauss 1 189. -
The River Systems of Eastern Europe and Their Role in the Formation of Towns and the Russian State
Evgenij Nosov 175 THE RIVER SYSTEMS OF EASTERN EUROPE AND THEIR ROLE IN THE FORMATION OF TOWNS AND THE RUSSIAN STATE Evgenij Nosov Institute of the History of Material Culture, Russian Academy of Sciences In the history of states, together with ethnic, One of the most important factors which we social, political, and economic factors, an impor- must keep in mind when studying the natural con- tant role belonged to the geographic and topo- ditions of Eastern Europe is its thick forests. All graphic features of the regions especially in the watershed territories between the rivers at the early stages of the formation of territories. In the end of the first millennium A.D. were covered with history of Russia they played a particularly signi- woods and bogs, stretching for hundreds of kilo- ficant role. First of all, the early Russian state was metres. Written sources of the 12th -16th centuries formed on a vast territory. Slavic tribes in the contain much information about forests and bogs, second half of the first millennium A.D. occupied which divided Russian lands and very often were an area of approximately 700,000 square kilome- impenetrable in summer. One of the greatest tres. The distance between Novgorod and Kiev, woods, mentioned in the Primary Russian Chroni- the two main centres of the state, is about 1,000 cle, was “Okovskii wood”, in which began such km (Fig.1). The proximity to the sea was in all times of great importance for the economic and political history of different nations. Most of the early states in Western Europe had a long coastli- ne. -
Finno-Ugrian Hydronyms of the River Volkhov and Luga Catchment Areas
SUSA/JSFOu 93, 2011 Pauli RAHKONEN (Lahti) Finno-Ugrian hydronyms of the River Volkhov and Luga catchment areas "!" !"$"B !w!$ !!;$?B? !;"B of the formants of hydronyms, the distribution of Chud toponyms and the names of large !9"!^$ $! ;$ 1. Preface """">w- " '++M&&++Z$?B""" !$?" concentrated on the material assumed to be Finno-Ugrian. "$ article, “The Linguistic Background of the Ancient Meshchera Tribe and Principal Areas of Settlement” !Finnisch-Ugrische Forschungen 60 (2009). In this article, the boundaries of the ancient settlements of the Meshchera tribe and their !$"The South-Eastern Contact Field of the Finnic Languages. Its goal is primarily to describe the linguis- ;B;<= =>="$1 Furthermore, I attempt to trace as far as possible the languages and settlements of the vanished and poorly researched Finno-Ugrian tribes of the Upper Volkhov and Luga area. ? ? ! ;" chronicles. In Section 2, I present the topic of investigation and its history. Section ,BB!!" !B- & ;wB^B>B;B@BB w>$;<=="B """$ª?R =<&~CC?"$ 206 $?'";- !;""w!$ In Section 5, I analyse the (topo)formants of the Finno-Ugrian hydronyms in Novgorod oblast. In B?«6¬«š¬;B ;<="""«h¬" Finnic.2?(?"$;"BC?BB "" 9 $ 9 ! ^$?! ^B!!"9$" conclusions are presented in Section 9. ? " "B "B?=$$ª#ª# 9#ª=9# "B $$$|BB linguistic reasons demand it. 2. Research questions and research history ?!=>w9 populated by Finno-Ugrian peoples until their russification in the Late Middle Ages. |B!- $^!"!!"$ For this reason, there has been no deep linguistic analysis. Usually the research has !!"!!;<=B such as the lakes 9¦#(D!ó#(DR, 9¦ÈD#KD)óÈD)KD)and the river Msta (e.g. -
VON STEUBEN Drillmaster of the Continental .Army Karl Theodore Marx
The MILITARY REVIEW dissemi nates modern military thought and current Army doctrine concerning command and staff procedw-es of the division and higher echelons and provides a forum for articles which stimulate military thinking. " . " sPECIAL sEcrlb.Ns EDITOR' Authors, civilian and military alike, COL ROBERT' M..w.Ai.xER, ARTY are encouraged to submit articles which will assist in the fulfillment of this mission. Editor , GILBERTO GoNzAL:Iilz-JULIA, INF Assistant Editors ' MAJ ~oM!s H. GUFFAW, INF ORLANDO ORTIZ MORENO, INF POUCY. Unless otherwise indicated, the BRAZILIAN EDITION views expressed in the original ar Editor ticles in this magazine are those SEBASTIAO FEBREIRA CHAVES, ARTY of the individual authors and not necessarily precisely those of the Assistant Editor Department of the Army or the WALDm DA COSTA GoDOyWM, ARTY U. S. Army Command and General Staff College. Production Officer , Editor. LT COL .LOUIS RUIZ, CMLC The printing of this publication' has been approvooby the Direetor' of the Bureau· of ,th~ Budget 19 June 1956. REVIEW-Pillilillhid, monthly' by ·11. S. ~. c:iotnfni,.nd alld GEneral Stall' College, Fort Leav in E"gll$h,';*,j,atl!t>b. ,.;,a pi>rt1iiuek~: jii~ ... ~cklass maUerAurust 81, 1984. at Fori: W$'liibHb:' Kan..... pBder tti,':Act :~ ••.~~j:I. Subserh>tloi rat.est $8.&0 ) a year':rn ,~;1'.intt.iit Skte&df ' ' '~', '" .. ' ~ee; ionl!.tI1* l:Oun~" 1!blcb of tbe Pai>;A~~l'oa'*t~~l:i'it. 0 a)iea1'Jn'iit'ot'behoUntries. , ~~' ,w,: '~~'~'?~~i~~~,~:_ 0;«. ~ -, . MILITARY R'EVIEW VOLUME XXXVII DECEMBER 1951 NUMBEU CONTENTS Soviet Views on Limited War ___________ _ Docto?' Raymond L.