E4719 V2

GOVERNMENT OF KARNATAKA

Karnataka Urban Water Supply Modernization
Project (KUWSMP)

ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL ASSESSMENT (ESA) OF CONTINUOUS WATER SUPPLY PROJECT IN BELAGAVI
(BELGAUM), KARNATAKA, INDIA

DRAFT FINAL REPORT
2014

Karnataka Urban Infrastructure Development Finance
Corporation (KUIDFC)

KUIDFC

Abbreviations

AE AEE
Assistant Engineer Assistant Executive Engineer
CMC CPCB CPHEEO DoEE DPR
City Municipal Corporation Central Pollution Control Board Central Public Health & Environmental Engineering Organisation Department of Ecology & Environment (DoEE) Detailed Project Report

• DRIP
• Dam Rehabilitation and Improvement Project

EA EAC
Environmental Assessment Expert Appraisal Committee
EC EIA EMP EP
Empowered Committee Environmental Impact Assessment Environmental Management Plan Environment Protection
ESMP FGD
Environmental and Social Management Plan Focused Group Discussions
GLSR GoI GoK
Ground Level Storage Reservoir Government of India Government of Karnataka
JE Km
Junior Engineer Kilometer
KSPCB KUIDFC KUWASIP KUWSSDB KUWSMP LPCD mg/l MoEF NH
Karnataka State Pollution control Board Karnataka Urban Infrastructure Development Finance Corporation Karnataka Urban Water Sector Improvement Project Karnataka Urban Water Supply Sewerage and Drainage Board Karnataka Urban Water Supply Modernization Project Litres per capita per day Milligrams per liter Ministry of Environment & Forests National Highway
NRRP O&M OD
National Rehabilitation & Resettlement Policy (NRRP Operation & Management Operational Directives
OHT OP PAF
Over Head Tank Operational Policy Project Affected Families (PAFs)
PIU PPP
Project Implementation Units Public Private Partnership
PSP PPE R & R RAP
Private Sector Participation Personnel Protective Equipment Rehabilitation & Resettlement Resettlement Action Plans
RPM SEA SEAC SEMF ESA
Respirable Particulate Matter Social and Environmental Assessment State’s Environmental Appraisal Committee Social and Environmental Management Framework Environmental and Social Assessment

bDraft Final Report: Environmental and Social Assessment (ESA) for Continous Water Supply in Belagavi

SH SPM STP TDS ToR
State Highway Suspended Particulate Matter Sewerage Treatment Plant Total Dissolved Solids Terms of Reference
UDD UGD ULB UWS UWSS WB
Urban Development Department Underground drainage Urban Local Body Urban Water Supply Urban Water Supply Sanitation World Bank

• WSS
• Water Supply and Sanitation

c
Draft Final Report: Environmental and Social Assessment (ESA) for Continous Water Supply in Belagavi

Contents

Chapter 1: Introduction..................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Project Background................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Belagavi City and the proposed Project................................................................... 3 1.3 Need for Environmental and Social Assessment (ESA)........................................... 4 1.4 ESA Objectives ...................................................................................................... 4 1.5 Methodology and Approach to ESA........................................................................ 5 1.6 Scope of ESA ......................................................................................................... 5
Chapter 2: Study Area and Project Description ................................................................. 9
2.1 Belagavi City and its Characteristics....................................................................... 9 2.2 Current Water Supply System................................................................................11 2.3 Source of Water Supply & Sanitation Status..........................................................12 2.3.1 Water Treatment Plant ..........................................................................................13 2.3.2 Clear Water Pumping System ...............................................................................13 2.3.3 Water Distribution Pumping Station......................................................................13 2.3.4 Service Reservoir..................................................................................................13 2.3.5 Distribution System ..............................................................................................13 2.3.6 Distribution Pattern...............................................................................................13 2.3.7 Consumer Connection...........................................................................................13 2.4 Existing Sewerage System.....................................................................................13 2.4.1 Existing Sewage Treatment Plant..........................................................................14 2.4.2 Proposed Sewerage System for the City................................................................14 2.4.3 Sanitation Facilities Belagavi...............................................................................14 2.5 Existing Storm Water Drainage System .................................................................14 2.6 Study of Alternatives .............................................................................................16 2.6.1 Reduced Per-capita supply....................................................................................16 2.6.2 Improved Operational Duration ............................................................................16 2.6.3 Distribution System Integration ............................................................................16 2.6.4 Conclusions on alternative Studies........................................................................17 2.7 Demand Projection ................................................................................................17 2.7.1 Source Studies ......................................................................................................18 2.7.2 Water Treatment Plant ...........................................................................................18 2.7.3 Storage Capacity....................................................................................................19 2.7.4 Pumping System....................................................................................................19 2.7.5 Clear Water Transmission System..........................................................................20 2.7.6 Local Distribution System......................................................................................20 2.8 SCADA .................................................................................................................21
Chapter 3: Legislative, Regulatory & Policy Framework..................................................22
3.1 Introduction ...........................................................................................................22 3.2 Applicable Policy, Rules & Regulations to project interventions/activities: Environmental
22
3.2.1 EIA Notification ....................................................................................................22 3.2.2 Legal Framework of Government of India for Environment Compliance ...............23 3.2.3 Key Environmental Laws and other related Regulations.........................................23 3.3 Applicable Policy, Rules & Regulations to project interventions / activities: Social24 3.3.1 National Policies and Acts .....................................................................................24 3.3.2 Other Legislations in the Social Domain applicable to construction projects ..........25 3.3.3 Applicable Policy, Rules & Regulations at State level............................................27 3.4 World Bank Policies..............................................................................................28 3.5 Legal Monitoring Agency for Environmental Safeguards.......................................30

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3.6 Other Line Agencies Involved ...............................................................................31 3.7 Institutional Setup for Project.................................................................................32 3.8 Legal Approvals / Clearances Required..................................................................33
Chapter 4: Baseline Environmental and Social Profile......................................................35
Environmental Profile ......................................................................................................35 4.1 Land Environment .................................................................................................35 4.1.1 Geology and Topography.......................................................................................35 4.1.2 Soil Characteristics ................................................................................................35 4.1.3 Land Use ...............................................................................................................35 4.2 Climate and Air Environment ................................................................................36 4.2.1 Climate and Rainfall ..............................................................................................36 4.2.2 Wind Speed and Direction .....................................................................................36 4.2.3 Air Quality.............................................................................................................36 4.3 Water Environment................................................................................................37 4.3.1 Surface Water Resources .......................................................................................37 4.3.2 Surface Water Quality............................................................................................38 4.3.3 Hydrogeology & Ground Water Resource..............................................................38 4.3.4 Ground Water Quality............................................................................................40 4.4 Forest and Biodiversity Aspect ..............................................................................41 4.4.1 Protected Areas......................................................................................................41 4.4.2 Wetlands................................................................................................................42 4.5 Heritage.................................................................................................................43 4.6 Baseline Water Sample Survey ..............................................................................44 4.6.1 Water Quality at Source.........................................................................................44 4.6.2 Water Quality at Consumer End.............................................................................45 4.7 Soil Quality ...........................................................................................................46 4.8 Major Findings from Secondary Data Analysis......................................................46 4.8.1 Social Profile .........................................................................................................47 4.8.2 Sex Ratio ...............................................................................................................47 4.8.3 Literacy Profile......................................................................................................47 4.8.4 Average Household Size........................................................................................48 4.8.5 Workforce Participation.........................................................................................48 4.8.6 Ward-wise Analysis...............................................................................................48 4.8.7 Slum Location, Spread & Details...........................................................................48 4.9 Findings of the Primary Survey..............................................................................49 4.9.1 Socio-Economic Features.......................................................................................49 4.9.2 Supply of Water.....................................................................................................51 4.9.3 Health Profile ........................................................................................................57 4.10 Conclusion.............................................................................................................57
Chapter 5: Assessment of Environmental Impacts............................................................58
5.1 Introduction ...........................................................................................................58 5.2 Associated and Potential Environmental Impacts ...................................................58 5.2.1 Rating of Impacts...................................................................................................58 5.2.2 Determining the magnitude of impact ....................................................................58 5.3 Land Environment .................................................................................................60 5.4 Water Environment................................................................................................60 5.5 Climate and Air Environment ................................................................................61 5.6 Noise Environment ................................................................................................62 5.7 Construction Phase Specific Impacts and their Rating............................................62 5.8 Activity specific impacts in Sensitive Areas...........................................................65 5.9 Conclusion.............................................................................................................69
Chapter 6: Stakeholders Assessment ................................................................................70
6.1 Major Findings from Stakeholders Consultation ....................................................70

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6.2 Discussions on gender related issues......................................................................72 6.3 CSIS Stakeholders Consultation.............................................................................73 6.4 Conclusion.............................................................................................................74
Chapter 7: Assessment of Social Impacts.........................................................................75
7.1 Introduction ...........................................................................................................75 7.2 Social set up of ESR sites.......................................................................................75

• 7.3
• Process for Social Impact Assessment...................................................................81

7.3.1 Baseline survey and stakeholder feedback..............................................................82 7.3.2 Scoping to identify full range of social impacts......................................................83 7.4 Potential Social Impacts in different implementation phases ..................................84 7.5 Conclusion.............................................................................................................87
Chapter 8: Environmental Management Plan ...................................................................88
8.1 Introduction ...........................................................................................................88 8.2 Environmental Mitigation Measures ......................................................................88 8.3 Environmental Management Plan ..........................................................................89 8.4 Environmental Monitoring Plan.............................................................................99 8.4.1 Monitoring Indicators ............................................................................................99 8.5 Capacity Building and Training ...........................................................................102 8.5.1 Objectives............................................................................................................102 8.5.2 Training Approach...............................................................................................102 8.5.3 Training Resources..............................................................................................103 8.5.4 Training Programmes...........................................................................................103

Chater 9: Social Mitigation & Management Plan ..............................................................107 9.3 Consultations Strategy and Participation Framework ..............................................119
9.4 Grievance Redress Mechanism..............................................................................120

Annexure I: Analysis of Alternatives (Technology & Site).................................................122 Annexure II: No Objection Certificates issued by Government Departments.....................125 Annexure III: Stakeholder Consultation and Focus Group Discussion................................129 Annexure IV: Key Tenets of the NRRP 2007 and Land Acquisition and R&R Act 2013....134 Annexure V: Ward Wise Area and Population ...................................................................137 Annexure VI: Proposed Water Supply System ...................................................................139 Annexure VII: Water Quality Test Results.........................................................................148

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List of Tables

Table 2.2: Existing Ward Details ...................................................................................................... 10 Table 2.3: Population Growth trends and density – Belagavi........................................................... 10 Table 2.5: Water Demand Projection .............................................................................................. 18 Table 2.6: Treated Water demand for the Belagavi city................................................................... 18 Table 2.7: Storage requirements of Belagavi City ............................................................................ 19 Table 2.8: Details of clear water pump stations............................................................................... 20 Table 2.8: Summary of distribution network ................................................................................... 20 Table 3.1: Applicable Environmental Laws and Regulations ............................................................ 23 Table 3.2: Legislations applicable to construction projects.............................................................. 25 Table 3.3: Rules and regulations at State Level................................................................................ 27 Table 3.4: Application of Bank Safeguard Policies............................................................................ 28 Table 3.5: Line Departments and their Key Roles and Responsibilities ............................................ 31 Table 3.6: Legal Approvals and Clearances...................................................................................... 33 Table 4.1: Land use Pattern............................................................................................................. 35 Table 4.2: Seasonal and Annual Normal Rainfall for the Period 2001 – 2010 (mm).......................... 36 Table 4.3: Surface Status................................................................................................................. 38 Table 4.4: Forest Cover in Project Area ........................................................................................... 41 Table 4.5: Protected Areas and Impact............................................................................................ 42 Table 4.6: Number and Types of Wetland in Belagavi...................................................................... 42 Table 4.7: Raw and Treated Water Results (Physical & Chemical) ................................................... 44 Table 4.8: Water Quality at Consumer End (Tap Water).................................................................. 46 Table 4.9: Major Issues / Findings based on Secondary Data related to Proposed Project............... 46 Table 4.11: Slum Details.................................................................................................................. 48 Table 4.12: Sample Size................................................................................................................... 49 Table 4.13: Population Trend and Caste-Wise Distribution of HH.................................................... 49 Table 4.14: Household Distribution based on no of Family Members (%)........................................ 50 Table 4.15: Average HH Monthly Income Non Slum and Slum......................................................... 50 Table 4.17: Earning HH Head and Education Level in Belagavi......................................................... 50 Table 4.18: Frequency of water supply for HH connection .............................................................. 51 Table 4.19: Hours of supply on day of supply .................................................................................. 51 Table 4.20: Per Capita Water Consumption in Belagavi................................................................... 52 Table 4.21: Per Capita Water Consumption in Belagavi................................................................... 52 Table 4.22: Methods Used to Get Water from HH Connections....................................................... 52 Table 4.23: HH members involved in getting water from stand post ............................................... 53 Table 4.24: Social Category wise HH level water treatment practices.............................................. 54 Table 4.25: Willingness to Pay by Different Facility Users................................................................ 55 Table 4.26: Willingness to Pay across Income Categories ................................................................ 56 Table 4.27: Reasons for not having HH Water Connection .............................................................. 56 Table 4.28: Respondents Reporting Water Borne Diseases ............................................................. 57 Table 4.29: Average Household Monthly Medical Expenditure ....................................................... 57 Table 4.30: Knowledge of Water Borne Diseases ............................................................................ 57 Table 4.31: Source of Medical treatment ........................................................................................ 57 Table 5.1: Construction Phase-specific Environmental Impact......................................................... 62 Table 6.2: Activity Specific Social Impacts in Sensitive Areas ........................................................... 65 Table 5.2: Rating of Environment Impacts....................................................................................... 68 Table 6.1: Identified Potential Impacts by Phases............................................................................ 85 Table 7.2: Environmental Monitoring Indicators ............................................................................. 99