DOCSLIB.ORG

Open Jian Gong Thesis Upload.Pdf

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Open Jian Gong Thesis Upload.Pdf The Pennsylvania State University The Graduate School Department of Architecture DEVELOPING A ZERO CARBON COMMUNITY AT SHANGHAI WORLD EXPO PARK A Thesis in Architecture by Jian Gong ©2011 Jian Gong Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Architecture August 2011 The Thesis of Jian Gong was reviewed and approved* by the following: Madis Pihlak Associate Professor of Architecture and Landscape Architecture Thesis Advisor Lisa Domenica Iulo Assistant Professor of Architecture Ute Poerschke Associate Professor of Architecture Sandra Staub Associate Professor of Architecture Head of the Graduate Program, Department of Architecture *Signatures are on file in the Graduate School ABSTRACT In the past few years, China has been ranked as the world’s largest energy consumer. The surge in cement production and the broad use of coal-fired electricity generation have also made China the biggest CO2 emitter. The increasing environmental concern has motivated China to make a substantial effort to decrease energy consumption and reduce carbon emission. Despite the effort, China is still at the primary stage of a zero carbon community design. China’s limited environmental progress is partially attributable to the urban planning method that it has adopted. Following the pattern that the US used in the last century, China uses the mono functional urban method. The core characteristic of mono functional urban plan method is to segregate land use through zoning: each geographic area can only be used for one purpose such as residential or commercial use. Adopting a zero carbon community model is essential to any successful environmental plan for China. From 2000 to 2010, the Chinese government invested 18 billion yuan (2.3billion U.S. dollars) to build the Shanghai World Expo Park. With the end of the 2010 World Expo, most of the pavilions were removed leaving a large expanse of empty land waiting to be redeveloped. The purpose of my thesis is to create a plan for the Shanghai World Expo Park that incorporates a zero carbon community. As a model, I rely on Toronto’s success in the redevelopment of its harbour. My design adopts the following to achieve a zero carbon community: z Utilizing a balanced transportation system to reduce transportation pollution. z Increase efficiency by adopting a mixed use community design (in contrast to the mono functional urban model). z Increase the efficiency of cooling and heating systems by adopting low carbon energy district energy. z Diminish underground water waste by encouraging rainwater harvesting. iii Table of Contents List of Figures …………………………………………………………………….…………. vi List of Tables .…………………………………………………………………..………….... xiv Acknowledgements …………………………………………………………………….….. xv Chapter 1 Introduction ………………………………………………………………….…….1 1.1 China’s energy crisis …………………………………………………………..….2 1.2 Shanghai’s environmental problem ………………………………………..…..….5 1.2.1 The rapid growth of motorized vehicle………………………………..………...….6 1.2.2 Mass produced single-use community …………………..…….............................7 1.2.3 Broad use of coal-based energy .……………………………………….....…....….8 1.2.4 Low efficiency heating & cooling systems ……………….……………..……...….9 1.2.5 Overexploitation of underground water .…………………………..…..……...….10 1.2.6 Conclusion………………………..………………………………………………………...….11 Chapter 2 Case study and guide line……………………………………………….……...12 2.1 Toronto – a sustainable city….…………………………………………………………………12 2.2 Similarities between Toronto and Shanghai ….………………………………………………13 2.3 Balanced transportation ….…………………………………………….………………………19 2.4 Mixed-use community ….……………………………………………….…………..…………28 2.3.1 The Distillery District ……………………………………………….….…………..30 2.3.2 West Don Lands …..………………………………………………..….…………..34 2.5 Building design requirement ……..…………………………………..….…….………….…..40 2.6 District heating & cooling, renewable energy ……………………..….………….…...……..42 2.7 Rainwater harvesting ...……………………………………….……..….……...…………..…..45 2.8 Summary ……………………………………………………………..….…………..…...……..47 iv Chapter 3 Site Analysis …………………………………………..………………………… 48 3.1 General information …………………………………………………………………………… 48 3.2 Geography …………………………………………………..……………………………….… 49 3.3 Site History….………………………………………………..…………………………………. 51 3.4 General plan of the Shanghai Expo Park ……………………..…………………….………. 54 3.5 Transportation system ……………………..…………………………………….…………… 59 3.6 Land use after the 2010 Expo ……………..……………………………………..………...… 61 3.7 Site and its relation to adjacent buildings ..…………………………………………..……… 65 Chapter 4 Design goal …………………….…………………………………………………66 Chapter 5 Practical Application…………………….…………………………………..…. 68 5.1 Basic concept ………………..…….……………..………………………...……………. 69 5.2 Develop balanced transport…….…………………………………….……………...…. 72 5.2.1 Removing barriers and making connections ………………….………….……. 72 5.2.2 Improve public transportation ………………………………...………..……... 74 5.2.3 Develop bicycle transportation ………………………………...………..…........ 76 5.2.4 Pedestrian friendly nexuses ………………………………...………..…....... 77 5.3 Develop attractive open space …………………….…………………..………..…..... 78 5.3.1 Positive green space ………………………….……………...………….…........ 78 5.3.2 Enhance riverside experience ……………….……………...………….…........ 82 5.4 Attractive mixed-use community ……………….……………...……………....…........ 83 5.4.1 Proper city block scale…………………...……………...……………....…........ 83 5.4.2 Function analysis …………………...…………………...……………....…........ 85 5.4.3 Building design requirement ……...………………….....………....…...................... 92 5.4.4 Sustainable material ……...………………….....……………....………................... 94 5.5 Sustainable technique………...…………………........……....………….…................ 95 5.5.1 District energy ……...………………….....………….……....………….…......... 95 5.5.2 Rainwater harvesting ………………….....………….……....…….…....................... 97 Chapter 6 Conclusion of the study ……………………………………….……………….98 6.1 Research summary ……………………………………….………………………….….…...98 6.2 Area of future research ………………………………….…………………….…….….…….99 6.3 Conclusion of the Study …………………………..…….…………………….……….….…101 6.5 Epilogue …………………………..…….……………………………….…….……….……..102 Bibliography ……………………………………….…………………………….………...103 v LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1.1. Countries by carbon dioxide emissions world map. …………….….…………….…2 Jrockley (2006) China now no.1 CO2 emissions; USA in second position. Available from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_carbon_dioxide_emissions#cite_note-0. Figure 1.2. Carbon emissions from selected cities ………………………………….…………… 5 Tollefson, J. (2010) The Century of The City. Nature 467, 900 Figure 1.3. Single use communities in Shanghai …………………………………………………… 7 Image from Google Earth, drawing map made by myself Figure 1. 4. Shanghai’s primary energy consumption in 2004 …………………………………… 8 Changhong, C. (4 Feb, 2008,). Current Status of Energy Consumption and CO2 Emissions in Shanghai, Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences: 5 Figure 1.5 Climate District Zoning in China …………………………………………………..… 10 Source: P.R.China, M.o.C., Standard of climatic regionalization for architecture. 1994: Beijing, China. Figure2.1, Shanghai Watershed Map ……………………………………………..……………… 15 Source: Richard Helmer, Ivanildo Hespanhol (1997) Water Pollution Control – A Guide to the Use of Water Quality Management Principles, p2 http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/resourcesquality/wpccasestudy2.pdf Figure2.2, Toronto Watershed Map ……………………………………………………….……… 16 Source: Toronto Watershed Map, in Watershed reference documents. 2006, Don Watershed Regeneration Council: Toronto. Available from: http://www.toronto.ca/greentoronto/greenwatershed.htm Figure 2.3. Historic Buildings on the Distillery District ………………………………….…….… 17 Picture taken from my site study Figure 2.4. Historic picture of Jiangnan Dockyard ….…………………………………………… 17 Rong-Sheng, W., Jiangnan Shipyard and the Development of china's shipbuilding Industry in Trans-Century - Congratulating the 140th Anniversary of the Fundation of Jiangnan Shipyard. Ship, Engineering, 2005(2005-S1). Figure 2.5. Lower Don Land Crossing Plan .….…………………………………………………. 22 Lower Don Lands Frame Work Plan. 2010, Michael Van Valkenburgh Associates 46 vi LIST OF FIGURES CONTINUED Figure 2.6, Annual Vehicle Travel and Congestion Delays .….……………………………..……. 23 Kenworthy, J., Mobility Study. 1997, Texas Transportation Institute. Figure 2.7 Future LRT plan of Lower Don Land, Toronto ….………………………………...…. 24 Lower Don Lands Frame Work Plan. 2010, Michael Van Valkenburgh Associates 35 Figure2.8 Future highway plan of Lower Don Land, Toronto ….………………………….……. 24 Lower Don Lands Frame Work Plan. 2010, Michael Van Valkenburgh Associates 35 Figure 2.9 Shorten walking distance to LRT stop ………………. .…………………………...…. 25 Lower Don Lands Frame Work Plan. 2010, Michael Van Valkenburgh Associates 37 Figure 2.10 Create a Bicycle Nexus ………………. ….…………………………………..………. 26 Lower Don Lands Frame Work Plan. 2010, Michael Van Valkenburgh Associates 48 Figure 2.11 Enable an extensive pedestrian network…………. ….…………..…………………. 27 Lower Don Lands Frame Work Plan. 2010, Michael Van Valkenburgh Associates 48 Figure 2.12 Distillery District Master Plan …………….……………………………….……..…. 31 Rosenblatt, M. Distillery Map & Directory 2002; Available from: http://www.thedistillerydistrict.com/visit.php. Fig 2.13. Distillery’s pedestrian based transportation…………….………………………………32 Rosenblatt, M. The Distillery Historic District - Photo Gallery. 2002; Available from: http://www.thedistillerydistrict.com/gallery.php. Fig 2.14. Distillery’s small square…………….……………………………………………….……32 Rosenblatt,
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A Detailed Study on Car-Free City and Conversion of Existing Cities and Suburbs to The
    GRD Journals | Global Research and Development Journal for Engineering | Recent Advances in Civil Engineering for Global Sustainability | March 2016 e-ISSN: 2455-5703 A Detailed Study on Car-Free City and Conversion of Existing Cities and Suburbs to the Car-Free Model 1Priyank P. Patel 2Zarana Hitesh Gandhi 3Bhasker Vijaykumar Bhatt 1PG Student (M. E. - Town & Country Planning) 2Ad-hoc Assistant Professor 3Assistance Professor and PG In-charge 1,2,3Department of Civil Engineering 1,2,3Sarvajanik Collage of Engineering & Technology, Surat, Gujarat, India Abstract Manufacture and use of cars are increasing day by day. This is creating environmental, social and aesthetic issues that we never imagined in last few decades. These problems force urban planners to think and design the cities which will work without cars. The transformation of existing towns and outskirts to car-free model is possible by providing better and faster public transport, better biking and by increasing density and reducing street width. Car-free development will help in reduction of traffic generation and parking problems, improvements to the urban environment and economy of government. This paper defines Car- free related terms. After describing the problems caused by the Cars, this document discusses alternative means to resolve those problems regarding replacement of cars by introducing the rapid economic, public transport. Design standards are also explored to make a city, Car-free. In a later section of paper, its major focus is on the methods of conversion of existing cities into the Car- free model. Four Indian cities viz. Pune, Mumbai, Hyderabad and Bangalore have already taken initiatives to promote the Car- free movements by various means.
    [Show full text]
  • Car-Less Cities
    Minnesota State University, Mankato Cornerstone: A Collection of Scholarly and Creative Works for Minnesota State University, Mankato All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects Capstone Projects 2018 Car-less Cities Maryam Moeinian Minnesota State University, Mankato Follow this and additional works at: https://cornerstone.lib.mnsu.edu/etds Part of the Transportation Commons, and the Urban, Community and Regional Planning Commons Recommended Citation Moeinian, Maryam. (2018). Car-less Cities [Master’s thesis, Minnesota State University, Mankato]. Cornerstone: A Collection of Scholarly and Creative Works for Minnesota State University, Mankato. https://cornerstone.lib.mnsu.edu/etds/841/ This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects at Cornerstone: A Collection of Scholarly and Creative Works for Minnesota State University, Mankato. It has been accepted for inclusion in All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects by an authorized administrator of Cornerstone: A Collection of Scholarly and Creative Works for Minnesota State University, Mankato. Car-less Cities By: Maryam Moeinian A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Masters of Arts In Urban Planning Concentration: Transportation Minnesota State University, Mankato Mankato, Minnesota December 2018 1 11/20/2018 Car-less Cities Maryam Moeinian This thesis has been examined and approved by the following members of the student’s committee. Dr. Miriam Porter ________________________________ Advisor ________________________________Dr. Beth Heidelberg Committee Member ________________________________ Committee Member 2 Abstract The rapid growth of world population along with the sprawl growth of towns and suburbanization, has affected the human life and its surrounding nature dramatically.
    [Show full text]
  • Carbusters 20
    CARCARBustR- Editorial Collective: Tanja Eskola, Randy Ghent, Ste- ven Logan, Stephan von Pohl Other WCN Sta#: Arie Farnam (Fundraiser), Markus Heller and Jason Kirkpat- rick (Conference Coordinators), Roeland Kuijper (Ecotopia Bike- tour Coordinator), Lucie Lébrová (O!ce Manager), Maria Yliheikkilä (EVS intern) Contributing Writers: Arie Farnam, Sara Stout, Lisa Logan, Gabrielle Hermann, Ivan Gregov, Rob Zverina Contents Contributing Artists: Francois Meloçhe, Stig, Siris, Andy Singer 14 Awakening the Alliance Disability rights and the carfree movement Please send subscriptions, letters, articles, artwork, photos, feedback 17 How To Level a Curb and your life’s savings to: Fixing inequalities on the street Car Busters, Krátká 26 100 00 Prague 10, Czech Rep. 18 Bogotá Inspires the South tel: +(420) 274-810-849 fax: +(420) 274-816-727 Model spreads in Latin America and beyond [email protected] www.carbusters.org 19 Successful Road Fighting Submission deadline for issue 21: History of a grassroots movement in Berlin August 15, 2004. Reprints welcome with a credit to Car 22 The End of Space as We Know It? Busters and a reference to Carbusters. The ideology of spacism org. Subscription/membership info and coupon: page 29 and 30. ISSN: 1213-7154 / MK ÈR: E 100018 4 Letters 10 Action! A Hegelian Poem; Horse-free Cities; World Naked Bike Ride; Korean Printed in the Czech Republic on 100% recycled Carbusting Comrades; Sister Cities... Protests; European Bike Day... paper by VAMB. Pre-press by QT Studio. Distributed by Doormouse (Canada); AK Press, 6 Car Cult Review 19 Skill Sharing Desert Moon, Tower/MTS, and Ubiquity (US); INK (UK); and many others.
    [Show full text]
  • Ensuring Sustainability of the City Transportation System: Problems and Solutions (ICSC)
    E3 S Web of Conferences6, 02004 (2016) DOI: 10.1051/ e3 sconf /20160602004 ICSC 2016 Ensuring sustainability of the city transportation system: problems and solutions (ICSC) Irina Makarova1, Rifat Khabibullin1, Ksenia Shubenkova1a, and Aleksey Boyko1 1“Service of Transport Systems” Department, Kazan federal university, 423810, Naberezhnye Chelny, Russia Abstract. Ways to increase sustainability of the city transportation system and, particularly, measures to promote safe public transport and non- motorized means of transport are considered in the article. Analysis of the existing positive experience shows that complex decisions for a sustainable development of the city transportation system are necessary. Technical and organizational ways to increase the transportation system’s sustainability and safety are studied. The results of solution of separate tasks, aimed at completing the goal, are presented: defining transport preferences of the citizens of Naberezhnye Chelny, perspective model of bus route network, a model of an adaptive smart-bicycle. It is shown that the proposed solutions for strategic and operational management will help to enhance efficiency and safety of transportation system. 1 Introduction During the debates about sustainable development the participants of the United Nations Conference on sustainable development (Conference "Rio+20" [1]) noted that transportation and mobility are central to sustainable development as means to improve social equity, health, resilience of cities, urban-rural linkages and productivity of rural areas. They recognized the need to promote an integrated approach to policymaking at the national, regional and local levels for transport services and systems to promote sustainable development. Sustainable transport systems development is one of the Global Goals for Sustainable Development [2] and is the priority area of work of the Pan-European Program on Transport, Environment and Health (the PEP).
    [Show full text]
  • Design and Implementation of Access Control Schemes for Tourist Coaches
    DESIGN & IMPLEMENTATION OF ACCESS CONTROL SCHEMES FOR TOURIST COACHES Deliverable of the measure 6.2 of Success Project Editors: : Dominique BREUIL (EIGSI) David BLACKLEDGE (TTR) Version February 2010 FOREWORD Jean YATES, Emil CALOTA, Denis LEROY As senior political representatives of the SUCCESS cities we have been personally involved in the project from its beginnings as a Proposal submitted to the CIVITAS Programme in 2004. We have been honoured to take part in the second phase of CIVITAS and we have been pleased to see how well the plans have been implemented in our cities and how our citizens have benefited. The rich cooperation that has been the hallmark of SUCCESS, both between the cities and between local partners in each city, has resulted in greater understanding and mutual respect between different organisations and different cultures. This will have long-lasting effects that will benefit all who have been involved in the project. We have been pleased to cooperate with the European Commission and the wider CIVITAS family, and have contributed to the CIVITAS Political Advisory Committee. We trust that this document will provide useful lessons for others considering the adoption of measures similar to those that we implemented in the SUCCESS project. Denis Leroy , Communauté Urbaine de La Rochelle, Vice Président en charge des transports Jean Yates , Lancashire County Council, County Councillor Emil Calota , Primaria Municipiului Ploiesti, Mayor SUMMARY 1 SUCCESS PROJECT ....................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • UC Davis Research Reports
    UC Davis Research Reports Title Carsharing and Carfree Housing: Predicted Travel, Emission, and Economic Benefits: A Case Study of the Sacramento, California Region Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8549598k Authors Rodier, Caroline Shaheen, Susan A. Publication Date 2003-08-01 eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California CARSHARING AND CARFREE HOUSING: PREDICTED TRAVEL, EMISSION, AND ECONOMIC BENEFITS A Case Study of the Sacramento, California Region UCD-ITS-RR-03-13 Caroline Rodier, Ph.D. Post-Doctoral Researcher University of California; 2105 Bancroft Way, Third Floor Berkeley, CA 94720-3830 916-451-8088 (O); 916-451-8188 (F) [email protected] and Susan A. Shaheen, Ph.D. Policy and Behavioral Research, Program Leader, California Partners for Advanced Transit and Highways (PATH) & Special Assistant to Director’s Office, Caltrans University of California; 2105 Bancroft Way, Third Floor Berkeley, CA 94720-3830 510-642-5059 (O); 510-642-0910 (F) [email protected]; [email protected] Submitted to Transportation Research Board (TRB) August 2003 Word Count: 7500 Rodier and Shaheen 1 CARSHARING AND CARFREE HOUSING: PREDICTED TRAVEL, EMISSION, AND ECONOMIC BENEFITS A Case Study of the Sacramento, California Region Caroline Rodier, Ph.D. and Susan Shaheen, Ph.D. ABSTRACT In this paper, researchers present simulation findings from three innovative mobility scenarios (forecast to 2025) using an advanced regional travel demand model. This model was employed to approximate the effects of transit-based carsharing (short-term vehicle access linked to transit), real-time transit information services, and carfree housing (residential developments designed with limited parking provisions) in the Sacramento region.
    [Show full text]
  • DEVELOPMENT and EXTENSION of ACCESS CONTROL ZONES Deliverable 6 of the Success Project
    DEVELOPMENT AND EXTENSION OF ACCESS CONTROL ZONES Deliverable 6 of the Success Project Authors: Matthieu Aubineau (Urban Community of La Rochelle, CdA-LR) Rachel Crompton (Lancashire County Council, LCC) and Simona Monteanu (Primaria Municipiului Ploiesti, PMP) Editor: Anna Trentini (Ecole d’Ingénieurs de Génie des Systèmes Industriels, EIGSI) Version 12, October 2009 FOREWORD Jean YATES, Emil CALOTA, Denis LEROY As senior political representatives of the SUCCESS cities we have been personally involved in the project from its beginnings as a Proposal submitted to the CIVITAS Programme in 2004. We have been honoured to take part in the second phase of CIVITAS and we have been pleased to see how well the plans have been implemented in our cities and how our citizens have benefited. The rich cooperation that has been the hallmark of SUCCESS, both between the cities and between local partners in each city, has resulted in greater understanding and mutual respect between different organisations and different cultures. This will have long-lasting effects that will benefit all who have been involved in the project. We have been pleased to cooperate with the European Commission and the wider CIVITAS family, and have contributed to the CIVITAS Political Advisory Committee. We trust that this document will provide useful lessons for others considering the adoption of measures similar to those that we implemented in the SUCCESS project. Denis Leroy , Communauté Urbaine de La Rochelle, Vice Président en charge des transports Jean Yates , Lancashire County Council, County Councillor Emil Calota , Primaria Municipiului Ploiesti, Mayor SUMMARY 1 SUCCESS PROJECT ...................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 The Project Consortium Cities .................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The Car-Free Livability Programme 2019
    The Car-free Livability Programme 2019 Telephone: +47 21 80 21 80 Oslo kommune Visiting address: Vahls gate 1, Oslo Internet: oslo.kommune.no/bilfrittbyliv The Car-free Livability Programme Postal address: PO Box 364 Sentrum, NO-0102 Oslo. Email: [email protected] All photos and illustrations in this document are owned by the City of Oslo unless otherwise stated. The Car-free Livability Programme 2019 What is Car-Free City Life, why are we doing this and what are we doing for you as a citizen of Oslo? Fridtjof Nansens plass.Foto: Bo Mathisen redigert 96853 PBB Hanslingsplan 2019 omslag.indd 1 27.03.2019 14:51 redigert 96853 PBB Hanslingsplan 2019 omslag.indd 2 27.03.2019 14:51 Preface We are handing urban spaces back to the people For far too long, cities have centre. Therefore, many of the reclaimed been built for cars, including parking spaces have been made available Oslo. The Car-free Livability for goods deliveries, tradesmen working in Programme is all about giving the city and the disabled. Athe streets back to people. When we ask the inhabitants of Oslo what changes A long-term plan has been developed for the they would like to see in order to use the development of Oslo’s city centre streets city centre more, the answer is clear: they and urban spaces. This area zoning plan would like more green areas, more benches focuses on pedestrians, cyclists, children, and free seating, more culture and more adolescents and seniors, instead of private human activity in the streets.
    [Show full text]
  • Read Ebook {PDF EPUB} Carfree Cities by JH Crawford
    Read Ebook {PDF EPUB} Carfree Cities by J.H. Crawford Carfree Cities by J.H. Crawford. Carfree Cities, International Books, 2000. Carfree Design Manual, International Books, 2009. Articles. "The Lyon Protocol Revisited," Carbusters #37 (Spring 2009) "Reclaiming cities for citizens," OpenDemocracy.net 5 September 2002. "An Interview with J.H. Crawford," Clamor Magazine September/October 2001. "Sustainable Urban Mobility: The Place of the Carfree City in Long-Term Sustainability," scheduled for publication by IHS (Rotterdam) as part of course work on sustainable development, late 2001. "The Relative Ease of Marketing Carfree Cities," presented at the "Marketing Sustainability - From Pioneers to Early Adopters and Market Breakthrough" session, of the Bremen Initiative conference, 26 June 2000. "Carfree Cities: A Blueprint for Sustainability," in World Architecture Review [China], 2000:01 (no. 70). "Cities for People: The Design of Car-Free Cities," paper presented at the Towards Car-Free Cities conference, Lyon, 1997. "Why We Need Completely Car-Free Cities," contribution to the Towards Car-Free Cities conference reader, Free the Street 1997. "Cities for People" presented at the Residential 2000 conference held in Shanghai in 1996 and believed to have been published in the proceedings. Internet. Links will open in a new browser window. An Idealized Design for Carfree Cities and Its Application in the Real World. Paper presented at the 34th International Making Cities Livable Conference, Alpbach and Salzburg, Austria, 15-19 September 2002. "Reclaiming Cities for Citizens" in the City and Country thread of OpenDemocracy.com, 9 May 2002 (sorry, no direct URL). "An Interview with J.H. Crawford," (a Web Exclusive article, not printed in the magazine) Clamor Magazine, No.
    [Show full text]
  • Street Network Management for Better Walking Conditions. from a Historical Analysis to a Radical Concept H
    1 Street network management for better walking conditions. From a historical analysis to a radical concept H. Monheim 0 Preface 1 Divide et impera. "Lane by lane" separation as a basic principle of motorised cities 1.1 Consequences for street design: linear thinking killed the quality of public space 1.2 Consequences for architecture and land use 2. Traffic calming and pedestrian zones as a first attempt for correction towards a better coexistence in Traffic 2.1 Pedestrian zones as little islands in a car friendly surrounding 2.2 Woonerf and Winkelerf. The influence of Dutch examples on German Traffic calming 2.3 Systematic 30 km h limit strategies 2.4 Coexistence strategies for bicycle lanes and bus lanes 3. Models for a systematically separation of Traffic modes in "new town areas" 3.1 Horizontal "street by street" separation in a small scale 3.2 Complete horizontal "street by street" separation in new town areas 3.3 Vertical "level by level" separation in new town or new business areas 3.4 "Time Sharing" separation 4. Missing ambition for a general change. Why not ban the private car generally and domesticate the remaining motorized traffic electronically? 4.1 Car free City centre 4.2 Better use of carriageways: Cities must develop a repertoire. 4.3 Public Transport as the basis of modern mobility 4.4 Car free health resorts or tourist towns 4.5 Car free housing areas - restrictive parking management 4.6 Demotorization as a general strategy 4.7 Modern telematic: a strong support for reinforcement of social driver behavior 4.8 Car free life: A combination of all elements in a systematic approach is needed 4.9 Change of car fixated legislation 4.10 Car Sharing as an important strategy 4.11 Car free societies everywhere.
    [Show full text]
  • Com Ben Mmu Nefits Nity a S of B and E Bicycli Econo Ing in Omic Mich Higan
    Community and Economic Benefits of Bicycliing in Michigan Michigan Department of Transportation PHASE II FINAL REPORT Phase II Final Report March 20, 2015 Community and Economic Benefits of Bicycling in Michigan Prepared for Michigan Department of Transportation 425 West Ottawa Street Lansing, Michigan 48933‐1532 Prepared by BBC Research & Consulting 1999 Broadway, Suite 2200 Denver, Colorado 80202‐9750 303.321.2547 fax 303.399.0448 www.bbcresearch.com [email protected] Table of Contents I. Introduction and Executive Summary Study Objectives ......................................................................................................................... I–1 Methodology .............................................................................................................................. I–1 Key Results ................................................................................................................................. I–2 Report Structure ......................................................................................................................... I–3 II. Methodology Overview ................................................................................................................................... II–1 Event Participants ...................................................................................................................... II–1 Self‐Supported Touring Bicyclists .............................................................................................. II–3 Bicycle Touring
    [Show full text]
  • Carbusters 38
    JOURNAL OF THE CARFREE MOVEMENT #38 / MAY 2009 - JULY 2009 US$5 / €4 / £2.50 / CN$5 / CZK50 CARBUSTERS #38 | MAY 2009 - JULY 2009 1 End of the Road? s there a future for the auto industry? Has the car culture reached the end of the road? Simply, is this the end? Indeed, these questions are on the lips of many people. I No one can avoid the news: this is one of the most tumultuous times on record for the global fi nancial markets. With the global economy in freefall, the auto industry is facing turbulent times. In an eff ort to avert a depression in the car industry, governments are spending billions of dollars to kick-start economic growth in the form of ‘bailout’ loans for carmakers. As many enjoy government lar- gesse, it is clear, however, that something is up – with hefty job cuts, reduction or halt in production and growing stockpiles of unsold cars – even mighty injections of cash into carmakers engines, the problems are deep and probably irreversible. Combined with global issues such as climate change and peak oil reaching boiling point, the reality is that the cars day as our primary mode of transport is likely over as people now explore the alternatives. The economic crisis gives us an ideal opportunity to re-evaluate how we should choose to travel. If we are not doing it already, let’s use the worse times to make a new start. No matter how we do it, we can all make a diff erence and act upon what we believe: to be carfree.
    [Show full text]