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Cfreptiles & Amphibians WWW.IRCF.ORG/REPTILESANDAMPHIBIANSJOURNALTABLE OF CONTENTS IRCF REPTILES & IRCF AMPHIBIANS REPTILES • VOL &15, AMPHIBIANS NO 4 • DEC 2008 • 19(2):143–147189 • JUNE 2012 IRCF REPTILES & AMPHIBIANS CONSERVATION AND NATURAL HISTORY TABLE OF CONTENTS NEWSBRIEFS FEATURE ARTICLES . Chasing Bullsnakes (Pituophis catenifer sayi) in Wisconsin: A GrowingOn the Road Illicit to Understanding Trade the Ecology and Conservation of the Midwest’s Giant Serpent ...................... Joshua M. Kapfer 190 . The Shared History of Treeboas (Corallus grenadensis) and Humans on Grenada: 1 Threatens AJamaica’s Hypothetical Excursion Wildlife ............................................................................................................................Robert W. Henderson 198 Conservationists areRESEARCH beginning ARTICLESto fear that as demand grows for rare and exotic .wildlife,The Texas Horned Jamaican Lizard in Central authorities and Western Texaswill ....................... be Emily Henry, Jason Brewer, Krista Mougey, and Gad Perry 204 unable to protect the. island’sThe Knight naturalAnole (Anolis treasures. equestris) in Florida Local wildlife .............................................Brian J. Camposano, Kenneth L. Krysko, Kevin M. Enge, Ellen M. Donlan, and Michael Granatosky 212 is commonly offered for sale to tourists across the island and the National EnvironmentCONSERVATION and Planning ALERT Agency (NEPA), . World’s Mammals in Crisis ............................................................................................................................................................. 220 which is responsible. Morefor Thanprotecting Mammals ...................................................................................................................................................................... natural resources, has 223 recently admitted to. receivingThe “Dow Jones “intelligence” Index” of Biodiversity ...........................................................................................................................................regarding the 225 illicit wildlife trade.HUSBANDRY The agency says it. Captive is strengthening Care of the Central Nettedits enforcement Dragon ....................................................................................................... capa- Shannon Plummer 226 bilities and increasing general awareness of the value of local biodiversity. A specializedPROFILE arm of the police enforces environ- . Kraig Adler: A Lifetime Promoting Herpetology ................................................................................................ Michael L. Treglia 234 mental laws. Another tool to counter the trade is the 2010 State of the EnvironmentCOMMENTARY Report, which provided an over- view of the state and. qualityThe Turtles ofHave the Been island’sWatching Me natural ........................................................................................................................ heritage Eric Gangloff 238 and, according to NEPA,BOOK helpsREVIEW with sustainable management of Jamaica’s natural and. Threatened physical Amphibians environment. of the World edited by S.N. Stuart, M. Hoffmann, J.S. Chanson, N.A. Cox, R. Berridge, P. Ramani, and B.E. Young .............................................................................................................. Robert Powell 243 A variety of other programs and initiatives also aim to protect Jamaican biodiversity. CONSERVATION The RESEARCH Sea Turtle REPORTS: Monitoring Summaries of Published Conservation Research Reports ................................. 245 Project, a partnership NATURAL between HISTORY NEPA RESEARCH and community-based REPORTS: Summaries of Published Reports on Natural History ................................. 247 NEWBRIEFS ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 248 and non-governmental EDITORIAL organizations, INFORMATION educates ..................................................................................................................................................... people about 251 sea turtles and protects FOCUS them ON CONSERVATIONwhile they are: Anesting Project You on Can the Support ............................................................................................... 252 island. A few miles outside the popular tourist town of Negril, 1 Adapted from a story by Zadie Neufville,Front Inter Cover. Press Shannon Service Plummer. News JamaicanBack Cover.Skinks Michael (Spondylurus Kern fulgidus; top) and Blue-tailed Galliwasps Agency on 12 March 2012, with additionalTotat etinformation velleseque audant provided mo by (CelestusTotat et duquesneyi velleseque audant; bottom) mo are very rarely encountered as a consequence Byron Wilson, Jamaican Iguana Recoveryestibus Group. inveliquo velique rerchil ofestibus predation inveliquo by veliqueintroduced rerchil Small Indian Mongooses (Urva auropunctata). erspienimus, quos accullabo. Ilibus erspienimus,Photographs quos courtesy accullabo. of Ilibus the Jamaican Iguana Recovery Group. aut dolor apicto invere pe dolum aut dolor apicto invere pe dolum fugiatis maionsequat eumque fugiatis maionsequat eumque moditia erere nonsedis ma sectiatur moditia erere nonsedis ma sectia- ma derrovitae voluptam, as quos tur ma derrovitae voluptam, as accullabo. members of the Bluefields Bay Fishermen’s Friendly Society have, after a decade of work, successfully curtailed the poach- ing of turtles from the fishing beaches in Bluefields Bay. “In the past, we would regularly pick up the shells of butchered turtles from the beach,” spokesman Wolde Cristos told IPS. “Last year there were none and we have not found any dead turtles so far this year. We also protected 40 nests and guided 1,500 baby turtles to the sea,” he said. Despite the initiatives, Jamaica slipped more than a dozen places on the Environmental Performance Index: From 54th out of 149 countries in 2008 to 89th of 163 coun- tries in 2011. The 2012 EPI ranks Jamaica 63rd out of 132 Despite some success in repatriating head-started Jamaican Iguanas countries. Byron Wilson, a scientist at the University of the (Cyclura collei), once thought to be extinct, these extremely rare lizards still are threatened by habitat destruction from illegal logging and charcoal West Indies (UWI), told IPS that problems are exacerbated burning. Photograph courtesy of the Jamaican Iguana Recovery Group. by “the deplorable attitude of many Jamaicans toward wild- 143 NEWSBRIEFS IRCF REPTILES & AMPHIBIANS • 19(2):143–147 • JUNE 2012 life.” Habitat destruction from illegal logging and charcoal burning, poaching, and associated corruption and a lack of enforcement are some of the main threats to Jamaican wild- life, according to Wilson, who heads the Jamaican Iguana Recovery Group. In 15 years, the project has multiplied the number of breeding female iguanas at monitored communal nesting sites from eight in 1991 to 33 in 2011 by removing hatch- lings from the wild. The baby lizards are raised at the Hope Zoo in Kingston until they are big enough to fend off non- native predators, after which they are repatriated back into the Hellshire Hills. Despite these efforts, iguanas might not have escaped smugglers; aside from individuals sent to U.S. zoos for breeding purposes, some of the extremely rare lizards may certainly have been smuggled out of the country. A growing number of private menageries also threaten Small Indian Mongooses (Urva auropunctata) were introduced into Jamaica during the 19th Century in a misguided effort to control invasive wildlife, in addition to increasing instances of tourists plac- rats in sugarcane fields. Despite localized efforts to control them, such ing orders for rare species. The shopping lists often include as trapping in the Hellshire Hills, these efficient predators have wrought Hawksbill, Leatherback, and freshwater Jamaican Slider havoc with ground-dwelling lizards and snakes, causing the extinction Turtles, Jamaican Boas, and American Crocodiles, all of of several taxa and dramatic reductions in the numbers of many others. Photograph courtesy of the Jamaican Iguana Recovery Group. which are protected species. “The enforcement of laws is totally inadequate. Rangers monitor only the fringes and Humans continue to invade and degrade even remote habitats. Here, a charcoal kiln is clearly evident in the Hellshire Hills, which have been described as one of the last substantial areas of primary, undisturbed dry forest in the West Indies. Photograph courtesy of the Jamaican Iguana Recovery Group. 144 NEWSBRIEFS IRCF REPTILES & AMPHIBIANS • 19(2):143–147 • JUNE 2012 The 20-centimeter Asian Box Turtle is listed as “vulner- able” in the Philippines, although it is also found in other tropical countries of southeastern Asia. Philippine officials took the unprecedented step of travel- ing to Hong Kong and retrieving the turtles because they are so rare. Palawan’s governor received them at the Manila air- port. The 18 turtles will be rehabilitated before being released in the wild. The Chinese smuggler was arrested at Hong Kong International Airport on 8 February after the turtles were found in his luggage. He was charged and fined HK$8,000 (US$1,000) under local laws aimed at protecting endangered species. Trafficking in pond turtles is punishable by a six-year The Jamaican Coney (Geocapromys brownii), also known as the Jamaican prison
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