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Article Download wjpls, 2018, Vol. 4, Issue 8, 153-159 Research Article ISSN 2454-2229 Sathyamurthy et al. World Journal of Pharmaceutical World Journal and Lifeof Pharmaceutical Sciences and Life Sciences WJPLS www.wjpls.org SJIF Impact Factor: 5.088 GCMS AND FTIR ANALYSIS ON THE METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF RED VITIS VINIFERA PULP 1Naresh S., 1Sunil K. S., 1Akki Suma, 1Ashika B. D., 1Chitrali Laha Roy, *2Dr. Balasubramanian Sathyamurthy 1Department of Biochemistry, Ramaiah College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Bangalore – 560054. *2Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Ramaiah College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Bangalore – 560054. *Corresponding Author: Dr. Balasubramanian Sathyamurthy Department of Biochemistry, Ramaiah College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Bangalore – 560054. Article Received on 12/06/2018 Article Revised on 02/07/2018 Article Accepted on 23/07/2018 ABSTRACT Red Vitis Vinifera pulp has major components such as Organic acids, Malate, Tartrate and Sugars and contains higher moisture content. Our work is designed to identify the possible phytochemicals compounds present in the methanolic extract of red grape pulp by using GCMS along with functional group analysis through FTIR. From the GCMS analysis of red Vitis Vinifera pulp nearly 61 compounds were identified. By FTIR analysis, strong absorption band was found at 3400 cm–1, which represents the amine groups and ketones at a frequency of –1 1066.02 cm gave maximum peaks. Hence, we can conclude that the red Vitis Vinifera pulp extract is rich in amines, ether and ester groups. KEYWORDS: GCMS, FTIR, spectral analysis, NIST. 1. INTRODUCTION biochemical and organic mixtures and it is also highly compatible.[4] Infrared spectroscopy is most powerful Red Grapes or Vitis vinifera is a Berry fruit and belongs technique for materials analysis and used in the to the group of versatile fruits which are used in a wide laboratories. Infrared absorption spectroscopy is the range as popular foods - from raisins to jelly to wine. study of interaction of infrared radiation with matter as a Over 72 million tons of grapes are grown every year and function of photon frequency. Fourier Transform 7.2 trillion gallons of wine is produced. Grapes are rich Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) ensures accurate source of many vital nutrients and anti-oxidants.[1] Many information about the rotation, vibration, of the particular berry fruit together form a bunch of grapes. The essential chemical bonding and molecular structures, thereby parts of fruit are Peel, Pulp, and Seeds. Inside the skin helping to analyze inorganic as well as organic layer is the Pulp or flesh. Cells in the pulp have cell sap compounds. An infrared spectrum relates sample with large vacuoles. When berries are crushed, the cells fingerprint with absorption peaks which corresponds the break to release the juice in the pulp. The pulp majorly frequencies of vibrating mode among the bonds of the contains water (65%-85% of grape weight), sugars atoms that it is made up of. Each different material is a (15%-25%), it directs the sweetness. It is attributed to combinational mix of atoms; no two compounds produce different mix of acids such as malic acid, tartaric acid, the exact same infrared spectrum. Therefore, infrared succinic acid, ascorbic acid, citric acid, phenols, and spectroscopy can be used for qualitative analysis flavonoids.[2] These are considered to have biological identification of test samples. In addition, the size of the properties, not only limited to anti-oxidant, anti- peaks determined by the spectrum is a directly inflammatory, anti-cancer, antimicrobial, antiviral, proportional to the amount of material present in the test cardioprotective, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective sample. With modern software algorithms, infrared is an activities but also as a nutraceuticals.[3] excellent tool for quantitative analysis. It is most important technique for identification of the functional GC-MS is a method that couples two different analytical groups present in the sample. The characteristic of techniques, gas-liquid chromatography and mass chemical bond can be analysed by different wavelength spectrometry to identify different phytochemical of light absorbed.[5] compounds present in a test sample. GC can separate volatile as well as semi-volatile compounds with higher Our present work was aimed to identify the possible resolution, but it cannot identify them. MS can be used to phytochemical compounds using GCMS along with its obtain structural information of the compound, but it cannot separate readily. It is used to analyse complex www.wjpls.org 153 Sathyamurthy et al. World Journal of Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences functional groups using FTIR, present in the methanolic 2.3. Identification of Compounds extract of red grape pulp. Interpretation of mass spectrum GC-MS was done using the database of National Institute of Standard and 2. MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY technology (NIST). The spectrum of the unknown component was compared with the spectrum of the 2.1. Preparation of plant materials and extract for In known components stored in the NIST library. Vitro studies The Red Vitis Vinifera is collected from The 2.4. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometer Horticultural Department, University of Agricultural (FTIR) Analysis sciences, Gandhi Krishi Vignan Kendra, Bangalore. 10 Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometer (FTIR) is grams of the dried pulp material was powdered and the most important and powerful tool for identifying the placed in Soxhlet extractor along with 150 ml of functional groups present in the sample The wavelength methanol and refluxed at 60°C for 8hrs. The methanolic of light absorbed is the characteristic of the chemical extract was filtered through Whatmann No. 1 filter. The bond. The chemical bonds in a molecule can be filtrate was evaporated to dryness at 80°C and stored determined by interpreting the infrared absorption until further analysis. For analysis, the dried material was spectrum. reconstituted in 1 ml methanol, and was subjected for GCMS analysis [6]. Reagents required: Potassium bromide (KBr). 2.2. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Control: Pong oil. The methanolic extract of the Red Vitis Vinifera pulp was subjected to analysis on a GC- MS Clarus 500 Procedure Perkin Elmer system comprising a AOC-20i autosampler Dried powder of methanolic solvent extract of vitis and gas chromatograph interfaced to a mass spectrometer vinifera pulp was used for FTIR analysis. 10mg of the (GC- MS) instrument employing the following sample was encapsulated in 100mg of KBr pellet, to conditions: Restek RtxR – 5, (30 meter X 0.25 mm) (5% prepare translucent sample disc. The powdered sample of diphenyl / 95% dimethyl polysiloxane), running in methanolic extract was loaded in FTIR spectroscope electron impact mode at 70 eV; helium (99. 999%) was (Burker make Tensor 27 model FT-IR, 64 scans at a used as carrier gas at a constant flow of 1ml/min and an spectral resolution of 4 cm-1). injection volume of 1.0 µl was employed(split ratio of 10:1); injector temperature 280 0C. The oven temperature 3. RESULTS was programmed from 40°C (isothermal for 5 min.), with an increase of 6 0C / min to 280 0C, then ending 3.1. Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry with an isothermal for 15min at 280°C. Mass spectra (GCMS) Analysis were taken at 70 eV; 0.5 seconds of scan interval and The GCMS chromatogram for the methanolic extract of fragments from 40 to 550 Da. Total GC running time red grapes pulp is shown in the Figure – 1 and the was 60 minutes. interpretation is given in Table – 1. Figure 1: GC- MS chromatogram of red grapes pulp. www.wjpls.org 154 Sathyamurthy et al. World Journal of Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences Table 1: GC- MS chromatogram of red grape pulp. Retention Peak Name of the compound Activity time area Lipid formulation. 4.338 Formaldehyde, dimethylhydrazone 2.40 Treating neurodegenerative diseases. modified iRNA agents 4.338 Thietane, 2,4-dimethyl- 2.40 Sweetener, Pesticide. 4.338 Ethanimidic acid, ethyl ester 2.40 Antitumor agent. Antagonist. 4H-Pyran-4—one, 2,3-dihydro-3,5- 4.416 2.30 Flavour improvement dihydroxy-6-methyl. 4.416 Isopropyl isothiocyanate. 2.30 Used as medicament 4.416 Propane, 1-isothiocyanato. 2.30 Used as medicament 4.662 2-Furancarboxaldehyde, 5-methyl- 0.52 HIV inhibiting pyrimidines derivatives 5.309 1,2,4 – Cyclopentanetrione, 3-methyl 0.80 Used in ink. 5.309 4,5-Diamino-2-hydroxypyrimidine 0.80 Antiviral, antitumor. 5.309 Pyrazole-5-carboxamide, 4-amino- 0.80 Novel kinase inhibitors. 5.441 2- (tert-Butylamino)ethanol 0.63 Antiviral compounds. Methylating agent act on cell proliferation, cell 5.441 Methylazoxymethanol acetate 0.63 survival, DNA synthesis 5.590 1,3,5-Triazine-2,4,6-triamine 6.29 Antibacterial, Antifungal 5.590 Thymine 6.29 Antibacterial, Antifungal Anti-viral, antitumor, antimetastatic immune 5.590 4,5-Diamino-2-hydroxypyrimidine 6.29 system 5.734 2-Furancarboxylic acid, hydrazide 1.02 Treatment of cancer. 5.734 Furyl hydroxymethyl ketone 1.02 Prebiotic preparation. 5.734 Methyl 2-furoate 1.02 Treatment of inflammation and pain. 5.884 Malonic acid,ethyl 2-methylpent-3 -yl ester 0.65 No activity reported Antimicrobial, Antibacterial agent, Biofilm 5.884 Silane, ethenylethoxydimethyl- 0.65 development controller. Affect autonomic neurotransmission, blood 4H-Pyran-4-one, 2,3-dihydro-3,5- 6.159 9.02 pressure, body activity,Anti proliferative and dihydroxy-6-methyl- pro-apoptotic effects. 2,4-dihydroxy- Flavourant analysis. Anti microbial activity, Anti 6.159 2,5-dimethyl- 9.02 fungal. 3(2H)-Furan-3- one. 6.441 Ethanamine, N- ethyl-N-nitroso- 0.79 Antitumoral agents. 6.441 2-Imidazolidinethione 0.79 Serine protease inhibitors. 6.626 Propanal, 2,3-dihydroxy-, (S)- 4.21 CDK9 Kinase Inhibitors. 6.626 Propylamine, N,N,2,2-tetramethyl- n-oxide 4.21 No activity reported 6.938 2(3H) -Furanone, dihydro-4-hydroxy- 0.82 HIV Integrase inhibitors.
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