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Raport Rechizitoriu Despre Fratricidul Din 13-15 Iunie 1990

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Raport Rechizitoriu Despre Fratricidul Din 13-15 Iunie 1990 Raport-rechizitoriu despre fratricidul din 13-15 iunie 1990 elaborat sub egida Departamentului pentru analiza crimelor neocomunismului în România din cadrul Asociaţiei 21 Decembrie 1989 - publicat la 11 iunie 2009 - Coordonator: Sorin Ilieşiu „Raportul coordonat de Sorin Ilieşiu se situează în prelungirea logică şi firească a documentului pe baza căruia preşedintele Traian Băsescu a condamnat regimul comunist din România drept ilegitim şi criminal. Cu minuţioasă pasiune, îmbinând obiectivitatea cu o atitudine critică în raport cu samavolniciile, abuzurile, uzurpările şi imposturile specifice regimului de restauraţie de FSN şi simbolizat de Ion Iliescu, acest Raport deschide, o sper din suflet, acea dezbatere naţională fără de care rămânem blocaţi în derizoriul mlăştinos al minciunii.” Vladimir Tismăneanu 13 iunie 2009 1 Mulţumim pe această cale celor care au făcut posibilă elaborarea prezentului raport 2 SUMAR: Pag.7: Introducere Pag.11: Scurtă prezentare a plângerilor şi protestelor împotriva factorilor responsabili pentru evenimentele din 13-15 iunie 1990 Pag.12: Prezentare a dezideratelor anticomuniste ale societăţii româneşti exprimate în cadrul manifestaţiei din Piaţa Universităţii (22 aprilie 1990 – 12 iunie 1990) Pag.18: Declaraţii ale generalului-magistrat Dan Voinea care a instrumentat dosarul referitor la evenimentele din 13-15 iunie 1990 Pag.20: Contextul istoric al manifestaţiei din Piaţa Universităţii şi al fratricidului din 13-15 iunie 1990. Pag.23: Scrut istoric al manifestaţiei din Piaţa Universităţii Pag.27: Reprimarea din 13 iunie 1990 Pag.31: Evenimentele de la sediul Televiziunii Române Pag.32: Victime. Pagube în instituţiile vandalizate. Pag.38: Aducerea în capitală a unor grupuri de mineri şi muncitori din ţară. Mineriada. Pag.39: Implicarea autorităţilor în evenimentele din 13-15 iunie 1990 Pag.39: Implicarea Preşedintelui Ion Iliescu Pag.41: Implicarea Primului-Ministru Petre Roman şi a Guvernului Pag.41: Implicarea Ministerului de Interne Pag.44: Implicarea Ministerului Apărării Naţionale Pag.48: Implicarea Procuraturii Pag.52: Implicarea Serviciului Român de Informaţii Pag.57: Pagube materiale şi financiare ale statului ca urmare a evenimentelor din 13-15 iunie 1990 Pag.57: Pagube la Ministerul Apărării Naţionale Pag.57: Pagube la Ministerul de Interne Pag.57: Pagube la Servicul Român de Informaţii Pag.57: Pagube la Ministerul Transporturilor 3 Pag.59: Pagube la Ministerul Minelor Pag.60: Contravaloarea hranei şi cazării minerilor la Sala Polivalentă şi la diferite hoteluri ale statului Pag.60: Pagube generale ale statului Pag.60: Încadrarea juridică a faptelor Pag.62: Culpabilizarea Justiţiei şi a statului postdecembrist. Instaurarea terorismul de stat în perioada infracţională decembrie 1989 – iunie 1990. Pag.65: Opoziţia anticomunistă Pag.67: Anexa 1: Lista cu 406 persoane aduse la Unitatea Militară Băneasa a Ministerului de Interne unde acestea au fost lipsite ilegal de libertate şi torturate, ca urmare a evenimentelor din 13- 15 iunie 1990 Pag.79: Anexa 2: Prezenţa covârşitoare a membrilor FSN în comisiile parlamentare de anchetă a evenimentelor din 13-15 iunie 1990 organizate de FSN Pag.80: Anexa 3: Fragmente din Raport elaborat de Grupul pentru Dialog Social asupra evenimentelor din 13-15 iunie 1990, Bucuresti. Pag.87: Anexa 4: Mărturie. Mihai Şora: ―Un balet organizat― Pag.88: Anexa 5: Fragmente din studiul „13-15 iunie 1990. Realitatea unei puteri neocomuniste‖. Paris, 1990. Bucureşti, 2006. Autori: Mihnea Berindei, Ariadna Combes, Anne Planche. Pag.103: Anexa 6: Extras din „Raportul participanţilor la misiunea Comitetelor Helsinki care au vizitat România în perioada 9 - 13 august 1990‖ Pag.107: Anexa 7: Raportul opoziţiei anticomuniste din Comisia Parlamentară de anchetă a evenimentelor din 13-15 iunie 1990. Opinie separată. Pag.149: Anexa 8: Rechizitoriul din 27 iulie 2007, elaborat de procurorii conduşi de generalul- magistrat Dan Voinea din cadrul secţiei Parchetelor Militare, pentru trimiterea în judecată a inculpaţilor militari pentru uciderea şi rănirea prin împuşcare a unor persoane la data de 13 iunie 1990. 4 „Ne adresăm tuturor forţelor democratice ale ţării care şi-au dat votul pentru libertate şi stabilitate în România, cu chemarea de a sprijini acţiunea de lichidare a acestei rebeliuni legionare, de a conlucra cu forţele de ordine şi cu armata pentru restabilirea ordinii, izolarea şi arestarea elementelor extremiste care trebuie aduse în faţa justiţiei pentru a da socoteală de cele comise. (...) Este de acum clar că ne aflăm în faţa unei tentative organizate, pregătite din timp, de a răsturna prin forţă, prin violenţă dezlănţuită, conducerea aleasă în mod liber şi democrat, a ţării, la 20 mai anul curent. (...) Pe sediul Poliţiei capitalei s-a ridicat drapelul verde, legionar, deci mişcarea este o rebeliune legionară şi se tratează ca atare! (...) Trebuie să punem capăt acţiunilor rebele ale elementelor extremiste, reacţionare. Să fim pregătiţi pentru orice încercare a acestor elemente lipsite de raţiune, lipsite de respect pentru opţiunea, pentru alegerea poporului român! Să le dăm riposta cuvenită! Să înăbuşim din faşă rebeliunea legionară şi să asigurăm dezvoltarea democratică a ţării!”. Ion Iliescu, 13 iunie 1990 Notă: Aceste apeluri oficiale au fost făcute la trei săptămâni după câştigarea alegerilor prezidenţiale de către Ion Iliescu cu 85% şi a alegerile parlamentare de către FSN, partidul condus de Ion Iliescu, cu 66%. 5 „Au intrat mai mult de o sută de mineri; erau înarmaţi cu bâte, răngi de fier şi topoare. Topoare de tăiat lemne. Se înghesuiau care mai de care să lovească. Erau însoţiţi de indivizi în civil care îi călăuzeau. Eram înconjurată de o mulţime de mineri, care mă priveau duşmănos. Unul din ei a ridicat toporul şi m-a lovit în cap. Din fericire toporul a alunecat într-o parte şi nu m-a nimerit chiar în plin. La început ne-au lovit pe toţi cu topoarele numai în cap. Apoi, după ce am căzut la pământ, au început să mă lovească cu bâtele şi cu picioarele unde nimereau. Ne-au scos de acolo sub o ploaie continuă de lovituri, traşi de păr pe scări, pe trotuarele pline de geamuri sparte şi de asfalt ars. Din cauza rănii căpătate la cap, puteam zări doar printre şiroaiele de sânge care îmi inundau faţa. (...) Nu mai ştiu ce s-a întâmplat apoi, pentru că am leşinat, dar trebuie să spun totuşi că în afara obscenităţilor incredibile pe care mi-a fost dat să le aud, ultima frază de care îmi amintesc este propunerea făcută de cineva, nu ştiu de cine anume, de a tăia sânii uneia dintre colegele noastre cu toporul. Nu pot să spun dacă acest lucru a fost înfăptuit sau nu, dar ideea mi-a îngheţat sângele în vine.“ M.B., studentă în anul III la Filologie „...cum de a fost posibil ca aceşti tineri minunaţi – care, ei, s-au jertfit cei dintâi, în urmă cu jumătate de an, pentru ca noi toţi să ne putem bucura azi de libertate (ne mai putem oare?) - , cum de a fost posibil ca tocmai ei (care, după cum înseşi autorităţile au recunoscut, n-au avut nici un amestec în luptele de stradă din ziua de 13 iunie, de tristă memorie), cum de a fost posibil ca tocmai ei să fi fost stâlciţi în bătaie (de către cine?), şi cum de e posibil ca acuma să fie aruncaţi prada oprobiului public?” Mihai Şora, iunie 1990 „Noi am venit să apăram Guvernul, nu să lovim populaţia nevinovată“, spune Ion Bucur din Petrila, răspunzând ziaristului de la Expres care-l întreabă: „Dar atunci, cine a lovit, cine a omorât?“ „Se aflau printre noi persoane infiltrate despre care nu ştiam nimic.“ „Nu am putut afla cine erau cei ce au lovit oamenii, dar se vedea perfect că erau curaţi, că salopetele lor erau absolut noi, iar căştile şi lămpile lor nu purtau urme de cărbune“, confirmă şi Gheorghe Gheorghe, miner. 6 INTRODUCERE Istoria „experimentelor‖ comuniste de tip fratricid în România include următoarele: 1. „Experimentul Piteşti” (1949-1952) despre care Alexandr Soljeniţîn, laureat al Premiul Nobel pentru literatură, a afirmat că este "cea mai teribilă barbarie a lumii contemporane". Istoricul François Furet, membru al Academiei Franceze, îl descrie ca "una dintre cele mai cumplite experienţe de dezumanizare pe care le-a cunoscut epoca noastră". Circa 2000 de studenţi anticomunişti au fost victime ale „experimentului Piteşti‖. Finalmente, scopul acestui experiment, „reeducarea prin tortură‖, a reprezentat un eşec. 2. „Experimentul Bucureşti” din 22-27 decembrie 1989 care s-a derulat sub forma unui genocid datorat în principal diversiunii „teroriştii‖ promovate de Ion Iliescu şi colaboratorii acestuia prin intermediul „Televiziunii Române Libere‖, a Radiodifuziunii şi a presei scrise centrale. Victimele „experimentului Bucureşti‖ din 22-27 decembrie 1989 au fost în jur de 5000 de oameni: aproximativ 1000 de morţi şi circa 4000 de răniţi, unii fiind mutilaţi pe viaţă. Scopul acestui experiment a fost integral realizat: deturnarea şi furtul, prin genocid, al revoluţiei anticomuniste. 3. „Experimentul Bucureşti” din 13-15 iunie 1990 care s-a derulat sub forma unui fratricid conceput de liderii Frontului Salvării Naţionale (partidul care deţinea puterea absolută, continuator al fostului partid comunist) în frunte cu Ion Iliescu. Experimentul a fost executat de către forţele Ministerului de Interne, ale Ministerului Apărării Naţionale, ale Serviciului Român de Informaţii, ale Procuraturii, cu sprijinul altor instituţii ale statului (în primul rând, Ministerul Transporturilor), precum şi de către zeci de mii de muncitori din întreaga ţară, dar şi din Bucureşti. Acest fratricid a fost îndreptat împotriva manifestanţilor
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