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ENH25 UFFLORiDA IFAS Extension

Native for Home Landscapes 1

R. J. Black2

Of all the states, Florida has the greatest wealth encouraged. It is against the law to destroy, injure, of native plants for use in the average rural or urban harvest, collect, pick or remove any plants covered by home landscape. Native plants desirable for home the law without prior written permission from the use range from the spectacular southern magnolia to landowner or legal occupant of the land. Another the miniature creeping vine of the partridge . Florida law specifically protects sea oats and sea The state has nearly half of the species of grapes. It is against the law to dig up or remove these available in north of . So plants whose growth helps prevent beach erosion. many of Florida's native plants are useful that the Some nurseries stock native plants. tables included here list only those with the greatest potential landscape use. In the tables of native Florida plants included here, plants are first grouped by type such as ground Native plants are equally practical and attractive cover or small . Within a type they are listed on rural and urban home grounds. You may already alphabetically by common name. know and appreciate some native plants but be unfamiliar with many others that could be used ¥ Table 1 . Ground Covers. freely. Native plants are adapted to the climate and ¥ Table 2 . Vines. soil conditions of a given area and usually have fewer pest problems. Therefore their use in landscaping can ¥ Table 3 . . decrease maintenance. Some plants have specific growth requirements; others thrive under a variety of ¥ Table 4 . Small Trees. climatic and soil conditions. You need to consider ¥ Table 5 . Large Trees. the native habitat of a and plan its use in a similar environment. ¥ Table 6 . Palms. Remember that Florida's native wild plants are protected under the Plant Protection Law.† Under this law both preservation and propagation are

1. This document is ENH-25 (which supersedes OH-25), one of a series of the Department of Environmental Horticulture, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Date first printed: September 1985. Dates reviewed/revised: June 1997, October 2003. Please visit the EDIS website at http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu 2. Robert J. Black, professor emeritus, extension consumer horticulturist, Department of Environmental Horticulture, Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, 32611.

The Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS) is an Equal Opportunity Institution authorized to provide research, educational information and other services only to individuals and institutions that function with non-discrimination with respect to race, creed, color, religion, age, disability, sex, sexual orientation, marital status, national origin, political opinions or affiliations. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service, University of Florida, IFAS, Florida A. & M. University Cooperative Extension Program, and Boards of County Commissioners Cooperating. Larry Arrington, Dean Native Florida Plants for Home Landscapes 2

Endnote

† Note on Plant Protection Law: Section 581.185 of the Florida Statutes is an act to preserve the state's native trees and plants. Section 370.041 prohibits the removal or digging up of sea oats and sea grapes. Copies of the entire law and are available on request from the Florida Department of Agriculture, Division of Plant Industry, P. 0. Box 1269, Gainesville, Florida 32601. 3 4 4 Salt Spray Tol. Salt Spray Tol. - + + + + - - --- Soil Req. Average Soil Req. Moist Dry Moist, acid Well drained - Moist

3 - -- 3 Sn Light Req. Sn S Sn Pt Sh to Sh Light Req. - - -- Sn to Pt Sh = tolerance unknown - Flowering Season Spring, summer Spring Summer - Flowering Season - - -- Spring = not tolerant; ? Inconspicuous Color White, pink White Pinkish lavender Inconspicuous Flower Color Yellow

2 -

- -- 2 Foliage E E E E E Foliage - - -- SEV Landscape Uses: Coastal locations. Height Height 2 inches 20 feet 3-12 inches 1-2 inches 4 inches 18-36 inches Landscape Uses: Edging, mass. - - -- Landscape Uses: Trellis, fence. 1 1 Landscape Uses: Edging, mass. = north Florida - Pensacola to Jacksonville and south Ocala; C central Leesburg Punta Gorda N Landscape Uses: Mass, hanging basket. Section of State to Which Adapted Section of State to Which Adapted S NC NCS NC CS CS - - --Landscape Uses: Costal locations. = tolerant, exact degree of tolerance unknown for most native plants; - + Sn = sun; Sh shade; Pt partial shade E = evergreen; SEV semi-evergreen; D Section of State to Which Adapted: Foliage: Light Requirement: Salt Spray Tolerance: Common Name Scientific Name Common Name Scientific Name Dichondra, penny grass Dichondra carolinensis 1 2 3 4 Carolina yellow jessamine Gelsemium sempervirens Fort Pierce; S = south Florida - Stuart to Myers and Homestead; CS entire state Native Habitat: Woodlands south to Osceola county. Native Habitat: Hammocks over entire state. Gopher apple Licania michauxii Native Habitat: Pinelands and sand dunes over entire state. Partridge berry Mitchella repens Native Habitat: Moist, acid sites in north central Florida. Railroad vine Ipomoea pescaprae Native Habitat: Sandy shores. Boston fern Nephrolepis exaltata Native Habitat: Moist hammocks. Table 2. Native Florida Plants for Home Landscapes: Vines. Native Florida Plants for Home Landscapes Table 1. Native Florida Plants for Home Landscapes: Ground Covers. 4 4 4 Salt Spray Tol. - - ? Salt Spray Tol. + -- - + Soil Req. Any except light sands Any except alkaline Average Soil Any Any if well drained ~~ - 3 3 Light Req. Sn to Pt Sh Sn SN Light Req. Sh -- - Sn to Sh = tolerance unknown Flowering Season Summer Spring to summer - Flowering Season and Color Summer -- - Orange seed in winter = not tolerant; ? Flower Color Red Orange Inconspicuous Flower Color White -

~ 2

-- 2 Landscape Uses: Screen. Foliage D D SEV Foliage E E ~~

- Landscape Uses: Border. Height Height 20 feet 4 feet 50 feet 3 feet 30 feet Landscape Uses: Screen. --- 1 1 Landscape Uses: Rock gardens; background. = north Florida - Pensacola to Jacksonville and south Ocala; C central Leesburg Punta Gorda N Section of State to Which Adapted Section of State to Which Adapted NC NCS NC NCS ---N = tolerant, exact degree of tolerance unknown for most native plants; - + Sn = sun; Sh shade; Pt partial shade E = evergreen; SEV semi-evergreen; D deciduous Section of State to Which Adapted: Foliage: Light Requirement: Salt Spray Tolerance: Common Name Scientific Name Common Name Scientific Name Southern honeysuckle Lonicera sempervirens 1 2 3 4 Small shrubs Adam's needle, beargrass Yucca smalliana Fort Pierce; S = south Florida - Stuart to Myers and Homestead; CS entire state Native Habitat: Pine flatwoods in northwestern Florida. Trumpet creeper Campsis radicans Native Habitat: Flatwoods in northwest Florida. Coontie Zamia floridana Native Habitat: Thoughout north and central Florida, except on alkaline soils. Virginia creeper, Partenocissus quinquefolia Native Habitat: Pinelands and flatwoods of northcentral Florida. Native Habitat: Pine flatwoods over entire state. Landscape Uses: Fences; on trees. Table 3. Native Florida Plants for Home Landscapes: Shrubs. Native Florida Plants for Home Landscapes Table 2. Native Florida Plants for Home Landscapes: Vines. 5 4 Salt Spray Tol. - - ? + + + - + -- - -- ? Soil Average Well drained Average Average Acid, wet Dry Acid, well drained Sand -- - -- Average 3 Light Req. Pt Sh Pt Sh Pt Sh Sn to Pt Sh Sn to Pt Sh Sn Pt Sh Sn -- - -- Sn to Pt Sh Flowering Season and Fruit Color Spring; red seeds in fall Spring; purple fruit in fall Spring Year round; black fruit year round Black fruit in winter Spring and summer Summer Year round; black fruit year round -- - -- Summer Flower Color Red Purple White Red - White White White -- -- Pink 2 - Foliage D D E E E E D E D Landscape Uses: Mass. -- --

- Landscape Uses: Mass. Height 4 feet 8 feet 6 feet 10 feet 10 feet 6 feet 6 feet 6 feet 8 feet Landscape Uses: Foundation, base screen. -- - -- Landscape Uses: Foundation. Landscape Uses: In front of large shrubs. 1 Landscape Uses: Coastal locations. Section of State to Which Adapted NCS NC NC CS NCS S N S N --Landscape Uses: Screen. - -- Common Name Scientific Name Eastern coralbean Erythrina herbacea Medium shrubs Native Habitat: Hammocks over the entire state. American beautybush Native Habitat: Hammocks and rich woodlands in northcentral Florida. Fetterbush Lyonia lucida Native Habitat: Entire state. Firebush Hamelia patens Gallberry Ilex glabra Native Habitat: Throughout central and south Florida. Native Habitat: Flatwoods over entire state. Landscape Uses: Trimmed hedges, foundation. Inkberry Scaevola plumieri Native Habitat: Coasts of southern Florida. Oakleaf hydrangea Hydrangea quercifolia Native Habitat: Flatwoods and swamps of northwestern Florida. Sea lavender Tournefortia gnophalodes Native Habitat: Beaches and sand dunes. Landscape Uses: Coastal conditions. Strawberry bush Euonymus americana Native Habitat: Rich woodlands in northern Florida. Native Florida Plants for Home Landscapes Table 3. Native Florida Plants for Home Landscapes: Shrubs. 6 4 Salt Spray Tol. ? ? ? ? ? + ? + ------Soil Moist to wet Acid, well drained Well drained, fertile Average Average Dry Acid, well drained Average, wet or dry Average -- - - Average 3 Light Req. Sn to Pt Sh Pt Sh Sn to Pt Sh Sn to Pt Sh Pt Sh to Sh Sn Pt Sh to Sh Sn Sn to Pt Sh -- - - Sn Flowering Season and Fruit Color Summer Summer Spring Spring, summer Spring; red fruit in summer Spring Spring; black fruit in fall Spring - -- - - Summer; red fruit in fall Flower Color Red White to pink Red to brown White or black White Yellow White White Inconspicuous -- - White 2 - Foliage E D D SEV E D E E E -- - - E Height 10 feet 10 feet 10 feet 8 feet 8 feet 20 feet 3-15 feet 20 feet 20-45 feet 20 feet Landscape Uses: Specimen. --Landscape Uses: Natural areas, small tree. - - 1 Landscape Uses: Screen, clipped specimens. Landscape Uses: Coastal locations. Landscape Uses: Foundation, base. Landscape Uses: Informal plantings. Landscape Uses: Specimen, foundation. Landscape Uses: Natural areas. Section of State to Which Adapted CS N N NC S S NC CS NC -- - - CS Common Name Scientific Name Swamp hibiscus Hibiscus coccineus Native Habitat: Swamps of central and south Florida. Sweet pepperbush Clethra alnifolia Native Habitat: Hammocks of northwestern Florida. Sweet Calycanthus floridus Native Habitat: Rich woodland soils. Walter viburnum Viburnum obovatum Native Habitat: South to Sarasota county. Wild coffee Psychotria nervosa Large shrubs Bay cedar Suriana maritima Native Habitat: Coasts of southern Florida. Blueberry Vaccinium spp. Native Habitat: South to Manatee county. Cocoplum Chrysobalanus icaco Native Habitat: Throughout southern Florida. Devilwood Osmanthus americanus Native Habitat: South to Marion county. Eugenia Eugenia spp. Native Florida Plants for Home Landscapes Table 3. Native Florida Plants for Home Landscapes: Shrubs. 7 4 Salt Spray Tol. - - ? + ? - ? - - -+ Soil Average Average Fertile, well drained Moist Acid, well drained Moist, acid, well drained Dry - - -Dry 3 Light Req. Pt Sh to Sh Sn to Pt Sh Pt Sh Pt Sh to Sh Sh to Pt Sh Sh to Pt Sh Pt Sh - - -Sn Flowering Season and Fruit Color Spring Spring; yellow fruit in summer and fall Black fruit in fall Year round; Black fruit Spring Spring Red fruit in fall - - -Year round Flower Color Red to purple Blue - White Pink to white Pink to white - - - Yellow - 2 - Landscape Uses: Coastal locations. Foliage E E SEV E E D E E

- - Landscape Uses: Mass. - Height 20 feet 18 feet 10 feet 20 feet 20 feet 8-20 feet 15 feet - - 15 feet Landscape Uses: Specimen, informal hedge. - 1 Landscape Uses: Informal hedge. Landscape Uses: Background, screen. Landscape Uses: Clipped hedge. Landscape Uses: Specimen, mass. Landscape Uses: Specimen, patio. Section of State to Which Adapted NC CS NCS S N N NC - - -S Common Name Scientific Name Native Habitat: Most of southern Florida. Florida anise Illicium floridanum Native Habitat: Western Florida. Golden dewdrop Duranta repens Native Habitat: Everglades and the Keys. Large gallberry Ilex coriacae Marlberry Ardisia escallonioides Native Habitat: Flatwoods of northwestern Florida. Native Habitat: Coastal hammocks of southern Florida. Landscape Uses: Screen, specimen. Mountain laurel Kalmia latifolia Native Habitat: Western Florida. Native azaleas, wild honeysuckle Rhododendron spp. Native Habitat: Moist, acidic soils throughout northwestern Florida. Scrub holly Ilex opaca arenicola ( I. cumulicola ) Native Habitat: Scrubland of central Florida. Silver bush Sophora tomentosa Native Habitat: Sand dunes and coastal hammocks of southern Florida. Native Florida Plants for Home Landscapes Table 3. Native Florida Plants for Home Landscapes: Shrubs. Native Florida Plants for Home Landscapes 8

Table 3. Native Florida Plants for Home Landscapes: Shrubs.

Common Name Section of State to Height Foliage2 Flower Color Flowering Light Soil Salt Scientific Name Which Adapted1 Season and Req.3 Spray Fruit Color Tol.4

Southern wax myrtle NCS 20-30 feet E -- Gray fruit in Sn to Pt Wet or dry + Myrica cerifera summer Sh Native Habitat: Over entire state. Landscape Uses: Specimen, informal hedge. Spanish bayonet NCS 20-25 feet E White Spring Sn to Sh Any if well + Yucca aloifolia drained

Native Habitat: Sandy soils over entire state. Landscape Uses: Barriers, enclosures. Varnish S 15 feet E Yellow Summer, Sn to Pt Dry + Dodonaea viscosa fall Sh

Native Habitat: Inland woodlands and hammocks throughout southern Florida. Landscape Uses: Informal plantings, hedges. 1Section of State to Which Adapted: N = north Florida - Pensacola to Jacksonville and south Ocala; C = central Florida - Leesburg south to Punta Gorda and Fort Pierce; S = south Florida - Stuart to Fort Myers and south to Homestead; CS = entire state 2Foliage: E = evergreen; SEV = semi-evergreen; D = deciduous 3Light Requirement: Sn = sun; Sh = shade; Pt Sh = partial shade 4Salt Spray Tolerance: + = tolerant, exact degree of tolerance unknown for most native plants; - = not tolerant; ? = tolerance unknown

Table 4. Native Florida Plants for Home Landscapes: Small Trees.

Common Name Section of State to Height Foliage2 Flower Color Flowering Light Soil Req. Salt Scientific Name Which Adapted1 Season and Req.3 Spray Fruit Color Tol.4

American cherry laurel NC 30-40 feet E White Spring; Pt Sh to Fertile - Prunus caroliniana black fruit in Sh summer Native Habitat: Hammocks and rich woodlands of northern Florida. Landscape Uses: Clipped hedge, screen. American hornbeam, blue NC 30 feet D Inconspicuous -- Sh Average ? beech Carpinus caroliniana 9 4 Salt Spray Tol. + ? ? ? ? - ? + --- -- + Soil Req. Average or dry Average Average, well drained Average Wet Fertile, well drained Moist Alkaline --- -- Average 3 Light Req. Sn Pt Sh Pt Sh to Sh Pt Sh Pt Sh Pt Sh Pt Sh Sn --- -- Sn Flowering Season and Fruit Color Spring Spring; red to yellow fruit in summer Fall; red fruit in spring Summer; black fruit in fall Spring Spring Spring Year round --- -- Spring; orange fruit in summer Flower Color Yellow White Purple White White Greenish with white bracts White Orange --- Blue 2 -- Foliage E D E D D D D E E

---Landscape Uses: Specimen. -- Landscape Uses: Specimen. Landscape Uses: Specimen due to early bloom. Landscape Uses: Exotic specimen. Landscape Uses: Specimen. Height 30 feet 25 feet 30 feet 15 feet 25 feet 30 feet 25 feet 25 feet --- -- 25 feet Landscape Uses: Specimen. Landscape Uses: Shaded areas. 1 Landscape Uses: Specimen. Landscape Uses: Specimen. Section of State to Which Adapted S NC S NC N N NC S --- -- S Common Name Scientific Name Bontia Bontia daphnoides Native Habitat: Low areas south to Lake county. Native Habitat: Florida Keys. Landscape Uses: Foundation, specimen. Chickasaw plum Prunus angustifolia Native Habitat: Hammocks and fence rows of northcentral Florida. Cinnamon bark Canella winterana Native Habitat: Woodlands of southern Florida. Devil's walking stick Aralia spinosa Native Habitat: Low areas in northern and central Florida. Downey serviceberry, shad berry Amelanchier arborea Native Habitat: Woodlands and swamps of western Florida. Flowering dogwood Cornus florida Native Habitat: Moist woodlands south to Orange county. Fringe tree Chionanthus virginicus Native Habitat: Low woodland areas south to Manatee county. Geiger tree Cordia sebestena Native Habitat: Dade county to the Florida Keys. Lignum vitae Guaiacum sanctum Native Habitat: Rare; in Florida Keys. Native Florida Plants for Home Landscapes Table 4. Native Florida Plants for Home Landscapes: Small Trees. 10 4 Salt Spray Tol. + ? ? + + + ? - + ------+ Soil Req. Sand, well drained Moist Average Well drained Average Sand Well drained to dry Fertile Average to alkaline ------Wet or dry 3 Light Req. Sh Pt Sh Sn to Pt Sh Sn Sn Sn Sn Sn Sn to Pt Sh ------Sn to Pt Sh Flowering Season and Fruit Color Year round Red to yellow fruit in fall Winter - - - Red fruit in summer Spring; green fruit in summer Blue fruit in winter ------Gray fruit in summer Flower Color Yellow - Inconspicuous Inconspicuous Inconspicuous - Pink ------2 - - Foliage E E D E E E D D E E -- - Landscape Uses: Specimen, patio. -- - Landscape Uses: Coastal locations. Landscape Uses: Specimen. Landscape Uses: Specimen. Landscape Uses: Specimen. Height 35 feet 25 feet 30 feet 30 feet 30 feet 15-25 feet 25 feet 25 feet 25 feet 20-30 feet -- --Landscape Uses: Espalier, screen, hedge.

- Landscape Uses: Specimen. - 1 Landscape Uses: Screen, specimen. Section of State to Which Adapted S NCS NC NC S CS NCS N NCS ------NCS Common Name Scientific Name Mahoe Hibiscus tiliaceus Native Habitat: Sand dunes of southern Florida. Landscape Uses: Coastal locations. Myrtle dahoon holly Ilex cassine myrtifolia Native Habitat: Moist to wet soils over northcentral Florida. Redbud, Judas tree Cercis canadensis Native Habitat: Fertile woodlands south to Marion county. Sand live oak Quercus germinata Native Habitat: Dunes and scrubland south to the Everglades. Satin leaf Chrysophyllum oliviforme Native Habitat: Coastal hammocks from Brevard county southward. Sea grape Coccoloba uvifera Native Habitat: Coastal hammocks, dunes and beachs. Shining sumac, winged sumac Rhus copallina Native Habitat: Over entire state. Southern crab apple Malus angustifolia Southern red cedar Juniperus silicicola Native Habitat: Western Florida to Taylor county. Native Habitat: Limestone areas south to Sarasota county. Southern wax myrtle Myrica cerifera Native Florida Plants for Home Landscapes Table 4. Native Florida Plants for Home Landscapes: Small Trees. 11 4 4 Salt Spray Tol. + + + + Salt Spray Tol. - + - - Soil Req. Average Soil Req. Fertile, well drained Wet, acid Alkaline - - - Wet or dry 3 3 Light Req. Pt Sh to Sh Sn or Pt Sh Light Req. Sn to Sh Sn to Pt Sh - - - Sn to Pt Sh = tolerance unknown Red fruit in winter Flowering Season and Fruit Color - Black fruit in summer - Flowering Season and Fruit Color - Red fruit in winter - - = not tolerant; ? - Flower Color Inconspicuous - Inconspicuous Flower Color - -

- 2 2 - Landscape Uses: Specimen. E Foliage D E E Foliage E Landscape Uses: Coastal locations. - Landscape Uses: Screen, clipped hedge. - - Landscape Uses: Shade, specimen, street. Height 25 feet 50-100 feet Height 150 feet 50 feet - - - 50 feet 1 1 Landscape Uses: Specimen, windbreak. = north Florida - Pensacola to Jacksonville and south Ocala; C central Leesburg Punta Gorda N Section of State to Which Adapted NC Section of State to Which Adapted NC NCS S S Landscape Uses: Screen, clipped hedge. - - - = tolerant, exact degree of tolerance unknown for most native plants; - + Sn = sun; Sh shade; Pt partial shade E = evergreen; SEV semi-evergreen; D deciduous Section of State to Which Adapted: Foliage: Light Requirement: Salt Spray Tolerance: Common Name Scientific Name Common Name Scientific Name Yaupon holly Ilex vomitoria Native Habitat: Entire state. 1 2 3 4 American holly Ilex opaca Fort Pierce; S = south Florida - Stuart to Myers and Homestead; CS entire state Native Habitat: Hammocks and stream beds of northcentral Florida. Native Habitat: Fertile woodlands and hammocks south to Orange county. Bald cypress Taxodium distichum Native Habitat: Swams throughout Florida, except in the Keys. Black olive Bucida buceras Native Habitat: Rare, in the Florida Keys. Buttonwood Conocarpus erectus Native Habitat: Coastal areas, south from Brevard and Levy counties. Table 5. Native Florida Plants for Home Landscapes: Large Trees. Native Florida Plants for Home Landscapes Table 4. Native Florida Plants for Home Landscapes: Small Trees. 12 4 Salt Spray Tol. + - ? ? ? ? + - + ------+ Soil Req. Wet Fertile Moist Average Moist Average Average to alkaline Average Average to alkaline Fertile, moist ------Any 3 Pt Sh Light Req. Sn to Pt Sh Sn Pt Sh Pt Sh Pt Sh Sn Sn to Pt Sh Sn to Pt Sh Pt Sh ------Sn Red fruit in winter Flowering Season and Fruit Color Winter - - Red fruit in winter - Red fruit in summer - - Spring ------Flower Color White Inconspicuous Inconspicuous - Inconspicuous - Inconspicuous Inconspicuous White - - -- - Inconspicuous 2 -- - - E Foliage E D D E E D SEV E E ------E Landscape Uses: Specimen. Landscape Uses: Specimen. 40 feet Height 20-45 feet 80 feet 60 feet 40 feet 50 feet 60 feet 75 feet 70 feet 70 feet 120 feet

- Landscape Uses: Street. - -- -

-- - - Landscape Uses: Specimen. 1 Landscape Uses: Specimen. Landscape Uses: Specimen. Landscape Uses: Shade. Landscape Uses: Specimen. Landscape Uses: Windbreak. Section of State to Which Adapted NCS NC NC NCS S N S NCS NCS NC NC ------Landscape Uses: Shade, framing. - Common Name Scientific Name Dahoon holly Ilex cassine Native Habitat: Swamps over the entire state. Devilwood Osmanthus americanus Native Habitat: Fertile woodlands south to Marion county. Eastern cottonwood Populus deltoides Native Habitat: Swamps and rivers. Florida basswood, linden Tilia caroliniana Native Habitat: Hammocks south to Orange county. Florida boxwood, yellowwood frutescens Native Habitat: Hammocks in Dade and Monroe counties. Florida torreya, stinking cedar Torreya taxifolia Native Habitat: Inland on moist sites. Gumbo limbo Bursera simaruba Native Habitat: Coasts of southern Florida. Laurel oak Quercus laurifolia Native Habitat: Entire state to Everglades. Live oak Quercus virginiana Native Habitat: Entire state. Loblolly bay Gordonia lasianthus Native Habitat: Flatwoods, bays and hammocks. Longleaf pine Pinus palustris Native Florida Plants for Home Landscapes Table 5. Native Florida Plants for Home Landscapes: Large Trees. 13 4 Salt Spray Tol. + + - - + - + + ? ------Soil Req. Acid or alkaline Sand Fertile, moist Moist Sand Fertile, well drained Any Fertile Fertile, moist ------Fertile, wet 3 Sn to Pt Dh Light Req. Sn Sn to Pt Sh Sn to Pt Sh Sn Sn Sn Sn Sn ------Pt Sh - Flowering Season and Fruit Color Red fruit in winter Winter; red fruit in winter - - - - Spring ------Spring Landscape Uses: Specimen, street. Inconspicuous Flower Color - Red Inconspicuous Inconspicuous Inconspicuous Inconspicuous White Inconspicuous - - - - White 2 -- - -- E Foliage E D D E D E E E ------E Landscape Uses: Street. Landscape Uses: Specimen, street, framing. 50 feet Height 70 feet 80 feet 60 feet 70 feet 100 feet 100 feet 100 feet 100 feet 75 feet - -- Landscape Uses: Specimen. ------1 Landscape Uses: Specimen. Landscape Uses: Specimen. Landscape Uses: Shade, windbreak. Landscape Uses: Coastal locations. Landscape Uses: Specimen. Section of State to Which Adapted S S NCS N NCS NC NCS NC NC NCS ------Landscape Uses: Shade, windbreak. -- - Common Name Scientific Name Mahogany Swietenia mahagoni Native Habitat: Flatwoods and sandhills. Native Habitat: Hammocks in southern Florida and the Keys. Pigeon plum Coccoloba diversifolia Native Habitat: Brevard county to the Keys. Red maple Acer rubrum Native Habitat: Moist to wet sites. River birch, black birch Betula nigra Sand pine Pinus clausa Native Habitat: Stream banks south to Alachua county. Native Habitat: Dunes and scrublands. Shumard oak Quercus shumardii Native Habitat: Well-drained soils underlain by limestone south through Marion county. Slash pine Pinus elliottii Native Habitat: Entire state. Southern magnolia Magnolia grandiflora Native Habitat: Fertile woodlands south to Desoto county. Spruce pine Pinus glabra Native Habitat: Fertile, moist soils. Landscape Uses: Shade. Sweet bay Magnolia virginiana Native Habitat: Flatwoods, bays and swamps. Native Florida Plants for Home Landscapes Table 5. Native Florida Plants for Home Landscapes: Large Trees. 14 4 4 Salt Spray Tol. + - - - Salt Spray Tol. + - -- -+ Soil Req. Soil Req. Average Moist Any Average Moist, rich - ---Average 3 3 Light Req. Sn to Sh Sn to Pt Sh Sn or Pt Sh Light Req. Sn or Pt Sh Sn - --Sn - = tolerance unknown Flowering Season - - - Flowering Season and Fruit Color Spring ------= not tolerant; ? Inconspicuous Flower Color Orange Inconspicuous Inconspicuous Flower Color Inconspicuous Inconspicuous - ~ 2 -- 2 D Foliage D D D Foliage E - E Landscape Uses: Street.

-- - Landscape Uses: Street, specimen, framing. Height 90 feet 100 feet 100 feet Height 100 feet 75 feet - --50 feet - 1 1 Landscape Uses: Specimen. Landscape Uses: Specimen, shade. = north Florida - Pensacola to Jacksonville and south Ocala; C central Leesburg Punta Gorda N Section of State to Which Adapted NCS S Section of State to Which Adapted NCS NC NCS NC - -- Landscape Uses: Specimen, coastal locations. - = tolerant, exact degree of tolerance unknown for most native plants; - + Sn = sun; Sh shade; Pt partial shade E = evergreen; SEV semi-evergreen; D deciduous Section of State to Which Adapted: Foliage: Light Requirement: Salt Spray Tolerance: Common Name Scientific Name Common Name Scientific Name Sweet gum Liquidambar styraciflua 1 2 3 4 Cabbage palm Sabal palmetto Fort Pierce; S = south Florida - Stuart to Myers and Homestead; CS entire state Native Habitat: South to Brevard county. Tulip tree, yellow poplar Liriodendron tulipifera Native Habitat: Entire state. Florida royal palm Roystonea elata Native Habitat: Woodlands and swamps south to Orange county. Water oak Quercus nigra Native Habitat: Southern and southwestern portion of mainland. Native Habitat: Entire state. Landscape Uses: Street. Winged elm Ulmus alata Native Habitat: Throughout northern Florida. Table 6. Native Florida Plants for Home Landscapes: Palms. Native Florida Plants for Home Landscapes Table 5. Native Florida Plants for Home Landscapes: Large Trees. 15 4 Salt Spray Tol. + + + + + -- - - -+ Soil Req. Sandy, well drained Any Any Fertile, moist Variable -- - - - Variable 3 Light Req. Sn to Pt Sh Sn to Pt Sh Sn to Pt Sh Pt Sh Sn to Pt Sh -- - - - Sn to Pt Sh = tolerance unknown Flowering Season ------= not tolerant; ? Flower Color Inconspicuous Inconspicuous Inconspicuous Inconspicuous Inconspicuous - -Inconspicuous 2 -- - Foliage E E E E E -- - - - E Height 25 feet 36 feet 30 feet 6 feet 30 feet 4 feet Landscape Uses: Specimen, tropical effect. -- Landscape Uses: Street, specimen. - - - 1 Landscape Uses: Street, specimen. Landscape Uses: Specimen, foundation. = north Florida - Pensacola to Jacksonville and south Ocala; C central Leesburg Punta Gorda N Section of State to Which Adapted S S S NC CS NCS Landscape Uses: Street, specimen. -- - - - Landscape Uses: Natural areas. = tolerant, exact degree of tolerance unknown for most native plants; - + Sn = sun; Sh shade; Pt partial shade E = evergreen; SEV semi-evergreen; D deciduous Section of State to Which Adapted: Foliage: Light Requirement: Salt Spray Tolerance: Common Name Scientific Name Florida silver palm Coccothrinax argentata 1 2 3 4 Fort Pierce; S = south Florida - Stuart to Myers and Homestead; CS entire state Native Habitat: Broward county south through the Keys. Florida thatch palm Thrinax radiata Native Habitat: South Florida. Key thatch palm Thrinax morrisii Native Habitat: Lower end of mainland and the Keys. Needle palm Rhapidophyllum hystrix Native Habitat: Central and northern Florida. Saw cabbage palm Acoelorrhaphe wrightii Native Habitat: Collier county and Everglades. Saw palmetto Serenoa repens Native Habitat: Entire state. Native Florida Plants for Home Landscapes Table 6. Native Florida Plants for Home Landscapes: Palms.