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Una Nueva Especie De Ennominae (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) De Chile

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Una Nueva Especie De Ennominae (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) De Chile July-August 2005 571 SYSTEMATICS, MORPHOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY Macaria mirthae: Una Nueva Especie de Ennominae (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) de Chile HÉCTOR A. VARGAS1,2 LUIS E. PARRA3 Y AXEL HAUSMANN4 1Lab. Entomología, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Tarapacá, Casilla 6-D, Arica, Chile, [email protected] 2 Becario MECE Educación Superior, Ministerio de Educación, Gobierno de Chile, Programa de Posgraduação em Entomologia, Depto. Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brasil 3Depto. Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Casilla 160-C, Concepción, Chile [email protected] 4 Zoologische Staatssammlung, Munich, Alemania, [email protected] Neotropical Entomology 34(4):571-576 (2005) Macaria mirthae: A New Species of Ennominae (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) from Chile ABSTRACT - A new ennomine species (Geometridae: Ennominae: Macariini) is described from northern Chile: Macaria mirthae sp. nov. Morphology of male and female genitalia of M. mirthae indicates close relationship to Macaria abydata Guenée, 1858. The latter species is widely distributed in the Neotropical and Indo-Pacific regions. Both species can be easily distinguished on the basis of habitus features and male and female genitalia. Larval stages of the new species M. mirthae are associated with Acacia macracantha Humb et Bonpl ex Willd., Prosopis tamarugo Phil. and Geoffroea decorticans (Gill ex Hook et Arn.) Burkart (Fabaceae) in the north of Chile. KEY WORDS: Taxonomy, Macaria abydata, Acacia macracantha, Prosopis tamarugo, Geoffroea .....decorticans RESUMEN - Se presenta una descripción del adulto de Macaria mirthae sp. nov. (Geometridae: Ennominae: Macariini) sobre la base de ejemplares colectados en el norte de Chile. La morfología genital del macho y de la hembra de M. mirthae es muy similar a la de Macaria abydata Guenée, 1858, especie ampliamente distribuida en el Neotrópico y en la región Indo-Pacífica. Sin embargo, ambas pueden ser fácilmente separadas. Los estados inmaduros de M. mirthae están asociados a Acacia macracantha Humb et Bonpl ex Willd., Prosopis tamarugo Phil. y Geoffroea decorticans (Gill ex Hook et Arn.) Burkart (Fabaceae) en el norte de Chile. PALABRAS CLAVE: Taxonomía, Macaria abydata, Acacia macracantha, Prosopis tamarugo, .....Geoffroea decorticans La familia Geometridae se encuentra ampliamente El objetivo de este trabajo ha sido presentar una distribuida, y es una de las más numerosas de Lepidoptera descripción del adulto de una nueva especie de Geometridae con aproximadamente 21.000 especies descritas (Scoble et perteneciente al género Macaria Curtis cuyas larvas folívoras al. 1995, Scoble 1999), de las cuales cerca del 45% fueron colectadas sobre yaro, Acacia macracantha Humb et pertenecen a Ennominae (Minet & Scoble 1999). Pitkin Bonpl ex Willd., y chañar, Geoffroea decorticans (Gill ex (2002) presenta una revisión de la subfamilia Ennominae Hook et Arn.) Burkart (Fabaceae), en los valles de Azapa y en la región Neotropical al nivel de géneros. Chaca, Primera Región, Chile. Algunos Ennominae de Chile han sido estudiados en las últimas décadas y se ha llegado incluso a formular hipótesis Material y Métodos filogenéticas para ciertos grupos (Parra & Hormazábal 1993, Parra & Pascual-Toca 2003). Sin embargo, hay otros muy Algunos de los especímenes utilizados en el presente poco conocidos, de manera especial los que se distribuyen estudio fueron colectados al estado larvario sobre yaro y en el extremo norte de Chile, donde la familia Geometridae chañar en los valles de Azapa y Chaca. Las larvas fueron ha sido escasamente estudiada y existen aún varias especies mantenidas en frascos de vidrio y alimentadas con folíolos no determinadas. de yaro (o chañar, dependiendo del hospedero sobre el cual 572 Macaria mirthae: Una Nueva Especie de Ennominae (Lepidoptera: Geometridae)... Vargas et al. se colectó) hasta que puparon. Las pupas fueron observadas 1987, criad. y prep. D. Bobadilla coll. (IDEA). periódicamente para verificar la emergencia de adultos, los cuales fueron acondicionados para ser depositados en el Diagnosis. Geométridos de tamaño medio y cuerpo frágil, Museo de Zoología de la Universidad de Concepción, antenas filiformes, alas anteriores bandeadas y alas Concepción, Chile (UCCC), en el Museo Nacional de posteriores sólo con la banda terminal diferenciada. El macho Historia Natural de Santiago, Santiago, Chile (MNNC), presenta sobre la cara interna del sacculus una banda Zoologische Staatssammlung, Munich, Alemania (ZSM), en esclerosada sinuosa y bifurcada, con un lóbulo cubierto de la Coleção de Entomologia Pe. J.S. Moure, Departamento escamas piliformes en el ápice. de Zoología, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brasil (DZUP) y en la Colección Entomológica de la Universidad Macho. (Fig. 1) Cabeza con ojos compuestos prominentes, de Tarapacá, Arica, Chile (IDEA). Además, se revisó el subcirculares en vista lateral; vértex y frente cubiertos de material depositado en la ZSM e IDEA. escamas pardas aplanadas, márgenes laterales de la frente El abdomen de machos y hembras fue removido y presentan cerca de la base pequeñas escamas piliformes calentado por algunos minutos en una solución de KOH dirigidas hacia delante; antenas filiformes, cerca de dos (10%). Posteriormente, se efectuó una disección bajo lupa tercios la longitud de la costa, escapo y pedicelo pardo claro, estereoscópica para separar las estructuras genitales. Para la flagelo dorsalmente cubierto de escamas pardo claras con confección de los esquemas, las genitalias del macho y de la algunas escamas grises dispersas, superficie ventral cubierta hembra fueron ubicadas en placas petri con agua. de abundantes cilios; palpos labiales trisegmentados, pardo claro y con algunas escamas más oscuras dispersas; Macaria mirthae Vargas, Parra & Hausmann sp. espiritrompa bien desarrollada; quetosemata escasos, nov. dispuestos en una hilera transversal; área posterior a los quetosemata de coloración similar a los palpos labiales. Material Tipo. CHILE. ARICA. Holotipo. 1% Azapa, I- Protórax con patagia cubiertos de escamas aplanadas grises Región, Chile, abril, 2001, en yaro, H.A. Vargas coll. (UCCC) de ápice pardo claro; meso y metatórax cubiertos dorsalmente Paratipos: 1% Chaca, I-Región, Chile, en yaro, abril, 2001, por escamas pardas y escasas escamas grises dispersas, ob. lab, H.A. Vargas coll.; 1& Azapa, I-Región, Chile, 21- tégulas con escamas piliformes elongadas pardoclaras. Patas 12-2001, en luz, H.A. Vargas coll.; 1& Azapa, I-Región, protorácicas pardo claras con algunas escamas grises Chile, en yaro, pupa: 17-09-2001, ob. lab. septiembre 2001 dispersas, excepto en la cara interna de las tibias donde H.A. Vargas coll. (UCCC); 1% Azapa, I-Región, Chile, 11- predominan las escamas grises y sólo algunas escamas pardo 03-2001, en luz, H.A. Vargas coll.; 1% Chaca, I-Región, claras están dispersas; epífisis tibial pardo clara. Patas Chile, en yaro, ob. lab, junio 2001, H.A. Vargas coll.; 1& mesotorácicas pardo claras con algunas escamas grises Azapa, I-Región, Chile, 19-01-2002, en luz, H.A.Vargas coll.; dispersas; un par de espinas pardo claras ubicadas en las 1& Azapa, I-Región, Chile, 11-03-2001, en luz, H.A. Vargas tibias en posición subapical. Patas metatorácicas de coll. (MNNC); 3% Chaca, I Región, Chile, julio 2003, yaro, coloración similar a las mesotorácicas; con un pincel de pelos ob lab, H.A. Vargas coll.; 1%Chaca, I Región, Chile, sept- pardo claros cerca de la base de la tibia sobre la cara interna; 2003, en Chañar, ob. lab. H.A.Vargas coll.; 2% Azapa, I dos pares de espinas tibiales, uno subapical y otro de posición Región, Chile, oct-2003, en luz, H.A. Vargas coll.; 4& Chaca, media. Ala anterior subtriangular; margen costal con I Región, Chile, julio-2003, yaro, ob. lab. H.A. Vargas, coll. pequeñas franjas grises y pardo claras alternadas; banda (DZUP); 2% Azapa, I-Región, Chile, 21-12-2001, en luz, medial pardo clara; banda basal y antemedial pardo grisácea; H.A. Vargas coll.; 2% Azapa, I-Región, Chile, 24-12-2001, banda postmedial gris; banda terminal gris sinuosa; fringe en luz, H.A. Vargas coll.; 1% Chaca, I-Región, Chile, en del margen externo grisácea; fringe del margen posterior yaro, ob. lab. junio 2001, H.A. Vargas coll.; 1% Chaca, en yaro, 23-10-2001, ob. lab. 06-11-2001, H.A. Vargas coll.; 1& Azapa, I-Región, Chile, 31-12-2001, en luz, H.A.Vargas coll.; 1& Azapa, I-Región, Chile, 15-04-2001, en luz, H.A.Vargas coll.; 1& Azapa, I-Región, Chile, 24-12-2001, en luz, H.A.Vargas coll.; 1& Azapa, I-Región, Chile, en yaro 04-04-2001, ob. lab. abril 2001, H.A.Vargas coll.; 1& Chaca, I-Región, Chile, mayo 2001 en yaro, ob. lab. 04-06-2001, H.A.Vargas coll.; 1& Chaca, I-Región, Chile, en yaro, ob. lab. 03-05-2001, H.A.Vargas coll. (DZUP). IQUIQUE. 1% Pampa Tamarugal, en tamarugo, 27-05-87, ob. lab. julio 87, D. Bobadilla G.; 1% Refresco, P. Tamarugal, Iquique, Chile, 23-09-87, ob. lab. en tamarugo, R. Mendoza coll.; 1% Pampa Tamarugal en trampa luz negra 31-X-88, D. Bobadilla coll.; 1% Tarapacá, Iquique, Chile, Pampa Tamarugal, Fundo Refresco, 18-02-87, en trampa luz negra (DZUP); 1% Pampa Tamarugal, Monte Choque, 20-04-1989, ob. lab. en tamarugo D.B. y H.V. colls.; 1& P. Tamarugal, en tamarugo, 27-05- Fig. 1. Macaria mirthae. Adulto macho en vista dorsal. July-August 2005 Neotropical Entomology 34(4) 573 parda. Ala posterior pardo clara con escamas grises dispersas; débilmente invaginado en el punto medio, con dos espinas bandas poco diferenciadas, excepto la banda terminal; fringe dispuestas dorsalmente en posición subterminal e inclinadas pardo clara; margen externo evaginado a la altura de M3. hacia delante; gnathos en forma de V en vista posterior, con Abdomen dorsalmente cubierto de escamas grises y pardo un pequeño proceso apical dirigido posteriormente; tegumen claras; segmento terminal y vientre del abdomen mayormente bien desarrollado, con una profunda hendidura ubicada cubiertos de escamas pardo claras; esternito III con peine de medialmente; yuxta subcircular, débilmente esclerosada y pelos pardo claro dispuesto en sentido transversal; esternito con una pequeña hendidura dorsal; saccus en forma de U; VIII (Fig.
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