2004 Report Olympic Solidarity

2001 - 2004 Quadrennial plan

Contents 1

Message by the Chairman of the Olympic Solidarity Commission 2 In the synergy of ideas and actions 3 Our partnership, generating ideas and cohesion 7 Olympic Solidarity Commission 8 Defining needs, strengthening links 9 Programmes and budgets 10

World Programmes ...... 14

Athletes ...... 16 Olympic Scholarships for Athletes “Athens 2004” 18 Athens 2004 – Team Sports Support Grants 22 Youth Development Programme 26

Coaches ...... 30 Technical Courses 32 Scholarships for Coaches 34 Development of National Coaching Structure 38

NOC Management ...... 42 NOC Infrastructure 44 Sports Administrators Programme 46 High Level Education for Sports Administrators 48 NOC Management Consultancy 52 Regional Forums 54

Special Fields ...... 58 Sports Medicine 60 Sport and the Environment 62 Women and Sport 64 International Olympic Academy 66 Sport for All 68 Culture and Education 70 NOC Legacy 72 Olympic Games Participation 74

Continental Programmes ...... 80 Continental Associations take stock 82 Association of National Olympic Committees of Africa (ANOCA) 82 Pan American Sports Organisation (PASO) 84 Olympic Council of Asia (OCA) 88 The European Olympic Committees (EOC) 92 Oceania National Olympic Committees (ONOC) 94

Abbreviations ...... 96 2 3

2004 was a year of intense work for Olympic Solidarity, both globally and on each of the continents. Maintaining the continuity of the activities undertaken during the period from 2001 to 2003; implementing the actions corresponding to 2004, focused on con- tributing to the best possible preparation of the athletes and teams; and, in general, providing optimum support to the National Olympic Committees (NOCs) for their participation in the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad in Athens were some of the main features of the work done last year.

The increase in financial assistance to the NOCs for their participation in the Games in Athens had important consequences on the work of the NOCs during the Games. The NOCs’ participation in the analysis and evaluation of the results of the 2001-2004 quadrennial period was a valuable contribution to the process of devising the Programmes for the 2005-2008 period. © IOC/Locatelli

We see that the positive influence and specific role played by Olympic Solidarity during the period before the Games in Athens were greater than what was achieved for Sydney. This was not only in terms of figures and quantitative results; other important aspects benefited from Olympic Solidarity’s actions in the year in question. There was significant progress in the decentralisation process; the work of Olympic Solidarity was structured with greater consistency, clarity and precision, at both world-wide and continental level; and the NOCs were better prepared to make use of the programmes, and to a large extent these efforts helped to increase the NOCs’ administrative abilities and strengthen their work as the driving force of Olympic activity in each country.

On behalf of the Olympic Solidarity Commission, I congratulate the 202 NOCs and all those who, in whatever capacity, contributed to the excellent results in 2004. I call upon them to show the same dedication and commitment as we work together in this first year of the 2005-2008 quadrennial.

Sincerely,

Mario VÁZQUEZ RAÑA Chairman of the Olympic Solidarity Commission Olympic Solidarity

Olympic Solidarity, established in 1971, is responsible for admin- istering and managing the funding derived from the share of Olympic Games the television rights for the broadcasting of the Olympic Games which is allocated to the National Olympic Committees (NOCs). This funding is distributed among several programmes, established Athletes TV rights for the development of sport and intended for the NOCs and their

Continental Associations, according to their needs and priorities. NOCs Olympic Solidarity All of these programmes are managed as part of a four-year plan.

World / Continental Programmes The programmes adopted by Olympic Solidarity for the 2001-2004 quadrennial plan – 21 World Programmes and 5 Continental Programmes – cover a wide range of fields. The World Programmes offered to the NOCs, nine of which are completely new in relation to the previous plan, are divided into four areas – athletes, coaches, NOC management and special fields. The Continental Programmes are an important addition and give greater autonomy to the Continental Associations, which are responsible for the decision- making and financial management of these programmes. This implies a transfer of responsibility from Olympic Solidarity to the continents.

Raema Lisa Rumbewas (Indonesia), Olympic scholarship holder, silver medallist at the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad in Athens, weightlifting © Getty Images/Mark Dadswell 4 5

2004: an outstanding year at every level

2004 was without doubt a crucial year for the NOCs and, therefore, for Olympic Solidarity as well. Even though their attention was mainly focused on the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad in Athens, the NOCs were able to draw maximum benefit from the programmes on offer. The activities of Olympic Solidarity were intense and complex throughout this final year of the 2001-2004 quadrennial plan. The main challenge was to try to manage three different phases at the same time: the past, continuing all the activities that had been under way since the start of the quadrennial period; the present, carrying out day-to-day tasks; and the future, preparing the new 2005-2008 quadrennial plan. The latter was essential, since it would determine the following four years.

In this regard, the Olympic Solidarity Commission had approved the proposal to carry out a worldwide evaluation of the 2001-2004 quadrennial plan during 2004. This involved sending the NOCs, Continental Associations and Association of National Olympic Committees (ANOC) a questionnaire for the evaluation of the 2001-2004 quadrennial period, through which the bodies concerned were able to submit their comments and views on the Olympic Solidarity programmes. This evaluation, which was sup- plemented by an internal evaluation conducted by the Olympic Solidarity staff, produced both quantitative and qualitative con- clusions on the use and advantages of each programme. The results formed a solid basis on which to draw up the next quadrennial plan and improve the administration of future programmes.

The tasks completed in 2004 would not have been possible without the help of ANOC and the Continental Associations, which once again played a decisive role and were committed at every level to achieving the best possible results. The meetings of these associations, such as the ANOC General Assembly in Athens in February or the General Assemblies and Seminars for Secretaries General of NOCs, enabled all participants to exchange opinions and discuss the best development strategies to adopt for current and future programmes. Olympic Solidarity’s presence at these meetings, and at the Games in Athens, broadened the opportunities for dialogue and, in so doing, strengthened contacts and coordination between the various parties.

Yossef Karami (Islamic Republic of Iran, right), Olympic scholarship holder, competing for the bronze medal at the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad in Athens © Getty Images/Nick Laham Olympic Solidarity

The world programmes, managed by the Olympic Solidarity office in Lausanne and available to all 202 recognised NOCs, produced excellent results in 2004. This is reflected firstly in the number of approved activities, which topped the 3,000 mark, and secondly in the quality of the projects carried out, which became clear from analysis of the NOC reports.

In this Olympic year, the key programmes were, of course, those aimed at athletes, namely the Olympic scholarship programme and the team sports support grants programme for the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad in Athens. With more than 900 participating athletes and 61 teams over a two-year period, the task of permanently monitoring each one’s progress during the first few months of the year was a real challenge. Almost 600 scholarship holders and 28 teams from all five continents qualified and were thus able to live out their dream of participating in the Olympic Games. For 23 NOCs, more than half their delegation was composed of Olympic scholarship holders, and five of them were represented only by scholarship holders. These figures demonstrate the importance of these programmes in promoting the very essence of the Games, universality. In the coaching field, the range of options open to NOCs was broadened through the involvement of the high-level multi sports centre in Montreal. New initiatives will also be introduced for the next quadrennial period. At the same time, the various programmes related to NOC management have proved very popular, and the possibility for NOCs to exchange information and experiences amongst themselves has been very encouraging. As far as the special fields programmes are concerned, some of the activities carried out by the NOCs in their respective countries to promote Olympic values were closely linked to the main event of the year, the Athens Games. Olympic Solidarity also helped the NOCs to participate in the Games and to attend the three world congresses and conferences organised by the IOC on women and sport, culture and education and sport for all.

Competition organised in Saint Lucia in the framework of the Youth Development Programme 6 7

The key to success: communication

Of course, the key factor in ensuring that all the NOCs make successful use of the Olympic Solidarity programmes remains good and efficient communication. This can be achieved through daily contact via e-mail and telephone as well as the presence of Olympic Solidarity staff at the main meetings attended by the NOCs.

It is also necessary to develop working tools and, to this end, the NOCs have the opportunity to access the NOC Extranet www.cno-noc.olympic.org in addition to the numerous information documents sent to them in various formats. The Olympic Movement’s Internet site www.olympic.org and the various Olympic Solidarity publications are accessible to members of the public, the media and academics wishing to learn more about the role played by the IOC and its affiliated organisations in the development of world sport. In 2004, a special brochure was also published by Olympic Solidarity relating to the participation of the Olympic scholarship holders at the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad in Athens. Olympic Solidarity

In order to limit the size of its administrative structure in Lausanne, Olympic Solidarity has continued to count on the help of its various partners to analyse and implement its programmes. It is important to highlight the role of ANOC, which has made an invaluable contribution and carried out essential tasks for its members; and that of the Continental Associations, which have constantly defended the interests of their NOCs and whose respective administrations have performed fundamental work, particularly in the decentralisation process and the manage- Olympic ment of the continental programmes. Solidarity

The role of the NOCs is essential since they are ANOC / National International involved in selecting and implementing the pro- Continental Olympic Olympic grammes on which the standard of results Associations Committees Federations depends. Assistance given by the most developed NOCs to the NOCs that need it most to help them National participate in specific programmes is also of Federations extreme importance. The International Federations (IFs), which govern the sports that form part of the Olympic programme and encourage their experts Athletes Coaches Sports administrators to share their experiences and knowledge with the NOCs, are also involved in the analysis of NOC applications to participate in the more technical programmes. The high-level sports centres and the universities that host scholarship holders from the various Olympic Solidarity programmes should also be mentioned.

All of these partners help the Olympic Solidarity management and staff to greatly improve the services provided to the NOCs, always with the aim of developing sport across the world. 8 9

The Olympic Solidarity Commission met twice during 2004. The first meeting, held on 23 February in Athens, took the form of a working group with the aim of approving the subsidies offered to NOCs for their participation in the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad in Athens as well as Olympic Solidarity’s operational plan for its presence at the Olympic Games to help the NOCs.

The second meeting took place on 22 November, and was devoted to the analysis of the 2001-2004 quadrennial plan and the approval of the strategy and budgets for the forthcoming 2005-2008 plan. It was hoped that the next plan would offer a more personalised service to the NOCs and greater autonomy to the Continental Associations. 2004 was certainly a busy year for the Olympic Solidarity Commission, marked by the Olympic Games, the end of the 2001-2004 quadrennial plan and the launch of the 2005-2008 plan.

On 31 December 2004, the Commission was composed as follows:

Chairman: Mario VÁZQUEZ RAÑA

Vice-Chairman: Richard Kevan GOSPER

Members: Sheikh Ahmad Al-Fahad AL-SABAH Hussain AL-MUSALLAM Alpha Ibrahim DIALLO Patrick J. HICKEY Raymond IBATA Gunilla LINDBERG Mireya LUÍS HERNÁNDEZ The Grand Duke of LUXEMBOURG Julio César MAGLIONE Robin E. MITCHELL Felipe MUÑOZ KAPAMAS Mario PESCANTE

A pitcher during the baseball event at the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad in Athens © IOC/Tsutomu Kishimoto Olympic Solidarity

After being restructured at the beginning of the 2001-2004 quadrennial plan, and through the work accomplished during that period, the Olympic Solidarity administrative staff have built up a clear understanding of the needs of the Olympic Movement, particularly those of the NOCs and Continental Associations, with which they are working and collaborating on a daily basis. In particular, however, Olympic Solidarity has been preparing to take a very important step by strengthening different aspects linked to the increasing decentralisation of funds and programmes. 2004 was therefore the culmination of the plan for the administrative construction of an Olympic Solidarity diverse in its universality, but unchanging in its basic principles. Six offices (one in each continental association and one in Lausanne) are the indispensable key factor for the achievement of the objectives of the 2005-2008 quadrennial plan.

Heads of the Olympic Solidarity offices of the Continental Associations

ANOCA: Raymond IBATA EOC: Gianluca DE ANGELIS PASO: Reynaldo González LÓPEZ ONOC: Robin MITCHELL OCA: Hussain AL-MUSSALLAM

Olympic Solidarity Administrative Structure in Lausanne

Director Pere MIRÓ i SELLARES Programmes for Coaches – Youth Development Programme – Relations with Africa and Europe – Relations with International Federations – General Secretariat of the Director – Office Logistics and Reports Deputy Director and Project Manager Pamela VIPOND Project Officer Yassine YOUSFI Project Officer Jean-Laurent BOURQUIN (until May 2004) Telephonist – receptionist Vanessa FARRONATO NOC Management Programmes – Relations with America Project Manager Carolina BAYÓN Project Officer Joanna ZIPSER-GRAVES Administrative Assistant Catherine LAVILLE Programmes for Athletes – Relations with Asia Project Manager James MACLEOD Project Officer Olivier NIAMKEY Administrative Assistant Silvia LUCCIARINI Special Fields Programmes – Relations with Oceania – Communication and Finance Head of Section, Project Manager, Head of Finance Nicole GIRARD-SAVOY Administrative Assistant Claire BROOKBANK MODOUX Accounts Secretary Silvia MORARD Secretary Nadia BELTEMPO Marian Oprea (Romania), Olympic scholarship holder, silver medallist at the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad in Athens, triple jump © Getty Images/Michael Steele 10 11

At their meeting on 3 December 2003, the members of the Olympic Solidarity Commission approved a budget of US$ 42,556,000 for 2004. This budget represents 20.31% of the total budget adopted for the 2001-2004 quadrennial plan (US$ 209,484,000), and is broken down as follows:

Breakdown of 2004 budget

World programmes 54.29% US$ 23,105,000 Continental programmes 38.25% US$ 16,276,000 Olympic Games and forums* 2.35% US$ 1,000,000 Administration / communication 5.11% US$ 2,175,000

Total US$ 42,556,000

*Even though the subsidies related to NOC participation in the Games of the Olympiad in Athens were paid in 2004, the budget is included in the 2005-2008 quadrennial plan

The cauldron – Opening Ceremony of the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad in Athens © IOC/Tsuyoshi Kishimoto Olympic Solidarity

Breakdown of the “world programmes” budget

Athletes 41.11% US$ 9,500,000 Coaches 24.89% US$ 5,750,000 NOC management 20.34% US$ 4,700,000 Special fields 13.66% US$ 3,155,000

Total US$ 23,105,000

Breakdown of the “continental programmes” budget

ANOCA (Africa) 20% US$ 3,255,000 PASO (America) 18.70% US$ 3,042,500 OCA (Asia) 17.62% US$ 2,867,500 EOC (Europe) 19.76% US$ 3,216,000 ONOC (Oceania) 12.87% US$ 2,095,000 ANOC 11.05% US$ 1,800,000

Total US$ 16,276,000

Gennadiy Golovkin (Kazakhstan), right, Olympic scholarship holder and silver medallist at the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad in Athens © Getty Images/Donald Miralle 14 15

The 21 World Programmes, divided into four separate areas – athletes, coaches, NOC management and special fields – cover a range of varied and complementary activities. Managed from the Olympic Solidarity headquarters in Lausanne, these programmes offer the NOCs a wide choice of activities in the main fields devoted to the development of sport and athletes.

Athletes

• Salt Lake City 2002 – NOC Preparation Programme (Programme completed in 2002) • Olympic Scholarships for Athletes “Athens 2004” • Athens 2004 – Team Sports Support Grants • Regional and Continental Games – NOC Preparation Programme (Programme completed in 2003) • Youth Development Programme

Coaches

• Technical Courses • Scholarships for Coaches • Development of National Coaching Structure World Programmes

2004 was understandably dominated by the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad in Athens. However, this did not prevent the NOCs from benefiting from the full range of programmes available. These programmes enabled most NOCs to develop and meet various needs in the different fields of sports development.

NOC Management

• NOC Infrastructure • Sports Administrators Programme • High Level Education for Sports Administrators • NOC Management Consultancy • Regional Forums

Special Fields

• Sports Medicine • Sport and the Environment • Women and Sport • International Olympic Academy • Sport for All • Culture and Education • NOC Legacy • Olympic Games Participation 16 17

Yudel Johnson Cedeno, Manus Boonjumnong, Ionut Gheorghe and Boris Georgiev (Bulgaria, right), Olympic scholarship holder, bronze medallist at the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad in Athens, boxing © Getty Images/Al Bello World Programmes Athletes

The Olympic Games are the culmination of any quadrennial plan, particularly for the programmes aimed at athletes, whose efforts to prepare for this great sporting festival are finally rewarded. The Games of the XXVIII Olympiad, held in Athens from 13 to 29 August 2004, enabled numerous Olympic scholarship holders to live out their dream. The first part of the year was therefore very important for the Olympic Scholarships for Athletes “Athens 2004” Programme, which focused primarily on helping athletes who had qualified to prepare for the Games under the best possible condi- tions. In the same way, teams that had been awarded grants in the “Athens 2004 – Team Sports Support Grants” Programme and qualified for the Games were able to concentrate on their own preparations for Athens.

The talented young athletes participating in the “Youth Development Programme” also had an unforgettable year, since the Olympic Games are a source of motivation for all athletes. Some of them even exceeded all expectations by competing alongside the elite at the Games in Athens.

Just as the “Salt Lake City 2002 – NOC Preparation Programme” was completed at the XIX Olympic Winter Games, the “Regional and Continental Games – NOC Preparation Programme” was concluded in 2003, when the final competitions took place. This programme was therefore no longer operational in 2004.

These two preparation programmes were extremely popular among the NOCs during this quadrennial period. Olympic Solidarity hopes to continue in this vein and to repeat them in the future. With this intention already established, the focus was therefore placed firmly on the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad in Athens and the relevant programmes during this final year of the quadrennial plan. 18 19

Olympic scholarship holders: 57 medals, including 17 gold, and 105 diplomas

The purpose of the Olympic Scholarships for Athletes “Athens 2004” Programme was to help athletes qualify for, and participate in, the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad, and Olympic Solidarity focused all its efforts on this objective during the first half of 2004.

Having done their utmost in 2002 to qualify for the Athens Games, the successful athletes and those still hopeful of qualifying became the priority for this programme. According to the programme guidelines, scholarships were withdrawn as soon as an athlete had no more chances of qualifying for the Games. The number of scholarship holders, which, for a year and a half, had been steadily growing, therefore began to fall. This meant it was possible to give more specific assistance to a smaller number of athletes in order to help them prepare for Athens as effectively as possible. The NOCs and IFs concerned, as well as the other partners, were all united in their pursuit of a common objective: the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad in Athens. On a one-off basis, Olympic Solidarity also granted new scholarships to a few athletes who had qualified at a late stage for Athens. These deserving athletes were thus able to join the programme and, on the same footing as the other Olympic scholarship holders, benefit from the efforts made by all the parties involved in this project. By the end of the programme, a total of 939 athletes had been awarded an Olympic scholarship. Olympic Scholarships for Athletes “Athens 2004”

Objective: to assist athletes nominated by their respective NOCs in their preparation and qualification for the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad in Athens.

2004 Budget: US$ 4,700,000

Olympic scholarship holder Taufik Hidayat (Indonesia), Olympic badminton champion in Athens © IOC/Tsuyoshi Kishimoto World Programmes Athletes

Olympic Solidarity’s primary objective for this programme was to increase the number of scholarship holders who participated in the Games. The fact that 583 scholarship holders competed in the Athens Games in August 2004 shows that this objective was largely achieved. It is also important to mention that, as well as providing more intensive training programmes, Olympic Solidarity was very active in lobbying the IOC Tripartite Commission in order to obtain invitations to enable a number of deserving scholarship holders, who had unfortunately failed to qualify, to see their dreams come true.

During the Games, Olympic Solidarity monitored the scholarship holders on a daily basis, drafting a programme of their competitions and collating their results. The Olympic Solidarity team in Athens was also able to meet and encourage some scholarship holders at the competition venues and obtain their views on the programme and their experiences as Olympic scholarship holders. This helped, amongst other things, to identify possible changes to the programme, always with the goal of improving Olympic Solidarity’s service to the athletes.

The Olympic scholarship holders who qualified for Athens were not content just to participate; some of them produced outstanding performances. For some, simply qualifying was an achievement in itself, since the standard of competition was so high.

Egyptian wrestler Karam Ibrahim, Olympic The swimmer George Bovell, Olympic scholarship Afghan boxer Basharmal Sultani, scholarship holder, gold medallist at the holder, the only Olympic medallist for Trinidad Olympic scholarship holder, at the Games Games of the XXVIII Olympiad in Athens and Tobago in Athens and the first in the history of the XXVIII Olympiad in Athens © Getty Images/Ian Waldie of this country © Getty Images/Adam Pretty © IOC/Yo Nagaya 20 21

The presence of these athletes in Athens is a vindication of this programme, whose success can also be measured by such feats. Other, more experienced athletes hit the headlines by winning medals. In fact, 57 medals, including 17 gold, and 105 diplomas were awarded to Olympic scholarship holders. All of these performances are summarised in a brochure published by Olympic Solidarity shortly after the Games. This publication is designed to be the refe- rence guide to the participation of Olympic scholarship holders in the Athens Games.

After the Games, it was time to take stock, and Olympic Solidarity can only congratulate and thank all the athletes who formed the heart of this programme. Those who won medals or diplomas, those who qualified or received invitations, and even those who did not make it to Athens – all earned the title of “Olympic scholarship Rodion Luka and George Leonchuk (Ukraine), Olympic scholarship holders, silver medallists holders – Athens 2004” and contributed to the programme’s suc- at the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad in Athens cess. Olympic Solidarity would also like to thank all the partners © Getty Images/Ben Radford without whom this programme would never have succeeded, i.e. the NOCs which benefited, partner NOCs, the IFs and the training centres which looked after the training needs of scholarship holders. They all showed outstanding commitment, and Olympic Solidarity hopes to be able to count on their support in the future.

With the next Olympiad on the horizon, the future was already being discussed, and the second half of the year was devoted to tying up loose ends and evaluating the programme as well as reviewing its objectives and guidelines so that the programme for the next quadrennial plan could be launched with even greater ambitions in mind.

Olympic scholarship holders by continent

Continent (NOCs) 2001–2004 Olympic scholarships granted Olympic scholarship holders qualified* Men Women Total Men Women Total Africa (53) 107 50 157 56 39 95 America (42) 115 61 176 67 45 112 Asia (44) 172 60 232 109 43 152 Europe (48) 251 110 361 144 72 216 Oceania (15) 7 6 13 3 5 8 Total (202) 652 287 939 379 204 583

*for the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad in Athens World Programmes Athletes

Medals and diplomas won by the Olympic scholarship holders*

Continent Medals Diplomas Gold Silver Bronze Total 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th Total Africa 4 – 1 5 12–328 America – – 2 2 24–3312 Asia 2 7 3 12 5755426 Europe 11 11 16 38 13 10 12 15 7 57 Oceania – – – – ––––22 Total 17 18 22 57 21 23 17 26 18 105

*qualified for the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad in Athens

Olympic scholarship holders by sport and by continent*

Sport Africa America Asia Europe Oceania Total W M Tot. W M Tot. W M Tot. W M Tot. W M Tot. W M Tot. Athletics 22 20 42 8 14 22 13 13 26 13 21 34 4 1 5 60 69 129 Rowing – 1 1 – 4 4 – 1 1 3 3 6 – – – 3 9 12 Badminton 1 3 4 2 1 3 1781–1– ––51116 Boxing – 6 6 – 2 2 – 15 15 – 7 7 – – – – 30 30 Canoe-Kayak – – – – 1 1 12331215–––41519 Cycling – – – 4 6 10 145123– ––61218 Equestrian – – – – – – – 1 1 – – – – – – – 1 1 Fencing – 3 3 2 1 3 – 1 1 2 2 4 – – – 4 7 11 Gymnastics 1 – 1 6 1 7 2138311–––17522 Weightlifting 3 3 6 2 2 4 4 6 10 1 8 9 1 1 2 11 20 31 Judo 8 6 14 3 6 9 2 10 12 6 15 21 – – – 19 37 56 Wrestling – 2 2 – – – – 21 21 3 27 30 – – – 3 50 53 Aquatics 1 8 9 9 14 23 4 5 9 15 23 38 1 1 29 51 80 Modern Pentathlon – 1 1 – 2 2 213224–– –4610 Taekwondo – 1 1 1 2 3 3 6 9 – 3 3 – – – 4 12 16 Tennis – – – – – – 112112–––224 Table tennis 3 – 3 4 – 4 325123– ––11415 Shooting – 1 1 3 6 9 3 7 10 6 6 12 – – – 12 20 32 Archery – – – – 1 1 3143–3–––628 Triathlon – – – – 3 3 – 1 1 1 1 2 – – – 1 5 6 Sailing – 1 1 1 1 2 – 3 3 2 6 8 – – – 3 11 14 Total (21 sports) 39 56 95 45 67 112 43 109 152 72 144 216 5 3 8 204 379 583

*qualified for the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad in Athens 22 23

59 grants awarded, 28 teams qualified

The “Athens 2004 – Team Sports Support Grants” programme was governed by the same timetable as the athletes’ scholarships programme, since it related to the same event, i.e. the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad. For this programme, 2004 was therefore divided into two distinct parts. The first half was devoted to the preparation of the teams that had qualified for the Games, and the second half to results, assessments and analyses.

The programme was split into two phases: the first “qualification” phase lasted until the final Olympic Games qualification events were completed. Most of these competitions took place in 2003, during which a great number of teams received assistance from Olympic Solidarity to help them qualify for the Games. Most of the second “preparation” phase of the programme took place in 2004. Only teams that had qualified for the Games participated in this second phase, during which they received an additional grant to help them complete their preparations for Athens. Some newly qualified teams, which asked Olympic Solidarity if they could join the programme after they qualified, also received grants enabling them to prepare properly for the Games. A total of 59 grants were awarded during the two phases. Athens 2004 – Team Sports Support Grants (new programme) The teams that qualified for Athens were mon- Objective: to offer the NOCs the financial itored regularly during the Games, along the support needed to maximise their chances same lines as the Olympic scholarship holders. to qualify one team for the Games of the The 28 teams involved achieved some excel- XXVIII Olympiad in Athens.

2004 Budget: US$ 2,000,000 World Programmes Athletes

lent results. Between them, they won six medals: two gold, two silver and two bronze. However, it is important to point out that the assistance received by these teams often formed part of a general budget in countries where some funding was already available. It is therefore difficult to assess the impact of this programme on these teams’ qualification for and results in Athens. These grants, which were the main source of funding for some NOCs, nonetheless enabled most of the teams to improve their performances. Some of those that qualified for the Games in Athens had never previously qualified, while others went much further in the competition than they had in previous editions.

The satisfaction expressed by all the NOCs that benefited from this new programme shows that it has been an undoubted success. Olympic Solidarity has analysed the programme in full, taking into account the results obtained and the NOCs’ satisfaction at the end of the quadrennial plan. Once again, part of this process was to consider the future, and it was concluded that the scope of the programme should be extended, making it one of the most important Olympic Solidarity programmes, alongside the Olympic scholarship programme for athletes.

The Croatian handball team, gold medallists at the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad in Athens, received an Olympic Solidarity grant © Getty Images/Jonathan Ferrey 24 25

Grants awarded by sport, continent and NOCs / Participation and medals at the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad in Athens

Sport Grants awarded Participation Medals Continent NOCs

Baseball Africa NGR America PAN Europe FRA Oceania ASA Basketball Africa ANG Yes CAF MOZ* SEN* America CUB* PUR Yes Asia LIB Europe CZE* Yes EST LAT LTU** Yes RUS* Yes Bronze SLO TUR Football Africa GHA Yes MLI Yes Handball Africa ALG ANG* Yes EGY Yes TUN America ARG BRA* Yes URU** Asia KOR* Yes Silver Europe AUT CRO Yes Gold ISL Yes NOR* SLO Yes UKR* Yes Bronze World Programmes Athletes

Sport Grants awarded Participation Medals Continent NOCs (cont.) Hockey Africa EGY Yes RSA* Yes America TRI Asia IND Yes Europe BEL IRL* POL Oceania NZL Yes Softball America VEN* Asia TPE* Yes Europe GBR* Oceania AUS* Yes Silver Volleyball Africa CMR KEN* Yes SEY* America DOM Yes PER* Europe AZE* FIN SCG Yes Water Polo Asia KAZ Yes Europe CRO Yes HUN* Yes ITA* Yes Gold SVK

*women’s team **men’s and women’s teams

The Australian softball team, silver medallists at the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad in Athens © Getty Images/Robert Laberge 26 27

A programme for the future to identify tomorrow’s champions

In order to help the NOCs to set up or improve their systems for identifying young, talented athletes, Olympic Solidarity continued its Youth Development Programme in 2004. Highly promising athletes who had not previously received assistance were therefore able to obtain help with training in high-level centres recognised by the IFs or, in exceptional cases, to receive financial assistance directly for a specific training programme when the structures and management in the country allowed.

The number of NOCs which made use of the programme for the identification of young, talented athletes fell compared to 2003, particularly in Africa. However, the projects that were implemented tended to be more thorough and sophisticated, enabling some NOCs to carry out high-quality talent identification programmes at national level.

The number of applications for training young athletes also fell, although the standard of participating athletes is steadily rising, as demonstrated by the results achieved at the world youth championships and in international competitions, in which certain athletes produced outstanding performances.

Cooperation with the IFs has continued. As well as making technical recommendations and Youth Development Programme conducting specific analysis and follow-up of (new programme) some projects, the IFs organised high-level training camps for many athletes. Objectives: to help NOCs set up or improve systems for identifying young, talented athletes and to enable athletes who have not previously been awarded Olympic scholarships to train in high-level centres or to receive individual financial assistance.

2004 Budget: US$ 2,500,000 World Programmes Athletes

Training for young athletes

Continent Participating NOCs Africa 18 ALG, BDI, BOT, CGO, EGY, ETH, LBA, MAD, MRI, NAM, NGR, NIG, RSA, SEY, SUD, UGA, ZAM, ZIM America 15 AHO, BAH, BAR, BRA, CHI, COL, CUB, GUA, HON, JAM, PER, PUR, SUR, TRI, URU Asia 6 IND, KAZ, KGZ, KSA, LIB, TPE Europe 20 ALB, AND, ARM, BIH, BUL, CRO, CYP, CZE, GEO, HUN, MKD, MON, POL, POR, ROM, SCG, SLO, SUI, SVK, UKR Oceania – managed by ONOC Total 59

Identification of young talent

Continent Participating NOCs Africa 7 BDI, BOT, MAW, MLI, SEN, SEY, ZIM America 10 ANT, BAR, CHI, DMA, GRN, GUA, GUY, HON, PUR, SUR Asia 6 BHU, BRN, IRQ, MGL, TKM, UZB Europe 6 FIN, LTU, MLT, POR, SWE, TUR Oceania 9 ASA, AUS, COK, FIJ, FSM, KIR, SAM, SOL, TGA Total 38

Identifying young athletes in Haiti Activities run in Chad in the framework of the talent identification programme

Opening Ceremony of the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad in Athens © Getty Images/Nick Laham 30 31

Listening to the expert Martin Roberts at a technical course for swimming coaches in Bangladesh World Programmes Coaches

In 2004, as during the whole quadrennial plan, the NOCs took advantage of the programmes available for the training of national coaches. Although the year was dominated by the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad in Athens, for which the NOCs had to prepare their teams and athletes, the NOCs made good use of the technical courses programme, which is particularly aimed at providing basic training to coaches in all Olympic sports.

Olympic Solidarity also received numerous applications from NOCs for scholarships for coaches. Participants were able to receive training in either a high-level centre or a university, or to follow an “à la carte” programme within the “specific sports training” option. This option, for which relatively few NOCs used to apply due in particular to the need to prepare and manage the whole training structure, has now become more popular. Olympic Solidarity scholarship holders were therefore able to develop their coaching skills by attending programmes run in cooperation with the IFs. Collaboration with the centres and universities has continued and improved. Training programmes in sciences applied to sport are now available every year in three languages (French, English and Spanish). Many NOCs participated in the “Development of National Coaching Structure Programme”, having realised that they could benefit in many different ways from the visit of an international expert to their country.

The results of the different programmes show that the NOCs have understood very clearly the importance of coach education at all levels, which they need in order to provide adequate training to enable athletes to join the national elite, or even to participate in the Olympic Games. 32 33

Better supervision and training for national coaches

The programme of technical courses for coaches remains an essential element for the NOCs because it meets the need to provide basic training to coaches in the different Olympic sports. Olympic Solidarity, in close collaboration with the IFs, supports the organisation of these courses at national level or, in some cases, on a regional basis, involving participants from several neighbouring NOCs.

In 2004, 289 technical courses were organised. This figure, which is slightly lower than in 2003 (307 courses), demonstrates the level of interest shown by the NOCs in this programme in this Olympic year. Generally speaking, the fall in the number of activities not directly related to the Games is more marked this year.

The NOCs have begun to use the new evaluation forms created by Olympic Solidarity in 2003 and now submit more precise, detailed reports, often accompanied by comments and illustrations. It should be noted that, throughout the 2001-2004 quadrennial plan, the EOC and ONOC were given full responsibility for managing the programme of technical courses for coaches, following the decentralisation of some programmes towards the Continental Associations.

In 2004, coaches in 33 different sports received training (28 in 2003). The most common sports were athletics, basketball, boxing, tennis and Technical Courses volleyball. Olympic Solidarity would like to con- Objective: to enable NOCs to develop training tinue the work that has been going on for many for coaches at national level by organising a years as part of this programme. However, some range of courses at different levels in close improvements are in the pipeline, particularly collaboration with the IFs. regarding course planning and follow-up of trained coaches. 2004 Budget: US$ 3,750,000 World Programmes Coaches

Technical courses planned

Continent Technical courses NOCs Africa 113 44 America 84 30 Asia 89 32 Europe 3 3 Oceania * * Total 289 109

* courses planned through the “NOC activities” continental programme

Distribution by sport

Sport Total (%) Sport Total (%) Sport Total (%) (cont.) (cont.) Athletics 21 (7.3) Football 12 (4.2) Softball 4 (1.4) Rowing 3 (1.0) Gymnastics 8 (2.8) Taekwondo 12 (4.2) Badminton 4 (1.4) Weightlifting 9 (3.1) Tennis 22 (7.6) Baseball 2 (0.7) Handball 17 (5.9) Table tennis 17 (5.9) Basketball 20 (6.9) Hockey 5 (1.7) Shooting 6 (2.1) Biathlon 1 (0.3) Ice Hockey 1 (0.3) Archery 8 (2.8) Boxing 22 (7.6) Judo 16 (5.5) Triathlon 3 (1.0) Canoe-Kayak 3 (1.0) Luge 1 (0.3) Sailing 3 (1.0) Curling 1 (0.3) Wrestling 6 (2.1) Volleyball 22 (7.6) Cycling 12 (4.2) Aquatics 16 (5.5) Equestrian sports 5 (1.7) M. Pentathlon 2 (0.7) Fencing 4 (1.4) Skiing 1 (0.3) Total 289 (100)

Handball technical course in Uganda Technical course for coaches in taekwondo in the Central African Republic 34 35

Two types of high-level training for national coaches

The Olympic Scholarships for Coaches Programme has existed for many years and, in order to help NOCs meet their coaching needs more effectively, Olympic Solidarity began, in the quadrennial plan just completed, to offer two types of training: “sciences applied to sport training” and “specific sports training”.

The first option enables NOCs to send a coach to attend a training programme abroad, in either a university or a high-level training centre. The second helps them to meet specific training needs, enabling NOCs to create an “à la carte” programme for a particular coach in cooperation with a sports club or training centre spe- cialising in the candidate’s sport.

The particularly high number of applications (132) received by Olympic Solidarity in 2004 proves once again the high level of interest Scholarships for Coaches among NOCs in this programme, even though the total was slightly lower than the previous Objective: to enable national coaches who have year (150 applications), probably because of obtained the highest official qualification in the Games in Athens. their country to participate in training programmes offered by different universities In accordance with the procedure in place for and high-level training centres. this programme and having examined the dif- US$ 1,000,000 2004 Budget: ferent applications with the relevant IFs, Olympic Solidarity granted 107 scholarships, 86 in “sciences applied to sport training” (compared to 100 in 2002 and 87 in 2003), and 21 in “specific sports training” (compared to 25 in 2002 and 11 in 2003). It should be noted that the International Cycling Union organised new specific training in cycling for 15 English-speaking coaches at the World Cycling Centre in Aigle (Switzerland), led by Australian expert Charlie Walsh. World Programmes Coaches

During 2004, Olympic Solidarity supported the third training course for French-speaking coaches held in Lausanne as part of the CISéL programme (Centre International du Sport Elite – Lausanne). Nine coaches attended. It is interesting to note that, on his return to Cameroon, Germain Ndzana was appointed coach of his country’s Olympic athletics team. The CISéL training course therefore enabled him to take part in the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad in Athens. Twelve coaches took part in the PAISAC (International Support Programme for African and Caribbean Sport), held for the third consecutive year at the National Multisport Centre in Montreal (Quebec, Canada). Feedback from the coaches involved reflected the quality of this programme, which was set up in 2002. The Semmelweis University in Budapest and the CAR (Centro de Alto Rendimiento) in Barcelona provided three-month Spring and Autumn training courses for 36 and 30 coaches respectively (44 and 28 participants respectively in 2003).

In conclusion, although improvements could probably still be made in the specific sports training section, particularly with regard to cooperation with the IFs and support for NOCs to help them bring their projects to a conclusion or find a centre willing to accommodate their coaches, it must be stated that this programme is meeting a real need for training technical coaches.

Participants in the International Coaching Course (ICC) at Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary 36 37

Scholarships for coaches “specific sports training”

Continent Participating NOCs Scholarship holders Men Women Total Africa 4 EGY, MAD, SEY, TAN 3 1 4 America 4 ARG, BAR, BOL, CHI 3 1 4 Asia 6 HKG, KOR, OMA, PAK, THA, UAE 4 2 6 Europe 7 BLR, CYP, HUN, IRL, ISR, SCG, TUR 7 – 7 Oceania* 6 COK, FIJ, FSM, KIR, PNG, VAN – – – Total 27 17 4 21

* within this programme, the NOCs organised various courses in several different sports

Scholarships for coaches “sciences applied to sport training”

Continent Participating NOCs Scholarship holders Men Women Total Africa 34 ANG, BDI, BEN, BUR, CAF, CGO, CHA, CMR, CPV, EGY, ETH, GAM, GBS, GEQ, GHA, GUI, KEN, LBR, MAD, MAR, MAW, MOZ, NGR, NIG, RSA, RWA, SEN, SOM, SUD, TAN, TOG, TUN, ZAM, ZIM 35 5 40 America 20 ANT, ARG, BAR, BOL, BRA, COL, CUB, DOM, ECU, ESA, GUA, GUY, HAI, MEX, NCA, PAR, PER, PUR, SKN, URU 28 2 30 Asia 12 BHU, IND, IRI, MDV, OMA, PRK, QAT, SIN, SRI, SYR, TJK, YEM 11 4 15 Europe 1 MLT 1 – 1 Oceania – – – – – Total 67 75 11 86 World Programmes Coaches

Scholarships for coaches “sciences applied to sport training” by sport

Sport Africa America Asia Europe Oceania Total (%) Athletics 4 4 – – – 8 (9.3) Rowing – 1 – – – 1 (1.2) Basketball 8 – – – – 8 (9.3) Boxing 1 1 – – – 2 (2.3) Canoe-Kayak 1 – 1 – – 2 (2.3) Cycling 2 1 – – – 3 (3.5) Fencing 1 – – – – 1 (1.2) Football 6 4 3 – – 13 (15.1) Gymnastics 2 3 4 – – 9 (10.5) Weightlifting 3 – – – – 3 (3.5) Handball 7 – – – – 7 (8.1) Hockey – 1 – – – 1 (1.2) Judo – 5 2 1 – 8 (9.3) Wrestling 1 – – – – 1 (1.2) Aquatics – – 2 – – 2 (2.3) Taekwondo – 1 – – – 1 (1.2) Table tennis 2 – 2 – – 4 (4.6) Volleyball 1 6 1 – – 8 (9.3) Others 1 3 – – – 4 (4.6) Total 40 30 15 1 0 86 (100)

Judo coach at the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad in Athens © IOC/Tsutomu Kishimoto 38 39

National coaching structures developing rapidly

In the final year of this quadrennial plan, the NOCs showed enor- mous interest in the Development of National Coaching Structure Programme, as they became more familiar with the relevant pro- cedures and implementation of medium- or long-term (3 to 6 months) projects. As a result, the number of applications increased slightly compared to 2003, rising from 45 to 48 programmes supporting 44 NOCs across the world.

Olympic Solidarity has continued its efforts to enable the NOCs to bring their projects to a conclusion, often with help from the IFs concerned. As in previous years, the NOCs submitted final reports, many of which highlighted the positive effects of the various projects at every level (athletes, coaches, federations or clubs). Development of National Coaching (new programme) Structure Looking at the results achieved, it is clear that several NOCs that had already set up a devel- to enable NOCs to develop a Objectives: opment programme in 2003 submitted new national sports structure, particularly train- applications in 2004. Many of these projects ing for national coaches, through a plan were carried out more quickly thanks to previ- of action focused on a specific sport. ously gained experience. 2004 Budget: US$ 1,000,000

Basketball coach Fazwi Bal Bakri providing training in Yemen to develop the national structure World Programmes Coaches

Development programmes by continent and by NOC

Continent Number of Participating NOCs programmes Africa 13 12 BDI, BEN, BUR, ETH, GAM, LBA, MAD, NAM, NIG, SEN, STP, TUN America 14 13 AHO, ARG, BAR, BIZ, BRA, CHI, ECU, GRN, GUA, HON, NCA, PER, URU Asia 7 7 AFG, BHU, LAO, MDV, PAK, PLE, YEM Europe 9 8 ALB, CYP, CZE, ESP, EST, SCG, TUR, UKR Oceania 5 4 AUS, FIJ, FSM, VAN Total 48 44

Development programmes by sport and by continent

Sport Africa America Asia Europe Oceania Total (%) Athletics 3 1 2 – – 6 (12.5) Rowing – 1 1 – – 2 (4.2) Basketball 1 – – – – 1 (2.1) Biathlon – – – 2 – 2 (4.2) Boxing 1 – – – 1 2 (4.2) Canoe-Kayak 1 – – – – 1 (2.1) Cycling 1 – – 1 – 2 (4.2) Equestrian 1 – – – – 1 (2.1) Fencing – 1 – – – 1 (2.1) Football 1 1 – – – 2 (4.2) Gymnastics – 1 – – – 1 (2.1) Handball – – – 1 – 1 (2.1) Judo – – – 1 – 1 (2.1) Luge – – – – 1 1 (2.1) Wrestling – 1 – – 1 2 (4.2) Aquatics – – – – 1 1 (2.1) Skiing – – 1 1 – 2 (4.2) Softball – – – – 1 1 (2.1) Taekwondo 1 – 1 – – 2 (4.2) Tennis 2 – – – – 2 (4.2) Table tennis – – 2 – – 2 (4.2) Shooting – – – 1 – 1 (2.1) Sailing – – – 1 – 1 (2.1) Volleyball 1 3 – – – 4 (8.3) Others – 5 – 1 – 6 (12.5) Total 13 14 7 9 5 48 (100)

Women’s rowing event (quadruple sculls) during the Games of the XXVII Olympiad in Sydney © Allsport/Jamie Squire 42 43

Group discussion in progress during the course for sports administrators in Guyana World Programmes NOC Management

The year of the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad in Athens was a key year for NOCs in ensuring a solid management structure was in place for these Games, and at the same time evaluating the impact of their planning at the conclusion of the Games and of the 2001-2004 quadrennial plan.

Olympic Solidarity was also active in evaluating the impact of the NOC Management programmes over these four years in order to plan appropriately for the following quadrennial period, and NOCs took a particular interest in collaborating with Olympic Solidarity to ensure that their views were represented. Each of the management programmes available to NOCs in 2004 included an emphasis on evaluation.

The five World Programmes within the NOC Management area are dedicated to strengthening the NOCs’ administrative infrastructure, training sports administrators and offering assistance tai- lored to the individual NOC’s needs. NOCs were provided with a contribution towards their running costs as well as IT through the NOC Infrastructure Programme. Sports administrators could take advantage of national educational opportunities through the Sports Administrators Programme, as well as gain insight into the latest knowledge and trends in the international sport management field through the High Level Education Programme. The NOC Management Consultancy Programme offered NOCs the opportunity to improve upon their management through the support of external experts or other NOCs. The Regional Forums Programme enabled NOCs to meet in small groups to discuss issues of relevance to their continent and region. 44 45

NOCs enter the digital age

Olympic Solidarity distributed for the final year of the quadrennial plan the annual subsidy of US$ 20,000 to 202 NOCs. The administration subsidy is a contribution towards the NOCs’ general running costs, such as office rent, staff salaries, telecommunications, meetings, etc. In order to receive the funding, NOCs had to certify that the previous year’s funds had been used for the purposes set out in their application form, and specify their intentions for how the 2004 grant was to be used.

The objective of the IT Development sub-programme was to ensure that all NOCs were equipped with suitable computer technology, and, if necessary, that their staff were trained to use it. In 2001, NOCs that did not meet the specified IT minimum requirements were prioritised in the distribution of funding; and in 2002, the programme was NOC Infrastructure opened to all NOCs, who could apply for funding to improve their existing IT systems. Most of Objectives: to enable NOCs to improve their administrative arrangements and strengthen their operational systems by meeting their general running costs. To develop information technology in order to ensure that NOCs are equipped with suitable computer technology and, if necessary, that their staff can be trained to use it.

2004 Budget: US$ 4,000,000 World Programmes NOC Management

the balance of the funds was allocated in 2003 following receipt and analysis of 152 applications from NOCs, whereby the majority of NOCs listed electronic communication as being the most important means of communication (over fax, telephone and mail). Olympic Solidarity is indeed satisfied that in comparison to the start of the quadrennial, most of the correspondence and applications for Olympic Solidarity programmes are being submitted by email. At the end of 2004, all NOCs (except for two NOCs) had an email address at which they can receive communications from Olympic Solidarity.

In total, 177 NOCs benefited from the IT Development Programme during the 2001-2004 quadrennial plan.

Developing the NOC administration is a key objective Installation of computers at the new headquarters of the Iraqi NOC for the new NOC of Kiribati 46 47

Sports administrators in very good hands

The Olympic year was also active in terms of the number of sports administrators courses approved world-wide, with 169 courses organised by 64 NOCs. These courses were in particular demand during the year of the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad given the increased interest in learning about the Olympic Movement, which was shown by the fact that the Athens Games had the highest ever world-wide viewership, with 3.9 billion people tuning in to see the Games.

NOCs participating in the Sports Administrators Programme implemented an evaluation process in each of the courses conducted in order to improve upon future courses. Olympic Solidarity supported NOCs in the evaluation process by providing them with sample evaluation tools.

The majority of NOCs active in the Sports Administrators Programme collaborated with Olympic Solidarity in the planning for the programme to be offered to NOCs during the next quadrennial by providing feedback in the 2004 Course Report Forms and in the questionnaire that was discussed with NOCs’ during the Athens Games. The consensus of the NOCs’ feedback is that they are satisfied with the Sport Administration Manual and the level of Sports Administrators Programme courses being offered, in particular as it relates to the grassroots and new sports administra- to offer, via the NOCs, national Objectives: tors operating on a national level. However, sports administration courses to enhance there is a need to provide a higher level of sports administrators’ abilities in sports man- courses to more experienced sports adminis- agement and knowledge of the Olympic trators. Olympic Solidarity will continue to work Movement, and to reach out on a grassroots in a joint effort with NOCs on the development level to sports administrators in different of advanced level management courses, regions of their country. which are being developed in partnership 2004 Budget: US$ 300,000 with the MEMOS Network and will be launched within the next quadrennial plan. World Programmes NOC Management

Courses organised / participants by continent

Continent Number Number of Participating NOCs of courses participants Africa 44 1,100 18 1 course: MOZ, MRI, NAM, NIG 2 courses: CMR, GAM, GHA, MAD, TAN 3 courses: ANG, BDI, ETH, LBA, SWZ, ZIM 4 courses: BUR, ERI, GBS

America 52 1,612 19 1 course: BAR, BIZ, GRN, GUY, MEX 2 courses: URU, VIN 3 courses: COL, HAI, HON, NCA, PER 4 courses: ARG, CHI, CRC, ECU, ESA, GUA, PAR

Asia 54 1,836 17 1 course: SIN 2 courses: CAM, LIB, OMA 3 courses: BHU, BRN, MAS, SRI, THA 4 courses: IND, IRI, LAO, MGL, MYA, TJK, UZB, VIE

Europe 12 312 3 4 courses: ALB, ARM, EST Oceania 7 * 7 1 course: ASA, AUS, FSM, GUM, NRU, PLW, VAN Total 169 4,860 64

*results not provided

Distribution of the Sport Administration Manual to a participant Course for sports administrators in Albania during the course for sports administrators in Pune, India 48 49

NOCs network: a key factor of MEMOS

The MEMOS VII graduates presented their projects on 8 October 2004 at the Olympic Museum in Lausanne in front of participants from more than 60 countries, including their graduating class and the next class of participants starting MEMOS VIII. The success of MEMOS can be attributed to the quality of the tutors and profes- sors involved in leading the lectures; the flexibility of the course structure which allows participants to continue their professional responsibilities; the networking among participants which is a unique component in its own right as it brings together high level executives in the Olympic Movement from the five continents; and the fact that to graduate from the programme the participants must present a work that is going to make a consid- High Level Education for Sports Administrators (new programme) erable impact by improving the way that their respective organisation is operating. Objective: to provide, via the NOCs, sports Copies of selected participants’ projects will be administrators with high-level training posted on the NOC Extranet. programmes of international scope. Acceptance for the MEMOS programme is US$ 300,000 2004 Budget: becoming more and more competitive, with over 65 applications received for MEMOS VIII. Participants were accepted based on their academic and/or professional background and on the presentation of their personal project proposal. Preference was also given to NOCs that had not previously participated in the MEMOS programme.

With 2004 being an Olympic year, it was particularly challenging for the MEMOS VII graduating class to complete their projects, and Olympic Solidarity congratulates those who graduated on time as it required a truly Olympic effort! World Programmes NOC Management

Scholarship recipients by continent

Continent 2002-2004 “à la carte” 2003 MEMOS VII 2004 MEMOS VIII scholarship recipients scholarship recipients scholarship recipients Africa BEN, CPV, GAB, GAM, LES, SEN, GHA, MRI CMR, MAW, MOZ, RSA, SWZ, ZIM SLE, SWZ

America ARG, CUB, ESA COL, ECU, GUY, JAM, USA, VIN ANT, BAR, CRC, GUA, HAI, MEX, PUR

Asia CAM, JPN, KGZ, NEP, OMA, SYR, CHN, KUW, LIB, TJK, TKM, UZB INA, IRQ, JOR, KGZ, PHI THA, UZB

Europe CYP, HUN, MLT, SLO, SUI CZE, FIN, GER, GRE, LIE, MLT, ALB, BLR, CRO, FRA, GBR(2), LTU, NOR, POR, ROM, SCG, SLO NED, POR

Oceania AUS – SAM Total 25 25 28

Working group during MEMOS VII in Lausanne, Switzerland 50 51

MEMOS VII Olympic Solidarity scholarship graduates and their projects:

CHN ZHOU Jing – Quality management for sponsorship of Chinese Olympic Committee (MEMOS VI). COL Helder NAVARRO CARRIAZO – Sports macro plan for the Caribbean region of Colombia. CZE Zdenek SESTAK – The communication strategy of the Czech National Olympic Committee. ECU Sandra LOPEZ – Strategic plan for the National Olympic Committee in the promotion of high level athletes in Ecuador. GER Britta JAHNKE – Updating organised sport’s lobbying strategies to the European Union – Taking the challenge of the EU enlargement. GHA Henry Augustine PUFAA – Improving quality of amateur boxers towards the 2008 Olympic Games. GRE Andreas GALANOS – From Athens to Bejing. The development of triathlon in Greece: optimising the legacy of the Olympic Games through a middle-term strategic plan. GUY Garfield WILTSHIRE – A strategic plan for the Guyana Olympic Association 2005-2008. FIN Asko HARKONEN – The coach and the manager as elite athletes’ support persons in a changing operational environment. JAM Lenford G. LEVY – Evaluation of the effectiveness of the International Association of Athletics Federations RDCentre in San Juan. KUW Obaid Zayed AL-ANZI – Development of Kuwait Sport through professionalism. LIB Roland TABET – Development plan of the Lebanese Basketball Federation. LIE Alex HERMANN – Developing the certification of national sports federations in Liechtenstein. MLT Laurie PACE – Developing career opportunities for elite athletes in Malta. MRI Sanjaye GOBOODUN – Diagnosis and strategic guidelines for the Mauritius National Olympic Committee. NOR Eirik NYBERG – The introduction of a competence manager programme in the Norwegian Skating Association. POR Manuel BOA DE JESUS – The relations between International Federations and Continental structures in Europe. ROM Florin MISCA – Diagnosis and perspectives for the Romania National Olympic Committee programmes for young high level athletes. SCG Milivoje V. ILIC – Strategic guidelines for Olympic Winter sports of Serbia and Montenegro: The ice hockey case. USA Robert P. GAMBARDELLA – An analysis of sports organisations and the development of world class athletes for sustained competitive excellence. VIN Keith JOSEPH – Voluntarism in the National Olympic Movement. World Programmes NOC Management

Olympic Solidarity “à la carte” Scholarships

As in the previous years, Olympic Solidarity awarded ten scholarships to candidates nominated by NOCs to complete a masters level course in sports management at a university of their choice. In 2004, there was a decrease in the number of applications received for this “à la carte” option, as more NOCs are opting for MEMOS. To date, 11 of the 2002, 2003 and 2004 scholarship holders have successfully completed their studies, which have in most cases included thesis projects aimed to have an impact on the candidate’s national sports movement or their respective organisations. Moreover, 14 scholarship holders are in the training process.

MEMOS VIII participants in Lausanne, Switzerland 52 53

Exchanges between NOCs, a worthwhile sharing of experiences

A new option within the NOC Management Consultancy programme, NOC Exchange, was launched in cooperation with the IOC NOC Relations Department in 2004. The main objective was to foster and further promote a sharing of experiences among NOCs, in order that NOCs which are more developed in certain management areas may support their colleagues in their continent or other continents in improving their management.

Although this was a new programme, it was well received by NOCs, with 10 exchanges having been successfully completed. Exchanges among NOCs were conducted on a wide variety of topics, including: media relations training, organisation of regional games, national sports system structure, information technology usage and transfer of knowledge within regional organising committees, developing lead- NOC Management Consultancy ership in women coaches, development of sports (new programme) medicine and sports science within an NOC, management internships for NOC staff, and Objective: to offer NOCs ”à la carte” assis- development of a national coaching policy. tance in developing management and administration in different fields such as Given the interest of NOCs in participating in marketing, communication and legal issues, the programme, Olympic Solidarity will con- so that they can improve their internal tinue to offer the NOC Exchange programme structures. in the next quadrennial. As the success of the 2004 Budget: US$ 100,000 programme is determined by the partnerships developed with NOCs willing to support other NOCs, Olympic Solidarity is thankful to those NOCs that have offered their support spontaneously. Olympic Solidarity will work to continue to build those partnerships as well as to further develop the programme in the next quadrennial.

Apart from the NOC Exchange programme, requests for standard management consultancies continued to be a popular option among NOCs. In 2004, 26 projects were presented by NOCs. An area which NOCs gave particular emphasis to this year was the development of strategic plans and marketing, with other pertinent World Programmes NOC Management

NOC requests and projects completed since the beginning of the programme

Continent NOC requests Projects completed Africa 18 ANG, CIV, EGY, GAM, GEQ, LBA, 17 ANG, CIV, EGY, GAM, LBA, MAD (2), MAW, NIG, RWA, SEY, MAD (2), MAW, NIG, RWA, SEY, STP, SWZ (2), ZAM, ZIM (2) STP, SWZ (2), ZAM, ZIM (2)

America 27 AHO, BAR, BIZ, CAY, CHI, COL (2), 25 AHO, BAR, BIZ, CAY, CHI, CRC, DOM, ECU (2), ESA, GUA, COL (2), CRC, DOM, ECU (2), GUY (2), HAI (2), HON, ISV, LCA, ESA, GUA, GUY (2), HAI (2), ISV, PAR (3), SUR, TRI (3), PAR (3), SUR, TRI (3)

Asia 8 CAM, IND, JOR, KAZ, LIB, 7 CAM, IND, JOR, KAZ, LIB, MAS (2), YEM MAS (2)

Europe 11 ALB (2), MKD (2), MLT (2), 11 ALB (2), MKD (2), MLT (2), NED (2), POL, SVK (2) NED (2), POL, SVK (2)

Oceania 12 FIJ, FSM (4), NZL, PLW, PNG (2), 11 FSM (4), NZL, PLW, PNG (2), SAM, TGA (2) SAM, TGA (2)

Total 76 71

subject areas including: development of a Games results system for regional games, review of NOC staffing plans and NOC operational structures, media training, high level management training courses for National Federations, and the development of a national sports calendar and budgets.

Participants in the coaching seminar organised by the USOC in Colorado Springs, United States 54 55

Games in Athens: priority topic for regional forums

With the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad in Athens at the forefront, the Continental Associations took advantage of the Regional Forums in 2004 to address the specific needs of the NOCs.

The following forums were conducted in each of the five continents:

• In Africa, ANOCA, in collaboration with ATHOC, organised two forums in Casablanca (Morocco) and Johannesburg (South Africa) to conduct the Delegation Registration Meetings for NOCs in preparation for the Athens Games.

• In America, PASO, in collaboration with ATHOC, organised a forum in Mexico City through the Continental Activities Programme to conduct the Delegation Registration Meetings for the NOCs in preparation for the Athens Games.

Regional Forums (new programme)

Objective: to help groups of NOCs to organise forums addressing topics deserving special attention.

2004 Budget: US$ 1,000,000 World Programmes NOC Management

• In Asia, the OCA organised five forums in Almaty (Kazakhstan), Bangkok (Thailand), Beijing (People’s Republic of China), Doha (Qatar) and Islamabad (Pakistan) to address the Asian Indoor Games and Crisis Management during the Olympic Games.

• In Europe, the EOC organised a debriefing on the lessons learned during the Athens Games through the V EOC Technical Seminar on “Both sides of the medal – how to create win-to-win models in sport”. The forum was held in Warsaw (Poland).

• In Oceania, ONOC organised a forum on the preservation of the NOC Legacy and on spreading the ideals of Olympism through Olympic education programmes. The forum took place in Palau.

V Technical Seminar in Warsaw (Poland) in the presence of Juan Antonio Samaranch, IOC Honorary President for Life, Gunilla Lindberg (right) and Irena Szewinska (left), IOC members

Water Polo match, Australia-Italy, at the Games of the XXVII Olympiad in Sydney © Allsport/McNamara 58 59

A group of children participating in the competitions organised by the NOC of Tanzania World Programmes Special Fields

The term “special fields” covers much more than just programmes, even if at first glance the themes involved sometimes seem to be only loosely connected with sport as most people perceive it. In fact, these programmes contribute to the promotion of Olympic values and uphold the fundamental principles of the Olympic Movement.

From the very first year of the 2001-2004 quadrennial plan, and in accordance with the IOC policy set out by its various Commissions, Olympic Solidarity decided to offer eight specific programmes designed to help the NOCs fulfil their tasks as members of the Olympic Movement, to strengthen their role in their respective countries, and to increase their presence within international sport. The basic objective of this strategy was to establish solid common policies in order to achieve the best possible results and thereby spread the Olympic values throughout all the continents.

2004 was a busy year in terms of events, which had an impact on all the programmes, with particular attention focused on the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad in Athens. This was reflected in the financial assistance given to help NOCs participate in the Games, to subsidise activities organised by the NOCs in their respective countries (many of which were aimed at promoting the Games) and to organise the International Olympic Academy sessions in Olympia which, because of where they are held, have a highly symbolic dimension. Other important international events took place, including the three IOC Congresses: Sport for All in Rome (Italy), Women and Sport in Marrakech (Morocco) and Culture and Olympic Education in Barcelona (Spain).

Through these eight programmes, Olympic Solidarity offered the NOCs the chance to develop other sports-related fields, with the overall aim of supporting the spread of the Olympic ideals, which are of course part of the Olympic Games, as well as fostering on a daily basis the improvement of the human condition and values. 60 61

At the leading edge of scientific and technical knowledge in sports medicine

The main aspect of this programme remains the sports medicine courses organised for the benefit of NOCs. The same participation arrangements applied as in previous years. The NOCs received the necessary documentation from the IOC Medical and Scientific Department, and had until 31 October 2003 to send to the rep- resentative of their continental medical committee their request for a course during 2004. After an initial analysis of applications, the final decision on how many courses to run in each continent was taken by the IOC Medical Commission at its annual meeting at the end of 2003. The chosen NOCs were then informed of the various steps they should take in order to run these courses. The guidelines were also available on the NOC Extranet. For 2004, 26 courses were scheduled, representing a total budget of US$ 341,000.

All the NOCs also had access to the weekly publication Sportsmed, which is disseminated via the NOC Extranet and for which the EUR 55 annual subscription is paid by Olympic Solidarity.

Olympic Solidarity continued to provide financial support to the five representatives of the continental medical committees by granting a Sports Medicine budget of US$ 10,000 to each continent as a contribution towards administrative and meet- Objectives: to develop and spread scientific ing expenses in 2004. and technical knowledge in sports medicine and to intensify anti-doping educational programmes for NOCs.

2004 Budget: US$ 525,000 World Programmes Special Fields

Sports medicine courses

Continent Accepted Africa 7 BEN, CIV, MAR, NIG, SEY, SLE, SUD America 3 ARU, CAN, CHI Asia 7 BAN, BRN, JOR, KSA, PHI, TJK, UAE Europe 4 BUL, LUX, RUS, SWE Oceania 5 AUS, COK, FIJ, FSM, PLW Total 26

Frenchman Pascal Gentil receiving treatment under the watchful eye of his Moroccan opponent, Abdelkader Zrouri, during a taekwondo bout at the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad in Athens © Getty Images/Jamie Squire 62 63

The world of sport collectively committed to protecting the environment

This programme promotes respect for and protection of the environment, values which should not just be taken into account at major events such as the Olympic Games, but also at sports competitions and events at grassroots level. Sport can contribute at national level through environmental programmes set up by different organisations within a country, awareness-raising campaigns, The emblem of the IOC Sport and Environment Commission seminars and other projects designed to improve quality of life, such as by providing open areas for outdoor sport or safe sports facilities. Since the declaration adopted at the 4th IOC World Conference on Sport and the Environment in Nagano in November 2001, priority has been given to the implementation of the measures listed in Agenda 21. A joint IOC/UNEP (United Nations Environment Programme) working group has been set up for this purpose. The regional seminars organised by the IOC for the benefit of the NOCs, with funding from Olympic Solidarity to help their delegates take part, also play an important role.

In November 2004, the IOC invited a number of NOCs to participate in two regional seminars. The purpose of these seminars was to discuss and share information on the role of sport in promoting sustainable development, and to define future objectives, strategies and activities to be adopted and implemented by the NOCs in the environment field as part of the Olympic Movement’s Agenda 21. In Lomé (Togo), venue of the first seminar, and Havana (Cuba), where the second seminar was held, the NOC representatives present drew up recommendations aimed at continuing existing activities promoting sustainable development, particularly concerning the fight against environmental pollution, education, strength- Sport and Environment ening of alliances between the authorities concerned and the creation of a sport and envi- Objectives: to raise awareness of and accounta- ronment committee within each NOC. bility for sport and its links with the environment in order to promote sustainable development and the implementation of action plans designed to preserve the natural heritage.

2004 Budget: US$ 250,000 World Programmes Special Fields

Olympic Solidarity received individual requests for assistance from NOCs throughout 2004 for national projects such as the organisation of seminars and information workshops, ecological and educational camps and the renovation of sports facilities.

Individual NOC initiatives

Continent Accepted Africa 6 BDI, BUR (2), MAD, MRI, TOG America 1 CHI Asia 1 UZB Europe 3 ARM, AZE, SCG Oceania – – Total 11

Participants involved in a reforestation and land clean-up project in Togo 64 65

Encouraging women’s participation in sport and sports administration

The Olympic Solidarity Women and Sport Programme is designed to help the NOCs create and develop their own national strategy, action plan and activities in order that they may comply with the IOC’s policy of promoting women’s participation in the Olympic Movement and sport in general. This programme also aims to help the NOCs cover their delegates’ participation costs in regional seminars and IOC world conferences.

The activities carried out in 2004 were therefore developed with these objectives in mind. The NOCs which asked for help received funding to develop a series of national activities aimed at creating a genuine structure promoting women’s participation in sport and in administrative bodies. Various activities that were not covered by other Olympic Solidarity programmes, such as national seminars, information and training workshops and research programmes, were also financed through this programme.

Following the second round of regional seminars organised by the IOC between 2001 and Women and Sport 2003, and thanks to the recommendations and follow-up of these seminars, the IOC was able Objectives: to take a number of actions which to determine some of the themes of its con- are necessary to meet IOC objectives, i.e. ference. Organised in cooperation with the promoting sports activities for women and encouraging the participation of women in sports administration.

2004 Budget: US$ 350,000

Seminar on Women and Sport in Guyana World Programmes Special Fields

Individual NOC initiatives

Continent Accepted Africa 5 CHA, CIV, GAM, MAW, TOG America 5 BAR, BIZ, CHI, DMA, ESA Asia – – Europe 1 MLT Oceania 2 COK, PNG Total 13

Moroccan NOC, this conference was held on African soil for the first time. Following in the footsteps of Lausanne in 1996 and Paris in 2000, Marrakech (Morocco) hosted the 3rd World Conference on Women and Sport from 7 to 9 March 2004, under the heading “New Strategies, New Commitments”. The conference was a total success, with 600 participants from 137 different countries, including representatives of the United Nations institutions and non-governmental organisations, IOC partners, athletes, Olympians, experts, academics, NOCs and IFs. In order to help delegates attend the conference, 45 NOCs received funding from Olympic Solidarity to cover transport and accommodation costs totalling US$ 114,384.

Participants in the regional Women and Sport seminar in Benin Participants in a Women and Sport seminar in El Salvador 66 67

Olympism, universal culture

In November 2003, the International Olympic Academy (IOA) sent its activity programme for 2004 to all the NOCs and National Olympic Academies (NOAs). The main sessions organised were the 7th Joint International Session for Presidents or Directors of NOAs and Officials of NOCs, the 44th International Session for Young Participants and the 12th International Olympic Studies Seminar for Postgraduate Students. As part of this joint programme, Olympic Solidarity again provided financial assistance for the NOCs and NOAs to cover some of their delegates’ participation costs for the first two sessions.

Focusing on the theme of Olympism, with the special topic of “Cultural Diversities and Olympism”, the 7th Joint Session was held in Olympia from 23 to 27 April 2004, with 88 participants from 70 different countries and seven lecturers. The NOC and NOA representatives were given the opportunity to exchange views on International Olympic Academy themes of common interest and their respective experiences, as well as to create a network Objectives: to encourage NOCs and NOAs through which they could continue their dis- to send participants to the various IOA cussions when they returned home. sessions, which are designed to teach, spread and champion the ideas of the Brought forward to the end of May because of Olympic Movement, and to facilitate the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad in Athens, access to them. the 44th International Session for Young Participants attracted 142 youngsters from 2004 Budget: US$ 600,000 77 different countries. The rich, varied programme on the theme of “Olympic Games: Cultural and Ethical Parameters” enabled the young people to deepen their knowledge and to discuss this subject with the 10 lecturers, 9 guests and 22 coordinators who were present, and to exchange opinions on Olympic education.

These two sessions were transmitted live on the Internet site www.ioa-sessions.org, so that students from all over the world could follow and discuss the proceedings interactively. Olympic Solidarity covered the costs of these broadcasts. World Programmes Special Fields

IOA Sessions

44th International Session for 7th International Session for Young Participants Officials and Presidents of NOAs Continent NOCs Participants NOAs Participants which benefited from Olympic Solidarity support Africa 11 17 19 23 America 15 26 17 18 Asia 15 26 8 13 Europe 34 68 25 32 Oceania 2 5 1 2 Total 77 142 70 88

During this Olympic year, the IOA launched an Olympic literary competition on the theme “Education and the Olympic Movement”. Organised through the NOAs, this competition was held in two stages, the first at national level and the second at international level. The results were announced by the IOA President and IOC member, Nikos Filaretos, at the opening ceremony of the 7th Session. The first prize was awarded to the NOA of Mauritius, while the NOAs of Indonesia and New Zealand received second prize ex æquo.

As usual, Olympic Solidarity also paid for the translation of IOA documents and publications.

Students at the 44th International Session for Young Participants The palaestra: Ancient Olympia © IOC/Anne Chevalley organised by the International Olympic Academy in Olympia, Greece 68 69

Popularity and universality of sport

NOCs wishing to promote Sport for All activities at national level can apply for help through this programme. In 2004, these initiatives led to the organisation of various mass participation sports events, seminars and activities aimed at disadvantaged communities.

This year was marked by the 10th World Sport for All Congress, organised in Rome from 11 to 14 November by the Italian National Olympic Committee (ITA) under the IOC’s patronage and in cooperation with the World Health Organisation (WHO) and the General Association of International Sports Federations (GAISF). Under the theme “Sport for All as a tool for education and development”, this event brought together more than 1,200 delegates from 112 different countries, representing sports organisations, governments, academic and community bodies, as well as UN agencies. As in previous years, Olympic Solidarity gave financial support to 45 NOCs in all (10 per continent and 5 from Oceania), selected with the help of their respective Continental Associations. Sport for All This funding covered transport costs, Congress registration fees and accommodation for one Objectives: to promote sport at all levels delegate from each NOC. and encourage the practice of physical activities by all segments of society. The second major event of the year was the tra- 2004 Budget: US$ 480,000 ditional Olympic Day Run, in which 164 NOCs agreed to participate. By the end of the year, 150 NOCs had submitted a report and were therefore entitled to a subsidy of US$ 1,500 from Olympic Solidarity, together with an additional US$ 1,000 or US$ 2,500 from the IOC (depending on the number of participants). Olympic Solidarity paid for the postage of the certificates that were awarded to the participants. World Programmes Special Fields

Olympic Day Run 2004

Continent NOCs which said NOCs which submitted Participants they were a report and received staging a race financial assistance Africa 43 37 100,539 America 32 32 226,137 Asia 38 33 304,815 Europe 40 37 532,657 Oceania 11 11 127,671 Total 164 150 1,291,819

“All together, irrespective of sex, race and ages – Walking for Health” in Dominica

Individual NOC initiatives

Continent Accepted Africa 3 MOZ, SOM, TAN America 4 ANT, CHI, DMA, GRN Asia 1 TPE Europe 4 AZE, DEN, LIE, MKD Oceania 3 COK, FIJ, NZL Total 15

Participants in the Olympic Day Run held in the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia 70 71

Growing success for Culture and Education programme

Launched at the start of the 2001-2004 quadrennial plan, Olympic Solidarity’s “Culture and Education” programme has become increasingly popular among the NOCs. Complementing the IOA programme, it offers the NOCs and their NOAs assistance with the development of national activities in this field. Several projects were thus carried out, many of them linked in this Olympic year to the (new programme) theme of the Games. They included exhibitions, Culture and Education seminars, competitions, publications and edu- Objectives: to promote culture and Olympic cational material. For some specific requests education through the activities of the from NOCs, mainly for documentation and IOC Commission for Culture and Olympic photographic research or training, Olympic Education and individual NOC initiatives, Solidarity was able to cooperate with the as well as research and studies in this field. Olympic Museum and Olympic Studies Centre in Lausanne. 2004 Budget: US$ 450,000 Parallel to the financial help available for individual initiatives, Olympic Solidarity helped all the NOCs by paying the transport and accommodation costs for one delegate from each NOC to participate in the World Forum on Education, Culture and Sport, held in Barcelona in June on the theme “Sports: a universal dialogue”. Lasting three days, the

Debate at the Universal Forum of Cultures entitled “Sports: a universal dialogue”, Barcelona, Spain © BPMO Photo World Programmes Special Fields

first of which was dedicated to the 2nd IOC World Forum, this event was held in the framework of the Universal Forum of Cultures 2004, organised by the Municipality of Barcelona. For the first time, the general public was able to attend and participate in the debates.

Specific NOC activities

Continent Accepted Africa 7 BDI, MAD (2), NIG, RSA, TAN, ZIM America 9 BIZ, CHI, DMA (2), PAR, PUR, TRI, URU, VIN Asia 4 IRI, KOR, PHI (2) Europe 6 ARM (2), BUL, IRL, MKD, UKR Oceania 3 FSM, NZL (2) Total 29

Primary and secondary school children in Pohnpei (Federated States of Micronesia) received the new brochure on Olympic Education from the NOC 72 73

NOCs’ legitimate ambition: to develop their own Olympic heritage

This programme, launched at the start of this quadrennial plan, is designed to meet the IOC’s request that NOCs be enabled to preserve the history of the Olympic Movement and sport in their respective countries for both current and future generations.

In 2004, financial support from Olympic Solidarity was used by NOCs to create exhibition rooms for their collections of sports- related items, to publish books on the development of sport at national level, to create libraries and organise their archives, or even to conduct research or purchase specific equipment for their museums. The NOCs were therefore able to achieve their NOC Legacy (new programme) primary ambition of making all available infor- Objectives: to preserve national Olympic mation on the history of sport in their countries history and legacies by offering support accessible to their community. to NOCs in the form of training assistance for setting up archives and support for museum maintenance.

2004 Budget: US$ 500,000

Seeking information in the library at the Guyana documentation and resources centre World Programmes Special Fields

Individual NOC requests

Continent Accepted Africa 4 COD, MAW, RSA, SEY America 4 BIZ, CHI, ESA, GUA Asia 1 IRI Europe 4 ARM, MKD, MLT, NED Oceania 5 COK, FIJ, FSM, NZL, PNG Total 18

School children visiting the Ukraine Museum Sports Glory exhibition 74 75

NOCs rewarded for contribution to success of the Games

The main event of this year was clearly the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad, held in Athens from 13 to 29 August 2004, in which 10,625 athletes participated.

Thanks to a budget approved by the Olympic Solidarity Commission in February 2004, all NOCs with athletes competing in the Games received financial assistance from Olympic Solidarity. This com- prised a fixed sum of US$ 10,000 to cover logistical costs, up to US$ 14,000 for the transport and accommodation expenses of the President and Secretary General of each NOC (US$ 7,000 for each), and reimbursement of the travel costs of up to six athletes and two officials. In addition, each NOC received a financial reward for its contribution to the success of the Games, calcu- lated on the basis of an amount of US$ 1,450, multiplied by the number of participating athletes per NOC.

For each NOC, Olympic Solidarity also paid for one young person to participate in the International Youth Camp run by the Organising Committee of the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad in Athens (ATHOC).

In total, Olympic Solidarity paid US$ 22,776,000 to the NOCs in 2004, a sum which will form part of the budget for the 2005-2008 plan Olympic Games Participation because it is funded by the sale of television rights for the Athens and Turin Games and is ear- to help NOCs participate in Objective: marked for the development of the 2005-2008 the Olympic Games by offering financial quadrennial plan. assistance before, during and after the Games. World Programmes Special Fields

Athletes who participated in the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad in Athens

NOC Number NOC Number NOC Number NOC Number of athletes of athletes of athletes of athletes

Africa (cont.) America (cont.) ALG 62 MAD 8 AHO 3 JAM 47 ANG 30 MAR 57 ANT 5 LCA 2 BDI 7 MAW 4 ARG 155 MEX 113 BEN 4 MLI 23 ARU 4 NCA 5 BOT 11 MOZ 4 BAH 22 PAN 4 BUR 5 MRI 9 BAR 10 PAR 23 CAF 4 MTN 2 BER 10 PER 12 CGO 5 NAM 8 BIZ 2 PUR 43 CHA 1 NGR 72 BOL 7 SKN 2 CIV 5 NIG 4 BRA 246 SUR 4 CMR 18 RSA 106 CAN 262 TRI 19 COD 4 RWA 5 CAY 5 URU 15 COM 3 SEN 16 CHI 22 USA 535 CPV 3 SEY 9 COL 53 VEN 48 EGY 97 SLE 2 CRC 24 VIN 3 ERI 4 SOM 2 CUB 151 ETH 26 STP 2 DMA 2 GAB 5 SUD 4 DOM 33 GAM 2 SWZ 3 ECU 16 GBS 3 TAN 8 ESA 7 GEQ 2 TOG 3 GRN 5 GHA 28 TUN 57 GUA 18 GUI 3 UGA 11 GUY 4 KEN 46 ZAM 6 HAI 8 LBA 8 ZIM 12 HON 5 LBR 2 ISV 6 LES 3 Total 828 IVB 1 Total 1,961 76 77

NOC Number NOC Number NOC Number NOC Number of athletes of athletes of athletes of athletes

Asia (cont.) Europe (cont.) AFG 5 NEP 6 ALB 7 ITA 365 BAN 4 OMA 2 AND 6 LAT 32 BHU 2 PAK 26 ARM 18 LIE 1 BRN 10 PHI 16 AUT 74 LTU 59 BRU 1 PLE 3 AZE 37 LUX 10 CAM 4 PRK 36 BEL 50 MDA 33 CHN 387 QAT 15 BIH 9 MKD 10 HKG 32 SIN 16 BLR 151 MLT 7 INA 38 SRI 7 BUL 96 MON 3 IND 73 SYR 6 CRO 81 NED 210 IRI 37 THA 42 CYP 20 NOR 52 IRQ 25 TJK 9 CZE 142 POL 194 JOR 8 TKM 9 DEN 92 POR 82 JPN 311 TLS 2 ESP 316 ROM 108 KAZ 116 TPE 88 EST 42 RUS 449 KGZ 29 UAE 4 FIN 53 SCG 87 KOR 268 UZB 69 FRA 308 SLO 79 KSA 16 VIE 11 GBR 264 SMR 5 KUW 11 YEM 3 GEO 32 SUI 98 LAO 5 GER 442 SVK 64 LIB 5 GRE 431 SWE 116 MAS 26 HUN 209 TUR 64 MDV 4 IRL 46 UKR 239 MGL 20 ISL 26 MYA 2 Total 1,809 ISR 36 Total 5,355 World Programmes Special Fields

NOC Number NOC Number of athletes of athletes

Oceania (cont.) ASA 3 NZL 148 AUS 475 PLW 4 COK 3 PNG 4 FIJ 8 SAM 3 FSM 5 SOL 2 GUM 4 TGA 5 KIR 3 VAN 2 NRU 3 Total 672

Ana Po’Uhila (Tonga), Olympic scholarship holder competing in the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad in Athens © Getty Images/Michael Steel 80 81

The five Continental Programmes are specific to each continent. Covering similar areas for all the continents, they provide an important complement to the world programmes. They are managed by the Continental Associations in accordance with individual agreements concluded with Olympic Solidarity. Since the situation is different in each continent and for each Association, the level of responsibility for these programmes and their management varies in accordance with these agreements. Continental Programmes

At the beginning of the 2001-2004 quadrennial plan, the Continental Associations embarked on a new approach to the Olympic Solidarity programme based on the decentralisation process. Their workload, both organisational and financial, has increased tremendously. In 2004, with experience already gained, it was clear from the satisfaction expressed by the NOCs that these Continental programmes functioned very well. All activities were stepped up and the NOCs were provided with a high-quality service with improved the results in comparison to earlier years.

Five specific programmes:

Continental Association administration Objectives: to enable the Continental Associations to develop, to maintain a solid internal structure and to function satisfactorily.

Continental Association meetings Objectives: to enable the Continental Associations to organise various meetings in order to communicate, exchange views and take decisions necessary for them to function properly.

Continental Association activities Objective: to provide financial aid vital to the development of activities specific to each continent which benefit the NOCs.

Continental and Regional Games (organisation) Objective: to enable the Continental Associations to help their NOCs with the organisation of Continental and/or Regional Games.

NOC activities Objective: to provide each NOC with a fixed subsidy each year to enable them to develop their own most important and specific activities. 82 83

Association of National Olympic Committees of Africa (ANOCA)

The holding of the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad in Athens in August 2004 brought to a conclusion one of the main elements of the activity programme of Olympic Solidarity’s 2001-2004 quadrennial plan and of most African NOCs. Of ANOCA’s 53 member NOCs, 52 participated in this superb festival of sport. The African delegation at the Games included 95 of the 157 Olympic scholarship-holders. African athletes won a total of 35 medals. Other important events took place this year within the framework of ANOCA’s activities, including the participation of all the African NOCs in the ANOC General Assembly held in Athens in February, the participation of the ANOCA Women and Sport Committee, together with a substantial women’s delegation from 20 NOCs, in the IOC World Conference on Women and Sport held in Marrakech (Morocco) in March; the organisation, in cooperation with Olympic Solidarity and ATHOC, of two pre-Delegation Registration Meetings (pre DERMs) in Casablanca (Morocco) and Johannesburg (South Africa) in June; and the organisation of the Seminar for Secretaries General of the African NOCs in Addis Ababa (Ethiopia) in December and the meeting of the ANOCA Marketing Committee in Johannesburg, also in December. In 2004, the total budget allocated for ANOCA programmes was US$ 3,255,000.

Administration This budget is mainly used to cover ANOCA’s development and operating costs, including staff salaries, office expenditure (fur- niture, electrical equipment), computer technology and communication. The whole of the quadrennial budget, amounting to US$ 1,840,000, was used. 2004 Budget: US$ 460,000 Continental Programmes

Meetings The same applies to the meetings budget. Ten meetings were organised during the four-year period just completed, including two in 2004, i.e. the Executive Committee meeting in Yaoundé (Cameroon) in January, at which the annual activity programme was drafted and adopted, and the Seminar for Secretaries General of the NOCs in Addis Ababa, when the main items for discussion were the 2005-2008 quadrennial plan, analysis of the 2001-2004 quadrennial plan, the fight against doping and Olympic education. 2004 Budget: US$ 300,000

Continental activities Several projects have been suspended or stopped altogether because the financing regulations laid down by mutual agreement with the partners concerned have not been respected. With the excep- tion of the 2001 financial year, when the relevant subsidy was used correctly, the other three years have produced large outstanding balances totalling US$ 764,655. 2004 Budget: US$ 375,000

Regional and Continental Games (organisation) The whole of the budget allocated for these activities was used to support the All Africa Games in Abuja (Nigeria) and the inaugural Afro-Asian Games in Hyderabad (India) in 2003 which, as well as producing some outstanding sporting performances, fostered greater solidarity between athletes and officials from the two continents. Nevertheless, in 2004, meetings were held in New Delhi (India) and Algiers (Algeria). Budget used up in 2003

NOC activities This programme, which aims to offer a fixed annual sum for the development of each NOC’s main activities, was managed by Olympic Solidarity on ANOCA’s behalf. A total of 48 NOCs benefited from this programme in 2004. Summary of the report by Mr Alpha Ibrahim Diallo, President, 2004 Budget: US$ 2,120,000 and Mr Raymond Ibata, Secretary General 84 85

Pan American Sports Organisation (PASO)

In 2004, PASO continued to consolidate and enhance the implementation of Olympic Solidarity’s World and Continental Programmes, with very encouraging results achieved in America during this Olympic year. Thanks to co-operation between the Olympic Solidarity staff in Lausanne and the Pan American Olympic Solidarity programme coordination office, all activities in our continent were run more efficiently and the NOCs enjoyed greater benefits as a result. The decentralisation of funds towards the Continental Associations, along with the activities and programmes run by PASO at the ini- tiative of President Mario Vázquez Raña, helped to ensure that the Olympic Solidarity programmes were organised in a true spirit of solidarity encompassing all 42 of PASO’s member NOCs. Generally speaking, the programmes relating to the administration of PASO, the continental meetings and the programme of continental activities were successfully implemented in accordance with the respective annual budgets. The various activities carried out were regularly evaluated, with favourable results in every case. At the Executive Committee’s last meeting, held in Mexico City in October 2004, it was noted that the results achieved by PASO’s member NOCs at the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad surpassed those recorded at the Sydney Games. One of the reasons for this improvement is the positive impact of the Olympic Solidarity programmes during this four-year period, particularly with regard to coach education, Olympic scholarships for athletes, support for talented young athletes and the increase in financial support for NOCs. Furthermore, the joint programme between PASO and the United States NOC, entitled “Rumbo a Atenas” (on the way to Athens), enabled many athletes, mainly from small countries, to complete the final stages of their preparation for the Athens Games. Continental Programmes

The Pan-American Olympic Solidarity Commission met on 13 December to analyse the implementation of the World Programmes and of those that PASO decided to include in its Pan-American Olympic Solidarity programme. PASO managed all of the Continental Programmes and their budgets, with a budget of US$ 3,042,500 in 2004.

Administration During the 2001-2004 period, PASO continued to offer financial support to the NOCs, enabling them to further develop and enhance their IT programmes and employ their own IT specialists. During each year of the quadrennial, 65% of the total budget was allocated for this purpose. The rest of the budget covered areas such as staff salaries, the basic services necessary for the day-to- day running of the PASO office and other administrative activities. 2004 Budget: US$ 450,000

Meetings PASO’s annual General Assemblies and at least two Executive Committee meetings per year are funded through the budget allocated to this programme. This year, the XLII General Assembly was held in San Antonio, Texas (USA). The Executive Committee met in San Antonio and Mexico City. Not surprisingly, the main item on the agenda was the NOCs’ preparation for the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad in Athens. 2004 Budget: US$ 285,000

Continental activities The whole of the budget earmarked for this programme, supple- mented by PASO’s own funds, was used to complete the vast programme of technical courses and seminars launched in 2002. Therefore, 32 of the 35 courses that were planned for 2004 took place, covering 26 different sports. They were attended by a total of 793 participants and 169 lecturers. 2004 Budget: US$ 627,500 86 87

NOC activities Each year, PASO grants US$ 40,000 to each NOC in two instalments of US$ 20,000, enabling them to organise activities in accordance with their specific needs. However, every year the most difficult task remains the implementation of this programme. Some NOCs had totally or partly failed to justify their use of funds previously received, which meant that PASO was unable to allocate further payments. PASO is sticking rigidly to this rule, while at the same Summary of the report by time continuing to help the NOCs to address this problem. Mr Julio C. Maglione, ANOC Vice-President, and Mr Felipe Muñoz Kapamas, PASO Secretary General 2004 Budget: US$ 1,680,000 Continental Programmes

The American softball team win the final against Australia at the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad in Athens © Getty Images/Nick Laham 88 89

Olympic Council of Asia (OCA)

2004, the final year of the quadrennial plan, was very eventful. All member NOCs of the OCA welcomed the increased autonomy they were granted, which enabled them to carry out their activities in accordance with their needs and priorities. The OCA supported the organisation of the 9th South Asian Federation Games held in Islamabad (Pakistan). Thanks to the frequent and excellent organisation of the Asian Games and regional games, Asian athletes achieved very good results at the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad in Athens, and the Asian NOCs played a prominent part in the Games.

The regular holding of meetings resulted in stronger collaboration and coordination between the OCA and the different Asian NOCs, thus fostering more regular exchanges of information. In the same way, the OCA and the NOCs were able to gather more experience in order to develop high-level technical and administrative stan- dards. The OCA has received encouraging feedback from the regional forums, which served as a platform for discussion of numerous issues relating to the Olympic Movement. The delegates also had the opportunity to present their national initiatives. These forums are excellent tools for strengthening links between the various parties. However, the OCA would not have been able to achieve this high level of success without the cooperation of member NOCs and the efficiency of the Olympic Solidarity office in Lausanne. The OCA managed all the continental programmes and their funding with a budget of US$ 2,867,500 in 2004.

Administration As in previous years, the budget allocated by Olympic Solidarity was used mainly for staff salaries at the OCA headquarters, computer and office equipment, communication and the day-to-day running of the OCA headquarters. In March, the OCA’s previous headquarters were demolished to make room for a new, larger building, which should be completed by June 2007. The OCA headquarters are now temporarily based in an apartment in the Bayan area. 2004 Budget: US$ 508,750 Continental Programmes

Meetings The funds allocated by Olympic Solidarity for OCA meetings do not cover the actual costs. The OCA therefore has to make up the deficit from its own funds. This year, the OCA organised various meetings, including the joint meeting between itself, Olympic Solidarity and the NOCs of the Islamic Republic of Iran and Afghanistan in Tehran from 20 to 22 January; the meeting with the Organising Committee of the 1st Asian Indoor Games in Bangkok (Thailand) on 24 February; the meeting for Secretaries General and the 42nd Executive Board meeting in Doha (Qatar) on 30 June; and the 23rd OCA General Assembly in Doha on 1 July. 2004 Budget: US$ 330,000

Continental activities The whole of the 2004 budget was used for the Olympasia project and for organising the Asian Games Fun Run. The Olympasia project has been running smoothly since its inception. At the beginning of the 2001-2004 quadrennial, the OCA planned eight projects, but by the end of 2004, a total of 14 projects had been funded for the following Asian NOCs: Afghanistan, Bhutan, Cambodia, India, Jordan, Maldives, Mongolia, Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Nepal, Tajikistan, Thailand, Vietnam and Yemen. The OCA plans to continue this project for the benefit of other NOCs. The Asian Games Fun Run was held in Delhi (India), Seoul (Korea), Beijing (People’s Republic of China) and Thailand. This run was particularly aimed at promoting the 15th Asian Games in Doha. 2004 Budget: US$ 308,750

Regional and Continental Games (organisation) The 9th South Asian Federation Games were successfully held in Islamabad (Pakistan) from 29 March to 9 April. Eight NOCs participated. The OCA granted financial assistance to the NOC of Pakistan. The entire budget for this programme was allocated in 2001 and 2002. 90 91

NOC activities A sum of US$ 40,000 was paid directly to each member NOC to fund different programmes specific to their needs. This year, the NOCs used this money for various national activities, such as the purchase of office and sports equipment, or to support athletes’ training for and participation in international competitions. At the end of each year, the NOCs must present an audited statement of Summary of the report their accounts, showing how this money has been used. by Mr Hussain Al-Mussallam, Deputy Director General 2004 Budget: US$ 1,720,000 Continental Programmes

Timea Nagy (Hungary) gold medallist at the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad in Athens, individual épée © Getty Images/Jamie Squire 92 93

The European Olympic Committees (EOC)

The decentralisation process launched in 2001 continued in the final year of the 2001-2004 Olympic Solidarity quadrennial plan. The EOC managed the continental programmes in a smooth and generally satisfactory way. The European programmes were implemented in parallel with the world programmes run by Olympic Solidarity and in full coordination between the Olympic Solidarity headquarters in Lausanne (Switzerland) and the EOC office in Rome (Italy). In 2004, the EOC managed all the continental programmes and the corresponding funds, with a budget of US$ 3,216,000.

Administration In 2004, the EOC secretariat not only constantly updated its equipment with the latest technologies in an effort to increase efficiency, but also rationalised the administrative management of its office’s activities in order to gradually improve the quality of the services provided to the NOCs. 2004 Budget: US$ 525,000

Meetings In addition to the institutional meetings such as the General Assembly, Seminar for Secretaries General and Chefs de Mission, and meetings of the Executive Committee, Commissions and working groups, the EOC organised the very successful V EOC Technical Seminar – European Forum, held in Warsaw (Poland) from 10 to 12 December 2004. 2004 Budget: US$ 225,000

Continental activities The EOC website, www.eurolympic.org, is constantly updated, while the EOC Newsletter is now sent out monthly as well as being accessible on the website. The EOC also published the annual issue of its magazine “SportEurope”, presenting an overview of the main EOC activities carried out during the year. All of these tools helped the EOC to improve communication and to achieve its goals. 2004 Budget: USD 546,000 Continental Programmes

Continental and Regional Games (organisation) 2004 was the year for the preparation of the European Youth Olympic Festival, the winter edition of which will be held in Monthey (Switzerland) from 23 to 28 January 2005. Lignano Sabbiadoro (Italy) will host the summer edition, while the Games of the Small States of Europe will be held in Andorra. The budget was used in 2001 and 2003.

NOC activities As in the past, the EOC paid most of the annual budget directly to the NOCs, with each receiving US$ 30,000. In addition, 32 projects were funded in the framework of the “NOCs special activities” budget. The remaining budget was used to implement the numerous activities of the EOC, indirectly helping the NOCs to participate in and organise the year’s meetings. Summary of the report by Mr Mario Pescante, President, and 2004 Budget: US$ 1,920,000 Mr Patrick Hickey, Secretary General 94 95

Oceania National Olympic Committees (ONOC)

The decentralisation process is continuing satisfactorily for ONOC, which managed all the continental programmes and their funds, with a budget of US$ 2,095,000 in 2004, as well as some Olympic Solidarity world programmes, as was previously the case. The NOCs took a while to begin using the new programmes, some of which were hardly used. However, these programmes still made a major contribution to the development of sport in the region.

Administration / Meetings The funds allocated were primarily used to cover the costs of the ONOC secretariat, based in Suva (Fiji), the travel expenses of Executive Board and staff members, and the costs of organising the General Assembly in Koror (Palau) and the ONOC Executive Board meetings. 2004 Budget: US$ 350,000

Continental activities The Oceania Sports Information Centre (OSIC), based at the University of the South Pacific in Suva, continues to offer its services to the whole region. After functioning initially as the information and archive centre for the South Pacific Games – which celebrated their 40th anniversary last year – the Centre is now involved in a new sports education programme, to be run through the distance learning programme of the University of the South Pacific. The Australian government and Olympic Solidarity helped to fund the creation of this new project. ONOC has noted increased interest among the NOCs in using funds allocated as part of the Olympoceania programme. The Solomon Islands NOC was the first to complete its project of ren- ovating several sports installations in Honiara this year. The project’s success was partly due to the additional financial support given by the British High Commission in Honiara for building renovation. At the end of the year, the Vanuatu NOC began to build its new headquarters. The Palau NOC signed an agreement with the national government, giving it control of the National Gymnasium in Koror, which is to be substantially improved with funding from the Olympoceania programme. Further projects are under way for the NOCs of the Cook Islands, the Federated States of Micronesia, American Samoa and Samoa. ONOC has also received applications from the NOCs of Guam, Nauru and Papua New Guinea. Continental Programmes

Finally, ONOC awarded subsidies to the Oceanian national athletics, baseball, basketball, boxing, weightlifting, wrestling, swimming, softball, tennis, table tennis and archery federations. It also helped to fund their regional championships and development programmes. 2004 Budget: US$ 720,000

Continental and Regional Games (organisation) Since 2002, ONOC has been giving financial support to the Organising Committee of the VII South Pacific Mini Games, to be held in Palau from 25 July to 4 August 2005. The Mini Games programme will include athletics, baseball, basketball, canoeing, weightlifting, wrestling, swimming, softball, tennis, table tennis, triathlon and beach volleyball. Starting this year and for the next two years, ONOC is also helping the Organising Committee of the XIII South Pacific Games, to be held in Apia (Samoa) in 2007. Meanwhile, the NOCs of Fiji, Solomon Islands, Cook Islands, Kiribati and Samoa have been organising various national multisport events. 2004 Budget: US$ 125,000

NOC activities Thanks to funding allocated for national activities, the 15 Oceanian NOCs organised 102 technical programmes. Ten NOCs received subsidies for the employment of sports development officers and 12 were awarded sports equipment grants. Summary of the report by Dr Robin Mitchell, 2004 Budget: US$ 900,000 Secretary General 96 97

Continental Associations

ANOCA Association of National Olympic Committees of Africa

PASO Pan American Sports Organisation

OCA Olympic Council of Asia

EOC The European Olympic Committees

ONOC Oceania National Olympic Committees Abbreviations

International Olympic Federations

Summer IAAF International Association of Athletics Federation FISA International Rowing Federation IBF International Badminton Federation IBAF International Baseball Federation FIBA International Basketball Federation AIBA International Boxing Association ICF International Canoe Federation UCI International Cycling Union FEI Fédération Equestre Internationale FIE Fédération Internationale d’Escrime FIFA Fédération Internationale de Football Association FIG International Gymnastics Federation IWF International Weightlifting Federation IHF International Handball Federation FIH International Hockey Federation IJF International Judo Federation FILA International Federation of Associated Wrestling Styles FINA Fédération Internationale de Natation UIPM Union Internationale de Pentathlon Moderne ISF International Softball Federation WTF The World Taekwondo Federation ITF International Tennis Federation ITTF The International Table Tennis Federation ISSF International Shooting Sport Federation FITA International Archery Federation ITU International Triathlon Union ISAF International Sailing Federation FIVB International Volleyball Federation

Winter IBU International Biathlon Union FIBT International Bobsleigh and Tobogganing Federation WCF World Curling Federation IIHF International Ice Hockey Federation FIL International Luge Federation ISU International Skating Union FIS International Ski Federation 98 99

National Olympic Committees

Africa (53 NOCs) America (42 NOCs) RSA South Africa ANT Antigua and Barbuda ALG Algeria AHO Netherlands Antilles ANG Angola ARG Argentina BEN Benin ARU Aruba BOT Botswana BAH Bahamas BUR Burkina Faso BAR Barbados BDI Burundi BIZ Belize CMR Cameroon BER Bermuda CPV Cape Verde BOL Bolivia CAF Central African Republic BRA Brazil COM Comoros CAY Cayman Islands CGO Congo CAN Canada COD Democratic Republic of CHI Chile the Congo COL Colombia CIV Côte d’Ivoire CRC Costa Rica DJI Djibouti CUB Cuba EGY Egypt DOM Dominican Republic ERI Eritrea DMA Dominica ETH Ethiopia ESA El Salvador GAB Gabon ECU Ecuador GAM Gambia USA United States of America GHA Ghana GRN Grenada GUI Guinea GUA Guatemala GBS Guinea-Bissau GUY Guyana GEQ Equatorial Guinea HAI Haiti KEN Kenya HON Honduras LES Lesotho JAM Jamaica LBR Liberia MEX Mexico LBA Libyan Arab Jamahiriya NCA Nicaragua MAD Madagascar PAN Panama MAW Malawi PAR Paraguay MLI Mali PER Peru MAR Morocco PUR Puerto Rico MRI Mauritius SKN Saint Kitts and Nevis MTN Mauritania LCA Saint Lucia MOZ Mozambique VIN Saint Vincent and NAM Namibia the Grenadines NIG Niger SUR Suriname NGR Nigeria TRI Trinidad and Tobago UGA Uganda URU Uruguay RWA Rwanda VEN Venezuela STP Sao Tome and Principe ISV Virgin Islands SEN Senegal IVB British Virgin islands SEY Seychelles SLE Sierra Leone Asia (44 NOCs) SOM Somalia AFG Afghanistan SUD Sudan KSA Saudi Arabia SWZ Swaziland BRN Bahrain TAN Tanzania BAN Bangladesh CHA Chad BHU Bhutan TOG Togo BRU Brunei Darussalam TUN Tunisia CAM Cambodia ZAM Zambia CHN People’s Republic of China ZIM Zimbabwe KOR Korea Abbreviations

UAE United Arab Emirates MKD Former Yugoslav Republic HKG Hong Kong, China of Macedonia IND India FIN Finland INA Indonesia FRA France IRI Islamic Republic of Iran GEO Georgia IRQ Iraq GBR Great Britain JPN Japan GRE Greece JOR Jordan HUN Hungary KAZ Kazakhstan IRL Ireland KGZ Kyrgyzstan ISL Iceland KUW Kuwait ISR Israel LAO Lao People’s ITA Italy Democratic Republic LAT Latvia LIB Lebanon LIE Liechtenstein MAS Malaysia LTU Lithuania MDV Maldives LUX Luxembourg MGL Mongolia MLT Malta MYA Myanmar MDA Republic of Moldova NEP Nepal MON Monaco OMA Oman NOR Norway UZB Uzbekistan NED Netherlands PAK Pakistan POL Poland PLE Palestine POR Portugal PHI Philippines ROM Romania QAT Qatar RUS Russian Federation PRK Democratic People’s SMR San Marino Republic of Korea SCG Serbia and Montenegro SIN Singapore SVK Slovakia SRI Sri Lanka SLO Slovenia SYR Syrian Arab Republic SWE Sweden TJK Tajikistan SUI Switzerland TPE Chinese Taipei CZE Czech Republic TLS Timor-Leste TUR Turkey THA Thailand UKR Ukraine TKM Turkmenistan VIE Vietnam Oceania (15 NOCs) YEM Yemen AUS Australia COK Cook Islands FIJ Fiji Europe (48 NOCs) GUM Guam ALB Albania FSM Federated States of Micronesia GER Germany KIR Kiribati AND Andorra NRU Nauru ARM Armenia NZL New Zealand AUT Austria PLW Palau AZE Azerbaijan PNG Papua New Guinea BLR Belarus SOL Solomon Islands BEL Belgium SAM Samoa BIH Bosnia and Herzegovina ASA American Samoa BUL Bulgaria TGA Tonga CYP Cyprus VAN Vanuatu CRO Croatia DEN Denmark ESP Spain 202 National Olympic Committees EST Estonia are recognised by the IOC 100

For further information:

Olympic Solidarity Villa Mon-Repos Parc Mon-Repos 1 C.P. 1374 CH-1005 Lausanne (Switzerland) Tel. +41 (0)21 310 26 00 Fax +41 (0)21 310 26 99 [email protected] www.olympic.org

Published by Olympic Solidarity Picture credits: Graphic ideas and production: Cover AP Communication Mizuki Noguchi of Japan, at the Alexandre Piccand, in cooperation with Panathinaiko Stadium, celebrates at the Robert Battard and Anne Antonini end of the race, after winning the gold CH-1004 Lausanne medal in women’s marathon at the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad in Athens Photolithography and printing: © Getty Images/Scott Barbour Courvoisier-Attinger Arts graphiques SA Back cover CH-2501 Bienne Atlanta 1996, Carl Lewis (USA) © Allsport/Powell

Illustrations: Olympic Solidarity, Printed in Switzerland Olympic Museum Photo Library ISBN: 92-9149 100 4

2004 Report Olympic Solidarity