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Algeria Joint Submission to the UN Universal Periodic Review 27Th Session of the UPR Working Group
Algeria Joint Submission to the UN Universal Periodic Review 27th Session of the UPR Working Group Submitted 22 September 2016 Submission by CIVICUS: World Alliance for Citizen Participation, NGO in General Consultative Status with ECOSOC And Ibn Khaldoun Center for Research and Maghrebi Studies (IKCRMS) CIVICUS: World Alliance for Citizen Ibn Khaldoun Center for Research and Participation Maghrebi Studies CIVICUS UPR Lead, Email: UPR Lead Ammar Djeffal [email protected] Email: [email protected] Ms Renate Bloem, Email: [email protected] Tel: +213 (0)662826248 Fax: +213 (0)23817103 Tel: +41 22 733 3435 Web: www.civicus.org 1. (A) Introduction 1.1 CIVICUS is a global alliance of civil society organisations and activists dedicated to strengthening citizen action and civil society around the world. Founded in 1993, we proudly promote marginalised voices, especially from the Global South, and have members in more than 160 countries throughout the world. 1.2 Ibn Khaldoun Center for Research and Maghrebi Studies (IKCRMS) is a Research Institute dedicated to the documentation and research in the key issues of democratic transition in Algeria, Tunisia and Morocco, economic and social rights and public freedoms processes. 1.3 In this document, CIVICUS and IKCRMS examine the Government of Algeria’s compliance with its international human rights obligations to create and maintain a safe and enabling environment for civil society. Specifically, we analyse Algeria’s fulfilment of the rights to freedom of association, assembly, and expression and unwarranted restrictions on human rights defenders (HRDs) since its previous UPR examination in May 2012. To this end, we assess Algeria’s implementation of recommendations received during the 2nd UPR cycle relating to these issues and provide a number of specific, action-orientated follow-up recommendations. -
Joint Letter to the Human Rights Council Calling for States' Action To
www.amnesty.org AMNESTY INTERNATIONAL PUBLIC STATEMENT DATE 17 June 2021 INDEX MDE 28/4303/2021 JOINT LETTER TO THE HUMAN RIGHTS COUNCIL CALLING FOR STATES’ ACTION TO ADDRESS THE ALGERIAN AUTHORITIES’ ALARMING CRACKDOWN ON PRO-DEMOCRACY FORCES 82 civil society organisations call on states to take action to address the Algerian authorities' alarming crackdown on pro- democracy forces during HRC 47 The unrelenting criminalisation of fundamental freedoms warrants an urgent response Dear representatives, We, the undersigned Algerian, regional and international non-governmental organisations, urge your government, individually and jointly with other states, to address the alarming crackdown on peaceful Algerian protesters, journalists, civil society members and organisations, human rights defenders and trade unionists during the 47th United Nations Human Rights Council (HRC) session. Repression has increased drastically and a more assertive public position from states is crucial to protecting Algerians peacefully exercising their rights to freedom of expression, association and assembly. We urge you, in relevant agenda items such as in the interactive dialogue with the High Commissioner under Item 2 or in the Interactive Debates with the Special Rapporteurs on freedom of expression and freedom of association and peaceful assembly under Item 3, to: ● Condemn the escalating crackdown on peaceful protesters, journalists and human rights defenders, including the excessive use of force, the forced dispersal and intimidation of protesters and the -
Freedom to Write Index 2019
FREEDOM TO WRITE INDEX 2019 Freedom to Write Index 2019 1 INTRODUCTION mid global retrenchment on human rights In 2019, countries in the Asia-Pacific region impris- Aand fundamental freedoms—deepening oned or detained 100 writers, or 42 percent of the authoritarianism in Russia, China, and much of the total number captured in the Index, while countries Middle East; democratic retreat in parts of Eastern in the Middle East and North Africa imprisoned or Europe, Latin America, and Asia; and new threats detained 73 writers, or 31 percent. Together these in established democracies in North America and two regions accounted for almost three-quarters Western Europe—the brave individuals who speak (73 percent) of the cases in the 2019 Index. Europe out, challenge tyranny, and make the intellectual and Central Asia was the third highest region, with case for freedom are on the front line of the battle 41 imprisoned/detained writers, or 17 percent of to keep societies open, defend the truth, and resist the 2019 Index; Turkey alone accounted for 30 of repression. Writers and intellectuals are often those cases. By contrast, incarceration of writers is among the canaries in the coal mine who, alongside relatively less prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa, with journalists and human rights activists, are first 20 writers, or roughly eight percent of the count, and targeted when a country takes a more authoritarian the Americas, with four writers, just under two percent turn. The unjust detention and imprisonment of the count. The vast majority of imprisoned writers, of writers and intellectuals impacts both the intellectuals, and public commentators are men, but individuals themselves and the broader public, who women comprised 16 percent of all cases counted in are deprived of innovative and influential voices the 2019 Index. -
Schematizing Plum Blossoms
Schematizing Plum Blossoms: Understanding Printed Images in Thirteenth-Century China By Mengge Cao B.A., McGill University, 2014 A Thesis Submitted to Department of the Art History and Communication Studies of McGill University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of Master of Arts Department of Art History and Communication Studies McGill University Montreal, Quebec December 2016 © Mengge Cao 2016 ABSTRACT This thesis examines the significance of the printed images in the Register of Plum Blossom Portraits (Meihua xishen pu, d. 1238), the earliest extant book illustrating plum blossoms. In particular, it focuses primarily on the visual analogs in the Register, which consists of one hundred titled picture-poem sequences. Approaching the Register through the method of “period eye,” this thesis emphasizes on two factors that shaped the author’s compositional strategy: the potentiality of the print medium and the influence of the Learning of the Way (daoxue) conceptual framework. Section 1 offers factual information concerning the production and reception of the Register. Section 2 reveals the connection between the printed plum blossoms and their counterparts in the Song dynasty (960–1279) illustrated books. Section 3 investigates the conceptual foundation of the visual analogs in the Learning of the Way framework. ii RESUME Cette thèse examine l’impact historique des images imprimées dans la Chine du treizième siècle à travers l’étude du Registre des portraits de fleurs de prunier (Meihua xishen pu, d. 1238), le livre le plus ancien illustrant des fleurs de prunier. Elle concerne plus particulièrement les séquences de poèmes-images présents dans le Registre en tant qu’analog mot-image documenté par la circulation des livres ayant permis une nouvelle approche pour traiter les données visuelles. -
Judicial System in India During Mughal Period with Special Reference to Persian Sources
Judicial System in India during Mughal Period with Special Reference to Persian Sources (Nezam-e-dadgahi-e-Hend der ahd-e-Gorkanian bewizha-e manabe-e farsi) For the Award ofthe Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Submitted by Md. Sadique Hussain Under the Supervision of Dr. Akhlaque Ahmad Ansari Center Qf Persian and Central Asian Studies, School of Language, Literature and Culture Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi -110067. 2009 Center of Persian and Central Asian Studies, School of Language, Literature and Culture Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi -110067. Declaration Dated: 24th August, 2009 I declare that the work done in this thesis entitled "Judicial System in India during Mughal Period with special reference to Persian sources", for the award of degree of Doctor of Philosophy, submitted by me is an original research work and has not been previously submitted for any other university\Institution. Md.Sadique Hussain (Name of the Scholar) Dr.Akhlaque Ahmad Ansari (Supervisor) ~1 C"" ~... ". ~- : u- ...... ~· c "" ~·~·.:. Profess/~ar Mahdi 4 r:< ... ~::.. •• ~ ~ ~ :·f3{"~ (Chairperson) L~.·.~ . '" · \..:'lL•::;r,;:l'/ [' ft. ~ :;r ':1 ' . ; • " - .-.J / ~ ·. ; • : f • • ~-: I .:~ • ,. '· Attributed To My Parents INDEX Acknowledgment Introduction 1-7 Chapter-I 8-60 Chapter-2 61-88 Chapter-3 89-131 Chapter-4 132-157 Chapter-S 158-167 Chapter-6 168-267 Chapter-? 268-284 Chapter-& 285-287 Chapter-9 288-304 Chapter-10 305-308 Conclusion 309-314 Bibliography 315-320 Appendix 321-332 Acknowledgement At first I would like to praise God Almighty for making the tough situations and conditions easy and favorable to me and thus enabling me to write and complete my Ph.D Thesis work. -
Annual Report
2018 Annual Report Alkarama Foundation Alkarama Annual Report 2018 Contents Foreword ................................................................................................................................................. 2 Algeria ..................................................................................................................................................... 4 Bahrain .................................................................................................................................................... 8 Djibouti .................................................................................................................................................. 11 Egypt ..................................................................................................................................................... 14 Iraq ........................................................................................................................................................ 19 Jordan .................................................................................................................................................... 23 Kuwait ................................................................................................................................................... 26 Lebanon................................................................................................................................................. 29 Libya ..................................................................................................................................................... -
Zen As a Creative Agency: Picturing Landscape in China and Japan from the Twelfth to Sixteenth Centuries
Zen as a Creative Agency: Picturing Landscape in China and Japan from the Twelfth to Sixteenth Centuries by Meng Ying Fan A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Department of East Asian Studies University of Toronto © Copyright by Meng Ying Fan 2020 Zen as a Creative Agency: Picturing Landscape in China and Japan from the Twelfth to Sixteenth Centuries Meng Ying Fan Master of Arts Department of East Asia Studies University of Toronto 2020 Abstract This essay explores the impact of Chan/Zen on the art of landscape painting in China and Japan via literary/visual materials from the twelfth to sixteenth centuries. By rethinking the aesthetic significance of “Zen painting” beyond the art and literary genres, this essay investigates how the Chan/Zen culture transformed the aesthetic attitudes and technical manifestations of picturing the landscapes, which are related to the philosophical thinking in mind. Furthermore, this essay emphasizes the problems of the “pattern” in Muromachi landscape painting to criticize the arguments made by D.T. Suzuki and his colleagues in the field of Zen and Japanese art culture. Finally, this essay studies the cultural interaction of Zen painting between China and Japan, taking the traveling landscape images of Eight Views of Xiaoxiang by Muqi and Yujian from China to Japan as a case. By comparing the different opinions about the artists in the two regions, this essay decodes the universality and localizations of the images of Chan/Zen. ii Acknowledgements I would like to express my deepest gratefulness to Professor Johanna Liu, my supervisor and mentor, whose expertise in Chinese aesthetics and art theories has led me to pursue my MA in East Asian studies. -
Social Belonging and Endurance in Late Liberalism
Economies of Abandonment Algerian War, ’��-’�� Socialism w/ Chinese Characteristics, ’�� Bretton Woods, ’��; Marshall Plan, ’��; Gold Standard Collapse, ’�� Opec Embargo, ’�� Asian Financial Nonaligned Crisis, ’�� US Withdraws Movement, ’�� Berlin Wall from Vietnam, ’�� Falls, ’�� ���� ���� ���� ���� ���� � Tasmanian Greens ’��; British Greens ’��; French & German Greens, ’��; Israel, ��; Suez, �� ’ ’ Zapistista ’��; Landless Peoples Movement, ’�� March on Washington, ’��; Stonewall Riots, ’��; Wounded Knee, ’�� Keynesian Economics Neo-Liberalism White Man’s Burden Cultural Recognition Civilizational Securi Housing Prices in Darwin, �� Wages & Prices Accord, ’��; Workplace Relations Act, ’��; ���k, ’��; ����k, ’��; ����k, ’��; Maritime Union Strike, ’�� ����k, ’�� ���� ���� ���� ���� ���� � Constitution Alteration (Aboriginal People), ’�� Aboriginal Land Rights (��) Act, ’�� High Court, Mabo v Queensland, ’�� Native Title Act, ’�� High Court, Wik: Pastoral Leases trump Native Title, ��� land affected, ’�� Liberal Gov’t cuts ���� million from Indigenous programs, ’�� EconomiesofAbandonment Social Belonging and Endurance in Late Liberalism Al-Qaeda Attacks US, ’�� Financial Markets Collapse, ’�� Elizabeth A.Povinelli ��� ���� ���� Keynesian Economics Neo-Liberalism Anarcho Liberalism s Burden Cultural Recognition Civilizational Securitization Australian �: ��c, ’��; ��c, ’��; ��c, ’��; ��c, ’�� ��� ���� ���� Liberal Gov’t abolishes Aboriginal & Torres Islanders Commission, ’�� Duke University Press Liberal Gov’t declares Emergency Intervention -
2002 1983 813 11 3B 812 18A 812 2 18B 1992 222-230
2002 9 1 42 1 ?- 962 2 1 903-965 3 4 5 1 2002 2 1983 813 11 3b 3 812 18a 4 812 2 18b 5 1992 222-230 6 6 20 2002 3 175-222 67 1992 5 43-65 1015- 1080 919-967 7 8 9 1082-1135 10 11 1037-1101 12 1078 13 7 813 18b 8 3 5b 9 814 4a 10 12 2b-3a 11 2001 689-717 12 1987 17 900-901 13 1170 2 1170 14 15 16 1962 3 89 826 5 45b 14 15 16 812 5a 1074- 1151 17 1051-1107 1075-1080 18 1555-1636 19 20 21 3 17 1086-1165 1980 25-27 18 31 1982 6 241-242 19 828 43 66a-b 20 1994 1 52-55 32 Peter Charles Sturman, Mi Youren and the Inherited Literati Tradition: Dimensions of Ink-play Ph. D. dissertation (Yale University, 1989), pp. 470-477 21 871 2 3b-4a 867 4 12a 22 4 1090 23 1107 1138 24 1135 25 ? 1136 26 1141 1136 1141 27 5 28 6 22 1996 313 818 28 5a-6a 23 32 1982 10 214-216 1084 1085 243 1999 46-54 24 1999 180 25 1970 13 2626 26 1997 470 27 Peter Charles Sturman 9 4 1992 89-126 1137 Mi Youren and the Inherited Literati Tradition: Dimensions of Ink-play, pp. 303-337,463-467 28 1997 165-166 7 1141 29 1135 ` 1135 1117-1184 1123-1202 1127-1194 1427-1509 1137-1181 1130-1200 1179 1181 300 8 30 31 29 815 11 34b-40a 30 1994 2 76-80 31 1142 1151 Sturman, Mi Youren and the Inherited Literati Tradition: Dimensions of Ink-play , pp. -
Prophet MUHAMMAD AKA Allah – (THE ANTI GOD of the MUSLIMS) an ANIMAL PAR EXCELLENCE
pROPHET MUHAMMAD AKA Allah – (THE ANTI GOD OF THE MUSLIMS) AN ANIMAL PAR EXCELLENCE MASSACRE OF BANU QURAYZA WHERE THE ANIMAL MUHAMMAD AKA ALLAH BEHEADED 600/ 900 JEWISH MEN AND ENSLAVED THE WOMEN AND CHILDREN TO BE SOLD AS BOOTY. 0 pROPHET MUHAMMAD AKA Allah – (THE ANTI GOD OF THE MUSLIMS) A BARBARIC ANIMAL PAR EXCELLENCE A MONSTER OF HISTORY #METOO BABY AISHA AND HUNDREDS OF MILLIONS OF WOMEN RAPED, ENSLAVED, MURDERED WHAT KIND OF GARBAGE CAN COUNTRY HAVE WE DESCENDED INTO THE BARBARIC ANIMALISM OF MUHAMMAD THE DESTRUCTION OF MUHAMMAD IS THE DESTRUCTION OF ISLAM The Destruction of Islam With Just One Immoral Quranic Word, Hadith or Teaching of Sharia Law We state unequivocally this fundamental truth: ONLY A GOD OF MORAL PERFECTION IS GOD IF GOD KILLED OR ORDERED THE KILLING OF ANY CREATURE THROUGHOUT THE UNIVERSE THEN GOD WOULD NO LONGER BE MORAL PERFECTION AND THEREFORE NO LONGER GOD. GOD WOULD NOT EXIST. HE WOULD BE NOTHING BUT A BARBARIC ANIMAL. What kind of animals have we become? I had 2 uncles who fought in World War 2. One uncle shot down 16 German pilots and when General Rommel was retreating across North Africa he would fly low over the sand dunes and looking the frightened German soldiers in the eye mow them down as they tried to escape from their troop carrier trucks. He never got over those images from his mind. My other uncle got caught up in the siege of Caen. The Germans sent the Hitler youth into battle -14 year old children with guns. -
Over 150 Ngos Appeal for Death Sentences of Four Yemeni Journalists to Be Overturned
Over 150 NGOs Appeal for Death Sentences of Four Yemeni Journalists to be Overturned Organisations which support human rights, press freedom and journalists are calling on United Nations mechanisms and member states to help save the lives of four Yemeni journalists who were sentenced to death in April 2020 in the capital Sana’a on charges of “spying” and “spreading false news.” Of the six other journalists in the same case whom the judge ordered to be freed, after five years in detention, only one has been released so far. The de facto authorities in Sana’a, the Houthis, must immediately overturn the death sentences and free the other nine journalists who have been convicted in violation of their right to freedom of expression. We recently celebrated World Press Freedom Day on 3 May 2020. Journalism, especially independent and critical journalism, is vital to promote transparency accountability, good governance and respect for human rights and the rule of law. Journalists are in no way actors in the conflict in Yemen and cannot be targeted under any circumstances. The four journalists, Abdulkhaleq Ahmed Amran, Akram Saleh Al-Walidi, Al-Hareth Saleh Hamid and Tawfiq Mohammed Al-Mansouri were convicted on 11 April 2020 by the Specialised Criminal Court in Sana’a, which is controlled by the Houthis. Their lawyer Abdelmajeed Sabra, who was denied access to the verdict hearing, began the appeals process on 22 April 2020. The judge sentenced the other six journalists, Hisham Ahmed Tarmoom, Hisham Abdulmalik Al- Yousefi, Haitham Abdulrahman Al-Shihab, Essam Amin Balgheeth, Hassan Abdullah Annab and Salah Muhammad Al-Qaedi, to time already served in prison, or approximately five years, and also placed them under police supervision for a period of another three years. -
January 2020
Country Policy and Information Note Algeria: Internal relocation and background information Version 1.0 September 2020 Preface Purpose This note provides a summary of and links to country of origin information (COI) for use by Home Office decision makers handling particular types of protection and human rights claims. It is not intended to be an exhaustive survey of a particular subject or theme. It is split into two main sections: (1) general background to the country concerned, including demography and geography; and (2) issues which may be relevant to protection claims. Unlike country policy and information notes, it does not contain an assessment of risk, availability of protection or reasonableness of internal relocation. Decision makers must, however, still consider all claims on an individual basis, taking into account each case’s specific facts. Country of origin information The country information in this note has been carefully selected in accordance with the general principles of COI research as set out in the Common EU [European Union] Guidelines for Processing Country of Origin Information (COI), dated April 2008, and the Austrian Centre for Country of Origin and Asylum Research and Documentation’s (ACCORD), Researching Country Origin Information – Training Manual, 2013. Namely, taking into account the COI’s relevance, reliability, accuracy, balance, currency, transparency and traceability. The structure and content of the country information section follows a terms of reference which sets out the general and specific topics relevant to this note. All information included in the note was published or made publicly available on or before the ‘cut-off’ date in the country information section.