JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY

Volume 80 March 2006 No. 6

SPOTLIGHT

Articles of Significant Interest Selected from This Issue by 2587–2588 the Editors

STRUCTURE AND ASSEMBLY

Crystal Structure of the Oligomerization Domain of the Haitao Ding, Todd J. Green, 2808–2814 Phosphoprotein of Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Shanyun Lu, and Ming Luo Subcellular Localization of Hepatitis C Virus Structural Yves Rouille´, Franc¸ois Helle, David 2832–2841 Proteins in a Cell Culture System That Efficiently Replicates Delgrange, Philippe Roingeard, the Virus Ce´cile Voisset, Emmanuelle Blanchard, Sandrine Belouzard, Jane McKeating, Arvind H. Patel, Geert Maertens, Takaji Wakita, Czeslaw Wychowski, and Jean Dubuisson A Small Loop in the Capsid Protein of Moloney Murine Marcy R. Auerbach, Kristy R. 2884–2893 Leukemia Virus Controls Assembly of Spherical Cores Brown, Artem Kaplan, Denise de Las Nueces, and Ila R. Singh Identification of the Nucleocapsid, Tegument, and Envelope Jyh-Ming Tsai, Han-Ching Wang, 3021–3029 Proteins of the Shrimp White Spot Syndrome Virus Virion Jiann-Horng Leu, Andrew H.-J. Wang, Ying Zhuang, Peter J. Walker, Guang-Hsiung Kou, and Chu-Fang Lo

GENOME REPLICATION AND REGULATION OF VIRAL GENE EXPRESSION

Epitope Mapping of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 gH/gL Tina M. Cairns, Marie S. Shaner, Yi 2596–2608 Defines Distinct Antigenic Sites, Including Some Associated Zuo, Manuel Ponce-de-Leon, with Biological Function Isabelle Baribaud, Roselyn J. Eisenberg, Gary H. Cohen, and J. Charles Whitbeck The ␣-TIF (VP16) Homologue (ETIF) of Equine Jens von Einem, Daniel 2609–2620 Herpesvirus 1 Is Essential for Secondary Envelopment Schumacher, Dennis J. O’Callaghan, and Virus Egress and Nikolaus Osterrieder Suppression of Viral RNA Recombination by a Host Chi-Ping Cheng, Elena Serviene, 2631–2640 Exoribonuclease and Peter D. Nagy Interactions among Four Proteins Encoded by the Human Mi-Young Park, Young-Eui Kim, 2718–2727 Cytomegalovirus UL112-113 Region Regulate Their Myong-Rang Seo, Jae-Rin Lee, Intranuclear Targeting and the Recruitment of UL44 to Chan Hee Lee, and Jin-Hyun Ahn Prereplication Foci Recruitment of the Adaptor Protein 2 Complex by the Beth Noble, Paolo Abada, Juan 2924–2932 Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2 Envelope Protein Is Nunez-Iglesias, and Paula M. Necessary for High Levels of Virus Release Cannon Rescue of Infectious Rift Valley Fever Virus Entirely from Tetsuro Ikegami, Sungyong Won, 2933–2940 cDNA, Analysis of Virus Lacking the NSs Gene, and C. J. Peters, and Shinji Makino Expression of a Foreign Gene Exploring the DNA Binding Interactions of the Kaposi’s Joseph Ziegelbauer, Adam 2958–2967 Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Lytic Switch Protein by Grundhoff, and Don Ganem Selective Amplification of Bound Sequences In Vitro

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Dengue Virus Utilizes a Novel Strategy for Translation Dianna Edgil, Charlotta Polacek, 2976–2986 Initiation When Cap-Dependent Translation Is Inhibited and Eva Harris Identification and Characterization of the Orf49 Protein of Carlos M. Gonza´lez, Emily L. 3062–3070 Kaposi’s Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Wong, Brian S. Bowser, Gregory K. Hong, Shannon Kenney, and Blossom Damania Sequential CD134-CXCR4 Interactions in Feline Aymeric de Parseval, Chris K. 3088–3091 Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV): Soluble CD134 Activates FIV Grant, K. Jagannadha Sastry, and Env for CXCR4-Dependent Entry and Reveals a Cryptic John H. Elder Neutralization Epitope Identification of Mutations Causing Temperature-Sensitive Valeria Lulla, Andres Merits, Peter 3108–3111 Defects in Semliki Forest Virus RNA Synthesis Sarin, Leevi Ka¨a¨ria¨inen, Sirkka Kera¨nen, and Tero Ahola Mutational Analysis of the Varicella-Zoster Virus ORF62/63 Jeremy O. Jones, Marvin Sommer, 3116–3121 Intergenic Region Shaye Stamatis, and Ann M. Arvin

GENETIC DIVERSITY AND EVOLUTION

Feline Lentivirus Evolution in Cross-Species Infection Mary Poss, Howard A. Ross, Sally 2728–2737 Reveals Extensive G-to-A Mutation and Selection on Key L. Painter, David C. Holley, Julie Residues in the Viral Polymerase A. Terwee, Sue VandeWoude, and Allen Rodrigo A Single Codon in the Nucleocapsid Protein C Terminus Thomas Carsillo, Xinsheng Zhang, 2904–2912 Contributes to In Vitro and In Vivo Fitness of Edmonston Daphne Vasconcelos, Stefan Measles Virus Niewiesk, and Michael Oglesbee Identification and Characterization of an Exogenous Thomas A. Paul, Sandra L. 2941–2948 Retrovirus from Atlantic Salmon Swim Bladder Sarcomas Quackenbush, Claudia Sutton, Rufina N. Casey, Paul R. Bowser, and James W. Casey

VIRUS-CELL INTERACTIONS

Annexin 2: a Novel Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Elena V. Ryzhova, Robin M. Vos, 2694–2704 Gag Binding Protein Involved in Replication in Monocyte- Andrew V. Albright, Alexia V. Derived Macrophages Harrist, Thomas Harvey, and Francisco Gonza´lez-Scarano Nucleocytoplasmic Traffic Disorder Induced by Peter V. Lidsky, Stanleyson Hato, 2705–2717 Cardioviruses Maryana V. Bardina, Alexei G. Aminev, Ann C. Palmenberg, Eugene V. Sheval, Vladimir Y. Polyakov, Frank J. M. van Kuppeveld, and Vadim I. Agol ␤1 Integrin Mediates Internalization of Mammalian Melissa S. Maginnis, J. Craig 2760–2770 Reovirus Forrest, Sarah A. Kopecky- Bromberg, S. Kent Dickeson, Samuel A. Santoro, Mary M. Zutter, Glen R. Nemerow, Jeffrey M. Bergelson, and Terence S. Dermody Detection of Cell-Cell Fusion Mediated by Ebola Virus Se´verine Ba¨r, Ayato Takada, 2815–2822 Glycoproteins Yoshihiro Kawaoka, and Marc Alizon The Rotavirus Enterotoxin NSP4 Directly Interacts with the Rebecca D. Parr, Stephen M. 2842–2854 Caveolar Structural Protein Caveolin-1 Storey, DeAnne M. Mitchell, Avery L. McIntosh, Minglong Zhou, Kiran D. Mir, and Judith M. Ball Cyclophilin A and TRIM5␣ Independently Regulate Human Elena Sokolskaja, Lionel Berthoux, 2855–2862 Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infectivity in Human Cells and Jeremy Luban

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Inhibition of Receptor Binding Stabilizes Newcastle Disease L. W. McGinnes and T. G. 2894–2903 Virus HN and F Protein-Containing Complexes Morrison Infection of Dendritic Cells (DCs), Not DC-SIGN-Mediated Laura Burleigh, Pierre-Yves Lozach, 2949–2957 Internalization of Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Is Ce´cile Schiffer, Isabelle Staropoli, Required for Long-Term Transfer of Virus to T Cells Vale´rie Pezo, Franc¸oise Porrot, Bruno Canque, Jean-Louis Virelizier, Fernando Arenzana- Seisdedos, and Ali Amara Biological Relevance of a Stable Biochemical Interaction Rustem Omarov, Kim Sparks, 3000–3008 between the Tombusvirus-Encoded P19 and Short Lindsay Smith, Jelena Zindovic, and Interfering RNAs Herman B. Scholthof Interaction of the Adenovirus Type 5 E4 Orf3 Protein with Anne Hoppe, Stephanie J. Beech, 3042–3049 Promyelocytic Leukemia Protein Isoform II Is Required for John Dimmock, and Keith N. ND10 Disruption Leppard Analysis of the pH Requirement for Membrane Fusion of Mei Lin Z. Bissonnette, Sarah A. 3071–3077 Different Isolates of the Paramyxovirus Parainfluenza Connolly, Daniel F. Young, Richard Virus 5 E. Randall, Reay G. Paterson, and Robert A. Lamb Inhibition of Interferon Signaling by the Kaposi’s Sarcoma- Suzanne Fuld, Charles Cunningham, 3092–3097 Associated Herpesvirus Full-Length Viral Interferon Kevin Klucher, Andrew J. Davison, Regulatory Factor 2 Protein and David J. Blackbourn Rhesus Rhadinovirus R15 Encodes a Functional Homologue Carly L. Langlais, John M. Jones, 3098–3103 of Human CD200 Ryan D. Estep, and Scott W. Wong In Vitro Characterization of a Koala Retrovirus Nidia M. Oliveira, Karen B. Farrell, 3104–3107 and Maribeth V. Eiden Differential Requirement for Conserved Tryptophans in Chunjuan Tian, Xianghui Yu, Wei 3112–3115 Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Vif for the Selective Zhang, Tao Wang, Rongzhen Xu, Suppression of APOBEC3G and APOBEC3F and Xiao-Fang Yu

CELLULAR RESPONSE TO INFECTION

West Nile Virus Evades Activation of Interferon Regulatory Brenda L. Fredericksen and Michael 2913–2923 Factor 3 through RIG-I-Dependent and -Independent Gale, Jr. Pathways without Antagonizing Host Defense Signaling Global Suppression of the Host Antiviral Response by John C. Kash, Elke Mu¨hlberger, 3009–3020 Ebola- and Marburgviruses: Increased Antagonism of the Victoria Carter, Melanie Grosch, Type I Interferon Response Is Associated with Enhanced Olivia Perwitasari, Sean C. Proll, Virulence Matthew J. Thomas, Friedemann Weber, Hans-Dieter Klenk, and Michael G. Katze

GENE DELIVERY

Improved Gene Delivery to Intestinal Mucosa by Adenoviral S. Lecollinet, F. Gavard, M. J. E. 2747–2759 Vectors Bearing Subgroup B and D Fibers Havenga, O. B. Spiller, A. Lemckert, J. Goudsmit, M. Eloit, and J. Richardson Inhibition of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Scott R. Eberhardy, Joao 2873–2883 Replication with Artificial Transcription Factors Targeting Goncalves, Sofia Coelho, David J. the Highly Conserved Primer-Binding Site Segal, Ben Berkhout, and Carlos F. Barbas III

VACCINES AND ANTIVIRAL AGENTS

Intranasal Vaccination with Recombinant Adeno-Associated Dirk Kuck, Tobias Lau, Barbara 2621–2630 Virus Type 5 against Human Papillomavirus Type 16 L1 Leuchs, Andrea Kern, Martin Mu¨ller, Lutz Gissmann, and Ju¨rgen A. Kleinschmidt

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Antigenic Evolution of Vaccine-Derived Polioviruses: Maria L. Yakovenko, Elena A. 2641–2653 Changes in Individual Epitopes and Relative Stability Cherkasova, Gennady V. Rezapkin, of the Overall Immunological Properties Olga E. Ivanova, Alexander P. Ivanov, Tatyana P. Eremeeva, Olga Y. Baykova, Konstantin M. Chumakov, and Vadim I. Agol Preclinical Evaluation of Two Neutralizing Human Rachel Eren, Dorit Landstein, Dov 2654–2664 Monoclonal Antibodies against Hepatitis C Virus (HCV): Terkieltaub, Ofer Nussbaum, Arie a Potential Treatment To Prevent HCV Reinfection in Zauberman, Judith Ben-Porath, Liver Transplant Patients Judith Gopher, Rachel Buchnick, Riva Kovjazin, Ziva Rosenthal- Galili, Sigal Aviel, Ehud Ilan, Yariv Shoshany, Lewis Neville, Tal Waisman, Ofer Ben-Moshe, Alberto Kischitsky, Steven K. H. Foung, Zhen-Yong Keck, Orit Pappo, Ahmed Eid, Oded Jurim, Gidi Zamir, Eithan Galun, and Shlomo Dagan Development of a cAdVax-Based Bivalent Ebola Virus Danher Wang, Nicholas U. Raja, 2738–2746 Vaccine That Induces Immune Responses against both Charles M. Trubey, Laure Y. the Sudan and Zaire Species of Ebola Virus Juompan, Min Luo, Jan Woraratanadharm, Stephen B. Deitz, Hong Yu, Benjamin M. Swain, Kevin M. Moore, William D. Pratt, Mary Kate Hart, and John Y. Dong

PATHOGENESIS AND IMMUNITY

Age-Dependent Poliovirus Replication in the Mouse Central Steven Kauder, Sherry Kan, and 2589–2595 Nervous System Is Determined by Internal Ribosome Entry Vincent R. Racaniello Site-Mediated Translation Naı¨ve T-Cell Dynamics in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Michele Di Mascio, Irini Sereti, 2665–2674 Type 1 Infection: Effects of Highly Active Antiretroviral Lynn T. Matthews, Ven Natarajan, Therapy Provide Insights into the Mechanisms of Naı¨ve Joseph Adelsberger, Richard T-Cell Depletion Lempicki, Christian Yoder, Elizabeth Jones, Catherine Chow, Julia A. Metcalf, Igor A. Sidorov, Dimiter S. Dimitrov, Michael A. Polis, and Joseph A. Kovacs Inhibition of Interferon Signaling by Rabies Virus Krzysztof Brzo´zka, Stefan Finke, 2675–2683 Phosphoprotein P: Activation-Dependent Binding of STAT1 and Karl-Klaus Conzelmann and STAT2 Modeling the Early Events of Severe Acute Respiratory Yu-Ting Yen, Fang Liao, Cheng- 2684–2693 Syndrome Coronavirus Infection In Vitro Hsiang Hsiao, Chuan-Liang Kao, Yee-Chun Chen, and Betty A. Wu- Hsieh Th-1-Type Cytotoxic CD8؉ T-Lymphocyte Responses to Zichun Wang, Benjamin Metcalf, 2771–2783 Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV) Are a Consistent Ruy M. Ribeiro, Harold McClure, Feature of Natural SIV Infection in Sooty Mangabeys and Amitinder Kaur Replication and Clearance of Venezuelan Equine Slobodan Paessler, Haolin Ni, Olga 2784–2796 Encephalitis Virus from the Brains of Animals Vaccinated Petrakova, Rafik Z. Fayzulin, with Chimeric SIN/VEE Viruses Nadezhda Yun, Michael Anishchenko, Scott C. Weaver, and Ilya Frolov Immune Suppression Uncovers Endogenous Cytopathic Philip Meuleman, Louis Libbrecht, 2797–2807 Effects of the Hepatitis B Virus Stefan Wieland, Rita De Vos, Nagy Habib, Anna Kramvis, Tania Roskams, and Geert Leroux-Roels

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Hematogenous Vertical Transmission of Herpes Simplex Javier S. Burgos, Carlos Ramirez, 2823–2831 Virus Type 1 in Mice Fernando Guzman-Sanchez, Juan M. Alfaro, Isabel Sastre, and Fernando Valdivieso Innate Immune Responses to Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 David M. Koelle, Jay Huang, 2863–2872 Influence Skin Homing Molecule Expression by Memory Michael T. Hensel, and Christopher CD4؉ Lymphocytes L. McClurkan Coexistence of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen (HBs Ag) and Olivier Lada, Yves Benhamou, 2968–2975 Anti-HBs Antibodies in Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Carriers: Thierry Poynard, and Vincent Influence of ‘‘a’’ Determinant Variants Thibault RNase L Plays a Role in the Antiviral Response to West Svetlana V. Scherbik, Jayashree M. 2987–2999 Nile Virus Paranjape, Bronislava M. Stockman, Robert H. Silverman, and Margo A. Brinton Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Engrafted with Human Eloisa Yuste, Hannah B. Sanford, 3030–3041 Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1)-Specific Epitopes: Jill Carmody, Jacqueline Bixby, Replication, Neutralization, and Survey of HIV-1-Positive Susan Little, Michael B. Zwick, Plasma Tom Greenough, Dennis R. Burton, Douglas D. Richman, Ronald C. Desrosiers, and Welkin E. Johnson A Hydrophobic Binding Surface on the Human Kristin Agopian, Bangdong L. Wei, 3050–3061 Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Nef Core Is Critical for J. Victor Garcia, and Dana Association with p21-Activated Kinase 2 Gabuzda Reovirus Delays Diabetes Onset but Does Not Prevent J. Denise Wetzel, Erik S. Barton, 3078–3082 Insulitis in Nonobese Diabetic Mice James D. Chappell, Geoffrey S. Baer, Michelle Mochow-Grundy, Steven E. Rodgers, Yu Shyr, Alvin C. Powers, James W. Thomas, and Terence S. Dermody Perforin Expression in the Gastrointestinal Mucosa Is Ma´ire F. Quigley, Kristina Abel, 3083–3087 Limited to Acute Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Bartek Zuber, Christopher J. Miller, Johan K. Sandberg, and Barbara L. Shacklett Relative Dominance of Gag p24-Specific Cytotoxic T Rosario Zun˜iga, Aldo Lucchetti, 3122–3125 Lymphocytes Is Associated with Human Immunodeficiency Patricia Galvan, Shyla Sanchez, Virus Control Carmen Sanchez, Ana Hernandez, Hugo Sanchez, Nicole Frahm, Caitlyn H. Linde, Hannah S. Hewitt, William Hildebrand, Marcus Altfeld, Todd M. Allen, Bruce D. Walker, Bette T. Korber, Thomas Leitner, Jorge Sanchez, and Christian Brander

ERRATUM

Vaccinia Virus Tropism for Primary Hematolymphoid Cells Ann Chahroudi, Rahul Chavan, 3126 Is Determined by Restricted Expression of a Unique Virus Natalia Kozyr, Edmund K. Waller, Receptor Guido Silvestri, and Mark B. Feinberg

Cover photograph (Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.): Internalization of mammalian reovirus into ␤1 integrin-deficient mouse embryonic stem cells. Cells were adsorbed with reovirus at 4°C and then warmed to 37°C to allow virus internalization. Cells were fixed at 20 min postadsorption, stained for reovirus (green), actin (red), and DNA (blue), and imaged using confocal immunofluorescence microscopy. The majority of reovirus particles are localized around the cell periphery, rather than in the perinuclear space as observed following infection of wild-type cells, indicating that reovirus internalization is less efficient in the absence of ␤1 integrin. (See related article on page 2760.)