Report Ofthe Council

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Report Ofthe Council Report ofthe Council October 21, ip8y AN ANNUAL MEETING marks the end ofan old year and the be- ginning of a new one. In that respect, this one is no different from the previous 174 during which you, our faithful members (or your predecessors), have suffered through narrations about the amazing successes, the fantastically exciting acquisitions, and the continu- ing upward ascent of our great and ever more elderly society. But this year has been a remarkable one for the American Antiquarian Society in terms of change, achievement, and, now, celebration. In this country, there are not very many secular institutions more ancient than ours, certainly not cultural ones—perhaps sixty col- leges, a handful of subscription libraries, a few learned societies. For 175 years we, and our friends of learning, have built and strengthened a great research library and its staff; have presented our collections to scholars and students of American history and life through service and publications; and now, at the beginning of our 176th year, are looking forward to new challenges to enable the Society to become even more useful as an agency of learning and to the understanding of our national life. Dealing with change takes first place in daily routine and there have been many important ones during the past twelve months, more so than in recent memory. Among the membership we lost a longtime friend and colleague, John Cushing. John served as librarian of the Massachusetts Historical Society since 1961 and during this past quarter century had been our constant col- laborator in worthwhile bibliographical and historical enterprises. John H. G. Pell died only a few weeks ago. He was our senior 199 2OO American Antiquarian Society member, having been elected in April of 1930, not long after the publication of his biography of Ethan Allen. Mr. Pell was involved in historical matters for all of his long life, most vitally with the restoration of Fort Ticonderoga, a crux on the North American continent that had been his family's summer residence since the first decades ofthe nineteenth century. Death came also to Dumas Malone, of Virginia. When the Society met in Charlottesville in April 1986, he entertained us with a delightful talk, expressing dismay that he was not our senior member either in terms of service or in age! Succeeding Mr. Pell as our senior member is Hamilton Vaughan Bail who was elected to the Society in April 1939. Some years ago Mr. Bail published a fine book on early views of Harvard College and later, in our Proceedings, a bibliography of novels pertaining to his alma mater. Your reporter first met Mr. Bail thirty years ago when we were both trustees of the Vermont Historical Society and he has been a firm friend ever since. Change is rampant amongst the Society's staff also. Details concerning the comings and goings within the library staff will be given in the Report ofthe Associate Librarian, but I must comment here on the retirement of Carolyn A. Allen. Mrs. Allen, who came to the Society in the fall of 1971, has made our acquisitions proces- ses her own. During the past sixteen years she has come to know the collections, the vagaries of our cataloguing, and the organiza- tion of uncatalogued materials as well as or better than anyone on the staff. As acquisitions administrator, she searched out thousands upon thousands of offerings from booksellers and, with the librar- ian, has added at least 80,000 books, pamphlets, and broadsides to the collections. Mrs. Allen's retirement this October caused us to assess the manner by which the Society acquires materials. Thus, a new position was created, that of curator of printed books. The incumbent will take on many of the functions that Mrs. Allen performed and, after learning the shape of our holdings, will begin to select the research materials to be added to the collections. In addition, the curator will assume responsibilities for the manage- ment of the printed book collections, including the formation of Report of the Council 201 conservation policies, and other matters upon which the continued usefulness of the collections rest. These trying staff transitions have been orchestrated with skill and good will by the director's executive assistant, Eleanor Adams, who states that never has there been such comings and goings amongst the staff. Indeed, had we a few years ago experienced a turnover of this dimension, there would have been no staff left and the president would have had to open up the library! As has been the case in past years, we have acquired an excellent and numerous selection of materials to enrich our collections. A highly restricted list ofthe more interesting examples follows this report in the Proceedings, but we should take note here ofthe year's outstanding new rarity: A Briefe Relation ofthe Discovery and Plan- tation of New England (London, 1622). It was purchased this sum- mer at a London sale and comes to us as the gift, in part, of our member William S. Reese. The pamphlet recounts the early tribu- lations ofthe planters at Plymouth on Massachusetts Bay. Interest- ingly enough, at AAS it joins the only extant manuscript records, those for 162 2-2 3, ofthe Council for New England. The Council were a body of merchant-adventurers who existed from 1620 until 1639 as the financiers ofthe struggling settlement and who pub- lished our newly acquired promotional pamphlet. The library staff is very ably led by Nancy H. Burkett, who has been with us in a number of capacities since August 1973. She was a leading spirit in the writing and publication of our stunning new Collections and Programs of the American Antiquarian Society: A ly^th-Anniversary Guide, which has just been published and which we shall soon distribute to all members of the Society and, we hope, to scholars and to other libraries. In recognition of her outstanding work and in anticipation of her further leadership, I am happy to announce her appointment as Associate Librarian of the American Antiquarian Society. Donald K. Strader, our superintendent of buildings and grounds, has had his hands full this past year. Our surprisingly extensive real estate holdings require his constant attention and 2O2 American Antiquarian Society that of his staff, which was diminished when Kevin Adams re- signed. Furthermore, sixteen years after its last major overhaul, our building and its appurtenances are beginning to show signs of age. A variety of facilities and mechanical units have developed holes, leaks, or other disabilities that tax Mr. Strader's time, tal- ents, and the AAS budget. It is indisputable that serious thinking must soon take place on tbe condition of Antiquarian Hall, includ- ing that of security for tbe collections from fire, a topic that, following the recent disasters at the Los Angeles Public Library, absorbed not a little of Mrs. Burkett's attention. John B. Hencb continues to manage tbe Society's public and scholarly programs with imagination and great diligence. He planned (and AAS sponsored in conjunction with tbe Library of Congress's Center for tbe Book) a two-day conference held in June that was designed for teachers of tbe history of printing and of the book. Sixty-five participants traded syllabi, discussed tbe differing points of view beld by social historians and bibliog- raphers, and shared professional aggravations. Tbe conference, tbe first of its kind as far as we know, was funded in the main by tbe Exxon Education Eoundation. A full class of visiting fellows for 1987-88 was appointed, as we reported at tbe semiannual meeting, and Mr. Hench and bis assistants, M. Sbeila McAvey and Diane B. Schoen, worked mightily on a variety of publications. Tbese included tbe aforementioned i75th-anniversary guide as well as a listing of all members and officers of tbe Society from the founding in 1812. Bradford E Dunbar of tbe readers' services staff spent months putting the lists together, checking biographical directories, and sending out inquiries in order to make the list as complete and accurate as possible. The two anniversary publica- tions were funded by a grant from tbe William and Flora N. Hewlett Eoundation. The design of tbe Proceedings was changed, an alteration engendered by tbe shift at our printer from metal typesetting to digitized composition. Perhaps you have noticed tbe new look in tbe first part of volume 97, which you should bave received in tbe mail within tbe past few days. Report ofthe Council 203 Mary V. C. Callahan has outdone past accomplishments by helping to organize the i75th-anniversary celebration and in meeting our current budgetary and long-term financial needs. Her office has been the hub ofthe planning for the events of this week. Every idea was passed before her for her opinion as to appropriateness and she dealt with all of these distractions with good humor and even better sense. Responses were gratifying from members of the Society, from the corporate community, and from publishers and booksellers to requests from President Jeppson, Treasurer Daniels, and Chair- men Jacob Hiatt, Harold T. Miller, and Kenneth Nebenzahl, re- spectively. Gifts for general support totaled $181,875, while $ 19,969 was received to defray costs of specified purposes. The Worcester Association of Mutual Aid in Detecting Thieves under clerk William O. Pettit's leadership continues to be a very helpful and invigorating group to the Society. Members have given all kinds of assistance (as well as money) and have demonstrated an enthusiasm for the Society's activities that has greatly cheered the Council and staff. In our April report we cited two excellent additions to the collections that were made possible through gifts from WAMADT members.
Recommended publications
  • Charles University in Prague Faculty of Social Sciences The
    Charles University in Prague Faculty of Social Sciences Institute of International Studies Department of American Studies The Aspirations and Ascent of George Washington in the Context of His Times: From His Early Years to the End of the Revolutionary War Doctor of Philosophy Dissertation Author: Mgr. Stanislav Sýkora Supervisor: Prof. PhDr. Svatava Raková, CSc. Year: 2012 ABSTRACT George Washington’s relatively obscure beginnings did not preclude him from admiring and acquainting himself with chivalrous role models and genteel guidelines. Longing for recognition, Washington sought opportunities to serve his influential patrons to merit their further approbation. The dissertation sets Washington’s aspirations in the context of honor-based sociocultural milieu of his day and thus provides the reader with an insight into the conventional aspects of his ascent to the upper echelons of the colonial society of Virginia. At the time of the Revolution, Washington’s military reputation, leadership, and admirable character earned him a unanimous election to the chief command of the American armies. The complexity of Washington’s venture of accepting, exercising, and ultimately resigning the supreme military powers in relation to his reputation and sense of patriotic duty is thoroughly analyzed. Key words: George Washington, convention, ascent, ambition, patriotism, virtue iii I declare that I have worked on this dissertation independently, using the sources listed in the bibliography. …………………………………… Author’s signature iv CONTENTS Introduction 1 Chapter One: The Early Influences 11 Chapter Two: “Honour and Glory” 42 Chapter Three: The Gentleman of Mount Vernon 113 Chapter Four: “It Surely Is the Duty of Every Man Who Has Abilities to Serve His Country” 123 Chapter Five: “My Plan Is to Secure a Good Deal of Land” 168 Chapter Six: “Certain I Am No Person in Virginia Takes More Pains to Make Their Tobo Fine than I Do” 184 Chapter Seven: “George Washington, Esq.
    [Show full text]
  • James' River Guide
    7 '^^^^ « THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS :/ m LIBRARY an. t * IILINOIS HISTORICAL SURVEY T^T^i^-'. ** ... >^ ^.^ ^y JAMES' K I V E R GUIDE: CONTAINING DESCKIPTIONS OF ALL THE CITIES, TOWNS, AND PEINCIPAL OBJECTS OF INTEREST, ON THE NAVIGABLE TITERS OF THE MISSISSIPPI VALLEY, FLOWING WEST FROM THE ALLEOnANY MOUNTAINS, EAST FROM THE ROCKY MOUNTAINS, AND SOUTH FROM NEAR THE NORTHERN LAKES, INCLUDING THE RIVERS OF ALABAMA AND TEXAS, FLOWING INTO THE GULF OF MEXICO : ALSO, AN ACCOUNT OF THE SOURCES OF THE RIVERS; WITH , FULL TABLES OF DISTANCES, AND MANY INTERESTING HISTORICAL SKETCHES OF THE COUNTRY, STATISTICS OF POPULATION, PRODUCTS, COJIMERCE, MANUFACTtTRES, MINERAL BB- SOURCES, Scenery, &c., &c. ILLUSTRATED WITH FORTY-FOUS MAPS, AND A NUMBER OF ENGRAVINGS. ^"' t. CINCINNATI: PUBLISHED BY U. P. JAMES. '* 167 WALNUT STREET. 1857. PUBLISIIEE^S NOTICE. The former edition of the River Guide, published under the name of " Conclms New River Guide," is embodied in this edition so far as it suits the present time. The work has been tliorouglily revised and cor- rected, very much enlarged, in amount of matter, and brought down to the latest date. It is confidently believed that the book is now as com- plete and accurate as it is possible to make a work of this character. To the traveler on the Western Waters desiring correct information respecting the Rivers, Towns, Products and Resources of the country, it will prove an invaluable companion. ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THIS WORK. Ala. stands for Alabama. Ark. TABLES OF DISTANCES. The jniSSISSIPPl RIV£R, from Fort Kipley to the Guif oi ITIexico.
    [Show full text]
  • What I Like About the South
    CATALOGUE THREE HUNDRED THIRTY-SIX What I Like About the South WILLIAM REESE COMPANY 409 Temple Street New Haven, CT 06511 (203) 789-8081 A Note This catalogue is devoted to books about the American South, spanning from Jacques Le Moyne’s account of Florida in 1565 through President Andrew John- son’s proclamation ending the Civil War in 1866. Early material includes some classic rarities by Beverly, Beyer, Catesby, Coxe, Martyn, and others, including much material on early Georgia. There are a number of important early imprints including runs of laws from the 18th century for Virginia, South Carolina, North Carolina, and Kentucky. There is a strong selection of books on the Civil War, including maps, personal and regimental memoirs, and much else. Also offered are many books on the antebellum South, including more early laws from various states, important maps, and much else. Most of the material is new to our stock. Available on request or via our website are our recent catalogues: 330 Western Americana, 331 Archives & Manuscripts, 332 French Americana, 333 Americana–Beginnings, and 334, Recent Acquisitions in Americana; Bulletins 41 Original Works of American Art, 42 Native Americans, 43 Cartography, and 44 Photography; e-lists (only available on our website) and many more topical lists. q A portion of our stock may be viewed at www.williamreesecompany.com. If you would like to receive e-mail notification when catalogues and lists are uploaded, please e-mail us at [email protected] or send us a fax, specifying whether you would like to receive the notifications in lieu of or in addition to paper catalogues.
    [Show full text]
  • States Become a Nation (1760-1800)
    Virginia Becomes a State; States Become a Nation (1760-1800) Virginia History Series #7-07 © 2007 People of Virginia The number of people residing in the Virginia Colony increased by over 2 ½ times from 1760-1800. 53 Counties had formed in Virginia by 1760 1760 VA Counties were mostly on the coast (i.e., Tidewater) and inland along rivers like the James, Roanoke, York, Potomac, and Rappahannock (i.e., Piedmont) The “Fall Line” Separates Tidewater & Piedmont Regions in Virginia Tidewater Piedmont Fall Line Virginia Great Falls of the Potomac on the Virginia “Fall Line” Virginia’s Early Land Claims included present- day Kentucky, West Virginia and much of the “Northwest Territories”also claimed by other Colonies/States Virginia ceded its claims on Northwest Territories to the United States in 1783 Land Speculation In the 1760s, Virginian’s gentry-owned companies hoped to make money from land speculation on the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers. The Ohio Company Ohio (which started work in 1754 and was River managed by George Mason) and the Land Mississippi Land Company (organized Speculation by Thomas Ludwell Lee, Francis Lightfoot Area Lee, Richard Henry Lee, William Lee, William and Henry Fitzhugh, Thomas Mississippi King Bullitt, and George Washington in 1763) River George’s sought title to millions of acres of Proclamation Western land through grants from King Line of 1763 George III. Instead of supporting land ventures by Virginia’s gentry, King George III hoped to set these lands aside for the Crown or English gentry and made a proclamation forbidding further settlement and speculation in British lands West of the Appalachians by colonial residents.
    [Show full text]
  • Surveyor George Washington
    USA’s First President – Surveyor George Washington Donald BUHLER Key words: History, Surveyor, Washington, Public Land Survey System SUMMARY From a historical standpoint, George Washington is the most famous and celebrated individual in the United States. The books and writings on Washington are vast and thorough; however, few people realize his first occupation was as a surveyor. This early livelihood was extremely important and pivotal to the success of Washington life. By surveying the raw and unsettled lands of the New World many windows of opportunity were open for Washington. Throughout history land has always equated to power and wealth and this was amplified in the New World. Land ownership was the gauge of a person’s status, power and wealth in the eighteenth century of America. Only land owners were allowed to vote and the size of land ownership was definitely the mark of status. Washington realized that to measure or survey the land would afford him a great advantage in the “currency” of the new world. His experience in surveying and mapping the lands also provided him with the invaluable skills and knowledge during the revolutionary war with England. International Institution for the History of Surveying & Measurement 1/7 FIG Syndey 2010 History Workshop Program Donald Buhler USA’S First President – Surveyor George Washington (4704) FIG Congress 2010 Facing the Challenges – Building the Capacity Sydney, Australia, 9-16 April 2010 USA’s First President – Surveyor George Washington Donald BUHLER EARLY YEARS George Washington was born February 22, 1732, to Augustine and Mary Ball Washington at Popes Creek in Westmorland County, Virginia.
    [Show full text]
  • The Diaries of George Washington. Vol. 1. Donald Jackson, Ed.; Dorothy Twohig, Assoc
    The Diaries of George Washington. Vol. 1. Donald Jackson, ed.; Dorothy Twohig, assoc. ed. The Papers of George Washington. Charlottesville The Diaries of GEORGE WASHINGTON Volume I 1748–65 ASSISTANT EDITORS Beverly H. Runge, Frederick Hall Schmidt, and Philander D. Chase George H. Reese, CONSULTING EDITOR Joan Paterson Kerr, PICTURE EDITOR THE DIARIES OF GEORGE WASHINGTON VOLUME I 1748–65 DONALD JACKSON, EDITOR DOROTHY TWOHIG, ASSOCIATE EDITOR UNIVERSITY PRESS OF VIRGINIA CHARLOTTESVILLE This edition has been prepared by the staff of The Papers of George Washington, sponsored by The Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union and the University of Virginia. THE UNIVERSITY PRESS OF VIRGINIA Copyright © 1976 by the Rector and Visitors of the University of Virginia First published 1976 Frontispiece: George Washington, by Charles Willson Peale. (Washington and Lee University, Washington-Custis-Lee Collection) Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Washington, George, Pres. U. S., 1732–1799. The diaries of George Washington. The Diaries of George Washington. Vol. 1. Donald Jackson, ed.; Dorothy Twohig, assoc. ed. The Papers of George Washington. Charlottesville http://www.loc.gov/resource/mgw.wd01 Bibliography: p. 349 Includes index. 1. Washington, George, Pres. U. S., 1732–1799. I. Jackson, Donald Dean, 1919- II. Twohig, Dorothy. III. Title. E312.8 1976 973.4′1′0924 [B] 75-41365 ISBN 0-8139-0643-1 (v. 1) Printed in the United States of America Administrative Board David A. Shannon, Chairman Mrs. Thomas Turner Cooke W. Walker Cowen Advisory Committee John R. Alden C. Waller Barrett Francis L. Berkeley, Jr. Julian P. Boyd Comte René de Chambrun James Thomas Flexner Merrill Jensen Wilmarth S.
    [Show full text]
  • John Randolph of Roanoke and the Politics of Doom: Slavery, Sectionalism, and Self-Deception, 1773-1821
    University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 12-2012 John Randolph of Roanoke and the Politics of Doom: Slavery, Sectionalism, and Self-Deception, 1773-1821 Aaron Scott Crawford [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss Part of the Political History Commons, and the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Crawford, Aaron Scott, "John Randolph of Roanoke and the Politics of Doom: Slavery, Sectionalism, and Self-Deception, 1773-1821. " PhD diss., University of Tennessee, 2012. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/1519 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a dissertation written by Aaron Scott Crawford entitled "John Randolph of Roanoke and the Politics of Doom: Slavery, Sectionalism, and Self-Deception, 1773-1821." I have examined the final electronic copy of this dissertation for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, with a major in History. Daniel Feller, Major Professor We have read this dissertation and recommend its acceptance: Stephen Ash, Ernest Freeberg, Michael Fitzgerald Accepted for the Council: Carolyn R. Hodges Vice Provost and Dean of the Graduate School (Original signatures are on file with official studentecor r ds.) John Randolph of Roanoke and the Politics of Doom: Slavery, Sectionalism, and Self-Deception, 1773-1821 A Dissertation Presented for the Doctor of Philosophy Degree The University of Tennessee, Knoxville Aaron Scott Crawford December 2012 Copyright ©2012 Aaron Scott Crawford.
    [Show full text]
  • Entire Issue Volume 9, Number 1
    The Primary Source Volume 9 | Issue 1 Article 1 1987 Entire Issue Volume 9, Number 1 Follow this and additional works at: https://aquila.usm.edu/theprimarysource Part of the Archival Science Commons Recommended Citation (1987) "Entire Issue Volume 9, Number 1," The Primary Source: Vol. 9 : Iss. 1 , Article 1. DOI: 10.18785/ps.0901.01 Available at: https://aquila.usm.edu/theprimarysource/vol9/iss1/1 This Complete Issue is brought to you for free and open access by The Aquila Digital Community. It has been accepted for inclusion in The rP imary Source by an authorized editor of The Aquila Digital Community. For more information, please contact [email protected]. s. he Primary Squr:~e. , . A Quarterly Publication of The Society of Mississippi Archivists Volume 9 Spring 1987 Number 1 SMA, SALA, SGA TO MEET APR.TI. 26-28: FOCUS ON REGIONAL COOPERATION The joint spring meeting of the Society of Mississippi Archivists, the Society of Alabama Archivists and the Society of Georgia Archivists will take place Sunday, April 26 through Tuesday, April 28 at the Alabama 4-H Center near Birmingham. The focus of the meeting will be regional coopera­ tion, highlighted by discussion of a proposed regional confederation com­ prised of the three participating organizations and by a presentation on "The Relationship of SAA to the Regionals" by Donn C. Neal, the new Execu­ tive Director of the Society of American Archivists. Other sessions on cooperative collecting policies, cooperative conservation concerns and the status of the NEH-funded newspaper projects in the three states will con­ tribute to the regional theme.
    [Show full text]
  • THE WAR of INDEPENDENCE OR the AMERICAN REVOLUTION THAT WAS NO REVOLUTION: ANOTHER LOOK at the REASONS a Thesis Presented to Th
    THE WAR OF INDEPENDENCE OR THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION THAT WAS NO REVOLUTION: ANOTHER LOOK AT THE REASONS A Thesis Presented to The Faculty of the College of Arts and Sciences Florida Gulf Coast University In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirement for the Degree of Master of Arts By Hans G. Jansen 2013 APPROVAL SHEET This thesis is submitted in partial fulfillment of The requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in History _________________________________ Hans G. Jansen Approved _________________________________ Michael Epple, Ph.D. __________________________________ Eric A. Strahorn, Ph.D. ___________________________________ Frances Davey, Ph.D. III TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS IV INTRODUCTION 1 CHAPTER 1. REVOLUTION OR WAR OF INDEPENDENCE? 6 The Definition of Revolution 7 Are These Revolutionaries? 11 Samuel Adams – Revolutionary? 14 Possible Revolutionary Elements 16 Conclusion 19 CHAPTER 2. TOWARD INDEPENDENCE 21 The Puritans 21 The French and Indian War / The Seven Years’ War 24 The Colonial Assemblies during the French and Indian War 27 Conclusion 30 CHAPTER 3. REASONS FOR THE WAR OF INDEPENDENCE 32 The Acts of Parliament after 1763 33 Conclusion 51 CHAPTER 4. WHY THE WAR OF INDEPENDENCE SUCCEEDED 54 The Only Effective Government 56 Geography and Communication 67 The Importance of Europe in the American War of Independence 76 France and Spain 77 The Netherlands and the League of Armed Neutrality 81 Conclusion 83 Addendum 85 OVERALL CONCLUSION 107 BIBLIOGRAPHY 110 IV ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS When, at the age of 62, I decided to study history at Florida Gulf Coast University, it was not a spontaneous decision. In my younger years, I had pursued business and languages in order to make enough money to marry and raise a family.
    [Show full text]
  • The New Western Colony Schemes: a Preview of the United States Territorial System
    The New Western Colony Schemes: A Preview of the United States Territorial System Chad J. Wox.niak* The history of the United States territorial sxstem properly begins several decades before the American Revolution. Many of the ideas ultimately incorporated into the American territorial system first found expression, in one form or another, some time during the half century or so before 1775. In this period developments took place illustrative as antecedents of the Northwest Ordinance of 1787, which created the United States territorial system, and of the companion Land Ordinance of 1785, which established the characteristic Ameri- can rectangular land survey system. These antecedents were encom- passed in the plans for settlement west of the Appalachians in colo- nial times and in the schemes for new British colonies in the interior of North America. While none of the new colony schemes was ever realized, their sponsors put forth some of the initial suggestions of elements in the later plan of the territorial system. Their ideas and plans were known and carefully evaluated by the Continental Con- gress during and after the Revo1ution.l Since they represented the first proposed departure from the old pattern of expansion westward by the original colonies2 and the first indigenously American deliberations upon new colonization, the new colony ven- tures merit consideration as a phase of the ideological growth and shaping of the territorial system and of America constitutionalism. Upon examination, the proposals and schemes for new western settle- ment in the late colonial period exhibit many tendencies and philo- sophies later expressed again in the Ordinances of 1785 and 1787.
    [Show full text]
  • UNIVERSITY of CALIFORNIA, IRVINE Commodification, Slavery
    UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, IRVINE Commodification, Slavery, Credit and the Law in the Lower Mississippi River Valley, 1780-1830 DISSERTATION Submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY In History By Elbra Lilli David Dissertation Committee: Professor Steven C. Topik, Chair Professor Alice Fahs Professor Kenneth Pomeranz 2018 © 2018 Elbra L. David Table of Contents Page List of Tables iv List of Maps v List of Illustrations vi List of Graphs vii Acknowledgements viii Curriculum Vitae ix Abstract x Introduction: Cotton’s Development, the Second Wave of Slavery and the Transnational Context of Credit and Debt in the Lower Mississippi Valley’s Plantation Enclaves 1 The Lower Mississippi Valley’s Emerging Enclaves 13 Natchez, Mississippi 16 New Orleans, Louisiana 19 Planters-as-Merchants and the Commercial World of the United States 23 The Act for the More Easy Recovery of Debts in His Majesty’s Plantations--The Debt Recovery Act of 1732 27 Cotton’s Timeline 34 The Evolution of Banking 44 An Expanding Definition of Wealth, the South as Concept, and the Role of both in the Invisibility of Slavery 48 Historiographic Review 53 Organization of the Dissertation 66 Chapter 1: Atlantic Merchants, Asset Seizures and Legal Disputes in the Integration of the Lower Mississippi, 1790-1820 70 Lex Mercatoria and ‘Preference’ Laws: Preferring ‘Friends’ and Hiding Assets 81 The Law of Nations and Lex Mercatoria 90 Part II 100 Newcombe v. Skipwith, 1810 100 Debora v. Coffin & Wife, 1809 105 Assets and “Forum Shopping:” Aston v. Morgan, 1812 111 The Imposition of Interest Rates in the Lower Mississippi Valley 114 Talcott v.
    [Show full text]
  • University of Cincinnati
    UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI Date:___________________ I, _________________________________________________________, hereby submit this work as part of the requirements for the degree of: in: It is entitled: This work and its defense approved by: Chair: _______________________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ THE WATERY WORLD: THE COUNTRY OF THE ILLINOIS, 1699 – 1778 A dissertation submitted to the Division of Research and Advanced Studies of the University of Cincinnati in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTORATE OF PHILOSOPHY (Ph.D.) in the Department of History of the College of Arts and Sciences 2005 By Morgan J. McFarland B.A., University of Alaska, 1977 MFA, University of Alaska, 1981 M.A., University of Cincinnati, 2001 Committee Chair: Dr. Geoffrey Plank Abstract The Watery World, an environmental study, challenges traditional histories of Illinois that present the natural environment in 1778 as untouched, virgin land. Occupied by the French since 1699, Illinois lands had been depleted of furbearing animals, deforested, and rigorously hunted. An exodus of French and Illinois Indians after 1763 encouraged a partial recovery of the environment; yet there were permanent losses, such as oak-hickory savannas and bison. Changes in the tri-partite habitat of French Illinois – floodplain, talus and bluffs, and upland till plain – also contributed to an escalation of inter-tribal conflicts. Northern Fox, Sauk, Potawatomi, and Sioux, as well as eastern bands of Miami and the Missouri Osage, competed for the resources of the Illinois prairies. The radical depopulation of Illinois tribes over the eighteenth century has been studied in the context of European contact, yet change to the natural environment has not been emphasized.
    [Show full text]