The Mekong River Ecosystem in Crisis: ASEAN Cannot Be a Bystander
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CPWF Project Report
CPWF Project Report Mekong Basin Focal Project: Final Report Project Number: PN58 Mac Kirby1, Chayanis Krittasudthacheewa2, Mohammed Mainuddin1, Eric Kemp-Benedict2, Chris Swartz2, Elnora de la Rosa2 1CSIRO Water for a Healthy Country 2Stockholm Environment Institute for submission to the August, 2009 Acknowledgements The Mekong Basin Focal Project was undertaken by the CSIRO, the Stockholm Environment Institute, the Mekong River Commission and the Japan International Research Centre for Agricultural Science. The project was partly funded by all of those organizations and partly by the Challenge Program on Water and Food. Program Preface The Challenge Program on Water and Food (CPWF) contributes to efforts of the international community to ensure global diversions of water to agriculture are maintained at the level of the year 2000. It is a multi-institutional research initiative that aims to increase water productivity for agriculture—that is, to change the way water is managed and used to meet international food security and poverty eradication goals—in order to leave more water for other users and the environment. The CPWF conducts action-oriented research in nine river basins in Africa, Asia and Latin America, focusing on crop water productivity, fisheries and aquatic ecosystems, community arrangements for sharing water, integrated river basin management, and institutions and policies for successful implementation of developments in the water-food- environment nexus. Project Preface The Mekong Basin Focal Project aims were to assess water use, water productivity and water poverty in the basin, and analyse the opportunities and risks of change in water management that influences water poverty. The main issue facing the Lower Mekong is not water availability (except for seasonally in certain areas such as northeast Thailand) but the impact of changed flows (which may result from dam or irrigation development or climate change) on ecology, fish production, access to water and food security. -
The Copper Hoards Problem: a Technological Angle
The Copper Hoards Problem: A Technological Angle Received 14 June 1969 D. P. AGRAWAL I. THE PROBLEM HE Copper Hoards are difficult to define. Copper artifacts discovered from sites as distant as Shalozan in the northwest, Bhagrapir in the east and Kallur in the south T have all been lumped together under the designation, "Copper Hoards." Tool types also are equally varied: they include socketed axes, trunnion axes, flat celts, anthropomorphs, rings, and harpoons, among others. The problem of definition is further compounded by the fact that all these finds are unstratified, and they have no association with other artifacts. The earliest discoveries were reported by V. A. Smith (1905, 1907). R. Heine-Geldern (1936) equated them with the Indo-Aryan culture on the basis of typological considerations alone. He proposed that the trunnion axes came from Transcaucasia, the axe-adze from the Danube and the antennae sword from the Koban region. He surmised that these artifacts came to India through Persia around 1200-1000 B.C. In this equation he was at first supported by S. Piggott (1944), but subsequently the latter proposed that they were perhaps the relics of the Harappan refugees (Piggott 1950). In a brilliant analysis, B. B. Lal (1951) pointed out that the trunnion axe, the Fort Monroe sword, the socketed axe-adze and the axe had a westerly distribution, whereas the harpoon, the barcelt and the anthropomorph were confined to the Doab and never occurred west of it. But undeterred by Lal's criticism, Heine-Geldern repeated (1956) his arguments and declared that the Copper Hoard-Aryans, coming from the West, invaded India between 1200 and 1000 B.C. -
The Pivot in Southeast Asia Balancing Interests and Values
WORKING PAPER The Pivot in Southeast Asia Balancing Interests and Values Joshua Kurlantzick January 2015 This publication has been made possible by a grant from the Open Society Foun- dations. The project on the pivot and human rights in Southeast Asia is also sup- ported by the United States Institute of Peace. The Council on Foreign Relations (CFR) is an independent, nonpartisan membership organization, think tank, and publisher dedicated to being a resource for its members, government officials, busi- ness executives, journalists, educators and students, civic and religious leaders, and other interested citizens in order to help them better understand the world and the foreign policy choices facing the United States and other countries. Founded in 1921, CFR carries out its mission by maintaining a diverse membership, with special programs to promote interest and develop expertise in the next generation of foreign policy leaders; convening meetings at its headquarters in New York and in Washington, DC, and other cities where senior government officials, members of Congress, global leaders, and prominent thinkers come together with CFR members to discuss and debate major in- ternational issues; supporting a Studies Program that fosters independent research, enabling CFR scholars to produce articles, reports, and books and hold roundtables that analyze foreign policy is- sues and make concrete policy recommendations; publishing Foreign Affairs, the preeminent journal on international affairs and U.S. foreign policy; sponsoring Independent Task Forces that produce reports with both findings and policy prescriptions on the most important foreign policy topics; and providing up-to-date information and analysis about world events and American foreign policy on its website, CFR.org. -
UNODC, Synthetic Drugs in East and Southeast Asia
Synthetic Drugs in East and Southeast Asia Latest developments and challenges May 2020 Global SMART Programme Copyright © 2020, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC). This publication may be reproduced in whole or in part and in any form for educational or non-profit purposes without special permission from the copyright holder, provided acknowledgement of the source is made. UNODC would appreciate receiving a copy of any publication that uses this publication as a source. Acknowledgements This report was prepared by the Global Synthetic Monitoring: Analyses, Reporting and Trends (SMART) Programme, Laboratory and Scientific Section with the support of the UNODC Regional Office for Southeast Asia and the Pacific. Supervision, direction and review Justice Tettey, Chief, Laboratory and Scientific Section Jeremy Douglas, Regional Representative, Southeast Asia and the Pacific Research and drafting Martin Raithelhuber, Illicit Synthetic Drugs Expert Tun Nay Soe, Inter-regional Programme Coordinator Inshik Sim, Drug Programme Analyst, Southeast Asia and the Pacific Joey Yang Yi Tan, Junior Professional Officer in Drug Research Graphic design and layout Akara Umapornsakula, Graphic Designer Administrative support Jatupat Buasipreeda, Programme Assistant The present report also benefited from the expertise and valuable contributions of UNODC colleagues in the Laboratory and Scientific Section and the Regional Office for Southeast Asia and the Pacific, including Tsegahiwot Abebe Belachew, Rebecca Miller, Reiner Pungs, and John Wojcik. Disclaimer This report has not been formally edited. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNODC or the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. -
MOU-ASEAN.Pdf
Memorandum of Understanding Between the Mekong River Commission Secretariat and the ASEAN Secretariat Preamble REAFFIRMING the development of partnership between the Association of Southeast Asian Nations Secretariat (the "ASEC") and the Mekong River Commission Secretariat (the "MRCS") to contribute towards the sustainable development of the Mekong Basin. The ASEC and the MRCS have agreed to increase their cooperation and enter into partnership in fields of common interest. NOTING the Memorandum of Understanding (the "MoU") sets out the modalities under which ASEC and MRCS intend to closely collaborate. Noting 1. The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) is an intergovernmental institution established on 8 August 1967 in Bangkok by the five original Member States, namely, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand. Brunei Darussalam joined on 8 January 1984, Vietnam on 28 July 1995, Lao PDR and Myanmar on 23 July 1997, and Cambodia on 30 April 1999. The ASEAN Secretariat is located in Jakarta, Indonesia 2. The ASEAN Charter entered into force on 15 December 2008 and it is a legally binding agreement among the ten Member States. The Charter provides the legal and institutional framework for the realisation of the ASEAN Community by 2015. 3. At the 13th and 14th ASEAN Summits held in 2007 and 2008, respectively, the Leaders adopted the ASEAN Economic Community Blueprint, the ASEAN Socio-Cultural Community Blueprint and the ASEAN Political-Security Community Blueprint and the IAI Work Plan II which serves as the Roadmap for an ASEAN Community (2009-2015). 4. The Roadmap provides strategic plan of actions in promoting sustainability of water resources to ensure equitable accessibility and sufficient water quantity of acceptable quality to meet the needs of the people of ASEAN. -
Monsoon Extremes and Society Over the Past Millennium on Mainland Southeast Asia
Quaternary Science Reviews 95 (2014) 1e19 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Quaternary Science Reviews journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/quascirev Invited review Monsoon extremes and society over the past millennium on mainland Southeast Asia Brendan M. Buckley a,*, Roland Fletcher b, Shi-Yu Simon Wang c, Brian Zottoli d, Christophe Pottier e a Tree-Ring Laboratory, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, 61 Route 9W, Palisades, NY 10964, USA b Department of Archaeology, University of Sydney, NWS 2006, Australia c Utah Climate Center, Department of Plants, Soils and Climate, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA d Ecole française d’Extrême-Orient (EFEO), Paris, France e Ecole française d’Extrême-Orient (EFEO), Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn Anthropology Centre, 20, Boromarachachonani Road, Taling Chan, Bangkok 10170, Thailand article info abstract Article history: The early 21st century has seen vigorous scientific interest in the Asian monsoon and significant Received 21 June 2013 development of paleo-proxies of monsoon strength. These include the Monsoon Asian Drought Atlas e a Received in revised form 700-year, gridded reconstruction of hydroclimate derived from 327 tree ring records e and several long 20 April 2014 speleothem records from China and India. Similar progress has been made on the study of monsoon Accepted 22 April 2014 climate dynamics through re-analysis data products and General Circulation Model diagnostics. The story Available online has emerged of a variable monsoon over the latter -
FULLTEXT01.Pdf
http://www.diva-portal.org This is the published version of a paper published in . Citation for the original published paper (version of record): Eklöf Amirell, S. (2020) The making of the “Malay pirate” in early modern European thought Humanities, 9(3): 1-14 https://doi.org/10.3390/h9030091 Access to the published version may require subscription. N.B. When citing this work, cite the original published paper. Permanent link to this version: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-101229 humanities Article The Making of the “Malay Pirate” in Early Modern European Thought Stefan Eklöf Amirell Centre for Concurrences in Colonial and Postcolonial Studies, Linnaeus University, SE-351 95 Växjö, Sweden; [email protected] Received: 20 May 2020; Accepted: 11 August 2020; Published: 24 August 2020 Abstract: This article traces the long historical background of the nineteenth-century European notion of the Malay as a human “race” with an inherent addiction to piracy. For most of the early modern period, European observers of the Malay Archipelago associated the Malays with the people and diaspora of the Sultanate of Melaka, who were seen as commercially and culturally accomplished. This image changed in the course of the eighteenth century. First, the European understanding of the Malay was expanded to encompass most of the indigenous population of maritime Southeast Asia. Second, more negative assessments gained influence after the mid-eighteenth century, and the Malays were increasingly associated with piracy, treachery, and rapaciousness. In part, the change was due to the rise in maritime raiding on the part of certain indigenous seafaring peoples of Southeast Asia combined with increasing European commercial interests in Southeast Asia, but it was also part of a generally more negative view in Europe of non-settled and non-agricultural populations. -
“Malay Pirate” in Early Modern European Thought
humanities Article The Making of the “Malay Pirate” in Early Modern European Thought Stefan Eklöf Amirell Centre for Concurrences in Colonial and Postcolonial Studies, Linnaeus University, SE-351 95 Växjö, Sweden; [email protected] Received: 20 May 2020; Accepted: 11 August 2020; Published: 24 August 2020 Abstract: This article traces the long historical background of the nineteenth-century European notion of the Malay as a human “race” with an inherent addiction to piracy. For most of the early modern period, European observers of the Malay Archipelago associated the Malays with the people and diaspora of the Sultanate of Melaka, who were seen as commercially and culturally accomplished. This image changed in the course of the eighteenth century. First, the European understanding of the Malay was expanded to encompass most of the indigenous population of maritime Southeast Asia. Second, more negative assessments gained influence after the mid-eighteenth century, and the Malays were increasingly associated with piracy, treachery, and rapaciousness. In part, the change was due to the rise in maritime raiding on the part of certain indigenous seafaring peoples of Southeast Asia combined with increasing European commercial interests in Southeast Asia, but it was also part of a generally more negative view in Europe of non-settled and non-agricultural populations. This development preceded the notion of the Malays as one of humanity’s principle races, which emerged toward the end of the eighteenth century. The idea that Malays were natural pirates also paved the way for several brutal colonial anti-piracy campaigns in the Malay Archipelago during the nineteenth century. -
Myanmar: the Key Link Between
ADBI Working Paper Series Myanmar: The Key Link between South Asia and Southeast Asia Hector Florento and Maria Isabela Corpuz No. 506 December 2014 Asian Development Bank Institute Hector Florento and Maria Isabela Corpuz are consultants at the Office of Regional Economic Integration, Asian Development Bank. The views expressed in this paper are the views of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of ADBI, ADB, its Board of Directors, or the governments they represent. ADBI does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this paper and accepts no responsibility for any consequences of their use. Terminology used may not necessarily be consistent with ADB official terms. Working papers are subject to formal revision and correction before they are finalized and considered published. In this paper, “$” refers to US dollars. The Working Paper series is a continuation of the formerly named Discussion Paper series; the numbering of the papers continued without interruption or change. ADBI’s working papers reflect initial ideas on a topic and are posted online for discussion. ADBI encourages readers to post their comments on the main page for each working paper (given in the citation below). Some working papers may develop into other forms of publication. Suggested citation: Florento, H., and M. I. Corpuz. 2014. Myanmar: The Key Link between South Asia and Southeast Asia. ADBI Working Paper 506. Tokyo: Asian Development Bank Institute. Available: http://www.adbi.org/working- paper/2014/12/12/6517.myanmar.key.link.south.southeast.asia/ Please contact the authors for information about this paper. -
The Amorphous Nature of Coastal Polities in Insular Southeast Asia: Restricted Centres, Extended Peripheries Pierre-Yves Manguin
The Amorphous Nature of Coastal Polities in Insular Southeast Asia: Restricted Centres, Extended Peripheries Pierre-Yves Manguin To cite this version: Pierre-Yves Manguin. The Amorphous Nature of Coastal Polities in Insular Southeast Asia: Restricted Centres, Extended Peripheries. Moussons : recherches en sciences humaines sur l’Asie du Sud-Est, Presses universitaires de Provence, 2014, Recherche en sciences humaines sur l’Asie du Sud-Est, pp.73- 99. 10.4000/moussons.2699. halshs-02516998 HAL Id: halshs-02516998 https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-02516998 Submitted on 24 Mar 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Moussons Recherche en sciences humaines sur l’Asie du Sud-Est 5 | 2002 Recherche en sciences humaines sur l'Asie du Sud-Est The Amorphous Nature of Coastal Polities in Insular Southeast Asia: Restricted Centres, Extended Peripheries La nature informe des systèmes politiques de l’Asie du sud-est insulaire : centres restreints, périphéries étendues Pierre-Yves Manguin Electronic version URL: http://journals.openedition.org/moussons/2699 DOI: 10.4000/moussons.2699 ISSN: 2262-8363 Publisher Presses Universitaires de Provence Printed version Date of publication: 1 July 2002 Number of pages: 73-99 ISBN: 2-7449-0415-5 ISSN: 1620-3224 Electronic reference Pierre-Yves Manguin, « The Amorphous Nature of Coastal Polities in Insular Southeast Asia: Restricted Centres, Extended Peripheries », Moussons [Online], 5 | 2002, Online since 19 June 2014, connection on 20 April 2019. -
Maritime Security Challenges in Southeast Asia: Analysis of International and Regional Legal Frameworks
University of Wollongong Research Online University of Wollongong Thesis Collection 1954-2016 University of Wollongong Thesis Collections 2016 Maritime Security Challenges in Southeast Asia: Analysis of International and Regional Legal Frameworks Ahmad Almaududy Amri University of Wollongong Follow this and additional works at: https://ro.uow.edu.au/theses University of Wollongong Copyright Warning You may print or download ONE copy of this document for the purpose of your own research or study. The University does not authorise you to copy, communicate or otherwise make available electronically to any other person any copyright material contained on this site. You are reminded of the following: This work is copyright. Apart from any use permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part of this work may be reproduced by any process, nor may any other exclusive right be exercised, without the permission of the author. Copyright owners are entitled to take legal action against persons who infringe their copyright. A reproduction of material that is protected by copyright may be a copyright infringement. A court may impose penalties and award damages in relation to offences and infringements relating to copyright material. Higher penalties may apply, and higher damages may be awarded, for offences and infringements involving the conversion of material into digital or electronic form. Unless otherwise indicated, the views expressed in this thesis are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the views of the University of Wollongong. Recommended Citation Amri, Ahmad Almaududy, Maritime Security Challenges in Southeast Asia: Analysis of International and Regional Legal Frameworks, Doctor of Philosophy thesis, School of Law, University of Wollongong, 2016. -
Irrigation in Southern and Eastern Asia in Figures AQUASTAT Survey – 2011
37 Irrigation in Southern and Eastern Asia in figures AQUASTAT Survey – 2011 FAO WATER Irrigation in Southern REPORTS and Eastern Asia in figures AQUASTAT Survey – 2011 37 Edited by Karen FRENKEN FAO Land and Water Division FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Rome, 2012 The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. The views expressed in this information product are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of FAO. ISBN 978-92-5-107282-0 All rights reserved. FAO encourages reproduction and dissemination of material in this information product. Non-commercial uses will be authorized free of charge, upon request. Reproduction for resale or other commercial purposes, including educational purposes, may incur fees. Applications for permission to reproduce or disseminate FAO copyright materials, and all queries concerning rights and licences, should be addressed by e-mail to [email protected] or to the Chief, Publishing Policy and Support Branch, Office of Knowledge Exchange, Research and Extension, FAO, Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, 00153 Rome, Italy.