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FAUNA GEA, FLORA ET FAUNA Notes Breus (Fauna) Butll. Inst. Cat. Hist. Nat., 66: 109-114. 1998 ISSN: 1133-6889 GEA, FLORA ET FAUNA GEA, FLORA ET FAUNA Notes breus (fauna) Dades sobre la presència del mol·lusc El mostratge del medi hidrològic del bivalve d’aigua dolça Unio elonga- Lluçanès durant les campanyes per a l’ela- boració de l’atles de la fauna vertebrada tulus aleroni (Companyó & Massot, d’Osona entre 1985 i 1997 va permetre de 1845) al Lluçanès detectar-hi la presència, escassa i localitza- da, de l’uniònid Unio elongatulus aleroni Data about the naiade Unio elonga- (Companyó & Massot, 1845). Informacions tulus aleroni (Companyó & Massot, bibliogràfiques referents a la conca del Llo- bregat denotaven l’existència de citacions 1845) presence in the Lluçanès area prèvies considerades errònies (Haas, 1929). (Catalonia, NE Spain) Contràriament, i de manera generalitzable a FIGURA 1. Un dels exemplars de la nàiade Unio A specimen of the haiade Unio elongatulus collected bona part de grups faunístics i botànics, elongatulus trobat durant el dragatge de fons de during the dredging of Santa Eulalia de Puig-oriol Rebut: 08.10.97 l’escassedat de dades pretèrites referents a l’embasament de Santa Eulàlia de Puig-oriol (Lluçà) (Lluça) dams on December 3rd 1992. Author: M. Acceptat: 01.04.98 aquestes nàiades sembla deguda no només a el 3 de desembre de 1992. Autor: M. Ordeix. Ordeix. una distribució restringida, sinó també a una Unio elongatulus és una espècie de distri- incompleta prospecció naturalística del país. bució circummediterrània i de l’Europa occi- Existeixen referències d’algunes de les amb la coberta externa de color bru clar i (el Berguedà; DG1551) i al Regatell, un dental; la subespècie aleroni és pròpia de la poblacions actuals de les rieres Lluçanesa i nacre intern brillant (vegeu fig. 1). afluent de la mateixa riera, també a Santa Catalunya nord-oriental, del Rosselló a la Gavarresa des de principis del segle XX. És Disposem de més dades recents sobre Maria de Merlès (DG1653). Tordera (Altaba, 1992). Es tracta d’un el cas de la riera Lluçanesa, al pantà de Santa l’existència d’uniònids a la riera de la Gava- La confirmació de l’existència de pobla- organisme protegit per la legislació vigent Eulàlia de Puig-oriol (Lluçà; DG2259) rresa, bé que no ha estat possible de compro- cions d’Unio elongatulus aleroni a la conca (Ordre de 23 de novembre de 1994, DOGC (vegeu Camprodon & Ordeix, 1993) i al pas var-les al camp: al seu pas pel municipi de alta del Llobregat, doncs, a més d’ajudar a núm. 1980), molt interessant pel seu caràc- de la mateixa riera per Santa Creu de Joglars Santa Creu de Joglars (Olost de Lluçanès; perfilar l’àrea de distribució de l’espècie ter bioindicador. Viu en rius, rierols i llacs (Olost de Lluçanès; DG 2150). Recentment DG2250, 2350) i, a la dècada dels vuitanta, a Catalunya, hauria d’incentivar el manteni- d’aigua neta i, en la fase larvària, necessita n’hem observades també a dos petits embas- a Santa Maria d’Oló (Bages; DG1737) (Isa- ment i la millora de la qualitat dels cursos i l’assistència d’un peix hoste, vehicle per a saments amb el llit sorrenc i llimós, recobert bel Casas, com. pers.); ben segur que les punts d’aigua, i la conservació i recuperació la recolonització aigües amunt (Altaba et al., de macròfits: el pantà de la Font (Lluçà; poblacions de bivalves han minvat molt en de les poblacions de fauna pròpies. 1991). A Catalunya, es troba en franca DG2055) i el pantà vell de Santa Eulàlia de aquesta riera com a conseqüència dels residus regressió des de fa alguns decennis, com a Puig-oriol (Lluçà; DG2259), on, almenys en que hi són abocats, generats en granges de conseqüència de la contaminació dels rius i part, s’hi van introduir uniònids d’origen bestiar porcí i boví. Resta indicar encara la la construcció d’embassaments i rescloses, desconegut els anys vuitanta. Els exemplars presència de nàiades, sembla que introduïdes MARC ORDEIX, JORDI CAMPRODON, FRANCESC que el delmen i barren els moviments migra- observats presenten longituds màximes entre a partir d’exemplars procedents del pantà de COMAS, MERCÈ MOLIST & FLORENCI BARNIOL 5 i 10 centímetres i una conquilla caracte- toris als peixos i a les formes larvàries de la riera Lluçanesa, a Santa Eulàlia de Puig- TRIOPS, Grup d’Estudis Ambientals. Plaça de Francesc les nàiades. rística: allargada, comprimida, subel·líptica, oriol, al canal de la dreta de la riera de Merlès Moragas, 5 1r 2a. E-08500 Vic. E-mail: [email protected] 109 110 GEA, FLORA ET FAUNA Phylogenetic position of Neuroterus strongly support its para– or even polyphy- curved and males with a large pedicellus (2 nea siguiendo la distribución de los hués- anthracinus (Curtis, 1838) comb. nov. letic status. times larger than wider). pedes a los cuales ataca (Quercus perenni- Certainly, only in the context of a On the other hand, Tavares (1992) folios). Han sido descritas, en su área natu- (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) cladistic analysis the placement of this described a subspecies of the sexual form ral de distribución, 7 formas sexuales y 7 species could be rigorously assessed. The Neuroterus anthracinus comb. nov. (Andri- agámicas pero tan solo en dos especies ha Posición filogenética de Neuroterus preliminary data exposed in Pujade-Villar cus ostrea major), based on a set of sido corroborada experimentalmente la re- anthracinus (Curtis, 1838) comb. nov. & Arnedo (1997) provided the first chromatic characters, the deeper sculpture lación entre la forma sexual y la agámica. (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) cladistic evidence for including Andricus of the mesonotum (probably due to a bigger De todas las especies tan sólo Plagiotrochus anthracina in the genus Neuroterus. size of these specimens) and the location of amenti Tavares, 1902, se encuentra sobre Q. However, the proposal of a new the gall. The type material was lost after the suber. El resto de especies del género se en- Rebut: 31.03.98 combination was considered to be too burning of the Coimbra’s University in this cuentran en Q. ilex y/o Q. coccifera. Acceptat: 11.11.98 adventurous, due to the limited sample of century. We consider these differences fall Debido a fuertes evidencias circuns- the diversity of the Cynipini represented in inside the range of the intraspecific tanciales (Nieves-Aldrey, 1985; Pujade- Cynips anthracinus (Curtis) was originally variability displayed by this species, and the analysis. Nevertheless, subsequent Villar & Ros-Farré, 1998) Plagiotrochus described from its agamic form. Previously propose that A. ostrea major should be improvement of that analysis, through the amenti (generación sexuada) presenta posi- to the revision of Quinlan & Fergusson considered a new synonymy of the type form addition of a large amount of new taxa (a blemente como generación alternante, sobre (1981), the specific denomination of this (Neuroterus anthracinus). total of 54 taxa including 16 genera and 29 el mismo tipo de huésped, la forma deno- species was Andricus ostreus (Giraud, species of Cynipini, and 161 morphological minada P. pardoi (Nieves-Aldrey, 1985). 1859). However, Giraud, who also described characters, Pujade-Villar et al.(in prep.), JULI PUJADE-VILLAR, PALMIRA ROS-FARRÉ & En América han sido descritas dos espe- this species from the agamic form, included has confirmed our preliminar hypothesis. MIQUEL ANGEL ARNEDO cies de Plagiotrochus; una sobre Q. suber, the same species in the genus Neuroterus. The new analysis supports the inclusion of P. suberi Weld, 1926 (de California y Ar- Subsequently, Beyerink (1882) demostrated Andricus anthracina in a clade otherwise Universitat de Barcelona. Facultat de Biologia. Departament de gentina) y la otra, P. abdominalis De Santis its heterogonic cycle and named the sexual exclusively formed by species belonging to Biologia Animal. Avda Diagonal, 645. E- 08028-Barcelona. & Esquivel, 1953 (de Argentina), citada so- form Neuroterus furunculus. Finally, Mayr the genus Neuroterus. Moreover, the genus bre Q. robur. Esta cita es excepcional pues- (1882) transferred the species to the genus Neuroterus, as currently defined, is showed to que significa el único representante del Andricus, where it has remained until now. to be polyphyletic, due to the placement of género Plagiotrochus sobre Quercus However, Eady & Quinlan (1963) have the species Neuroterus glandiformis in a caducifolios. pointed out its singularity, more precisely, clade mainly formed by the genera A propósito de la posición taxonómica La presencia de estas especies en el con- the fact that it does not fit well with the Plagiotrochus and Callyrhitis. tinente americano es peculiar debido a que characters usually attributed to the genus According to this results, the genus de las especies del género Plagiotro- los huéspedes han sido introducidos desde Andricus. Neuroterus should be redefined, as far as the chus Mayr en el continente americano el continente europeo (Dimitri & Milano, Therefore, the position of this species main character identifying the group, the (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) 1950; Weld, 1926; Bailey & Stange, 1966) could be considered as controversial. It absence of a suture between mesoscutum y por tanto han de derivar de formas euro- exhibits characters that could justify its and scutellum, seems to have been arisen peas (Kinsey, 1935). Morfológicamente, y inclusion in any of the mentioned genera and lost several times during the evolution On the taxomical status of the species después de examinar diversos ejemplares (Andricus, Neuroterus and Cynips). On the of the Cynipini. The characters that support of the genus Plagiotrochus Mayr in incluyendo el material tipo (Pujade-Villar, other hand, the genus Andricus is outstan- unambiguously the inclusion of Andricus America (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) 1991), las dos especies americanas son prác- dingly heterogoneous, including very dif- anthracina in the genus Neuroterus are: ticamente idénticas a la forma agámica P. ferent morphologies.
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