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Cambodia Post-Ketsana Disaster Needs Assessment

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Cambodia Post-Ketsana Disaster Needs Assessment Cambodia Post-Ketsana Disaster Needs Assessment Part I: Main Report A Report prepared by the Royal Government of Cambodia With support from the World Bank, GFDRR, UN System, ADB and ADPC Under the Leadership of the Cambodian National Committee for Disaster Management Phnom Penh, March, 2010 Cambodia PDNA FOREWORD Typhoon Ketsana hit Cambodia on September 29/30, 2009, causing incredible damage and loss, affecting some 50,000 families, leaving 43 people dead and 67 severely injured. Originating in the middle of the Pacific, Typhoon Ketsana swept through the Philippines, Vietnam and the Lao PDR before it ended its destructive path in our country. All our Northern provinces have been affected by severe storms and flush floods and most nearby provinces by less severe, but still devastating flooding. Most of the affected provinces are among the poorest of our country. The damages and losses caused by this natural disaster are of magnitude that will gravely compromise the development efforts undertaken so far and seriously set back the dynamism that characterized our economy in the last decade. Our Government acted quickly to the news of the catastrophe by dispatching immediate emergency help and evacuating people, in close collaboration with local authorities, and the spontaneous and generous support by many donors. On behalf of the Royal Government of Cambodia, I would like to express our deepest gratitude to our partners in development for their active participation in the relief activities, which brought vital help to the disaster-stricken population. The emergency support was overseen by the Office of the Prime Minister and the National Committee for Disaster Management, with the active participation of the armed forces, volunteers groups and the Cambodian Red Cross, which liaised efficiently with provincial and district disaster management offices, non-governmental organizations and donor agencies. Recognizing the longer-term impact of the Ketsana disaster, the Government decided to undertake to assess the damages and the losses caused by the disaster in order to evaluate the needs for recovery and reconstruction. Such an exercise was a first for the Government. It responded to two of our concerns, namely to identify the scope of the investments needed to recover from the Ketsana disaster and to identify the investments needed to ensure that they will be disaster-resilient. Indeed, if our future investments are not disaster-resilient, we would have to restart at square one all over again, every time another natural disaster strikes. The Report – Post-Disaster Needs Assessment (PDNA) – that I am honored to present to you evaluates the damages and losses registered in a number of sectors, affected by the Ketsana Typhoon, and thus goes much beyond emergency aid requirements as it addresses medium- and longer term needs for recovery, high-resilience reconstruction and sustainable restoration of livelihoods of the affected population. 1 Cambodia PDNA This Report, undertaken in November 2009, is the result of a joint initiative between the Royal Government of Cambodia, its partners in development and civil society organizations. Based on a proven methodology, originally developed in the early 1970s, by the United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean, continuously expanded and updated, the PDNAs are now accepted throughout the world as a means for objective and realistic valuation of the damage and losses caused by a disaster. The ‘Recovery Effort’ to be undertaken by the Government urgently will enable the sectors to reach their pre-disaster levels. This, we hope, should be achieved within 24 months. But there are also the longer-term needs that our PDNA Report defines as ‘reconstruction needs’ that will enable the sectors to improve their ‘disaster-resilience’ in order to ensure that in the longer term all our development investments, especially in infrastructure, will contribute to permanently minimize the risks of future disasters on our population and our environment. This is a crucial challenge that we have to address urgently, especially with the climate changes under way. Our Report clearly states the magnitude of the problems created by the Ketsana Typhoon and, we hope, informs, as accurately as possible, our partners in development on the extent of our medium and longer-term resource requirements, the priorities set and on how to achieve them. That we can present such a comprehensive Report was possible thanks to the outstanding work done by the various assessment teams, composed of over 100 individuals from government agencies, civil society organizations and partners in development. I am taking this opportunity to express, on behalf of the Government, our sincere appreciation for the excellent work done by the various assessment teams and to thank wholeheartedly all those who have been involved in preparing the PDNA. In particular, I wish to acknowledge with deep gratitude the seminal financial support received from the Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery (GFDRR) to carry out the PDNA and to sincerely thank the World Bank for their precious support and role in coordinating all the efforts that have led to the confection of this Report for whose content and presentation the Government assumes all responsibility. The Ketsana disaster also highlighted some basic issues in emergency responses and disaster-risk reduction management. Section IV of the Report goes to great length in showing what we have to do in order to fundamentally improve Cambodia’s disaster risk management capacities. The Government fully endorses all the proposals and priorities outlined in Section IV and appeals to its partners in development to give highest attention to this vital aspect in the recovery process. 2 Cambodia PDNA We are looking forward to discuss the PDNA with our partners in development to whom I wish to reiterate the Cambodia’s People and Government profound gratitude for the work done by them in our country and especially for the quick and generous efforts that they have so efficiently deployed in helping us facing first the humanitarian needs caused by the Ketsana disaster and now, we are sure, its longer term consequences. H.E. Dr. Nhim Vanda Senior Minister in charge of Special Mission First Vice-President of the National Committee for Disaster Management 3 Cambodia PDNA ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The Post-Ketsana Disaster Needs Assessment (PDNA) is the result of a joint initiative of the Royal Government of Cambodia, Cambodia’s Partners in development and Representatives from civil society organizations. The PDNA was a new endeavor, undertaken in the wake of the Ketsana Disaster, to assess damage and losses and resource requirements for recovery, and as such demanded a tremendous effort from everybody involved in this seminal exercise. The PDNA team wishes to acknowledge this outstanding effort and to sincerely thank the government representatives who participated in the PDNA process, both at the national, provincial and district levels. The assessment team was composed of a cross-agency group, led by the National Committee for Disaster Management (NCDM). A wide range of line ministries, including the Ministry of Public Works and Transportation (MPTW), Ministry of Rural Development (MRD), Ministry of Industry, Mines, and Energy (MIME), Ministry of Water Resources and Meteorology (MoWRAM), Ministry of Interior (MoI), Ministry of Environment (MoE), Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries (MAFF), Ministry of Social Affairs, Veterans, and Youth Rehabilitation (MoSVY), Ministry of Economy and Finance (MEF), Ministry of Education, Youth, and Sports (MoEYS), Ministry of Health (MoH), Ministry of Women’s Affairs (MoWA), Ministry of Land Management, Urban Planning, and Construction (MLMUPC), participated very actively in this exacting process as did the Cambodian Red Cross (CRC) and technical experts from a range of agencies, including the World Bank (WB), Asian Disaster Preparedness Center (ADPC), United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UNESCAP), Asian Development Bank (ADB), World Health Organization (WHO), United Nations Development Program (UNDP), Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), UNICEF, Save the Earth, Caritas, Oxfam GB, Plan International, and Netherlands Development Organization (SNV). The PDNA Report was compiled by Veasna Bun (Task Team Leader and WB-PDNA Lead), Manuel Cocco and Brett Jones (PDNA Secretariat and PDNA Report Team). The involvement of over a hundred agents and technicians from government agencies, civil society organizations, and the country’s partners in development, in data collection and analysis, made this PDNA a success. Without their time, valuable insights, and active support, the team’s fieldwork could not have been so productive. A special thank goes to the Team Assistants that made possible all the logistical arrangements, and without whom the whole exercise would not have been possible. 4 Cambodia PDNA We also wish to acknowledge with deep gratitude the overall financial support provided for this assessment by the Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery (GFDRR), with special thanks and appreciation extended to its Secretariat, the African, Caribbean, and Pacific Group of States (ACP), Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Denmark, the European Commission, Finland, France, Germany, India, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, the United Kingdom, the United
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