DOCSLIB.ORG

Disaster Response Shelter Catalogue

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Disaster Response Shelter Catalogue Disaster Response Shelter Catalogue Disaster Response Shelter Catalogue Disaster Response Shelter Catalogue Copyright 2012 Habitat for Humanity International Front cover: Acknowledgements Sondy-Jonata Orientus’ family home was destroyed in the 2010 earthquake We are extremely grateful to all the members of the Habitat for Humanity that devastated Haiti, and they were forced to live in a makeshift tent made of network who made this publication possible. Special thanks to the global tarpaulins. Habitat for Humanity completed the family’s new home in 2011. © Habitat Disaster Response community of practice members. Habitat for Humanity International/Ezra Millstein Compilation coordinated by Mario C. Flores Back cover: Editorial support by Phil Kloer Top: Earthquake destruction in Port-au-Prince, Haiti. © Habitat for Humanity International Steffan Hacker Contributions submitted by Giovanni Taylor-Peace, Mike Meaney, Ana Cristina Middle: Reconstruction in Cagayan de Oro, Philippines, after tropical storm Washi. Pérez, Pete North, Kristin Wright, Erwin Garzona, Nicolas Biswas, Jaime Mok, © Habitat for Humanity Internationa/Leonilo Escalada Scarlett Lizana Fernández, Irvin Adonis, Jessica Houghton, V. Samuel Peter, Bottom: A tsunami-affected family in Indonesia in front of their nearly completed Justin Jebakumar, Joseph Mathai, Andreas Hapsoro, Rudi Nadapdap, Rashmi house. © Habitat for Humanity International/Kim McDonald Manandhar, Amrit Bahadur B.K., Leonilo (Tots) Escalada, David (Dabs) Liban, Mihai Grigorean, Edward Fernando, Behruz Dadovoeb, Kittipich Musica, Additional photo credits: Ezra Millstein, Steffan Hacker, Jaime Mok, Mike Meaney, Nguyen Thi Yen. Mario Flores, Kevin Kehus, Maria Chomyszak, Leonilo (Tots) Escalada, Mikel Flamm, Irvin Adonis, V. Samuel Peter, Sara E. Coppler, Tom Rogers, Joseph Mathai, Additional thanks to Heron Holloway and James Samuel for reviewing part of Justin Jebakumar, Behruz Dadovoeb, Gerardo Soto, Mihai Gregorian, Edward the materials. Fernando, Ed Dunsworth, Meredith Crème, Nguyen Thi Yen, Amrit Bahadur B.K., Malvin Pagdanganan, Kim McDonald, Bonnie Vollmering, Eddie Byrd, Adrienne A final recognition to all the field staff from Habitat national organizations and Traxinger, Robert Baker, HFH New Zealand, HFH Guatemala, HFH Argentina, HFH affiliates who worked with extreme dedication and commitment to make all Honduras, HFH Chile, HFH Nepal, Cedar Valley HFH, Rebuilding Together. of these interventions possible. Our thoughts go out to all disaster-affected families that participated in these projects. Habitat.org/disaster Table of Contents Foreword 7 Introduction 9 Pathways to Permanence 11 Disaster Response World Map 18 Africa and the Middle East 20 Asia and the Pacific 30 Europe and Central Asia 104 Latin America and the Caribbean 114 United States and Canada 158 Bibliography and References 173 Foreword Low-income families living in substandard housing are among those most vulnerable to natural and man-made hazards and the turmoil of armed conflicts. The devastation resulting from disasters destroys homes and livelihoods, and dreams for the future. War and civil unrest create millions of refugees and internally displaced people. Families whose lives are upended often struggle to rebuild their lives with few tools or resources. Providing humanitarian aid to affected families requires immediate action. However, the need for simple, decent, well-built shelter remains for months and years — long after the headlines fade. Since responding to Hurricane Mitch, which struck Central America in 1998, Habitat for Humanity has increased its capacity to support disaster risk reduction and response worldwide. Our work after some of the worst disasters of the past decade — including the 2010 Haiti earthquake, Hurricane Katrina on the U.S. Gulf Coast in 2005 and the Indian Ocean tsunami in 2004 — has forever changed our idea of what’s possible. To date, we have provided shelter assistance in a wide variety of forms to more than 80,000 families facing the gravest of circumstances. Our goal is to help families not only acquire adequate housing, but also to help them return to schools, jobs and communities that can help them create a pathway to permanence. Habitat’s first Disaster Response Shelter Catalogue is an overview of our work around the world. We hope it will provide an inspiring record of our disaster response and mitigation efforts and will capture many of the valuable lessons we have learned. Habitat for Humanity believes that every single person we serve is of infinite worth. We celebrate each family that moves into a home, each livelihood that is restored and each child who does better in school because they have a safe place to study. I want to thank everyone who has supported our disaster response efforts: all the Habitat staffers who have worked long hours in stressful situations, all the donors who have responded with generous hearts, all the volunteers who have left behind their daily responsibilities to offer help, and all our amazing partner families. Our prayers continue to be with those who are starting anew, and Habitat remains committed to helping those affected by future disasters. Jonathan T.M. Reckford, CEO Habitat for Humanity International Introduction For 14 years, Habitat for Humanity has been working in Disaster Response, offering a variety of interventions to help vulnerable families and communities recover from devastating disasters and conflicts. This Disaster Response Shelter Catalogue, the first one published by Habitat, seeks to give a meaningful overview of our efforts as of 2012. The reports here, selected from among Habitat’s many responses and interventions, span the globe and every possible metric, from modest local efforts to help one village to huge undertakings that involve multiple countries, partners, complex logistics and millions of dollars. Some responses have been unqualified successes. Others met with significant challenges, and the partners involved had to adapt as they went, sometimes having to re-think original goals. Those latter responses can provide valuable lessons learned, both for Habitat and for our fellow humanitarian organizations, and those lessons are included. We hope they will contribute to the institutional memory of Habitat and assist others who work in similar arenas. Habitat’s recovery initiatives include shelter and settlements interventions with an end goal of sustainable development. They include emergency shelter kits, transitional shelters, core and incremental building; complete new house construction, repairs and reconstruction; and retrofitting to enhance resistance to hazards. Access to land, affirmation of tenure rights, access to clean water and improved sanitation complement this enabling strategy. Habitat supports holistic approaches to working with families and communities who have been affected by disasters. In addition to shelter, community needs can include restoration of livelihoods, education, skills training, concerns for safety, and maintaining valuable social networks. In collaboration with community leaders, local government, humanitarian aid and development organizations and the affected families themselves, Habitat tries to address these needs where appropriate. 9 Habitat also provides customized training and resources to help communities and homeowners reduce the impact of future disasters. Mitigation and preparedness initiatives are community- based and designed to empower communities with risk-management capabilities. With particular emphasis on disaster-prone locations, Habitat works to build local capacities to identify hazards, reduce vulnerabilities and mitigate disaster effects. Initiatives are implemented by Habitat for Humanity International, Habitat affiliates, national organizations and partners. Affected families and communities participate in all stages of the work, from planning and preparation to construction. All of these tenets are summed up in our Pathways to Permanence strategy for reducing vulnerability and sheltering disaster-affected families. (For a full explanation of Pathways to Permanence, see page 11.) It’s a multi-faceted approach that rejects “one size fits all” and acknowledges that there are multiple pathways on which families will move toward the goal of permanent, durable shelter and settlements solutions. Pathways to Permanence includes the affected populations in the decision-making process, and includes listening and responding to the people we are assisting. We would like to take this opportunity to thank those members of the Habitat Disaster Response community of practice around the world who contributed to this publication and encourage the study and dissemination of the many lessons contained here. We would also like to recognize the thousands of committed and dedicated workers, staffers, volunteers, partners and families who have been and continue to be a part of our Disaster Response efforts for a world where everyone has a decent place to live. Mario C. Flores Director, Disaster Response Field Operations Habitat for Humanity International 10 Pathways to Permanence: A Strategy for Disaster Response and Beyond By Mario C. Flores and Michael C. Meaney Introduction As Habitat for Humanity International began assembling and distributing emergency shelter kits in Haiti after the January 2010 earthquake, the response team started looking to the next set of interventions. In coordination with the Inter-Agency Standing Committee Shelter Cluster, the response team decided that
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Risk Reduction and Management in Escalating Water Hazards: How Fare the Poor?
    Risk Reduction and Management in Escalating Water Hazards: How Fare the Poor? Leonardo Q. Liongson, PhD The article aims to take stock of and rapidly assess the human and economic damages brought about, not only by Typhoon Yolanda, but also by the recent Bohol 7.2 magnitude earthquake and its aftershocks during the period October-November 2013, and comparatively, the most recent typhoons and monsoons (habagat) rainstorm and flood events in the 21st century. It will also cover the positive new steps and efforts of the infrastructure and S&T arms of the national government, and the needed additional steps and tasks which must follow, for alleviating and mitigating the hazard risks of water-based natural disasters, with emphasis on helping and protecting the most exposed and vulnerable to the hazard risks, being the poor sector of the society. The article has emphasized the need for implementing structural mitigation measures in poor unprotected towns and regions in the country, especially under the challenge and threat posed by growing population and climate change. Likewise, non-structural mitigation measures (which have shorter gestation periods of months and few years only, compared to decades for major structural measures) must be provided under the imperative or necessity implied by the structural gap of existing structures to adequately reduce and effectively manage the increasing flood and storm surge hazard risks, caused by growing population and climate change. NO PRIOR WARNING OF SUPER STORM SURGES of 225 kilometers per hour (kph) and gusts of 260 kph coming from PAGASA, with the attendant rains and the Many days before the first landfall of super Typhoon wind-blown piled-up sea waves hitting the coastal areas Haiyan (Yolanda) in Samar and Leyte (in Region 8) last of the region.
    [Show full text]
  • Climate Disasters in the Philippines: a Case Study of the Immediate Causes and Root Drivers From
    Zhzh ENVIRONMENT & NATURAL RESOURCES PROGRAM Climate Disasters in the Philippines: A Case Study of Immediate Causes and Root Drivers from Cagayan de Oro, Mindanao and Tropical Storm Sendong/Washi Benjamin Franta Hilly Ann Roa-Quiaoit Dexter Lo Gemma Narisma REPORT NOVEMBER 2016 Environment & Natural Resources Program Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs Harvard Kennedy School 79 JFK Street Cambridge, MA 02138 www.belfercenter.org/ENRP The authors of this report invites use of this information for educational purposes, requiring only that the reproduced material clearly cite the full source: Franta, Benjamin, et al, “Climate disasters in the Philippines: A case study of immediate causes and root drivers from Cagayan de Oro, Mindanao and Tropical Storm Sendong/Washi.” Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University, November 2016. Statements and views expressed in this report are solely those of the authors and do not imply endorsement by Harvard University, the Harvard Kennedy School, or the Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs. Design & Layout by Andrew Facini Cover photo: A destroyed church in Samar, Philippines, in the months following Typhoon Yolanda/ Haiyan. (Benjamin Franta) Copyright 2016, President and Fellows of Harvard College Printed in the United States of America ENVIRONMENT & NATURAL RESOURCES PROGRAM Climate Disasters in the Philippines: A Case Study of Immediate Causes and Root Drivers from Cagayan de Oro, Mindanao and Tropical Storm Sendong/Washi Benjamin Franta Hilly Ann Roa-Quiaoit Dexter Lo Gemma Narisma REPORT NOVEMBER 2016 The Environment and Natural Resources Program (ENRP) The Environment and Natural Resources Program at the Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs is at the center of the Harvard Kennedy School’s research and outreach on public policy that affects global environment quality and natural resource management.
    [Show full text]
  • 6 2. Annual Summaries of the Climate System in 2009 2.1 Climate In
    2. Annual summaries of the climate system in above normal in Okinawa/Amami because hot and 2009 sunny weather was dominant under the subtropical high in July and August. 2.1 Climate in Japan (d) Autumn (September – November 2009, Fig. 2.1.1 Average surface temperature, precipitation 2.1.4d) amounts and sunshine durations Seasonal mean temperatures were near normal in The annual anomaly of the average surface northern and Eastern Japan, although temperatures temperature over Japan (averaged over 17 observatories swung widely. In Okinawa/Amami, seasonal mean confirmed as being relatively unaffected by temperatures were significantly above normal due to urbanization) in 2009 was 0.56°C above normal (based the hot weather in the first half of autumn. Monthly on the 1971 – 2000 average), and was the seventh precipitation amounts were significantly below normal highest since 1898. On a longer time scale, average nationwide in September due to dominant anticyclones. surface temperatures have been rising at a rate of about In contrast, in November, they were significantly 1.13°C per century since 1898 (Fig. 2.1.1). above normal in Western Japan under the influence of the frequent passage of cyclones and fronts around 2.1.2 Seasonal features Japan. In October, Typhoon Melor (0918) made (a) Winter (December 2008 – February 2009, Fig. landfall on mainland Japan, bringing heavy rainfall and 2.1.4a) strong winds. Since the winter monsoon was much weaker than (e) December 2009 usual, seasonal mean temperatures were above normal In the first half of December, temperatures were nationwide. In particular, they were significantly high above normal nationwide, and heavy precipitation was in Northern Japan, Eastern Japan and Okinawa/Amami.
    [Show full text]
  • Typhoon Haiyan Action Plan November 2013
    Philippines: Typhoon Haiyan Action Plan November 2013 Prepared by the Humanitarian Country Team 100% 92 million total population of the Philippines (as of 2010) 54% 50 million total population of the nine regions hit by Typhoon Haiyan 13% 11.3 million people affected in these nine regions OVERVIEW (as of 12 November) (12 November 2013 OCHA) SITUATION On the morning of 8 November, category 5 Typhoon Haiyan (locally known as Yolanda ) made a direct hit on the Philippines, a densely populated country of 92 million people, devastating areas in 36 provinces. Haiyan is possibly the most powerful storm ever recorded . The typhoon first ma de landfall at 673,000 Guiuan, Eastern Samar province, with wind speeds of 235 km/h and gusts of 275 km/h. Rain fell at rates of up to 30 mm per hour and massive storm displaced people surges up to six metres high hit Leyte and Samar islands. Many cities and (as of 12 November) towns experienced widespread destruction , with as much as 90 per cent of housing destroyed in some areas . Roads are blocked, and airports and seaports impaired; heavy ships have been thrown inland. Water supply and power are cut; much of the food stocks and other goods are d estroyed; many health facilities not functioning and medical supplies quickly being exhausted. Affected area: Regions VIII (Eastern Visayas), VI (Western Visayas) and Total funding requirements VII (Central Visayas) are hardest hit, according to current information. Regions IV-A (CALABARZON), IV-B ( MIMAROPA ), V (Bicol), X $301 million (Northern Mindanao), XI (Davao) and XIII (Caraga) were also affected.
    [Show full text]
  • WMO Statement on the Status of the Global Climate in 2011
    WMO statement on the status of the global climate in 2011 WMO-No. 1085 WMO-No. 1085 © World Meteorological Organization, 2012 The right of publication in print, electronic and any other form and in any language is reserved by WMO. Short extracts from WMO publications may be reproduced without authorization, provided that the complete source is clearly indicated. Editorial correspondence and requests to publish, reproduce or translate this publication in part or in whole should be addressed to: Chair, Publications Board World Meteorological Organization (WMO) 7 bis, avenue de la Paix Tel.: +41 (0) 22 730 84 03 P.O. Box 2300 Fax: +41 (0) 22 730 80 40 CH-1211 Geneva 2, Switzerland E-mail: [email protected] ISBN 978-92-63-11085-5 WMO in collaboration with Members issues since 1993 annual statements on the status of the global climate. This publication was issued in collaboration with the Hadley Centre of the UK Meteorological Office, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; the Climatic Research Unit (CRU), University of East Anglia, United Kingdom; the Climate Prediction Center (CPC), the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC), the National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service (NESDIS), the National Hurricane Center (NHC) and the National Weather Service (NWS) of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), United States of America; the Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) operated by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), United States; the National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC), United States; the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), United Kingdom; the Global Precipitation Climatology Centre (GPCC), Germany; and the Dartmouth Flood Observatory, United States.
    [Show full text]
  • Appendix 8: Damages Caused by Natural Disasters
    Building Disaster and Climate Resilient Cities in ASEAN Draft Finnal Report APPENDIX 8: DAMAGES CAUSED BY NATURAL DISASTERS A8.1 Flood & Typhoon Table A8.1.1 Record of Flood & Typhoon (Cambodia) Place Date Damage Cambodia Flood Aug 1999 The flash floods, triggered by torrential rains during the first week of August, caused significant damage in the provinces of Sihanoukville, Koh Kong and Kam Pot. As of 10 August, four people were killed, some 8,000 people were left homeless, and 200 meters of railroads were washed away. More than 12,000 hectares of rice paddies were flooded in Kam Pot province alone. Floods Nov 1999 Continued torrential rains during October and early November caused flash floods and affected five southern provinces: Takeo, Kandal, Kampong Speu, Phnom Penh Municipality and Pursat. The report indicates that the floods affected 21,334 families and around 9,900 ha of rice field. IFRC's situation report dated 9 November stated that 3,561 houses are damaged/destroyed. So far, there has been no report of casualties. Flood Aug 2000 The second floods has caused serious damages on provinces in the North, the East and the South, especially in Takeo Province. Three provinces along Mekong River (Stung Treng, Kratie and Kompong Cham) and Municipality of Phnom Penh have declared the state of emergency. 121,000 families have been affected, more than 170 people were killed, and some $10 million in rice crops has been destroyed. Immediate needs include food, shelter, and the repair or replacement of homes, household items, and sanitation facilities as water levels in the Delta continue to fall.
    [Show full text]
  • Tropical Storm Tembin
    Emergency Plan of Action (EPoA) Philippines: Tropical Storm Tembin DREF n° MDRPH026 Glide n° TC-2017-000180-PHL; TC-2017-000182-PHL Date of issue: 22 December 2017 Categorization of crisis1: Yellow Operations manager: Point of contact: Patrick Elliott Atty. Oscar Palabyab Operations Manager Secretary General IFRC Philippine Country Office Philippine Red Cross Operation start date: 22 December 2017 Operation timeframe: 1 month, 22 January 2018 Operation budget: CHF 31,764 DREF allocation: CHF 31,764 N° of people affected: To be determined after landfall N° of people to be assisted: 5,000 Red Cross Red Crescent Movement partners actively involved in the operation: PRC is working with the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) in this operation. There are 12 Partner National Societies with presence in the Philippines. PRC and IFRC are also coordinating with International Committee of the Red Cross on this operation. Other partner organizations actively involved in the operation: Government ministries and agencies including the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC), Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD), the Philippine Armed Forces, the Philippine National Police Force and Local Government Units are providing assistance to affected households. PRC have a seat on the NDRRMC. A. SITUATION ANALYSIS Description of the disaster There have been two significant weather systems to enter the Philippines Area of Responsibility (PAR) since 12 December 2017. Tropical Storm Kai-tak: On 12 December 2017, a low-pressure area (LPA) within the PAR developed into a Tropical Depression which was named Kai-tak (locally Urduja). The tropical depression moved north northwest, and by 14 December was reclassified as a Tropical Storm.
    [Show full text]
  • The Year That Shook the Rich: a Review of Natural Disasters in 2011
    THE YEAR THAT SHOOK THE RICH: A REVIEW OF NATURAL DISASTERS IN 2011 The Brookings Institution – London School of Economics Project on Internal Displacement March 2012 Design: [email protected] Cover photo: © Thinkstock.com Back cover photos: left / © Awcnz62 | Dreamstime.com; right / © IOM 2011 - MPK0622 (Photo: Chris Lom) THE YEAR THAT SHOOK THE RICH: A REVIEW OF NATURAL DISASTERS IN 2011 By Elizabeth Ferris and Daniel Petz March 2012 PUBLISHED BY: THE BROOKINGS INSTITUTION – LONDON SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS PROJECT ON INTERNAL DISPLACEMENT Bangkok, Thailand — Severe monsoon floods, starting in late July 2011, affected millions of people. A truck with passengers aboard drives through a heavily flooded street. Photo: UN/Mark Garten TABLE OF CONTENTS Acronyms ................................................................................................................................. vi Foreword ................................................................................................................................. ix Executive Summary ................................................................................................................. xi Introduction .............................................................................................................................. xv Chapter 1 The Year that Shook the Rich ...................................................... 1 Section 1 Disasters in the “Rich” World, Some Numbers ............................................ 5 Section 2 Japan: The Most Expensive Disaster
    [Show full text]
  • Two Phytoplankton Blooms Near Luzon Strait Generated by Lingering Typhoon Parma
    Two phytoplankton blooms near Luzon Strait generated by Lingering Typhoon Parma Hui Zhao1, Guoqi Han2, Shuwen Zhang1, and Dongxiao Wang3 1College of Ocean and Meteorology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China 2 Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Centre, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, St. John’s, NL, Canada 3. State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography(LTO),SCSIO, CAS Introduction A. WS,EKV, Sep 15-30, 2009 B. WS, EKV, OCT 4-5, 2009 Typhoons or tropical cyclones occur frequently in the South China Sea (SCS), over 7 times 22N annually on average. Due to limit of nutrients, cyclones and typhoons have important effects on chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) and phytoplankton blooms in oligotrophic ocean waters of the SCS. 20N Typhoons in the region, with different translation speeds and intensities, exert diverse impacts on intensity and area of phytoplankton blooms. However, role of longer-lingering weak cyclones 18N played phytoplankton biomass was seldom investigated in SCS. Parma was one slow-moving and relatively weak (≤Ca. 1), while lingering near the 16N northern Luzon Island for about 7 days in an area of 3°by 3°(Fig. 1). This kind of long lingering typhoons are rather infrequent in the SCS, and their influences on phytoplankton 118E 120E122E 124E 118E 120E122E 124E Fig. 2 Surface Wind Vectors (m s-1 , respectively) and Ekman Pumping blooms have seldom been evaluated. In this work, we investigate two phytoplankton blooms Velocity (EPV) (color shaded in 10-4 m s-1). (A) Before Typhoon; (B). During (one offshore and the other nearshore) north of Luzon Island and the impacts of typhoon’s Fig 1 Track and intensity of Typhoon Parma (2009) in the Study area.
    [Show full text]
  • Potential Impact of Climate Change and Extreme Events on Slope Land Hazard
    Potential Impact of Climate Change and Extreme Events on Slope Land Hazard - A Case Study of Xindian Watershed in Taiwan Shih-Chao WEI1, Hsin-Chi LI2, Hung-Ju SHIH2, Ko-Fei LIU1 1 Department of Civil Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan 5 2 National Science and Technology Center for Disaster Reduction, New Taipei City 23143, Taiwan Correspondence to: Hsin-Chi LI ([email protected]) Abstract. The production and transportation of sediment in mountainous areas caused by extreme rainfall events triggered by climate change is a challenging problem, especially in watersheds. To investigate this issue, the present study adopted the scenario approach coupled with simulations using various models. Upon careful model selection, the simulation of projected 10 rainfall, landslide, debris flow, and loss assessment were integrated by connecting the models’ input and output. The Xindian watershed upstream from Taipei, Taiwan, was identified and two extreme rainfall scenarios from the late 20th and 21st centuries were selected to compare the effects of climate change. Using sequence simulations, the chain reaction and compounded disaster were analysed. Moreover, the potential effects of slope land hazards were compared between the present and future, and the likely impacts in the selected watershed areas were discussed with respect to extreme climate. The results 15 established that the unstable sediment volume would increase by 28.81% in terms of the projected extreme event. The total economic losses caused by the chain impacts of slope land disasters under climate change would be increased to US$ 358.25 million. Owing to the geographical environment of the Taipei metropolitan area, the indirect losses of water supply shortage caused by slope land disasters would be more serious than direct losses.
    [Show full text]
  • The Change in Rainfall from Tropical Cyclones Due to Orographic Effect of the Sierra Madre Mountain Range in Luzon, Philippines
    Philippine Journal of Science 145 (4): 313-326, December 2016 ISSN 0031 - 7683 Date Received: ?? Feb 20?? The Change in Rainfall from Tropical Cyclones Due to Orographic Effect of the Sierra Madre Mountain Range in Luzon, Philippines Bernard Alan B. Racoma1,2*, Carlos Primo C. David1, Irene A. Crisologo1, and Gerry Bagtasa3 1National Institute of Geological Sciences, College of Science, University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines 2Nationwide Operational Assessment of Hazards, University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines 3Institute of Environmental Science and Meteorology, College of Science, University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines This paper discusses the Sierra Madre Mountain Range of the Philippines and its associated influence on the intensity and distribution of rainfall during tropical cyclones. Based on Weather and Research Forecasting model simulations, a shift in rainfall was observed in different portions of the country, due to the reduction of the topography of the mountain. Besides increasing the rainfall along the mountain range, a shift in precipitation was observed during Tropical Storm Ondoy, Typhoon Labuyo, and Tropical Storm Mario. It was also observed that the presence of the Sierra Madre Mountain Range slows down the movement of a tropical cyclones, and as such allowing more time for precipitation to form over the country. Wind profiles also suggest that the windward and leeward sides of mountain ranges during Tropical Cyclones changes depending on the storm path. It has been suggested that in predicting the distribution of rainfall, the direction of movement of a tropical cyclones as well as its adjacent areas be taken into great consideration.
    [Show full text]
  • Adzan Pitu? Syncretism Or Religious Tradition: Research in Sang Cipta Rasa Cirebon Mosque
    HTS Teologiese Studies/Theological Studies ISSN: (Online) 2072-8050, (Print) 0259-9422 Page 1 of 7 Original Research Adzan Pitu? Syncretism or religious tradition: Research in Sang Cipta Rasa Cirebon mosque Authors: Adzan Pitu is one form of the legacy of Syarif Hidayatullah in spreading Islam in Cirebon. 1,2 Wawan Hermawan One of the ways in which Sunan Gunung Jati spread Islam is by building mosques. Linda Eka Pradita1,2 The construction of the Sang Cipta Rasa mosque aims to centre the spread of Islam in Cirebon Affiliations: and surrounding areas. A Mosque is symbolised not only as a place of worship but also as a 1Doctoral Student Indonesian place of studying Islam. This is what underlies the construction of the Sang Cipta Rasa mosque Language Education, Sebelas by Syarif Hidayatullah which is now in the Kasepuhan palace complex in Cirebon. The noble Maret University, Surakarta, goal is constrained by the evil intentions of the Mataram envoy who wished to thwart the Indonesia. construction of the mosque. Until today, when the People of Cirebon are affected by an epidemic such as measles, they have to perform Adzan Pitu to repel the outbreak and sacrifices 2Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Majapahit as a condition to purify the spell that was spread by the envoy of Mataram. Adzan Pitu is a call Islamic University, Mojokerto, to prayer with seven people at the same time. It is a form of mixing of Islamic and Hindu Indonesia. culture. Adzan Pitu has character values in it, which include religious values, hard work and social care.
    [Show full text]